Overview of U.S. Preparations for ITER Ned Sauthoff Fusion Power Associates Washington, DC November 19, 2003 Positioning the US to achieve its Burning Plasma interests through ITER
Overview of U.S. Preparations for ITER
Ned Sauthoff
Fusion Power Associates
Washington, DC
November 19, 2003
Positioning the US to achieve its Burning Plasma interests
through ITER
Preparations leading to the Presidential Decision…
Snowmass Summer Study7/2002
FESAC2/2002-9/2002
NRC12/2002 - 2003
DOEOMBOSTP
UFAwork-shops
FESACBurning Plasma Panel9/2001
DOE/SC Cost Assessment11/2002
White House1/2003
Congress
What further preparations are needed to position the US to achieve its Burning Plasma interests?
ITER-related activities
Support of
US ITER Negotiations
ITER Transitional
Arrangements
Preparation of the
US ITER Project Team
BP-Supporting
Program Activities
ConstructionResearchOperations
~2006 ~2014
Upcoming ITER-related activities
Support of
US ITER Negotiations
ITER Transitional
Arrangements
Preparation of the
US ITER Project Team
BP-Supporting
Program Activities
ConstructionResearchOperations
• “Levels of Interest” in packages for “in-kind contributions”
• Contributing input to discussions
Major Components of ITER
Toroidal Field CoilNb3Sn, 18 coils
Poloidal Field CoilNb-Ti, 6 coils
Central SolenoidNb3Sn, 6 modules
Blanket Module421 modules
Vacuum Vessel9 sectors
Cryostat24 m high x 28 m dia.
Port Plug6 heating3 test blankets2 limitersrem. diagnostics
Divertor54 cassettes
Overview of the ITER Construction “Value”
ITER Value Estimate, for measuring relative contributions
US concerns about the US costs
Procurement packages ~$4B
based on estimates by EU, JA, and RF
- US costs for performing scopes- R&D and design of diagnostics, heating and current drive- contingency
Construction Management
~$1B
based on man-year and cost/man-year estimates
- labor rates and support costs- sufficiency of estimated labor- domestic agency costs
Guidelines for the US in-kind offers
• The total value of the US offers matches the negotiated percentages
• The cost of the the US offer is within the Administration’s dollar-limit– in-kind and in-cash contributions– construction management, and– US domestic agency, contingencies, reserves, …
• The scope is of interest to “the US”
• The scope is consistent with US capabilities
• The scope is consistent with US export controls,US Trade Representatives’ guidelines, etc.
US cost-estimation for procurement-areas of interest
US area experts
(labs and universities)
Divertor[Ulrickson (SNL)]
Tritium [Willms (LANL)]
Vacuum Pumping and Fueling System[Gouge (ORNL)]
Conventional Systems [Hill (LLNL)]
Magnet Systems[Minervini (MIT)]
Diagnostics [Young/Johnson (PPPL)]
Ion Cyclotron H&CD [Swain (ORNL) / Hosea (PPPL)]
Electron Cyclotron H&CD [Temkin (MIT) / Hosea (PPPL)]
US cost-estimation for each procurement-area of interest
US area experts
(labs and universities)
US industry
ITER Procurement
Packages
ITER Cost Worksheets
Comparison of ITER valueand US cost
US supporting program to position the US
US cost foradditional R&D and Design
procurementpackages
costsheets
Burning Plasma Progam Advisory Committee
• Membership– Stewart Prager (U. Wis.), chair– Mohamed Abdou (UCLA)– Réjean Boivin (GA)– Harold Forsen– Jeffrey Freidberg (MIT)– Richard Hawryluk (PPPL)– E. Bickford Hooper (LLNL)– Stan Milora (ORNL)– Gerald Navratil (Columbia)– Tony Taylor (GA)– George Tynan (UCSD)– Michael Ulrickson (Sandia)– James Van Dam (UTex)
BPPAC criteria, metrics and priorities for US contributions
1. US research positioning (High)– Metric: Extent to which activity positions the US for key
science/technology roles in ITER
2. ITER-value per dollar (High)– Metric: ITER value/(US cost of full scope of ITER-specific R&D + design
+ fab + contingency)
3. Relative value or strength of US contribution to ITER (High/Medium)– Metric: High relative strength to meet a critical need of the ITER project
4. Contributions to US fusion research program (Medium)– Metric: Enhancement of US capability for activity both in ITER and
outside ITER
5. Enhancement of fusion-relevant capability of US industry (Medium/Low)– Metric: Extent activity increases industrial capability in fusion areas
6. Development of US fusion workforce (Low)– Metric: Extent to which activity builds a suitable US fusion science and
technology work force.
Upcoming ITER-related activities
Support of
US ITER Negotiations
ITER Transitional
Arrangements
Preparation of the
US ITER Project Team
BP-Supporting
Program Activities
ConstructionResearchOperations
• “Levels of Interest” in packages for “in-kind contributions”
• Contributing input to discussions
NSSG-GroupsArea US emphasis
• Management Structure
effectiveness
Strong project management
• technical control(design integration, change control, …)
• procurement control (vendor qualifications, inspections, progress payments, …)
Conceptual ITER Organizational Structure
Supporting Services
Support for Project Management, Computer Network Technical works, etc.
ILE
Central Team
Field TeamField Team Field Team
Council
Science andTechnology
Advisory Committee
ManagementAdvisory
Committee
Director-General(DG)
Auditors
ILE Staff (professionals + support staff)
DomesticAgency
DomesticAgency
DomesticAgency
Contracts
for construction phase
Host country
NSSG-GroupsArea US emphasis
• Management Structure
effectiveness
• Staffing
accessibility
• Procurement Systems/Methods
in-kind/in-cash
changes
• Procurement Allocations
project success
US interests
Status of Procurement Allocations
• For each site-option, most packages have been provisionally assigned
• In this provisional allocation, the US has a spectrum of packages that:– matches the negotiated value– involves the US in key science and technology areas of interest– is within the US dollar limit
(including in-kind, in-cash, contingencies, domestic activity, …)
• The provisional allocation is subject to review by others:– US export controls, ….
• Next steps:– Allocation of remaining packages after site- and cost-sharing agreement– Discussions of coordination with other parties
NSSG-GroupsArea US emphasis
• Management Structure
effectiveness
• Staffing
accessibility
• Procurement Systems/Methods
in-kind/in-cash; changes
• Procurement Allocations
project success and US interests
• Resource Management Regulations
visibility and changes
• Risk
recognition and management
• Intellectual Property
benefits and protection
• Decommissioning
amount and timing of the funds
Upcoming ITER-related activities
Support of
US ITER Negotiations
ITER Transitional
Arrangements
Preparation of the
US ITER Project Team
BP-Supporting
Program Activities
ConstructionResearchOperations
• Performance of “Home Team” tasks
• Secondees• Naka• Garching• ITER Site (future)
REGULATORY APPROVAL
ConstructionAgreement
InitialledILE Established
CONSTRUCTION LICENSE
Months 0 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108
CONSTRUCTION EXCAVATE HVAC ready
Purchase Order TOKAMAK BUILDING
SITE FABRICATION BUILDING
OTHER BLDGS.PFC sitefabrication
bldg. Place first TF/VV in pit
CompleteVV torus
Complete Blanket/Divertor Installation
TOKAMAK ASSEMBLYInstall cryostat
bottom lidPlace lowerPFC
InstallCS
STARTUP & COMMISSIONING
SYSTEM STARTUP & TESTING
INTEGRATED COMMISSIONING
Complete leak& presure test
Magnetexcitation
1st PLASMA
PROCUREMENT PFC fab. start Last PFC complete
MAGNETSTFC fab.
startCS fab.
startLast TFC complete
CS fab.complete
First purchase order VESSEL,
BLANKET & DIVERTORFirst VV
sectorLast VV sector
First purchase order
Last blanketand divertor
1/06
ITA Task Requests
• Magnet– Qualification of industrial suppliers of Nb3Sn strands
with increased value of Jc
– Conductor performance and design criteria (transverse load effects)
– CS jacket weld defect assessment– Stress analysis of the helium inlet regions
• Divertor– Divertor Diagnostic Side Plates Design– Design of Special Divertor Diagnostic Cassettes including
cassettes with in-vessel viewing access– Tolerance Study of the Divertor
• Safety Computer Codes
Physics Tasks and Working Group
• Neoclassical Tearing Modes in Inductive Operation
• Resistive Wall Modes in Non-inductively Driven Plasma
• Disruptions and their mitigation in Inductive Operation
• Plasma control
• Plasma transport simulations
• Divertor
• Edge pedestal and ELMs in Inductive Operation
• Diagnostic Working Group
Upcoming ITER-related activities
Support of
US ITER Negotiations
ITER Transitional
Arrangements
Preparation of the
US ITER Project Team
BP-Supporting
Program Activities
ConstructionResearchOperations
• Performance of “Home Team” tasks
• Secondees• Naka• Garching• ITER Site (future)
Secondees requested by the IT
• completing design and writing technical procurement specifications for "long-lead" items – CS manufacturing, coil winding instrumentation, conductors– divertor, high heat flux components– blanket (shield and FW)– cryostat and vacuum system
• layout review of the tritium plant and cryogenic distribution
• taking over the design for IC, EC and CODAC systems
• diagnostics definition and integration
Upcoming ITER-related activities
Support of
US ITER Negotiations
ITER Transitional
Arrangements
Preparation of the
US ITER Project Team
BP-Supporting
Program Activities
ConstructionResearchOperations
• Development of the US ITER Project Management Plan
• Positioning the US to perform agreed procurements
• Performance of long-lead-time work on Critical Path Tasks
• US reviews
Upcoming ITER-related activities
Support of
US ITER Negotiations
ITER Transitional
Arrangements
Preparation of the
US ITER Project Team
BP-Supporting
Program Activities
ConstructionResearchOperations
• R&D and Design on Diagnostics, Heating and Current Drive Systems
• Re-establish US participation in the ITER Test Blanket Program
• Experiments, theory and modeling aimed at key questions for burning plasmas (design and operation)
• Planning for the ITER Research Phase
Participate in IGNITOR, if Italy builds it
Upcoming ITER-related activities
Support of
US ITER Negotiations
ITER Transitional
Arrangements
Preparation of the
US ITER Project Team
BP-Supporting
Program Activities
ConstructionResearchOperations
• Secondees
• “In-kind” contributions
• “Cash-fund” contributions
Secondees
• During the EDA, the US provided ~35 secondees to the Joint Central Team.
• The construction-phase secondee-assignments would be to a combination of:– the ITER site, and– Field Teams in the ITER party territories
• 10% of the total ITER Central Construction Management Team professional staff level would be comparable to our EDA level:
~8-12 professionals at the ITER Site
~10-13 professionals on Field Teams
Participate in IGNITOR, if Italy builds it
Upcoming ITER-related activities
Support of
US ITER Negotiations
ITER Transitional
Arrangements
Preparation of the
US ITER Project Team
BP-Supporting
Program Activities
ConstructionResearchOperations
• US: Scientific Merit should be the dominant criterion
• US: “Magnitude of contribution”, rather than “Nature of contribution” should matter for decision-making
US actions on Research Participation in ITER
• Development of the US Burning Plasma program, integrating with the domestic and international programs
• Drafting visions and plans for ITER research operations
• Participation in the International Tokamak Physics Activity (ITPA)
ITER-related activities
Support of
US ITER Negotiations
ITER Transitional
Arrangements
Preparation of the
US ITER Project Team
BP-Supporting
Program Activities
ConstructionResearchOperations
How do we position the US to meet US interests?
• Focusing on ITER Project and Program Success– Contributing project-enabling concepts into international
Negotiations
• Preparing for a 2006 US Start-of-Construction– Assessing possible US in-kind offers– Participating in the ITA by tasks and secondees– Establishing an effective US ITER Team
• Positioning for ITER Research– Performing BP-supporting research on key issues (ITPA)– Establishing excellence in leading tokamak research– Developing world-class remote collaborations tools
US interests guiding US preparations
• Study of Burning Plasmas (cf. G. Navratil)
• Fusion technologies (cf. C. Baker)
• U.S. Industry (R. Iotti)
• As a Step Towards Fusion Power (R. Goldston)
• Developing a truly international approach to the conception, design, construction and operation of major science and technology programs