1 THE WORLD BANK Eco 2 Cities: Ecological Cities as Economic Cities C tI l t ti &F t A d Concept, Implementation & Future Agenda www.worldbank.org/eco2 Hiroaki Suzuki Lead Urban Specialist Finance, Economic and Urban Department, the World Bank September 12, 2011 Outline Introduction: Eco vs. Eco or Eco2 Eco2 Objective and Integrated Approach Eco2 Cities Examples Eco2 Four Principles Eco2 Four Tools Eco2 Implementation Progress Eco2 Cities Guide for Implementation Eco2 Scale Up through Green Fund Eco2 Research on Integrated Spatial Dev. 2
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THE WORLD BANK
Eco2 Cities: Ecological Cities as Economic CitiesC t I l t ti & F t A dConcept, Implementation & Future Agenda
www.worldbank.org/eco2
Hiroaki Suzuki Lead Urban SpecialistFinance, Economic and Urban Department, the World Bank
September 12, 2011
Outline
Introduction: Eco vs. Eco or Eco2
Eco2 Objective and Integrated Approach
Eco2 Cities Examples
Eco2 Four Principles
Eco2 Four Tools
Eco2 Implementation Progress
Eco2 Cities Guide for Implementation
Eco2 Scale Up through Green Fund
Eco2 Research on Integrated Spatial Dev. 2
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Urbanization Generate Both Economic Growth & Environmental Challenges
New Urban Landscape InvestmentShopping Mall
Increasing Solid Waste
Air Pollution & GHG Natural Disaster
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EcoEco Eco
Eco2
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Eco or Eco or Eco2?
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Example of Simultaneous Economic and Environmental Improvement. Since 1990 Swedish CO2 emissions have been reduced by
9% while its economy has been growing at stable rate.
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Source: Symbiocity
H l i iti hi l i l d
www.worldbank/org/eco2
Helping cities achieve ecological and economic sustainability and social equity in synergy.
Integrated cross-sector approach leading to energy(low carbon)/resource efficiency
• Redevelopment of southern district in Stockholm, Sweden
EnergyEnergy
Water and sewage
Waste
Source: Stockholm City Planning Administration
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Av. ParanáMal Floriano
Parque IguaçúGreen Line
São Paulo
Eco2 Cities: Integrating Transport, Land Use (TOD), Curitiba, Brazil
SOUTH STRUCTURAL AXIS
Nova Curitiba
DOWNTOWNMal. Floriano
Porto Alegre
Parque Barigui
Represa Do Passaúna
Ponta Grossa
INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT
Solid Waste Reduction
Implementation of 3R (Reduce, Reuse Recycle) with citizen's
Eco2 Cities – Concerted Efforts of All the StakeholdersIn Reducing Waste, Yokohama, Japan
Reuse, Recycle) with citizen s collaboration
Achieved 38.7% reduction in six years (2001‐2007) and US$1.1Billion Savings.
Waste Reduction in Yokohama
Source: City of Yokohama
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Eco 2 Cities – Integrated & Innovative Water Management, Singapore
Closed Water Loop • Water Security
• Water Catchment
• Wastewater reclamation
• Desalination
Year 2000 2004
Population (‘000) 4,028 4,167
Desalination
• Demand Management
– Tariff: Financial incentive to reduce
water consumption
GDP (US$ mil.) 92,720 109,157
National Water Consumption (mil. m3)
454 440
Average Monthly Household Water Consumption (m3)
20.5 19.3
Average Monthly Household Water Bill (Singapore$)
31.0 29.4Source: PUB website, Singapore
Congestion Pricing – Urban Transport Management Ease of Traffic Congestion
Eco 2 Cities – Demand Management by IncentiveLondon, Stockholm, Milan, Singapore
within the City London Singapore Stockholm Milan (linked with GHG emission)
London: £137m being raised, in the financial year 2007/08, to invest back into
improving public transport in London. Reduced traffic 21% lower than pre‐charge levels (70,000 fewer cars/ day)
within the charging zone. Increased usage of bus and cycle.
Source: Transport for London website
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Comprehensive Approach
Eco 2 Cities – Emerging Sustainable City, AhmedabadIndia
Good Urban Planning Bus Rapid Transit River Front Development Inclusive Development.
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02.5 Km 2.5 Km
Eco2 Four Principles A City Based Approach Enables Local Governments to Proactively Lead and Inspire Always Adapted to the Specific Circumstances and Local Ecology
An Expanded Platform for Collaborative Design and Decision MakingMaking Sustained Synergy through Coordination and Alignment of
Stakeholder Actions and Incentives A One System Approach Realize Benefits of Integration Optimize the City-System as a Whole
An Investment Framework that Values Sustainability and Resiliency Life Cycle Cost/Benefit Analysis
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y y Asses Value and Benchmark all Capital Assets (Manufactured,
Natural, Social and Human) Broader Risk Assessments and Adaptive Strategies for Resilience
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Eco2 Four Tools
GIS to Analyze Form
Sankey Diagram to Analyze Flows
Design Charrette to Forecast & Plan
Life ‐Time Cost Benefit Analysis for Financing Decision.
Ongoing Eco2 Operations
Ho Chi Minh City Haiphong
QuezonMandaluyongMakati
JakartaSurabayaMakassarPalembang
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GEF Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco City
Project objective to develop an “economically sustainable, socially harmonious, environmentally friendly and resource conserving city” one that is “a model eco and low carbon city”
Private Sector Investment Project (e.g. ESCOs) Eco² City B Eco² City C Eco² City D
Appraisal/ TA
Urban Spatial Form Determines City Energy EfficiencyDecisions today are limited by past decisions
CITY GHG EMISSIONS
Source: Bertaud, A., and T. Pode, Jr., Density in Atlanta: Implications for Traffic and Transit(Los Angeles: Reason Foundation, 2007); Kick the Habit: A UN Guide to Climate Neutrality
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Ongoing ResearchTransportation-Land Development Integration
21Portland Source: PlanetizenCuritiba
THANKSTHANKSFor information and Eco2 Book: www.worldbank.org/eco2Hiroaki Suzuki, [email protected]