Overview of This Unit n Perception n Perceiving Others in Relationships n Group Theory: The positive: Groups vs. Individual Problem Solving The positive:

Overview of This UnitOverview of This Unit PerceptionPerception Perceiving Others in RelationshipsPerceiving Others in Relationships Group Theory:Group Theory:

The positive:The positive:Groups vs. Individual ProblemGroups vs. Individual Problem

SolvingSolving

The Negative: GroupthinkThe Negative: Groupthink

Perception in CommunicationPerception in Communication

Interpretation of the Interpretation of the Meaning of StimuliMeaning of Stimuli

Words have Different Words have Different Meanings to different Meanings to different PeoplePeople

But Why? ConstructivismBut Why? Constructivism

Constructs are contrasting Constructs are contrasting features we use to classify features we use to classify perceptionsperceptions

Cognitive complexity: the Cognitive complexity: the degree of sophistication of the degree of sophistication of the constructs we use to understand constructs we use to understand the world the world

Why are Some Messages More Why are Some Messages More Sophisticated Than Others?Sophisticated Than Others?

Three conversation logics:Three conversation logics:–Expressive Design LogicExpressive Design Logic

–Conventional Design LogicConventional Design Logic

–Rhetorical Design LogicRhetorical Design Logic

Problems?Problems?

Only Numbers of Only Numbers of Constructs are Constructs are measured by the RCQ.measured by the RCQ.

Seems to Promote Seems to Promote Elitism Elitism

Cause or Correlation?Cause or Correlation?

Social PenetrationSocial Penetration

We discloseWe discloseincrementally andincrementally andslowly, over time.slowly, over time.

Social PenetrationSocial Penetration

We discloseWe discloseincrementally andincrementally andslowly, over time.slowly, over time.Depenetration Depenetration PhasesPhases

To Change or Not to ChangeTo Change or Not to Change

OO CLCL CLCLaltalt

To Change or Not to ChangeTo Change or Not to Change

OO CLCL CLCLaltalt

Satisfaction if: O CLSatisfaction if: O CL

To Change or Not to ChangeTo Change or Not to Change

OO CLCL CLCLaltalt

Satisfaction if: O CLSatisfaction if: O CL Optimum Disclosure if:Optimum Disclosure if:

OO > CL CLalt alt > > CLCL

To Change or Not to ChangeTo Change or Not to Change

OO CLCL CLCLaltalt

Satisfaction if: O CLSatisfaction if: O CL Optimum Disclosure if:Optimum Disclosure if:

OO > CL CLalt alt > > CLCL Stability if: O Stability if: O > CL CLaltalt

Does the Term Co-dependence Does the Term Co-dependence Ring a Bell?Ring a Bell?

CodependenceCodependence dependence on outer or externaldependence on outer or external

sources for self-worth and self-definition sources for self-worth and self-definition Others define our outcome levelsOthers define our outcome levels Effects:Effects:

Unhealthy control given to othersUnhealthy control given to others

Trust destroyedTrust destroyed

Overview of This UnitOverview of This Unit PerceptionPerception Perceiving Others in RelationshipsPerceiving Others in Relationships Group Theory:Group Theory:

The positive:The positive:Groups vs. Individual ProblemGroups vs. Individual Problem

SolvingSolving

The Negative: GroupthinkThe Negative: Groupthink

Groups vs. Individual Problem Groups vs. Individual Problem Solving: Advantages of GroupsSolving: Advantages of Groups

Error CatchingError Catching Immediate ReactionsImmediate Reactions Quality of DecisionsQuality of Decisions

AnalysisAnalysis Exercise 1Exercise 1

What is the area of the following object?What is the area of the following object?

(not to scale)(not to scale)

10 inches

5 inches 5 inches

20 inches

AnalysisAnalysis Exercise 2Exercise 2

. . .

. . .

. . .

AnalysisAnalysis Exercise 2Exercise 2

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. . .

. . .

AnalysisAnalysis Exercise 2Exercise 2

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. . .

. . .

AnalysisAnalysis Exercise 2Exercise 2

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. . .

. . .

AnalysisAnalysis Exercise 2Exercise 2

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. . .

Exercise 3Exercise 3

The Travels of the WormThe Travels of the Worm

Exercise 4Exercise 4 6 miles south6 miles south 3 miles east3 miles east 2 miles north2 miles north 1 mile west1 mile west 4 miles north4 miles north What color was the bear?What color was the bear?

6

6

3

6

3

2

6

3

2

1

6

3

2

14

o

o

o

o

o

o

Overcoming Obstacles to Overcoming Obstacles to Analytical ThinkingAnalytical Thinking

Getting at Implied FactsGetting at Implied Facts Thinking SystematicallyThinking Systematically

Getting at Implied Getting at Implied FactsFacts

I love a I love a mysterymystery

Avoiding StallingAvoiding Stalling

Reduce Terms to HelpReduce Terms to Help

““My father’s son“ =My father’s son“ =

meme

This man’s father is {me}This man’s father is {me}

Dewey’s Steps to Reflective Dewey’s Steps to Reflective ThinkingThinking

Felt Need”Felt Need” Define problemDefine problem Establish criteria for Establish criteria for

evaluationevaluation Generate alternativesGenerate alternatives Test alternativesTest alternatives Implement and ControlImplement and Control

Avoiding Groupthink with a Avoiding Groupthink with a “functional group”“functional group”

Symptoms of Groupthink?Symptoms of Groupthink? Examples:Examples:

cultscults

Pearl Harbor and Admiral KimmelPearl Harbor and Admiral Kimmel Avoiding it: VigilanceAvoiding it: Vigilance Functional Group CharacteristicsFunctional Group Characteristics

See you Next Time!See you Next Time!