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Slide 1
Outdoor Survival: Shelter Building
Slide 2
What is the order of importance in a survival situation? Food,
water, fire, shelter, or signal?
Slide 3
Shelter
Slide 4
Many people who are forced into survival situations often get
into serious trouble because of direct exposure to the elements.
Most people in survival situations die of hypothermia, which can be
easily avoided with basic survival skills. Being able to build a
shelter is of paramount importance in a survival situation. It is
extremely important to prevent or minimize heat loss, or if in a
desert environment, to minimize water loss. Here are some things to
think about when planning to build a shelter:
Slide 5
Shelter Considerations: - Location (away from hazards, near
materials) - Insulation (from ground, rain, wind, air) - Heat
Source (body heat or fire-heated) - Personal or Group Shelter
Protection from the elements. Do not wait until near dark, you may
run out of daylight and will not be able to see what you are doing.
You may sweat and produce moisture that would be dangerous when it
begins to get colder as the sun goes down (hypothermia-can cause
death)
Slide 6
Fire
Slide 7
Ideally, when traveling in the wilderness, it is best to carry
multiple fire-starting tools, such as a lighter, matches, flint and
steel, etc Even with these implements starting a fire can be
challenging in inclement weather. Highly recommend practicing fire
starting in different weather conditions within different habitats.
Good fire-making skills are invaluable. If you were to find
yourself in a situation without a modern fire-making implement,
fire by friction is the most effective primitive technique.
Slide 8
Water
Slide 9
Signals for Rescue
Slide 10
Fire Smoke Mirror Morse Code (SOS) Body Signals Top 5
Signals
Slide 11
Food
Slide 12
The Rule of Threes provides a guideline of how to prioritize
basic survival skills: Shelter, Fire, Water, Signal, and Food
Survival Timeline of 3s
Slide 13
On average a person can only survive for 3 minutes without air.
In any survival situation air is a major priority. 3 minutes
without Air
Slide 14
Survival Rules of 3 3 hours without WARMTH3 days without WATER
Regulated Body Temp. Shelter Fire: is one of the most useful basic
survival skills. It can help warm your body or your shelter, dry
your clothes, boil your water, and cook your food. Can provide
psychological support in a survival situation, creating a sense of
security and safety. The human body is composed of up to 78% water.
Ideally, a person should drink about a gallon of water per day. The
best sources for clean drinking water in a wilderness setting are
springs, head-water streams, and collecting morning dew
Slide 15
Most natural environments are filled with a variety of items
that can meet our nutritional needs. Wild plants often provide the
most readily available foods, though insects and small wild game
can also support our dietary needs in a survival situation. 3 Weeks
without Food
Slide 16
Lean to Pup/Tube Tent Plastic Bag Debris Types of Shelter
Slide 17
Lean to Shelter
Slide 18
Lean to Basics AdvantagesDisadvantages will help protect you
from rain, wind, hail and flying debris. Even without a survival
kit with necessary materials, you can make a lean-to from sticks
and vines. Layering leaves and sticks makes your shelter nearly
waterproof. small and uncomfortable, just large enough to fit
yourself or your group. May not withstand extreme winds and heavy
falling debris, such as trees. one-half of an A-frame; a change in
wind direction could make the purpose of the shelter null and
void.
Slide 19
Pup/Tube Tent Shelter
Slide 20
Tube Tent Basics AdvantagesDisadvantages provides protection
from sun, wind, rain, and snow. Two people fit comfortably in one
tent but multiple tents can be combined to construct a larger
emergency shelter. Tube tents can also be used with tarps, duct
tape, and additional nylon cords to create even more expansive and
effective temporary shelters Lack Ventilation Poorly Resistant to
strong winds Rain water can get in easier Has little space for
gear/supplies
Slide 21
Plastic Bag
Slide 22
Debris
Slide 23
For anyone placed in a survival situation, especially during
inclement weather, a warm, dry shelter is the first concern. This
shelter will probably be a debris hut because it is the easiest and
quickest to build. But because it is so easy to build, many people
feel no need to practice Debris Shelter Hints
Slide 24
1) Avoid building in low spots where water might collect during
a heavy rain, or next to a river or lake where heavy mist might
occur. 2) Do not be afraid to walk some distance to find a good
shelter site or building materials. Look around for a stand of
deciduous trees which will have a large amount of leaves
underneath. Do not overlook moss, fir and pine needles, grasses or
the bark of a dead tree. 3) Shelters are built much too big. Many
one person huts are capable of sleeping two or three people.
Thinking small can save you precious time and energy. 4) Rather
than make several trips to collect sticks, why not bundle then
together using your belt or shirt. 5) Make a rake and use your
blanket or jacket to collect leaves and other debris.