177 Information May 2009 Chinese casting production increased to 31,270,000 tons in 2007, with an increase of 11.3% compared to 28,090,000 tons in 2006. Since 2000, China has been the top producer of castings for eight consecutive years. In 2007, the total casting production in China accounted for over a third of the global total production and was more than the total production of USA, Japan, Germany and South Korea. China is the large country in producing and exporting castings. In 2007, the export volume of various castings from China was 2,774,000 tons, taking up 8.9% of the total casting production in this year, growing by 6.5%, compared to the export volume of 2,604,000 tons in 2006. The total export value of castings in 2007 was US$ 2,464 million, an increase of 13.1% compared to the total export value of US$ 2,179 million in 2006. In 2007, the equipment manufacturing industry grew rapidly in China. Foundry industry as the basis of the equipment manufacturing industry has also made a great progress in investment of technological funds, self-innovation of products and scientific management. Overview of Chinese Casting and Foundry Equipment Import and Export in 2007 China Foundry Association In addition, the quality of castings has shown a significant improvement. Overseas enterprises purchased more high quality and safety critical castings, such as castings for wind turbine, electrical generator and motor, which have gained high recognition. In 2007, the total volume of import castings was 30,400 tons, only 0.1% of the total casting production in China. However, a majority of those castings was either sophisticated, high quality and safety critical castings, or castings in short supply. The manufacturing industry of foundry equipment in China grew fast in 2007. Domestic enterprises continuously improve themselves by introducing, digesting and absorbing advanced technologies. At the same time, by means of self-innovation, the technologies of equipment manufacturing have been updated to a high level. These enterprises provide domestic customers with lots of foundry machinery and mechanical equipment. On the other hand, they are helpful in exporting complete sets of machinery and equipment. 1. Volume and value of castings import and export in China in 2007 The Table 1 lists the volume and value of castings import and export of China in 2007 that comes from China customs statistics. But, some cast products included in some import and export products, for example the cast products in some components and assemblies are not listed in this table. Many of these components are machined cast parts, such as steel frogs, some copper products processed by casting, stamping, die forging or open forging; wheels, brakes and components for railway, locomotive and electrical vehicles; brakes and components for towing vehicles, tractors and mechanical vehicles; parts for various types of compressors; automobile parts; valves (pressure relief valves, oil and air pressure transmission valves, check valves, safety valves and other types valves), taps, faucets and other similar products; industrial aluminum, copper, zinc, magnesium castings and so on. Therefore, in addition to the products described in Table 1 and the above-mentioned parts, there is quite amount of castings imported and exported with the assemblies, machinery and equipment. Especially, the non-ferrous castings imported and exported with the above products, are not listed in customs statistics. According to the customs data of casting import and export, the total volume of export castings in 2007 was 2,774,000 tons, among which industrial and non-industrial grey iron castings had most shares, accounting for 26.7% of the total export castings, followed by pipes and hollow profile products, taking up 21.7% of the total export castings. The average export price was US$ 888.2/ton in 2007, growing by 6.1% compared to US$ 836.8/ton in 2006. The import castings in 2007 were only 30,400 tons in China. The average import price was US$ 3,182.1/ton, which fell slightly compared to US$ 3,260/ton in 2006. 2. Countries and regions for Chinese castings export and import in 2007 According to the customs statistics data, China exported castings to 193 countries and regions and imported castings mainly from South Korea, Germany and Taiwan of China in 2007. Main countries and regions for Chinese casting export and import in 2007 are listed in Table 2. The major countries and regions that Chinese castings exported to are USA, South Korea, Spain, Japan, Italy, Germany, Canada, England, Hong Kong and Taiwan of China and so on. Asia, North America and Europe accounted for over 90% of total export castings.
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177
InformationMay 2009
Chinese casting production increased to 31,270,000 tons in
2007, with an increase of 11.3% compared to 28,090,000
tons in 2006. Since 2000, China has been the top producer
of castings for eight consecutive years. In 2007, the total
casting production in China accounted for over a third of
the global total production and was more than the total
production of USA, Japan, Germany and South Korea.
China is the large country in producing and exporting
castings. In 2007, the export volume of various castings
from China was 2,774,000 tons, taking up 8.9% of the total
casting production in this year, growing by 6.5%, compared
to the export volume of 2,604,000 tons in 2006. The total
export value of castings in 2007 was US$ 2,464 million, an
increase of 13.1% compared to the total export value of US$
2,179 million in 2006. In 2007, the equipment manufacturing
industry grew rapidly in China. Foundry industry as the
basis of the equipment manufacturing industry has also
made a great progress in investment of technological funds,
self-innovation of products and scientific management.
Overview of Chinese Casting and Foundry Equipment Import and Export in 2007
China Foundry Association
In addition, the quality of castings has shown a significant
improvement. Overseas enterprises purchased more high
quality and safety critical castings, such as castings for
wind turbine, electrical generator and motor, which have
gained high recognition. In 2007, the total volume of import
castings was 30,400 tons, only 0.1% of the total casting
production in China. However, a majority of those castings
was either sophisticated, high quality and safety critical
castings, or castings in short supply. The manufacturing
industry of foundry equipment in China grew fast in 2007.
Domestic enterprises continuously improve themselves by
introducing, digesting and absorbing advanced technologies.
At the same time, by means of self-innovation, the
technologies of equipment manufacturing have been
updated to a high level. These enterprises provide domestic
customers with lots of foundry machinery and mechanical
equipment. On the other hand, they are helpful in exporting
complete sets of machinery and equipment.
1. Volume and value of castings import and export in China in 2007
The Table 1 lists the volume and value of castings import
and export of China in 2007 that comes from China customs
statistics. But, some cast products included in some import
and export products, for example the cast products in some
components and assemblies are not listed in this table.
Many of these components are machined cast parts, such
as steel frogs, some copper products processed by casting,
stamping, die forging or open forging; wheels, brakes and
components for railway, locomotive and electrical vehicles;
brakes and components for towing vehicles, tractors and
mechanical vehicles; parts for various types of compressors;
automobile parts; valves (pressure relief valves, oil and air
6 Other continuous billet casters set 296 7,409,637 25,033 8 3,137,664 392,208
Table 4: Quantity and value of import and export of Chinese foundry machinery and equipment
Quantity and value of import and export of Chinese foundry
machinery and equipment in 2007 are listed in following Table
4. It is seen that the exported value was US$ 268,950,934
about 5.8 times that imported value US$ 46,258,163.
181
InformationMay 2009
Foundry Journal Agency
If you are organising a conference or exhibition related to foundry and want to list it in CHINA FOUNDRY journal, please contact chief editor Ge Chenguang by e-mail:[email protected].
For media information to be published in CHINA FOUNDRY journal (quarterly), note: Publication date of journal: February 20 for No.1, May 20 for No. 2, August 20 for No.3, November 20 for No.4 Ad-closing date: February 5 for No.1, May 5 for No. 2, August 5 for No.3, November 5 for No.4
7 Other continuous casters set 875 27,848,326 31,827 827 151,702,045 183,437
8 Other converter, ladle, ingot mould, caster and components kg 107,918,107 268,950,934 1,956,532 46,258,163
5. Analysis on the features of import and export castings and foundry machinery and equipment
Chinese import and export castings and foundry machinery
and equipment have following features:
(a) Low export price and big difference in technical content between import and export castings
The average price of Chinese export castings was US$ 888.2
/ton in 2007, up 6.1% compared to US$ 836.8/ton in 2006.
Although the needs of metal raw materials (pig iron, steel
scrap, etc.) in 2007 rose rapidly and the cost of castings
also increased obviously, the export price of castings had
no big rise and was lower. This is about half-price or less
compared to the price of castings made locally in developed
countries. There is a big gap between Chinese export
prices and import prices, as seen in Table 1. In 2007, the
total import volume of Chinese castings was 1.1% of its
total export volume, but the total import value was 3.9% of
the total export value; and the import price was 3.6 times
more than the export one. According to the categories of
castings in Table 1, the total volume of export castings
were 2,274,000 tons. Industrial and non-industrial grey iron
castings were 740,000 tons, making up 26.7% of the total
export castings. Most of these castings are low technical
content and low value added castings, such as municipal
castings etc., which have a big percentage in export
castings, therefore, decrease the average export price of
castings. In contrast, at the same time, most of import
castings are high technical content, high quality demanded,
complicated high-end and domestic short supply products.
(b) Rapid growth of export foundry machinery and equipment, sharp contrast between import and export prices and big difference in technical content and quality
In 2007, Chinese foundry machinery and equipment
manufacturing industry grew rapidly. According to Table 4,
the gross export value of machinery and equipment was
US$ 407 million in 2007, rising 2.36 times compared to US$
121 million in 2006. Among which, the export value of the
parts of converter, ladle and ingot moulds was US$ 269
million. In 2007, the gross import value of equipment was
US$ 346 million, with a little drop, making up 74.6% of the
gross import value US$ 464 million in 2006. Although the
export of Chinese foundry machinery and equipment grow
rapidly, their average prices still have a big gap compared
with the import prices. In 2007, the average export price of
cold chamber die casting machines was US$ 73,198/set, an
increase of 37% compared to the average export price US$
53,444/set in 2006. However, the average import price of
cold chamber die casting machines was US$ 332,733/set,
4.5 times as much as the average export price. The average
export price of secondary refining equipment in 2007 was
US$ 73,198/set, while the average import price was US$
758,437/set, over 10 times as much as the export price.
As to other equipment, the big gap between the import
and export prices is also significant. As seen from above,
thanks to technology and performance improvements of
Chinese foundry machinery and equipment, the export
price is higher than that in 2006; however, most exports are
general casting equipment. In contrast, most imports are
key, high technical content foundry equipment, the import
price is several times as much as the export price. It shows
that China falls behind other countries in R&D of high-
end foundry equipment, large-scale and comprehensive
performance equipment. Therefore, Chinese foundry
machinery and equipment manufacturing enterprises must
continuously improve their technology and strengthen self-
innovation as well as increase the percent of value-added