This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Overview of SKF mounting tools and productsSKF offers a wide assortment of mounting tools and products. For additional information, visit www.mapro.skf.com.
416
13
Induction heaters Portable induction heaters
Electric hot plates Mounting fluid
Hydraulic pumps Hydraulic nuts
Appendix J
417
oil injectors Air-driven hydraulic pumps
Feeler gauges SENSoRMoUNT indicator
Appendices
Anti-fretting agent
418
13
Shaft alignment tools
Thermal printers Belt alignment tools
Machinery shims SKF Vibracon SM elements
Appendix K
Overview of SKF alignment equipmentSKF offers a wide assortment of alignment equipment. For additional information,visit www.mapro.skf.com and www.skf.com/services.
419
Bearing greases and chain oils
Grease packers and grease guns Grease filling pumps
Bearing packers oil handling containers
Appendices
Overview of SKF lubrication tools and productsSKF offers a wide assortment of lubrication products. For additional information, visit www.mapro.skf.com.
SKF also offers an assortment of centralized lubrication systems. For additional information, visit www.skf.com/lubrication.
420
13
Single point automatic lubricators
Multi point automatic lubricators Grease resistant gloves
Grease fittings oil levellers
Grease meters
Appendix L
421
Grease test kits
Compact greasers Battery driven piston pumps KFAS
Lubricating aids with metering distributorPiston pump with block feeder PF-VPBM
Appendices
SKF Lubrication Planner, and grease fitting caps and tags
422
13
SKF general purpose industrial and automotive bearing greaseLGMT 2 is mineral oil based lithium soap thick-ened grease with excellent thermal stability within its operating temperature range. This premium quality, general purpose grease is suitable for a wide range of industrial and automotive applications.
Characteristicsexcellent oxidation stability•good mechanical stability•excellent water resistance and rust inhibiting •properties
Recommended applicationsagricultural equipment•automotive wheel bearings•conveyors•small electric motors•industrial fans•
SKF general purpose industrial and automotive bearing greaseLGMT 3 is mineral oil based lithium soap thick-ened grease. This premium quality, general purpose grease is suitable for a wide range of industrial and automotive applications.
Characteristicsexcellent rust inhibiting properties•high oxidation stability within its recom-•mended temperature range
Recommended applicationsbearings • with a bore diameter > 100 mm outer bearing ring rotation•vertical shaft applications•continuous high ambient temperatures •>35 °C (95 °F)propeller shafts•agricultural equipment•car, truck and trailer wheel bearings•large electric motors•
Appendix M
LGMT 3LGMT 2
423
SKF heavy load, extreme pressure bearing greaseLGEP 2 is mineral oil based lithium soap thick-ened grease with extreme pressure additives. This grease provides good lubrication in operat-ing temperatures ranging from –20 to +110 °C (–5 to +230 °F)
Characteristicsexcellent mechanical stability•extremely good corrosion inhibiting •propertiesexcellent EP performance•
Recommended applicationspulp and paper machines•jaw crushers•dam gates•work roll bearings in steel industry•heavy machinery, vibrating screens•crane wheels, • sheaves
1) Food and Drug Administration2) National Sanitation Foundation3) Incidental contact with food
SKF food compatible bearing greaseLGFP 2 is clean, non-toxic bearing grease, which is based on medical white oil using an aluminium complex soap. This grease is for-mulated using only FDA1) listed ingredients and is authorised by the NSF2) for category H13) service.
Characteristicscompliance with all existing legislation on •food protectionhigh resistance to water washout making it •suitable for applications subject to frequent wash downexcellent grease life•excellent corrosion resistance•an essentially neutral pH value•
SKF high viscosity bearing grease with solid lubricantsLGEM 2 is a premium quality, high viscosity, mineral oil based grease using a lithium soap containing molybdenum disulphide and graphite.
Characteristicsgood lubrication for bearings operating • under heavy loads and slow rotationsafe lubrication due to the inclusion of • molybdenum disulphide and graphite
Recommended applicationsrolling element bearings running at low •speed and very heavy loads jaw crushers•track laying machines•lift mast wheels•building machines such as mechanical rams, •crane arms and crane hooks
SKF extremely high viscosity bearing grease with solid lubricantsLGEV 2 is a premium quality, extremely high viscosity, mineral oil based grease using a lithium-calcium soap containing molybdenum disulphide and graphite.
Characteristicsexcellent lubrication properties due to the •inclusion of molybdenum disulphide and graphite solidvery suitable for lubricating • large spherical roller bearings subject to heavy loads and slow rotation, a situation where microslip is likely to occurextremely mechanically stable providing •good water resistance and corrosion protection
Recommended applicationstrunnion bearings on rotating drums•support and thrust rollers on rotary kilns •and dryersbucket wheel excavators•slewing ring bearings•high pressure roller mills•crushers•
Appendix M
LGEM 2 LGEV 2
425
SKF low temperature, extremely high speed bearing greaseLGLT 2 is premium quality, fully synthetic oil based grease using lithium soap. Its unique thickener technology and its low viscosity oil (PAO) provide excellent lubrication performance at low temperatures (–50 °C (–60 °F)) and extremely high speeds, n dm values of 1,6¥106 can be reached.
Characteristicslow • frictional momentlow level of power loss •quiet running • behaviourextremely good oxidation stability and • resistance to water
Recommended applicationstextile spinning spindles•machine tool spindles•instruments and control equipment•small electric motors used in medical •and dental equipmentin-line skates•printing cylinders•robots•
SKF green biodegradable bearing greaseLGGB 2 is biodegradable, low toxicity, synthetic ester oil based grease using a lithium-calcium thickener. It has excellent lubrication properties for a wide range of applications operating under different conditions.
Characteristicscompliance with current regulations on • toxicity and biodegradabilitygood performance in applications with •steel-on-steel spherical plain bearings, ball and roller bearingsgood low temperature start-up performance•good corrosion inhibiting properties•suitable for medium to • heavy loads
Recommended applicationsagricultural and forestry equipment•construction and earthmoving equipment•mining and conveying equipment•water treatment and irrigation•locks, dams, bridges•linkages, rod ends•other applications where contamination •of the environment is a concern
Appendices
LGGB 2LGLT 2
426
13
SKF extreme pressure (EP) low temperature bearing greaseLGWM 1 is a mineral oil based grease using a lithium soap and containing extreme pressure additives. It is very suitable for the lubrication of bearings operating under both radial and axial loads, e.g. transport screws.
Characteristicsgood oil film formation at low temperatures •down to –30 °C (–20 °F)good pumpability at low temperature•good corrosion protection•good water resistance•
SKF heavy load, wide temperature bearing greaseLGWM 2 has been developed for lubrication under a wide temperature range, heavy loads and wet environments. LGWM 2 is a synthetic-mineral oil based grease using the latest com-plex calcium sulphonate thickener technology. LGWM 2 is suitable for temperatures down to –40 °C (–40 °F).
Characteristicsexcellent corrosion protection•excellent mechanical stability•excellent • heavy load lubricating capacitygood false brinelling protection•good pumpability down to low temperatures•
SKF heavy load, extreme pressure (EP), wide temperature range bearing greaseLGWA 2 is premium quality mineral oil based lithium complex grease with extreme pressure (EP) performance. LGWA 2 has such properties that it can be recommended for a wide range of industrial and automotive applications.
Characteristicsexcellent lubrication at peak temperatures •up to 220 °C (430 °F) for short periodsprotection of wheel bearings operating • under severe conditionseffective lubrication in wet conditions•good water and corrosion resistance•excellent lubrication under • heavy loads and low speeds
Recommended applicationswheel bearings in cars, trailers and trucks•washing machines•electric • motors
SKF heavy load, high temperature, high viscosity bearing greaseLGHB 2 is a premium quality, high viscosity, mineral oil based grease using the latest com-plex calcium, sulphonate soap technology. This grease contains no additives and the extreme pressure characteristics are created within the soap structure.
Characteristicsexcellent anti-oxidation and anti-corrosion •propertiesgood EP performance in applications running •at heavy loads
Recommended applicationssteel on steel plain bearings•pulp and paper machines•asphalt vibrating screens•continuous casting machines•sealed spherical roller bearings operating •up to 150 °C (300 °F)withstands peak temperatures of • 200 °C (390 °F)work roll bearings in steel industry•mast rollers of fork lift • trucks
Appendices
LGWA 2 LGHB 2
428
13
SKF high performance, high temperature bearing greaseLGHP 2 is premium quality mineral oil based grease, using a modern polyurea (di-urea) thickener. It is suitable for ball (and roller) bearings required to run extremely quiet, operating at a wide temperature range from –40 to +150 °C (–40 to +300 °F), at medium to high speeds.
Characteristicsextremely long life at high temperature•wide temperature range•excellent corrosion protection•high thermal stability•good low temperature start-up performance•compatibility with common • polyurea greasescompatibility with lithium complex thickened •greaseslow noise • level characteristicsvery good mechanical stability•
Recommended applicationselectric motors: small, medium and large•industrial fans, including • high-speed fanswater pumps•rolling bearings in textile, paper processing •and drying machinesapplications with • high-speed ball bearings operating at medium and high temperaturesclutch release bearings•kiln trucks and rollers•vertical shaft • applications
SKF high temperature, extreme condition bearing greaseLGET 2 is premium quality, synthetic fluorinated oil based grease using a PTFE thickener. It has excellent lubrication properties at extremely high temperatures exceeding 200 to 260 °C (300 to 500 °F).
Characteristicslong life in aggressive environments such as •very reactive environments or areas with a presence of high purity gaseous oxygen or hexaneexcellent oxidation resistance•good corrosion resistance•excellent water and steam resistance•
VL = very low, L = low, M = moderate, H = high, VH = very high, EH = extremely high
1) LTL = low temperature limit, HTPL = high temperature performance limit 2) mm2/s at 40 °C (105 °F) = cSt3) LGGB 2 can withstand peak temperatures of 120 °C (250 °F)4) LGWA 2 can withstand peak temperatures of 220 °C (430 °F)5) LGHB 2 can withstand peak temperatures of 200 °C (400 °F)
Appendices
SKF bearing grease selection chart
Desig- nation
Temp Speed Load Description Temperature range1) Thickener/ base oil
Base oil viscosity2)
LTL HTPL
– – – – – °C (°F) – mm2/s
M M L to M General purpose industrial and automotive
–30 (–20) +120 (+250) Lithium soap / mineral oil
110
M M L to M General purpose industrial and automotive
–30 (–20) +120 (+250) Lithium soap / mineral oil
120
M L to M H Extreme pressure –20 (–5) +110 (+230) Lithium soap / mineral oil
200
M M L to M Food compatible –20 (–5) +110 (+230) Aluminium complex / medical white oil
130
M VL H to VH High viscosity with solid lubricants
–20 (–5) +120 (+250) Lithium soap / mineral oil
500
M VL H to VH Extremely high viscosity with solid lubricants
–10 (+15) +120 (+250) Lithium-calcium soap / mineral oil
1 020
L to M M to EH L Low temperature, extremely high speed
–50 (–60) +110 (+230) Lithium soap / PAO oil
18
L to M L to M M to H Green biodegradable, low toxicity3)
M to H L to M L to H Wide temperature4), extreme pressure
–30 (–20) +140 (+285) Lithium complex soap / mineral oil
185
M to H VL to M H to VH EP high viscosity, high temperature5)
–20 (–5) +150 (+300) Calcium complex sulphonate / mineral oil
400
M to H M to H L to M High performance polyurea grease
–40 (–40) +150 (+300) Di-urea / mineral oil
96
VH L to M H to VH Extreme temperature –40 (–40) +260 (+500) PTFE/synthetic (fluorinated polyether)
400
Vertical shaft
Fast outer ring rotation
oscillating movements
Severe vibration
Shock loads or frequent start-up
Low noise level
Low friction Rust inhibiting properties
– – – – – – – –
o - - + - - o +
+ o - + - - o o
o - o + + - - +
o - - - - - o +
o - + + + - - +
o - + + + - - +
o - - - o + + o
o - + + + - o o
- - + - + - - +
o o + + + - - +
o o o o + - o +
o + + + + - - +
+ - - o o + o +
o + + o o - - o
LGMT 2
LGMT 3
LGEP 2
LGFP 2
LGEM 2
LGEV 2
LGLT 2
LGGB 2
LGWM 1
LGWM 2
LGWA 2
LGHB 2
LGHP 2
LGET 2
431
Thermometers
Electronic stethoscopes Endoscopes
Thermal imagers Stroboscopes
Appendices
Overview of SKF basic condition monitoring instrumentsSKF offers a wide assortment of basic con-dition monitoring instruments. For additional information, visit www.mapro.skf.com or www.skf.com/cm.
For information about advanced condition monitoring instruments and on-line monitor-ing systems, visit www.skf.com/cm.
imperial gallon 1 l 0,22 gallon 1 gallon 4,5461 lU.S. gallon 1 l 0,2642 U.S. gallon 1 U.S. gallon 3,7854 l
Velocity, speed foot per second 1 m/s 3,28 ft/s 1 ft/s 0,30480 m/smile per hour 1 km/h 0,6214 mile/h (mph) 1 mile/h (mph) 1,609 km/h
Mass ounce 1 g 0,03527 oz 1 oz 28,350 gpound 1 kg 2,205 lb 1 lb 0,45359 kgshort ton 1 tonne 1,1023 short ton 1 short ton 0,90719 tonnelong ton 1 tonne 0,9842 long ton 1 long ton 1,0161 tonne
Density pound per cubic inch 1 g/cm3 0,0361 lb/cub.in 1 lb/cub.in 27,680 g/cm3
Force pound-force 1 N 0,225 lbf 1 lbf 4,4482 N
Pressure, stress pounds per square inch 1 MPa 145 psi 1 psi 6,8948 ¥ 103 Pa
Moment inch pound-force 1 Nm 8,85 in.lbf 1 in.lbf 0,113 Nm
Power foot-pound per second 1 W 0,7376 ft lbf/s 1 ft lbf/s 1,3558 Whorsepower 1 kW 1,36 HP 1 HP 0,736 kW
greasing on initial installation 191types and designs 12, 18
HMV.. nuts See hydraulic nutsHNBR See acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbershollow shafts 34–35hook spanners 102–103hot dismounting See dismounting bearings, using heathot mounting 68–71
441
Index
housings dismounting 278–283greasing on initial installation 190identification 27mounting 122–139terminology 11types and designs 125–127
hubs See wheel hubshumidity
when storing bearings and units 41when storing elastomer seals 42when storing lubricants 43
hydraulic nuts for dismounting bearings 262, 266for SKF Drive-up method 56, 406–413series and designs 73
hydraulic pumps for SKF Drive-up method 56selection guide 72
before and after mounting 29, 51considerations for fit selection 33initial 29, 51measuring with a feeler gauge 52operational 29reduction values when mounting 403–404residual values after mounting 403–404troubleshooting 233, 234, 239–242values prior to mounting 388–401
ISO bearing damage classification 298contamination classification 212dimension series 22–23tolerance classes 35tolerance grades 385viscosity grades 203, 415
Kkeyways 150, 152kiln bearings 182kinematic viscosity See viscosity
Llabyrinth seals 39
grease replenishment 196greasing on initial installation 190installation in plummer block housings 136trouble conditions 238
large diameter wear sleeves 225installation 152–153
laser alignment methods for belt alignment 176–177for offset drive alignment 175for shaft alignment 171–173
leaks 222troubleshooting 236, 238–239, 245
life See bearing lifelifting tackle 50, 68liquid contaminants 212
dimensions for ducts, grooves and holes 405for dismounting a bearing from a solid housing 268for dismounting a bearing on a cylindrical shaft seat 258for dismounting a bearing on a tapered shaft seat 260for dismounting a bearing on a withdrawal sleeve 266for dismounting a bearing on an adapter sleeve 264for mounting bearings 62–66
oil injectors 72oil jet 208
oil change interval 209oil leakage 182
troubleshooting 236oil level gauge 137, 139oil lubrication 203–212oil lubrication systems 207–209oil pick-up ring 207–208
in SONL housings 137–139oil change interval 209
oil pressure calculation for SKF Drive-up method 58values for SKF Drive-up method 406–413
oil separation See oil bleedingoil spot See oil-airoil-air 207–208
caused by defective seats 302–303path patterns 296–297troubleshooting 241
out-of-square caused by defective seats 302caused by static misalignment 304troubleshooting 251
oval clamping See out-of-roundoverheating 233overload 298–299
caused by faulty mounting practices 305caused by incorrect transportation or storage 308
over-rolling 231bearing defect frequencies 224
oxidation of grease 187prevention 81, 185, 203resulting in corrosion 299
oxidized lubricant 226, 254
Ppaint
on support surfaces 130, 161, 165seal protection 150
particle counting 212path patterns 291–297perpendicularity 36, 386pick-up ring See oil pick-up ringpillow block See plummer blockpinching See out-of-roundplastic deformation 298–299
at high temperatures 142compatibility 202designation suffix for seals 145radial shaft seals 143, 146, 150
pullers for dismounting a bearing from a solid housing 267–269for dismounting a bearing on a cylindrical shaft seat 256–257for dismounting a bearing on a tapered shaft seat 260for dismounting flanged housings 282
pulley alignment See belt alignmentpulling plates 260pumps
for SKF Drive-up method 56selection guide 72
purging during relubrication 196during renewal 199trouble conditions 239
measuring with a feeler gauge 52reduction values when mounting 403–404residual values after mounting 403–404values for angular contact ball bearings 389–390values for CARB toroidal roller bearings 399–400values for cylindrical roller bearings 393values for deep groove ball bearings 388values for four-point contact ball bearings 391values for needle roller bearings 393values for self-aligning ball bearings 392values for spherical roller bearings 397–398values for Y-bearings 401
radial shaft seals cleaning 146installation into a housing 146–149installation over a shaft 150replacement 151types and designs 143–145
radiators See infrared radiatorsrating life 27–28reactive maintenance 218–219recommended fits See fitsreference temperature 203refurbishment 331reheat furnaces 182reliability engineering 327relieved fillets 38
dimensions 387relubrication 192–198
effect on temperature 221of sealed bearings 90, 192
SKF traffic light concept 186–187SKF V2F rating 188SKF Vibracon SM elements 162–165SKF WAVE seal lip 143skidding See smearingsliding See smearingslotted elements See chockssmearing
resulting in adhesive wear 301, 312troubleshooting 244, 247