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►Simple packet data protocol for lightweight wireless networks
• Global standard-based solution released in May 2003Technology in mass production since 200335 million units shipped through 2008Variety of sourcesFreescale #1 since 2006
• Defines the physical (PHY) and data (MAC) layers►Becoming the foundation for many protocol
stacks• ZigBee® technology, WirelessHART™ technology, ISA
As mentioned previously, 802.15.4 was first released in 2003. While the specification defines 3 bands, 868, 900 and 2.4, it is the latter 2.4GHz band that is most popular due to the global availability of the 2.4Ghz ISM band. The AES128 bit encryption is considered sufficient by most applications in this space today, while the key exchange is defined at the higher layers of the stack and not 802.15.4. It has a very simple frame structure that provides a maximum payload of around 100 bytes (again, typical of the small amount of data required for these applications). It was also designed with reliability in mind and uses CSMA-CA, message acknowledgement, energy detection and Link Quality to help ensure this reliable data delivery. From a networking standpoint, it uses IEEE 64 bit addresses for the physical device and 16 bit address when joining the network, supports multiple network types, such as peer-to-peer and star and can support both non-beaconed networks as well as beaconed networks when a more deterministic delivery with a certain amount of QOS is required.
While there are a number of way to differentiate between the stack, one of the easies way it complexity and interoperability of the stack. We will look at these stacks in more details.
►Best-in-class platform• Freescale #1 for 2008 with 61% market share (In-Stat 2008 report)• Complete lineup of IC offerings
RF-IC, system-in-package (SiP) and platform-in-package (PiP), MCUs and sensors
• Robust software offeringBased on stable 802.15.4 implementationScalable protocol stack (SMAC, 802.15.4 MAC, Synkro™ and BeeStack™)
• BeeKit™ simplifies network development• Reference designs and documentation
Provide extensive documentation and reference design
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Partner examples Modules – Digi, LSR, CEL, - various by region FCC certification – LSR Compliance ZigBee Training – San Juan Software For complete list go to http://www.freescale.com/webapp/sps/site/overview.jsp?nodeId=01J4Fs25651322
Memory-upgradeable and pin-compatible MCUs and RF ICs
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Before we get into the specific Freescale offerings, I want to spend some time on the protocols stacks. Freescale's hardware is based on an fully compliant 802.15.4 stack and is scalable to support a number of protocol stacks. We will talk about these in more details in the coming slides, but the key difference is the amount of network development required and the amount of memory required to run the stack. The underlining hardware to run the stack scales from SMAC to ZigBee.
►Simple point-to-point solution• Perfect for small low-cost applications using
4-8 KB• Easily portable to other Freescale MCUs• Supports point-to-point and star networks
with repeaters
►Broad portfolio of ICs• MC13201 and MC13202• MC13211, MC13212, and MC13213• MC13224
►Applications• Cable replacement• Simple remote control• Toys and games
Star
Full Function Device (FFD, Router)
PAN coordinator (PANC)
Reduced Function Device (RFD)
Example Communication Path
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Simple MAC functions on a small memory foot print, 4-8KB. SMAC solutions are easily ported to a variety of Freescale MCUs, including HCS08, ColdFire, and Power PC. SMAC is optimized for low cost, point-to-point, and star networks. The simple MAC is available in source code with nine sample applications. When should I consider use of the Simple MAC? For low cost applications such as: Cable replacement Simple remote control Toys and games SMAC offers a small memory footprint, 4-8 KB for simple designs. Designs using the SMAC are easily ported to different Freescale MCUs – including HCS08, ColdFire, and PowerPC microcontrollers. The simple MAC is optimized for point-to-point and star networks with optional repeaters. it also has the functionality of security and over-the-air programming Freescale offers a broad portfolio of IC’s including… Stand alone transceivers (MC1320x series) System in package (MC1321x series) Platform in Package (MC1322x series) SMAC is the portfolio’s lowest cost solution. The simple MAC is available with source code for nine sample applications. Applications include – cable replacement, simple remote control, and wireless toys and games
Proprietary Solution: Simple Media Access Controller (SMAC)
►Feature highlights• Portfolio’s lowest cost solution• Perfect for small applications using 4-8KB MCUs
►Enhanced compatibility• Native support for HCS08GB/GT family• Guide for porting to HCS08QD4 and other low- end
MCUs available on Q4• Easy portability to custom hardware
►Cost-efficient solution• Lower development tools’ cost: compatible with
CodeWarrior Special Edition and IAR Eval. license
►Simple but powerful• Proprietary point-to-point and star networks with optional
repeaters• Security and over-the-air programming functionality
►When to design in• Simple point-to-point or star/extended star topologies• Cable replacement• Lowest cost• Proprietary
Simple Wireless
Connectivity
MCU RFIC
PHY Layer
S-MAC
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Simple MAC functions on a small memory foot print, 4-8KB. SMAC solutions are easily ported to a variety of Freescale MCUs, including HCS08, ColdFire, and Power PC. SMAC is optimized for low cost, point-to-point, and star networks. The simple MAC is available in source code with nine sample applications. When should I consider use of the Simple MAC? For low cost applications such as: Cable replacement Simple remote control Toys and games
• Fully compliant IEEE 802.15.4 MAC proprietary solution
• Peer-to-peer, star, mesh and cluster tree networks
►Broad portfolio of ICs• MC13202• MC13212 and MC13213• MC13224
►Applications• Control• Automation• Meter reading
Full Function Device (FFD, Router)
PAN coordinator (PANC)
Reduced Function Device (RFD)
Tree
Example Communication Path
Presenter
Presentation Notes
THE IEEE 802.15.4 MAC solution is suitable for simple to very complex networks that do not require end product interoperability. It supports the full breadth of network topologies including peer-to-peer, star, mesh, and cluster-tree. The 802.15.4 MAC from Freescale is well-suited for control and monitoring applications. A collision avoidance algorithm ensures robust communications in the often noisy 2.4 GHz environment. To protect communication data, the standard includes AES128 encryption and authentication. When should I consider use of the 802.15.4 MAC? For applications such as: Wireless control Automation and Meter Reading
►Network attributes• Peer-to-peer, star and mesh/cluster-
tree networks• Robust communication and timing-
critical protocol• Network standard not needed• Interoperability not needed
►Processors supported• HCS08• ARM7 TDMI-S™
►When to design in• Peer-to-peer, star, and mesh/cluster-
tree topologies • Simple to very complex networks• Wireless control, automation, and meter
reading• Proprietary
MCU RFIC
802.15.4 PHY
802.15.4 MAC
802.15.4 Solution
Presenter
Presentation Notes
THE IEEE 802.15.4 MAC solution is suitable for simple to very complex networks that do not require end product interoperability. It supports the full breadth of network topologies including peer-to-peer, star, mesh, and cluster-tree. The 802.15.4 MAC from Freescale is well-suited for control and monitoring applications. A collision avoidance algorithm ensures robust communications in the often noisy 2.4 GHz environment. To protect communication data, the standard includes AES128 encryption and authentication. When should I consider us of the 802.15.4 MAC? For applications such as: Wireless control Automation and Meter Reading
►Lightweight networks• Provides the complete network
stack optimized for lightweight networks
• Subset of IEEE 802.15.4• Low cost• Robust
►Broad portfolio of ICs• MC13213• MC13224
►Applications• Cable replacement• Wireless control
Full Function Device
Reduced Function Device
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Freescale provides SynkroRF a standardized networking layer for light weight networks. SynkroRF is a subset of IEEE 802.15.4 optimized for ease of implementation for small to medium networks. SynkroRF emphasizes long battery life for end-nodes. SynkroRF includes support for: interference avoidance channel agility and low latency transmission to minimize impact of high duty cycle interference When should I consider SynkroRF? For applications such as: Cable replacement Wireless control
The newest protocol stack from Freescale is SynkroRF. It provides a standardized networking layer for cost sensitive consumer electronic products. SynkroRF eliminates the line-of-sight issues historically experienced with IR remote control. As well, the back lighting from newer plasma televisions interferes with IR signals. SynkroRF eliminates these issues and extends battery life. The unique pairing capability allows bi-directional communication from remote to device, or device to device. Additional features of SynkroRF include support for: modified star networks interference avoidance channel agility and low latency transmission to minimize impact of high duty cycle interference for any light weight network When should I consider SynkroRF? For applications such as: RF remote control Home control Monitoring and Consumer electronic remotes
►Remote and home control• Provides a standardized RF
networking layer for consumer electronics products
• Emphasis on robustness and ease of use
• Essential functionality to build and support a consumer electronics network
►Broad portfolio of ICs• MC13213• MC13224
►Applications• RF remote control• Home entertainment and control• Home automation
Full Function Device
Reduced Function Device
Presenter
Presentation Notes
RF4CE provides a standardized networking layer for cost sensitive consumer electronic products. It eliminates the line-of-sight issues historically experienced with IR remote control. As well, the back lighting from newer plasma televisions interferes with IR signals. RF4CE resolves these issues and extends battery life. The unique pairing capability allows bi-directional communication from remote to device, or device to device. Support for interoperability and secure communications When should I consider RF4CE? For applications such as: RF remote control (IR replacement) Home entertainment and control Home automation
consumer electronics• Complete network stack• Provides channel agility and low
latency options• Simple device pairing
►Enhanced compatibility• Standards-based• Black box and API approaches
available
►When to design in• Need a standard-based solution for
consumer RF remote control
Applications
MCU RFIC
802.15.4 PHY
802.15.4 MAC
ECP Network
ZigBee RF4CE
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The newest protocol stack from Freescale is SynkroRF. It provides a standardized networking layer for cost sensitive consumer electronic products. SynkroRF eliminates the line-of-sight issues historically experienced with IR remote control. As well, the back lighting from newer plasma televisions interferes with IR signals. SynkroRF eliminates these issues and extends battery life. The unique pairing capability allows bi-directional communication from remote to device, or device to device. Additional features of SynkroRF include support for: modified star networks interference avoidance channel agility and low latency transmission to minimize impact of high duty cycle interference for any light weight network When should I consider SynkroRF? For applications such as: RF remote control Home control Monitoring and Consumer electronic remotes
• Mesh networking and interoperability• Self-forming, self-healing mesh
networking• Secure (supports AES-128 encryption)
►Broad portfolio of ICs• MC13202 + S08 QE128• MC13224
►Applications• Home automation• Smart energy• Building control• Retail services• Health care
Mesh
Full Function Device (FFD, Router)
PAN Coordinator (PANC)
Reduced Function Device (RFD)
Example Communication Path (FFD)
Presenter
Presentation Notes
For ZigBee and ZigBee Pro designs, Freescale offers the BeeStack. ZigBee is optimized for networks that require mesh networking and end product interoperability. BeeStack requires less memory because MAC features are implemented in ROM. This means more Flash memory space for application code than competitive alternatives. BeeStack supports standard profiles such as: Home Automation Smart Energy and Commercial Building Automation BeeStack is provided in header files and libraries, called CodeBases, which promote rapid design. When should I consider BeeStack? For interoperable applications such as: Home automation Smart energy Building automation Security Patient monitoring Actuator and Sensor applications
►Feature highlights• ZigBee-compliant platform• Supports star, tree, & mesh networks• Established routing algorithm• Network formation, recovery, and
healing• Device interoperability via standard
profilesHome Automation (HA) Smart Energy (SE)
• Designed for small to large networks
►When to design in• Mesh networking• Interoperability• Low power• Robust
…
APS
P31 ZDOP1
MCU RFIC
802.15.4 PHY
802.15.4 MAC
ZigBee NWK
ZigBee 2007
Presenter
Presentation Notes
For ZigBee and ZigBee Pro designs, Freescale offers the BeeStack. ZigBee is optimized for networks that require mesh networking and end product interoperability. BeeStack requires less memory because MAC features are implemented in ROM. This means more Flash memory space for application code than competitive alternatives. BeeStack supports standard profiles such as: Home Automation Smart Energy and Commercial Building Automation BeeStack is provided in header files and libraries, called CodeBases, which promote rapid design. When should I consider BeeStack? For interoperable applications such as: Home automation Smart energy Building automation Security Patient monitoring Actuator and Sensor applications
►Features:• 802.15.4-compliant 2.4 GHz RF transceiver• Auto-trim feature for crystal accuracy • Programmable from -27 dBm to +3 dBm • RX sensitivity of -92 dBm• Integrated transmit/receive switch • Power supply range: 2.0 to 3.4 V • Multiple low power modes
< 1 µA off current • Programmable frequency clock output for
MCU • 7 general purpose input/output ports (GPIO) • Operating temperature range: -40°C to 85°C • Small form factor 5x5 mm QFN-32 package • Meets Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) 3 • 260°C peak reflow temperature • Restriction of Hazardous Substances
(RoHS)-compliant
RFIC Timers
Digital ControlLogic
AnalogReceiver
FrequencyGenerator
AnalogTransmitter
Buffer RAM
RAMArbiter
VoltageRegulators
IRQArbiter
PowerManagement
Dig
ital T
rans
ceiv
er
Tx/Rx Switch
MC1320X
Features MC13201 MC13202
Protocol Stack SMAC SMACIEEE 802.15.4ZigBee
Sensitivity -91 dBm -92 dBm
Data Mode Packet Streaming and Packet
2009 1K SRP $2.01 $2.36
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Freescale Semiconductor’s second-generation ZigBee™-ready platform is a 2.4 GHz radio frequency transceiver in a 5 x 5 x 1 mm 32-pin QFN package. The MC1320x series is an IEEE® 802.15.4-compliant radio operating in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. This family of radio offerings can scale from simple point-to-point networks to a complete ZigBee mesh network.
►MC1320x is the ideal platform for SMAC and IEEE 802.15.4• Fully compliant RF transceiver operating in the 2.4 GHz frequency band• Provides the foundation for an easy-to-implement proprietary solution
►Integrated TX/RX switch• Lowers the component count and system cost while multiple low power modes
decrease the system power consumption
►SPI interface to MCU• The MC1320x can easily connect with Freescale’s vast portfolio of MCUs
►MC1320x features• The MC1320x features help make this an ideal solution for cost-sensitive,
energy-efficient sensing and control applications
Presenter
Presentation Notes
MC1320X RF Transceiver Freescale’s MC1320X fully compliant 802.15.4 transceiver includes an integrated TX/RX switch that lowers the component count and system cost while multiple low power modes decrease the system power consumption. These features help make this an ideal solution for cost-sensitive, energy-efficient sensing and control applications. Through an SPI interface, the MC1320X can easily connect with Freescale’s vast portfolio of MCUs, including the Flexis™ family of devices. • Fully compliant 802.15.4, 2.4 GHz transceiver • Integrated TX/RX switch • SPI interface to MCU • 5 x 5 32-pin QFN
► MCU Features• 40 MHz HCS08 low-voltage, low-power core • Flash and memory dependent on part • Multiple 16-bit timers • Up to 38 GPIO • 8-bit port keyboard interrupt (KBI) • 8-channel 10-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) • SCI interface supports up to 115.2 kBaud • I2C with 100 kbps maximum bus loading • Low-voltage detection • In-circuit debug and Flash programming • Common on-chip processor (COP) watchdog timer
► RF Features• 802.15.4 compliant 2.4 GHz RF transceiver• Auto-trim feature for crystal accuracy • Programmable from -27 dBm to +3 dBm • RX sensitivity of -92 dBm• Integrated transmit/receive switch
► Features• -40 to +85 degrees C operating temperature • 2V to 3.4V• Low external component count • 9x9x1 mm 71-pin LGA package • RoHS compliant
RFIC Timers
Digital ControlLogic
AnalogReceiver
FrequencyGenerator
AnalogTransmitter
Buffer RAM
RAMArbiter
VoltageRegulators
IRQArbiter
PowerManagement
Dig
ital T
rans
ceiv
er
Tx/Rx Switch
HCS08 CPU
FLASH Memory
RAM
Low Voltage Interrupt
InternalClock Gen
Background Debug Module
8-ch10-bitADC
2 x SCI
IIC
16-bitTimers
COP
Keyboard Interrupt
Up
to 3
9 G
PIO
Features MC13211 MC13212 MC13213
Protocol Stack SMAC SMACIEEE 802.15.4
SMAC IEEE 802.15.4 SynkroRFZigBee
Memory 16 KB Flash 1KB RAM
32 KB Flash2 KB RAM
60 KB Flash 4KB RAM
2010 1K SRP $2.94 $3.21 $3. 52
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Freescale Semiconductor’s second-generation ZigBee® compliant platform combines an IEEE® 802.15.4-compliant radio and an 8-bit MCU into a 9 x 9 x 1 mm 64-pin LGA package The MC1321x Family encompasses a series of devices that are memory scalable to fit the needs of the application. Each device includes a Freescale MC9S08GT-based MCU with up to 60 KB of Flash and 2.4 GHz 802.15.4 transceiver. Regardless of the application’s requirements, which may range from simple point-to-point connectivity to ZigBee mesh networks, the MC1321x devices scale to meet them.
►MC1321x is the ideal platform for SMAC, IEEE 802.15.4, SynkroRF, and RF4CE
• Low-cost solution for applications that do not require full ZigBee mesh networks• Fully compliant 802.15.4 platform integrates the MC13202 2.4 GHz transceiver
with the MC9S08GT MCU to provide a single package solution
►Memory scalability • Three flash memory configurations are available to optimize solution costs
based on application needs
►Integrates MC9S08GT MCU • The system in package (SiP) integrates an 8-bit HCS08 MCU with a low voltage
and a low power core, further reducing the size and cost of the MC1321x solution
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Freescale’s MC1321X SiP, integrates the MC13202 2.4 GHz transceiver with the MC9S08GT MCU to provide a single package solution. It provides the benefits of the MC13202 transceiver with a low-power 8-bit MCU to further reduce the size and cost of the solution over a similar 2-chip implementation. Three flash memory configurations are available to optimize solution costs based on application needs. • Up to 60 KB flash and 4 KB RAM MC13211: 16 KB flash, 1 KB RAM MC13212: 32 KB flash, 2 KB RAM MC13213: 60 KB flash, 4 KB RAM • Fully compliant IEEE 802.15.4 platform • Receive sensitivity of -92 dBm • 9 x 9 64-pin LGA package
The MC1322x family is a perfect for more complex industrial and commercial networks, theoretically up to 65,000 nodes. Just as successfully, however, the family can support the simplest of point-to-point networks. The Platform in a Package (PiP) family offers the essential integrated features needed to support such a wide breadth of networks including… a highly functional 32-bit ARM7 TDMI CPU wireless transceiver with low power requirements 128 KB of FLASH memory, 80 KB of ROM and 96 KB of RAM. The solution offers more available FLASH memory than similar products on the market. MAC accelerator (MAC A) and device drivers in ROM Peripherals - 12-bit ADC, timer module, clock and power management, SPI, I2C, SSI, I2S, SCI, keyboard interface (KBI), and GPIO The MC1322X family offers high performance, low power, and full-function peripherals in an integrated solution to ease design of low cost wireless networks. Integration – Implements a wireless network node in 110 mm2 with the addition of only a crystal and an antenna Lowers total system cost through reduced board space requirements, fewer components in inventory, optimized supply chain cost, and improved reliability with fewer interconnects Provides an extensive set of highly functional peripherals High Performance – Integrates Freescale’s third generation, 2.4GHz transceiver based on a foundation of over 50 years of RF design experience Boosts performance with the integrated 32-bit ARM7 TDMI microcontroller programmable up to 26 MHz. Rx sensitivity -100 dBm (NCD). Reduces MCU overhead with the MAC A (MAC accelerator) Provides more accessible Flash memory with IEEE802.15.4 MAC and drivers in ROM Low Power – Provides for highly flexible operating modes to manage power consumption: reset, hibernate, doze, idle and run Allows designer to scale transmit power for implementation of low cost, battery operated end nodes which achieve aggressive power budgets Up to 50% power consumption reduction compared to other solutions in the market today
►MC13224 is the ideal platform for ZigBee• Flexible memory configuration provides enough memory to run the complete
stack and application profile►RAM-based part allows firmware to be upgraded without external storage
such as EEPROM• Can update Flash directly
►Lower RX and TX power consumption lowers ZigBee power budget requirements
• Ideal for battery-powered applications as well as main-powered applications where power budget is low
►Highly integrated package reduces design time and cost• Reduces design complexity through reduced integrated RF front end• Reduces total cost through lower component inventories, less board space, etc.
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Freescale’s latest addition has changed the Market dynamics for short range wireless ICs. The MC13224 PiP is a quantum leap in reduced power and integration technology, trimming solution size and power consumption by up to 50 percent. A hardware accelerator reduces the load on the CPU, allowing the radio to perform many operations without interrupting the MCU. In addition, a combination of ROM, RAM and flash memory positions this IC as the ideal solution for more complicated networks such as ZigBee technology. The MC13224 PiP integrates performance and simplicity to provide customers with the ultimate platform for 802.15.4 development. • MC13224—9.5 x 5.5, 99-pin LGA • Fully compliant IEEE 802.15.4 platform • -96 dBm to -100 dBm sensitivity • 0 RF matching component simplifies design while reducing cost • Hardware acceleration for 802.15.4 functions • 32-bit ARM7TDMI-S CPU up to 26 MHz • -40°C to +105°C operating temperature
The 1320x-QE128-EVB provides a flexible development platform based on the MC13202 RFIC and the HCS08QE128 MCU. This is an ideal platform for developing 802.15.4 and ZigBeeTM applications that require more memory then the MC1321x family. With 128K of Flash and 8K of RAM, the QE128 provides plenty of memory for the network stack and application. The development boards have an LCD display, pushbuttons, headers, connectors and LEDs and can be programmed via the BDM programming/debug port, providing a flexible development platform. The BeeKit Wireless Connectivity Toolkit v 1.6.1 supports the 1320x-QE128-EVB for SMAC, 802.15.4 and BeeStack development.��The 1320x-QE128-DSK pulls everything together in a simple and cost effective development kit. The kit come with everything you need to get started, including hardware boards, cables, batteries, power adapters, software and sample applications. The boards are pre-programmed to provide a ZigBee dimmable light application.
► BeeKit provides customers an exceptional development tool which offers a simplified implementation of Freescale 802.15.4 based technologies including SMAC, 802.15.4 MAC, SynkroRF, ZigBee RF4CE, ZigBee & ZigBee Pro.
• FeaturesGraphical user interface (GUI) for creating, modifying and updating wireless networking implementationsComprehensive code base of wireless networking libraries, application templates and sample applicationsAutomated validation of configuration parametersGeneration of workspace files to be imported into an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for continued development and debuggingEasily scalable to support new code bases and functionsComplementary tool to CodeWarrior (CW) or IAR EWARM IDEs for MCU development
• BenefitsProvides a cost-effective wireless design solutionReduces complexity of wireless implementationAllows focus on MCU application software via complementary IDEEases start up time and reduces tool learning curveGets you to market fastBacked by premier design support
►One size does not fit all for monitoring and control applications• Need to look at key requirements such as cost, complexity, interoperability, etc.• 802.15.4 offers a solid foundation
►Freescale offers a scalable platform to meet the specific needs of the application
• SMAC, 802.15.4 MAC, SynkroRF™ and ZigBee®►Freescale offers a best-in-class platform
• Complete lineup of IC offeringsTransceivers, MCUs, SiPs and PiPs
• Robust software offeringScalable protocol stack (SMAC, 802.15.4 MAC and BeeStack)
• BeeKit™ simplifies network development• Reference designs and documentation
Provide extensive documentation and reference design• Premier development tools
Comprehensive and flexible development kit offering with “15 minute” out of box experience
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Freescale offers a scalable platform to meet the specific needs of the application - SMAC 802.15.4 MAC SynkroRF™ ZigBee® Freescale offers a best in class platform complete lineup of IC offerings Transceivers MCUs SiPs (System in Package) PiPs (Platform in Package)