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Volum e 64 No

January February 20

Inside:2001 OTF Confer ence & ShowHighlightsSee pages 617

Honor ar y Lifetime Member ship Aw ar dPr esented to Bob OBr ien

OTF Pr esents2001 ScholarshipsSee pages 1213

Managing Soil-BasedFieldsSee pages 2123

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2/32OTF TurfNews Vol 64 No. 1 2002 Page 2

TurfNews distr ibutes useful and t imely advice,nformat ion and research from Ohios most

knowledgeable experts and professionals toOTF members and th ose in the turfgr ass industry.

Vol. 64 No. 1 2002

TurfNews is produ ced by the Oh io Turfgrass Foundation,

PO Box 3388, Zanesville, Ohio 437023388,

888OTF3445 and is available to all members.

www.ohioturfgrass.org Inside:Message From The

2001 OTF President . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Message from the Director of Education . . . . . . . . 4

The Ohio State UniversityGolf Course MaintenanceShort Course. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2001 Ohio TurfgrassConference & Show Wrap-Up . . . . 617New Growth and Technology

Dollar Spot: GettingTougher To Manage inCreeping Bentgrass . . . . . . . . . . 1820New Growth and Technology

Managing Soil-Based Fields. . . . 2123Program Highlights

Turfgrass Entomology AndNematology Research

And Extension Program . . . . . . 2429Message from the Executive Director . . . . . . . . 30

Corporate Sponsor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

OTF Calendarof Events 2002

OTF/OSU Turfgrass Field DayAugust 14, 2002

OTF Research & Education Facility

For more i nformati on or to r egister for OTF events,please contact th e OTF office at 888 -683-3445 orvisit www.ohioturfgrass.org.

The Ohio State UniversityGolf Course Short CourseFebruary 2628, 2002Holiday Inn on the Lane, Columbus, Ohio

The Ohio State UniversitySports Turf / Athletic Field Short CourseFebruary 1314, 2002Holiday Inn on the Lane, Columbus, Ohio

For more informati on or to register for OSU events,please contact Pamela Sherratt at 614-292-7457.

2002 OTF Conference & ShowDecember 9 12, 2002Greater Columbus Convention CenterColumbus, Ohio

January February 2002

This Issue Sponsor ed By:

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2002.As a new yearbegins, so does the p lanning

for the 2002 OTF Conference

and Show. We welcome the

membership to participate

in the planning process.

Please contact our Executive

Director Kevin Thompson if

you are interested in serving

on a committee or a panel.

We n eed volunteers to serveas room monitors and in many other capacities.

The number of our members that step up to the

calling has always impressed me. Each year thousand s

of hours of professional and personal time is donated

to OTF; this willingness to serve our industry has made

it a pleasure to serve as your President for 2001.

This year the Board of Directors and Offinger

Management succeeded in increasing the membership

and rebu ilding relationships with our bro thers and

sisters in the tu rfgrass field.

I am grateful for the support that I received fromthe Board, Kevin Thompson and the Offinger

Management Co. A special thank you to Randy Tisher

and our 2002 President Mark Heinlein. Your guidance

was very much appreciated.

Hank Ch afin , our 2001 Professional of the Year,

is leaving the board this year. He has been a valuable

member of the board for the past several years. Hank

served on every committee and in all the chairs. His

experience will be missed. Thank you, Hank, your

encouragemen t has been very appreciated.

OTF has a bright future. Let us work togetherto make it brighter

Thank You

Len DunawayOTF President

Message FromThe President

We Would Like Your Input!The OTF Program Developmen t Committee

is already making plans for the December 2002

Oh io Turfgrass Conference & Showand we

would like your input!

Are th ere any par ticular topics you would

like us to cover at this years conference? Are

there any speakers you would like to see at OTF

2001? You can help develop the ed ucational

program by sharing your ideas with u s.

If there is a speaker you have seen atanother con ference that you would like to see

at OTF, or a topic of particular interest, please

complete the form below and return it to us

by mail or fax.

While we cant guarantee topics or speakers,

we can guaran tee that your ideas will be given

consideration.

Speaker Name

Company/Organization

Phone (if known)

Topic

Your Name/ Phone ( optional)

Please cut this out and mail to: OTF,PO Box 3388, Zanesvil le, OH 43702,or fax to 740-452-2552.

We look forw ard to your ideas!

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Happy New Year and t he very best wi shes to all inthe t urfgrass industry for a very happy, prosperous,and green 2002 season.

On behalf of everyone associated with th e O hio Turfgrass

Foundation, I want to thank Len Dunaway for his excellent leader-

ship in 2001 and for all his past service and con tributions to the OTF

Board and O TF over the years. His people skills, business skills, and

overall leadership skills have assisted significantly in OTFs success

over th e last several years. Some have called him the quiet giant

and, as many have learned, he bends in a strong wind, but never

breaks. He is another of those individuals that always thinks in the

best interests of OTF an d reflects the mean ing of OTF fever.

Thanks again Len.The 2001 Ohio Turfgrass Conferen ce and Show was a great

success. I want to personally thank everyone who played a role in

the planning, administration, exhibiting, and attendance. I also want

to voice a special thank you to the OTF Educational Committee, the

Program Planning Committee, and Offinger Management for time

and effort in 2001. There is no better team in the country than OTF

and the Ohio Turfgrass Industry. Always remember the tremendous

multiplier effect that results from your attendance and registration

dollars not only do attendees receive loads of education, the best

regional tur fgrass tradeshow in the country, opportun ities to meet

friends and peers, a display of professionalism for themselves and

the industry, licensing credits for ODA and certification from your

professional societies, but that all profits from the conference and

show go to fulfill OTFs main goal and purpose, the support of turf-

grass research, extension, and teaching (scholarships) at Ohio State

University, ATI, and other Ohio tur fgrass institutions. You should feel

personally and professionally proud of your contribution to the turf-

grass industry in Ohio. I hope all of you will spread the word about

the personal and professional benefits of OTF and make an even

stronger effort to support th is great organization and industry in the

years to come.

There were over 4,300 in attendance at the 2001 conference and

show. The educational program offered 96 hours of education in 76

class sessions. Both basic and advanced information was provided on

a wide array of agronomic and horticultural topics aimed at profes-sional lawn service, landscaping/ ground s, ath letic fields, parks/

recreation, and golf courses. Speakers from nine universities, the

United States Golf Association, and turfgrass industry presented

seminars and in-depth workshops. Dr. Richard Gibbs, from the New

Zealand Sports Turf Institute, is one of the leading researchers in the

field and provided the conference with a nice international flair. Also

presenting was the world renowned Dr. Mike Hurdzan who lectured

on modern concepts of golf course design and incorporating new

technology into golf courses. Dr. Hurdzan said the OTF show is the

best of its kind in the world. Thanks Mike for your strong support of

OTF and OSU over the years.

Message From TheDirector Of Education

The tradeshow was bigger and more well organized than ev

before. There were 540 booths from 246 exhibiting companie

It is by far the biggest regional turfgrass exhibition in the count

For schools, colleges, universities, and others running turfgra

and horticultural programs, the Ohio Turf Show is an excelle

opportunity for students to see the latest technology of the indu

try all in one location. THE TRADESHOW IS NOW FREE!!!!

YES FREE!!!! You cant get a better deal than that. So please pa

the word and mark December 9-12, 2002 on your calendar.

The Ohio Turfgrass Conference and Show is designed to

meet the educational and professional needs of the entire turf-

grass and landscape industry in Ohio and the Midwest. IT IS

ESSENTIALLYYOUR CONFERENCE AND SHO W. Pleaseprovide the OTF Educational Committee with any ideas you m

have on educational subject matter or con ference/ show

form atting that you feel may help. OTF has established an OT

Educational Advisory Comm ittee consisting of representatives

from our key industry associations and groups. The purpose o

this committee is to help bring new ideas and positive change

to the Ohio Turfgrass Conference for the betterment of all. Th

industry reps are:

Dan Walter Cincinnati GCSA

John Miller Miami Valley GCSA

Curt Geron Central Ohio GCSA

Mike Fast Northwest GCSA

A very sincere thank you to all the latter industry reps for th

support. If anyone would like to be an industry representativ

or provide representation for another allied industry associati

or group n ot included above, please dont hesitate to contac

me at 614-292-9091 or [email protected].

OTF will be holding program planning meetings in Februa

and March for the 2002 Ohio Turfgrass Conference and Show

If you have any ideas or suggestions for the 2002 Conference an

Show or would like to participate directly in the program

planning meetings, please contact me or Kevin Thompson a

888-683-3445, ex. 3151.

Remember, OTF would also like to explore other education

opportunities or educational services that OTF membership m

be interested in (i.e. other educational programs, researc

reviews, workshops, symposiums, etc.) Please contact Kevi

Thompson, your industry rep, or me with any recommendation

Yours for a greener t urf and a prosperous 2002 ,

Dr. John R. St reetDirector of Education

Tim Cunningham Northern Ohio GCSA

Joe Reynolds Ohio Lawn Care Associa

Mark Grunkemeyer Ohio Lawn Care Associa

Boyd Montgomery Ohio Sports Turf Associa

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Mar k Your Calendar ForThe Ohio State Univer sity

Golf Cour se Maintenance

Short Course!!!The Ohio State University Golf Course MaintenanceShort Course, February 26th28th, 2002

provides general information on maintaining golf courses.

Instructors from The Ohio State University and guest speakers

will present basic concepts of fertility, maintenance, disease,

insect pest management, and environmental stress.

Attendees can earn 11 CEUs from ODA, 2 CEUs from GCSAA.

The conference facility is

The Holiday Inn on the Lane,

328 West Lane Avenue, Columbus, Ohio.

Registration is $400 and includes

lunch and refreshment breaks each day

and instructional materials.

To register, phone (614) 292-4230.

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Over 4,000 t urfgrass and landscape profes-sionals attended t his years Ohio TurfgrassConference and Show. The largest regionalshow off ered 96 hours of education in 76classes. This years Free Trade Showf e a tu red 540 booths from 246 diff e rentcompanies who displayed their productsand services.

The Live Auction raised over $14,000 th isy e a r. The Ohio Tu rf grass Researc h Tru st

would like t o thank all the exhibitors andattendees for their generosity in donatingauction it ems. Thanks also go to th oseindividuals who purchased items at thelive auction.

Immediately following the Live Auction,the Annual Aw a rds Banquet Dinner washeld to give Aw a rds and Scholarships t othose deserving indi viduals. The dinnerbanquet replaced the Awards Luncheonsthat w ere held in recen t years. This yearsbanquet featured popular magician/comedian

Matthew Disero. Disero kept the audienceentertained throughout his thirty-minute act!

Plans are already underway for t he 2002Ohio Turfgrass Conference and Show. The2002 show is scheduled for December 9-12at th e Greater Columbus Convention Center.

If you have any suggestions or ideas, pleasecontact t he OTF off ice at 888-683-3 445.

See you in December!

John MowatTrade Show Chair man

OTF Conference & Show Wrap-Up

Americas Premier

Turfgrass Event

20012001

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Education Review

Attendees of the 2001 Ohio Turfgrass Conference & Show were treated to another out-standing program full of educational opportunities. The week began on Monday with 6workshops covering Pesticide Technology, Labor Issues, Soils, Sports Field Management for

Recreational Complexes, IPM Mandates for Recreational Facilities, Golf Course Irrigation,

and Golf Course Design & Construction.

Special guest and nationally known professional speaker, Mark Mayberry, Atlanta, GA,

was the featured Keynote Speaker. Mayberry entertained and motivated more than 600

attendees with his talk on motivating employees. The remainder of the program was filled

with industry specific sessions designed to address todays most important issues.

New this year were educational tracks developed by two sponsoring organizations.

Volunteers from the Ohio Lawn Care Association (OLCA) designed a program consisting

of two tracks of seminars; one geared to owners and managers of lawn care companies, and

the other focusing on technical and agronomic issues. A new, and very popular, Tu rfgrass

Identification Workshop an d Con test h ighlighted the program.

A track of education developed by the Ohio Sports Tu rf Managers Association

(OSTMA) covered a wide variety of topics valuable to athletic field managers at all levels.

Dr. Richard Gibbs from the New Zealand Sports Tu rf Institute highlighted the program.

Both OLCA and OSTMA held th eir an nual membership meetings dur ing the OTF

conference.

More than 65 speakers from The Ohio State University and eleven other academic

institutions around the country presented more than 90 hours of educational sessions.

Planning for the 2002 Conference & Show, December 9-12, Columbus, OH is already

underway. The Program Developmen t Committee continues to build an educational pro-

gram built around the valuable input of our members. If you have topics or speakers you

would like us to present at this years conference, please pass them along to Dr. John Street,

our Director of Education, or to the OTF office. Please see the information request formon Page 3 of this newsletter.

As always, the goal of OTF is to address issues that are timely and vital to the ongoing

needs of our members. Thank you to everyone, volunteers and participants, who helped

OTF continue to offer Americas Premier Turfgrass Event!

Thank you,

Lin RoppProgram Development Chairman

Mark M ayberry, The Mayber ryGroup, entertained and motivated

more than 600 that attended

his Keynote Speech. Mayber ryreceived rave reviews!

Audiences of more than 300

could typically be found attendingthe always-popular Golf Course

Management seminars.

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Dr. Robert Miller, one of the original leaders of OTFwhen it was founded 40 years ago, made a return visitto the 2001 OTF Conference to present a special awardto an old friend, Bob OBrien, Century Equipment.

Following is a transcript of Dr. Millers speech he gave

presenting an Honorary Lifetime Membership Award to

Bob OBrien:

It is a great honor to be here with o ld friends to

present a lifetime membership on behalf of the Ohio

Turfgrass Foundation. It doesnt seem possible that thefirst OTF Conference & Show was held in Cleveland

35 years ago.

If you will indulge me for a few momen ts, I would like

to reminisce about h ow OTF and this conference came

into being. In every organization key decisions are m ade

that eventually lead to success or failure. I would like to

comment on a few that have contributed to the success of

OTF. The person who is receiving th is award participated

in making most of these decisions and took the second

step to see that they were implemen ted.

A decision which led to th e formation of OTF was

made about 40 years ago in the hotel room of Bill Lyons

at the Purdue Turfgrass Conferen ce. Bill, Harry Murray,Charlie Tadge, Dick Craig and several others met with

Dr. Burt Musser, Turfgrass Professor at Pennsylvania

State University, to seek his advice on initiating an Ohio

turfgrass organization.

After that, the next meeting was held on March 23,

1960 at the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development

Center in Wooster. Four oth er m eetings followed an d

the Ohio Turfgrass Council, the precursor to the Ohio

Turfgrass Foundation, was founded on April 21, 1961.

The Turfgrass Council, patterned after the Pennsylvania

structure, would have various organizations inte rested in

turfgrass managemen t select repre sentatives to serve o n

the coun cil. The purpose was to p romote education andresearch to benefit the en tire industry. But this structure

had at least one major weakness. It had great difficulty in

raising mon ey. Books were kept on a yellow pad and indus-

try representatives had to be asked to donate funds in order

to have enough money to publish a simple newsletter.

Even so, progress was made. Under the leadership

of Dr. Kenne th Bader, tur fgrass research at the Ohio

State University Columbus location was started. Before

that all turfgrass research in Ohio was conducted at the

Wooster Research Center. Dr. Bader also established

the first Oh io State program to allow stud ents to major

in turfgrass management.

Honorary Lifetime Membership ABob OBrienBob OBrien

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As it became evident that the turfgrass council

would continue to struggle to fund programs, an

important decision was made to change the structure

to one with dues paying members. And the Ohio

Turfgrass Foundation was born. It would have a

Board of Directors and Officers elected by the members.

The mission remained the same.

The new structure corrected another flaw. Interested

individuals who were at arms length from the council

could now be members and have pride of ownership in

their foundation.

Several board members thought that Ohio shouldhave a conferen ce. Some said it wouldnt work. They said

the first Ohio Turfgrass Conference, held on campus at

the Ohio State University in the late 30s, was not well

attended. Some said strong conferences were held by

Pennsylvania and Indiana and people would attend those

rather than the one in Oh io.

Someone, I believe Harry Murray, proposed that if

we were to have a conference, it should be coupled with

exhibits for turfgrass products. Again there were

naysayers who argued that this would detract from

educational objectives. The decision was made that Ohio

would have a conference and show.

The next d ecision was easy when the NorthernOhio Golf Course Superintendents Association agreed

to underwrite any losses which might occur. The

Conference would be held at the Cleveland Sheraton

Hotel on th e Square in Downtown Cleveland in

December 1967.

Some of us began to wonder how we were going

to persuade turfgrass related businesses to spend their

money and commit their people to fill and man 120

available booths at a conference and show never before

held, the equivalent to buying a pig in a poke. Except

in this case they werent even sure a pig was there.

That problem was solved when Bob OBrien fromCentury Toro and Jim Fitzgibbon from Lesco agreed to

commit for most of the space for their own exhibits and

for other companies whose products they sold. I can on ly

imagine how much arm twisting they had to do to get

their suppliers to participate. All booth space was sold.

A sound educational program was developed and the

many committee members who h ad donated countless

hours of preparing for the conferen ce anxiously waited

to see how many people would attend. It was a pleasant

surprise when 850 people showed up.

After the first conference, O TF was able to make a

donation of $10,000 for research and $2,400 for scholar-

ships. Since then OTF has donated over four million

dollars. Last year the conference was attended by 4,200

people and 240 exhibits occupied 550 booth spaces.

Now on behalf of the Oh io Turfgrass Foundation, I

would like to present a lifetime mem bership to the most

qualified person I know, Mr. Bob OBrien. He is only one

of ten people to receive this award. Bob participated in

most, if not all, the decisions we have talked about. Hehas served on the Board of Directors, has been President

and has always been a leader in this organization. Mr.

OBrien is now a Director of Ohio Turfgrass Research

Trust. He has committed many hours of his time and has

encouraged his employees to work to promote OTF. Five

OTF Presidents have been associated with his company.

I was privileged to be Executive Secretary when Bob

was President. He was no doubt the most involved

President during my tenure. I think his motto is Follow

up, Follow up, Follow up.

Also Bob is active in many civic and community affairs

and is a successful and respected member of the business

community. He is curren tly Chairman of the Board ofDirectors of Century Toro. He first was Toro distribu-

tor for Northwest Ohio and is now the distributor for

the state of Ohio and parts of some neighboring states.

He is on the Board of Directors of the Toledo Hospital

and the University of Toledo Business Center. He has

served on and has been President of the Board of Trustees

of Lourdes College. Also, h e is on th e Boards of th ree

private high schools and is involved with an organiza-

tion that works with und erprivileged inner city youth .

Ladies and Gentlemen, Mr. Bob OBrien.

esented at Awards Banquet

Dr. Robert Mil ler presents an Honorary Lifetime Membership

plaque to Bob OBrien, Century Equipment.

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1968 Professional of the

Year Harry Murray presents

the 2001 Professional of

the Year Award to his goodfriend Hank Chafin.

Hank Chafin: a person who lives the love of life, as character-

ized by his passion for the game of golf. He is an example of

the American dream, a person who had a simple desire to workon a golf course, pursued and achieved it. Through dedication,

commitment and a great attitude, a career of professional and

personal accomplishment unfolded.

Born and raised in West Virginia, he left home immediately

after high school in search of work. He hitch-hiked his way to

Dayton O hio. Encouraged by his mother to do something

meaningful, he joined the Air Force. In his first year at Del Rio

Texas, (Laughlin) , he was the base champion . He served in the

Air Force from 1959 to 1963.

Returning to Dayton, he found a job at a local course in

the golf shop. What he really wanted to do was to work on the

course, so he simply asked what he needed to do. He asked the

right person. Paul Mechling, course superintendent advised,guided and mentored the development of Hank's career.

Achievement wasn't a slam dunk. Despite working hard and

showing a good attitude, H ank became bu rden ed by seeing

person after person being promoted ahead of him, one in

particular without qualification. This really hurt. In the early

60's Hank says that any farmer could be a greens keeper. In

the 70's, a college education was required. So he worked days

and went to Springfield College at n ight, earning his BS

in Agronomy in 1972. Within a few days of graduation, he was

appointed Superintendent.

Hank Chafin: Professional of the YearOhio Tur fgr ass Foundation

Hank states that he has gained so much personally in

his career.

Considerable satisfaction has been acquired from thediversity and challenges of the work; mentoring of others;

and a life-long love of giving. His relationship with OTF

provided the means to do this.

Through its research activities and scholarship

pr ograms for Oh io State Univ., OTF provided significant

opportunities for outreach and assistance. Even though

he was the longest serving member of the Board; served

on most committees and held numerous elected offices,

Han k felt that h e could h ave fallen off of the pod ium

when he realized that he was being chosen as Professional

of the Year.

Having served as the Supervisor for Dayton's 6 golf

courses, Hank is now retired . Additionally, du ring thiscareer, he has been and is the Pastor for the Brethren in

Christ Church.

Beh ind every great man is a great woman. Married

to h is high school sweetheart Kathy for 40 years, they have

been blessed with 3 children and 7 grandchildren.

A dream fulfilled, Hank Chafin continues to serve

the game of golf and the people of Dayton.

Annual OTF Professional AwardsThree annual OTF professional awardsw er e pr esented at this year s OTF Aw ar dsBanquet on December 5, 2001.

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Dr. Karl Danneberger , OSU, is awarded a Professional

Excellence Award by Dr. Joe Vargas, Michigan StateUniversity.

Pr ofessional ExcellenceDr. Karl Danneberger is a natural to the world of turf

management.

Dr. Karl Danneberger, OSU, was the 2001 recipient

of the Oh io Turf Foundations Professiona l Excellence

Award. With an extensive educational career includ ing a

B.S. in Agronomy from Purdue, an M.S. in Horticulture

at Illinois and a Ph .D in Plant Path ology at Michigan

State, he is certainly well qualified for this recognition.

For Dr. Danneberger, his career path was pre-ordained,

having started to play golf at the age of 10. He found a

keen interest in the game and the natural beauty that

surrounds it. Presently he is a Professor of Horticultureand Crop Science at O hio State Un iversity. He really

likes what he does. He enjoys teaching and finds that

to be a good teacher, you have to be involved in research.

His professional time is split between research and

teaching. The primary focus is on Plant Physiology and

Ecology. Add itionally he serves as the coord inator for

the undergraduate turf program.

In the minimal spare time available, Dr.Danneberger

devotes his attention to his wife Sallie and their two boys

Marc and Kyle.

The award recognition was quite a surp rise to h im.

It was a well kept secret. He is very proud of the work

of OTF. He h as and continues to voluntarily suppor t

the organization by serving on the Technical Advisory

Committee. Previously, he served on th e Funds Research

and Conference Program committees.

Dr. Danneb erger grew up aroun d golf cour ses.

Today,he is still an avid golfer. As regar ds the futu re,

he sees a continuous increase in expectations, that will

bring with it a concomitant level of responsibility. For

him this is no problem, for he truly loves what he does.

Pr ofessional ExcellenceRobert Figurella is a natural. Born in Sharon, Pa. he was

destined to be a leader in the golf profession. At age 14, he

was already immersed in reading superintendent golf course

magazines and was working at a public course. His older

|brother Don provided initial exposure to the profession.

He d id not know it at the time but he was committed.

The Brookfield course, owned by the McMullen family,

provided his career foundation. The opportunity to acquire

working experience and first hand knowledge from thisScottish family proved an invaluable asset. Subsequently he

attended th e Un iv. of Massachusetts Turf School.

Roberts first official position was with the Acacia CC,

as Assistant Superintendent. He became head super visor at

Spring Valley CC in Elyria, followed by Akron CC in Fairlawn.

As with most careers, timing and connections are important.

His brother Don was leaving his position at Brookside CC

and Robert saw a unique opportunity.

There was something in this course that he h ad not

recognized elsewhere. It was open, unbound by houses and

it had lots of land around it. It had character. Being designed

by Donald Ross was not, at this point in time, significant to

him. Later it certainly became so for Mr. Ross is recognizedas one of the worlds elite golf course architects. Robert saw

the opportunity to make Brookside something special. 33

years later, his dream has been achieved.

In 1997, Brookside was rated one of the 10 best courses

in Ohio. In 2000, Golf Week recognized it as being in the

top 100 courses in the nation. Last year it was designated 81st

in classical courses built prior to 1959. OTFs recognition

of Robert for professional excellence is well established.

Robert states on r eflection th at we were right for each

other. Ther e were the right ingredients at the right time.

Brookside gave me the tools, the support, and the freedom to

pursue a dream. Th e world of golf has changed considerably

over the years. The OTF provides a vehicle for communicationand leadership, p laying a vital role in designing the future of

golf programs.

Supporting Robert in his professional quest is his wife

Fran and their family of 5 children. In addition to her family

obligations, Fran , a teache r by profession, owned and

operated an educational supp ly store.

A dream has been realized and yet it continues. Brookside

has hired an architect to restore Brookside to its original classic

state. Robert is there to direct its future.

OTF TurfNews Vol 64 No. 1 2002 Pa

Congr atulations to all of this year s aw ar d r ecipients

R o be rt Figure l la ,Brookside Country C

is surprised to receiv

his ProfessionalExcellence Award fro

his son Mark.

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2001 Scholarships PresentedAwarding scholarships to tur fgrass studen ts at Oh io

schools and universities is an important function of the

Ohio Turfgrass Foundation. In fact, OTF has awarded

more than $345,000 in student scholarships since 1964.

OTF pr esented scholarships to n ine tu rfgrass

students from aroun d O hio, including the ann ualMax Szturm, Don Sweda, an d George Biddulph

Memorial Scholarships.

The following is a listi ng of OTF Scholarshipsfor 2001:

Patrick J. Burton OSU

Jerrel M. Gilley Kent State

Daniel L. Kendrick OSU

Michael Joseph McGuan OSU

Adam Pittis OSU

Todd Brandon Rinehart OSU

Thr ee O TF Memor ial Scholarship recipients areselected each year to exceptional students deserving

special recognition for their outstanding accomplish-

men ts in school, work, and the commu nity. The 2001

recipients were:

Don Sweda MemorialRichard Garrett Hanzel OSU

Max F. Szturm Memor ialTodd E. Vermillion OSU

George Biddulph MemorialPatrick J. Bur ton OSU

An additional $13,500 was awarded to five students

that r eceived th e n ew Ronald D. Baker Memorial

Scholarships, presented by the Ohio Turfgrass Research

Trust (O TRT). The Ronald D Baker Memorial

Scholarship of the Dayton Foundation was established

in 1993 in honor of Ronald D. Baker, a past chairman

of Leisure Lawn, Inc., who believed in the necessity

of continued educational opportun ities for all individ-

uals. The Fund provides scholarships to students at The

Oh io State University pu rsuing a degree in Tu rfgrass

Management. In 2001, OTRT was granted the privilege of

awarding these scholarships on behalf of the Baker family.

Congratulations to the following five students for

receiving this scholarship the first year awarded at the

OTF Annual Awards Banquet.

R.D. Baker M emorial Scholarship5 Scholarships presented to:

Michael C. Fasick OSU

David P. Finley OSU

Adam Neate OSU

Michael Roger Spies OSU/ATI

Jonathan Scott OSU/ATI

Additionally, several other scholarships were presented

this year by turfgrass-related businesses and associations.

OTF greatly appreciates the support of these organizations

to Oh ios turfgrass ind ustry. The don ors and recipients

follow:

AventisStephanie Heston OSU

Bayer CorporationJason Spencer OSU

Northern Ohio GCSARandy Knisely ATI

Chris Walick

Columbus District Golf Association/Jack Kidwell Memorial

Peter Burcham

Todd Vermillion

Eric Wireman

Best Sand CorporationTypically, Best Sand awards 1-5 scholarsh ips to Ohio-

based turfgrass students. However, in 2001, Best Sand

chose to make a donation of $5000 to the Red Cross

September 11 relief fundin the name of the Ohio

Turfgrass Foundation. Thank you Best Sand!

The O hio Tur fgrass Foundation congratulates the

2001 Scholarship recipients and looks forward to the

continued contribu tions to O hios turfgrass industry.

For information regarding 2002 scholarships, contact

the OTF office at 888-683-3445, or visit the OTF website

at www.ohioturfgrass.org.

OTF 2001 Scholarships Recipients

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OTF TurfNews Vol 64 No. 1 2002 Page 13

The deserving group of 2001 OTF Scholarship Recipients.

2001 Memorial Scholarship Winners

Fred Bosch, Solution One, presents

the Don Sweda Memorial Scholarship

to Richard Garrett Hanzel, OSU.

Marty Szturm presents t he Max Szturm

Memorial Scholarship, in memory of his

father, to Todd Vermillion, OSU.

Patrick Burton, OSU, is presented the

George Biddulph Memorial Scholarship

by Bill Prest, Sweetbriar Golf Course.

2001

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Magician-Comedian Matthew Diseroinvolved and entertained t he audience

at the annual Awards Banquet.

OTF Pr esent s Check at AnnualAw ar ds Luncheon

The Ohio State University admini stration

accepted OTFs 2001 chec k in t he amountof $136,470 f rom 200 1 OTF President LenDunaway. The check repr esents $111,470in research grants and financial supportfor t he operations of the OTF Research &Education Facilit y, and $25,000 in st udentscholarships.

OTF has donated m ore than $3 .5 millionto tur fgrass research and over $345,000in scholarships since 1964.

A popular new addit ion to this yearstrade show was a Golf Simulator.

Prizes were awarded daily.

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16/32

A Live-Only Auction was held at the 2001 OTFConference & Show, replacing the Silent Auction of thepast. The auction raised funds for the O hio Turfgrass

Research Trust (OTRT), the charitable fund-raising arm

of OTF. More than $14,000 was raised to support turf-

grass research and scholarships in Ohio.

The auction was held in the convention center

ballroom immediately after the close of the tr ade

show on Wednesday, December 5. Several hun dred

people gathered to view and bid on the many great

items donated by OTF members and exhibitors.

Auction chair Gene Probasco started things off by

annou ncing that he h ad good n ews and bad n ews.

The good news is that weve already raised the mon ey

we were hoping to raise. The bad news is that it is stillin your pockets! From th ere , it was two full hours of

fun , leading right up until the 7:00 pm OTF Ann ual

Awards Banquet.

The goal is to grow the auction so that more than

$20,000 may be raised by the 2002 Live Auction. The

auction committee will be working hard throughout

the year soliciting exciting donations from the turgrass

industry.

The auction is organized and managed by the

OTRT Board of Directors, and chaired by Trustee

Gene Probasco. On behalf of the Ohio Turfgrass

Found ation and the O hio Tur fgrass Research Tru st,

we would like to than k the following do nor s to this

years auction. They proved that raising funds for

turfgrass research can be fun !

Fir st Live-Only Auct iona Big Hit


Aerragreen of Ohio

Alvis Materials

Americalist

Anderson Instrument Co.

The Andersons

Ann Arbor Press

Aquatrols Corp.

Aventis EnvironmentalScience

Bannerman Ltd.

BASF Corporation

Bayer Corporation

Best Sand Corp.

Biosafe Systems Inc.

Brookside Labs

C & S Turf CareEquipment Inc.

Century Equipment, Inc.

Cleary Chemical

Club Car, Inc.

Columbus Clippers

Columbus Crew

Compost Facility-Com-Til

Davey Golf

Davey Tree Farm

Double Eagle Club

Dr. John Street,The Ohio State University

Earth Works NationalOrganic Products

Firestone Building Products

Forestry Suppliers, Inc.

Geer & Associates

Gene Probasco

Glenmac, Inc.

GNC Industries, Inc.

The Golf Club

Great Lakes Golf

Green Velvet Sod Farms

Griffin LLC

Helena Chemical Co.

Hyatt Regency

Jacklin Seed

Jacobson Golf CourseDesign, Inc.

Knox Fertilizer Company Lanphear Supply

Lebanon Turf Products

Lesco, Inc.

Longaberger Golf Club

Mark Smart

The Motz Group

Nutramax Laboratories Inc.

Oglebay-Norton STS

Otterbine Barebo, Inc.

PBI-Gordon Corp.

Per fco Printing

PJS Products Inc.

Precision Laboratories, Inc.

ProSource One

R.W. Sidley

Riverdale Chemical Co.

Seed Research of Oregon

Seeds Ohio, LLC

Shemin Nurseries Inc. Sipcam Agro USA Inc.

Standard Golf Co.

Sustane/ Natural Fertilizerof America

Sylvania Recreation

Syngenta Turf &Ornamental

Ty-Crop Mfg. Ltd.

United Horticultural Supply

Xenia Power Equipment

Ohio Tur fgr ass Resear ch Tr ust


Live Auction

2001 Auction Donors

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John Deer e Mini-Gator HighlightsAuct ion Fun and Philanthr opy

Santa Claus paid an early visit to 4-year old Kyler Burri s. Kyler wasattending OTF from Shippingport, PA with his parents Todd and Michele

B u r r i s , when they decided to participate in the Live Auction.

K y l e r s eyes li t up when he f irst saw the John Deere Mini-Gator on

d i s p l a y. His anticipat ion grew as bidding for the Mini-Gator approached.

His father Todd dove right inintent on purchasing the highly-prized,

battery-operated toy for his son. But as the purchase price soared past what

his father planned to spend,Kylers hopes for an early Christmas withdrew.Bidding continued until the lone bid of $700 was made by Jim Zinni,

Zinni Golf Construction, C a n fi e l d, OH . Zinni stepped forward to receive the

keys to the Mini-Gator, and thats when Santa paid li tt le Kyler an early visit.

Zinni proceeded to hand the keys to the little stranger from Pe nns y lva n i a.

The witnessing crowd let out a big round of applause. He just wanted it

too bad for him not to get it , explained Zinni.

Kyler ran to his new prize, eyes glowing. Thank you to Jim Zinni for

fulfilling someones dreams and for supporting the Live Auction.

Yes, Kyler, there is a Santa Claus.

4-year old Kyler Burris shows

off his new John Deere Mini-Gator, compliments of Jim Zinni.

8/14/2019 OTNJFeb


Dollar spot (Sclerotinia homoeocarpa) is wi despread

and extremely destructive to turfgrasses. The taxon-

omy of S. homoeocarpa is unclear, and this fungus

may be referred to as an unknown species of either

Moellerodiscus or Lanzia. Dollar spot is known to

attack m ost tur fgrass species, including annual

bluegrass (Poa annua), bentgr asses (Agrostis spp.),

fescues (Festuca spp.), Kentuck y bluegrass (Poa

pratensis), perennial r yegrass (Lolium perenne),

bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.), zoysiagrass (Zoysia

spp.). centi pedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides), and

St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum ).

SymptomsThe symptomatic pattern of dollar spot varies with

turfgrass species and cultural practices. Under close

mowing conditions, as with intensively maintained bent-

grass, annual bluegrass, bermudagrass or zoysiagrass, the

disease appears as small, circular, straw-colored spots of

blighted tu rfgrass about the size of a silver dollar (4 cm

diameter) . With coarser-textured grasses that are suited

to h igher mowing practices, such as Kentucky bluegrass

or perennial ryegrass, the blighted areas are considerably

larger, and straw-colored patches range from 3 to 6 in.

(7.6-15.2 cm) in diameter. Affected patches frequ ently

coalesce and involve large areas of tur f.

Grass blades often d ie from th e tip, and h ave straw-

colored or bleached-white lesions that are shaped like

an hour glass. The h our-glass banding on leaves is often

made mor e obvious by a definite narrow brown, purp le,

or black band, which borders the bleached sections of

the lesion from the rem aining green portions. Hour-glassbands may not appear on warm-season grasses, and are

difficult to find on close-cut bentgrass or ann ual blue-

grass on putting greens. On close-cut putting greens and

warm-season grasses, the lesions are oblong or oval-shaped,

but there is a brown ban d of tissue where the tan or white

lesion and green tissue meet. Tip die-back of leaves is

common and blighted tips appear tan to white in color,

and also have a brown band bordering dead and green

leaf tissue. A fine, white cobwebby mycelium covers the

diseased patches during early morning hours when the

fungus is active and leaf surfaces are wet.

Environment al InfluencesThe disease is favored by warm and hu mid weather, and

when night temperature s are cool long en ough to permit

early and heavy dew formation. In cool-season grasses, disease

severity usually peaks in late spring to early summer and again

in late summer to early autum n. In the upper Midwest, however,

the disease tends to be most damaging during autumn.

In some regions, dollar spot can remain active during mild

periods throughout autum n and into early winter.

Dollar spot was widely regarded as a disease favored b y

warm days and cool nights. Therefore, in most regions in the

United States it was generally believed to be primarily a problem

from late spring to early summer and autumn in cool-season

grasses. In 1999 in th e Mid-Atlantic region, h owever, dollar

spot was extremely active in July and August, and there were

serious outbreaks as late as November and early December.

July and August weather conditions were hot and rain-free

in most of the eastern United States in 1999, creating the

need for daily irrigation (usually nighttime). Dollar spot wasespecially a chron ic problem in annual bluegrass and creeping

ben tgrass tur f on golf courses. Why this dram atic chan ge in

the incidence and severity of dollar spot during hot and dry

weather? Although not clearly understood, some reasons may

include: (1) more frequen t n ight irrigation , which extended

leaf wetness du ration periods; (2) lower inputs of nitrogen;

(3) lower mowing heights, more frequent mowing, and the

rem oval of clipp ings; ( 4) in tense play and wear, especially

where mowers turn in fairways or approaches and in cupping

areas, and (5) a lack of good thatch and soil compaction

control programs on fairways and tees.

Dollar Spot : Gett ing Tougher toManage in Cr eeping Bentgr ass

New Growth and Technology

Dollar Spot : Gett ing Tougher toManage in Cr eeping Bentgr ass

Dr. Peter H. DernoedenUniversity of Maryland

From Turfax, Volume 8, Number 1, JanuaryFebruary 2001

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Species-Cultivar Susceptibilit yFor some golf courses, the greatest contributing factor

was the seeding of creeping bentgrass cultivars highly

susceptible to dollar spot, such as Crenshaw, SR 1020,

and Backspin. Und oub tedly, anothe r factor was the

overload of inoculum (i.e., the parts of the pathogentha t cause disease). As disease severity increased over

the season the amount of inoculum (i.e., mycelium of

the dollar spot fungus, which does not produce spores)

increased to very high levels. This resulted not only in

an increase in the incidence and severity of the disease

(even in cultivars with improved dollar spot resistance),

but also longer periods of time when the disease

remained active.

A similar phenomenon occurred with red thread

when perennial ryegrass was introduced on a large scale

on to golf courses in the early 1980s. At that time, r ed

thread (Laestisaria fuciformis) disease was primarily a

problem on fine-leaf fescues in maritime climates of

New England an d th e Pacific Northwest. Red th read,

however, also is a common disease of perennial ryegrass,

which, as previously noted, was not generally grown on

golf courses before 1980. As the years progressed, red

thread first appeared in and severely damaged ryegrass

in roughs. As inoculum (a combination ofL. fuciformis

mycelium, sclerotia, and spores) bu ilt up , the disease

spread to ryegrass on tees, fairways, and collars. By the

1990s, red th read was attacking Kentucky bluegrass and

tall fescue, two species once believed to be very resistant

if not immune to red thread.

Hence, a similar phenomenon may now be occur-ring with dollar spot in creeping ben tgrass. This is espe-

cially true in the Mid-Atlantic region, where bentgrass is

rapidly replacing perennial ryegrass as the preferred

grass for tees and fairways. The inoculum load is now so

great on some cour ses that dollar spot is causing severe

problems in Penncross, Procup, Southshore, and other

cultivars reported to have moderate to h igh dollar spot

resistance.

Cultural ManagementDollar spot tends to be most damaging to poorly

nourished tur fs, particularly if humidity is high or a

heavy dew is pre sent. On pu tting greens, the removalof dew and leaf-surface exudates by poling, dragging,

or whipping can be beneficial. Mowing greens early in

the morning will spread surface drying, and has been

linked to reduced dollar spot. In poorly nour ished tur f,

an ap plication of nitrogen , (50% water-soluble p lus 50%

slow release) will stimulate shoot growth and mask the

disease. Subsequent applications at low rates of water-

soluble nitrogen (i.e., 0.1 to 0.125 lb N/ 1000 ft2; 5-6 kg

N/ ha) in spoon-feeding programs throughout the golf

season also h elps to suppress dollar spot. Potassium, and

to a lesser extent phosph orus, can help to reduce dollar

spot, so it is important to maintain a balanced N-P-K

fertility program.

Raising mowing height is among the most effectivecultural app roaches to minimizing do llar spot injury.

Rolling (no more than 3 times weekly) has been shown

to reduce dollar spot, whereas wear from turn ing mowers

can increase dollar spot. Thatch layers and soil compaction

long have been recognized to promote disease. Hence,

core cultivation to alleviate soil compaction and to control

thatch should assist in reducing dollar spot.

Avoid light and frequent irrigation , especially when

programming overhead irrigation systems for nightly

applications of water. When soils become too d ry, irrigate

deep ly to the root zone d epth during early morn ing

hours. Irrigating between 5 a.m. and 8 a.m., when dew

is present on leaves, does not extend the fungal infectionperiod. Hence, where water use is restricted to the hours

between sundown and sunup, predawn irrigation will not

promote d isease and will not violate local watering laws.

Avoid using highly susceptible turfgrass cultivars, such

as Crenshaw or SR 1020, for fairways, where the most

acres of turf are maintained on golf courses. According

to the 1994-1997 ben tgrass NTEP trials, L93, Penn links,

Providence, and Penncross ranked high in dollar spot

resistance.

Chemical ManagementThe fungicides commonly used for dollar spot

contro l are shown in Table 1. Except for Daconil

(chlorothalonil), all are pen etrants representing three

different chemical classes each with different modes-of-

action : (a) sterol inh ibitor/ dimeth ylene inhibitor

(SI/ DMI), (b) th iophanate, and (c) d icarboximide.

Tank mixing a fungicide with 0.1 and 0.125 lb nitrogen

per 1000 ft2 (5-6 kg N/ ha) from urea is associated with

improved dollar spot control. The nitrogen stimulates

growth, enabling plants to produce shoot tissue faster

than the fungus can cause disease, and helps to speed

recovery of injured plants.

When targeting dollar spot, it is important to rotate

fungicides from each of the three classes. That is, thereis no advantage to rotating Banner MAXX, Bayleton,

Eagle, or other SI/ DMI fungicides. Rotating fun gicides

with different modes-of-action helps to delay the possible

selection of resistant biotypes of the dollar spot pathogen.

Because there has never been a report of an S. homoeocarpa-

resistant biotype of Daconil, it is especially important to

use Daconil as a tank-mix partner with one of the pene-

trants or to just rotate it into the spray program often.

8/14/2019 OTNJFeb


Formby G.C.Travisenjoys the beach

Fungicide-treated turf, however, should not be mowed

for at least 24 hours after spraying. Obviously, removal

of plant tissues containing fungicides dilutes the total

concentration of the product. This is why using plant

growth regulators to reduce m owing frequen cy can

sometimes help to extend residual effectiveness of

certain fungicides. Returning clippings is helpful if they

do not inter fere with p lay, because they help to r ecycle

nitrogen and other nutrients. Avoid frequent nightirrigation. There is an overuse of the overhead irrigation

system by some superintendents, and bentgrass fairways

in particular should be kept on the dry side through

the summer. Core cultivation, topdressing, vertical

cutting, and o ther cultural practices that help reduce

thatch and alleviate soil compaction are important to

the overall health and playability of the golf turf. These

cultural practices, however, are best performed during

disease-free pe riods when th e ben tgrass is actively

growing. Try to minimize wear damage by skipping

perimeter mowing one or two days a week. Avoid o ther

types of mechanical injury (i.e., topdressing, brushing,

etc.) during p eriods when dollar spot is active an dbentgrass is not growing vigorously.

Loss of good residu al dollar spot control with any

particular fungicide does not necessarily mean resistance

is developing. The overuse of materials within the same

chemical class can result in enhanced microbial degrad-

ation. That is, continuous use of fungicides from within

any of the th ree classes listed could give rise to a build-upof bacteria that use fungicides in that class as an energy

source. This results in a more rapid degradation of

fungicides, thus reducing their residual effectiveness.

Another common reason for poor residual control is

using low water dilutions for spraying. Ideally, fungicides

should be applied in at least 90 gallons of water per acre

and sprayed through nozzles that will atomize the

droplets. There is a trend to water-in fungicides. It is

importan t to n ote, however, that ther e are few if any

studies that have shown a benefit from water-in fungicides

for dollar spot control. For all we know, you may be losing

efficacy by watering-in certain products. Daconil, because

it is a contact fungicide that provides disease control on

leaf and sheath surfaces only, should never be watered-in.

Fungicides like ProStar (flutalonil) and Heritage

(azoxystrobin) have no activity on dollar spot, and some

studies have shown th at they can occasionally encou rage

dollar spot. Research has shown, however, that tank-

mixing ProStar or Heritage with either Banner MAXX

(p rop icnazole), Bayleton (triadimefon) and oth er

sterol-inhibitors helps to ensure that d ollar spot is not

encouraged, nor will dollar spot rebound once the

effects of the Banner MAXX or Bayleton dissipate.

There is, however, no established link between dollar

spot ou tbreaks and th e n ow common use of the plantgrowth r egulators Primo (trinexapac-ethyl), Scotts

TGR/ Turf Enhancer (p aclobu trazol), or Cutless

(flurprimidol) . In fact, Primo has been shown to

enhan ce the residual effectiveness of some fungicides,

and TGR and Cutless actually have fungicidal activity

that reduces the severity of dollar spot.

Ultimately, effective dollar spot suppression is going

to involve com bining th ose cultural pr actices that are

known to suppress dollar spot in to an y fungicide

program. In p articular, nitrogen should be add ed to

the spray tank (i.e., 0.1-0.125 lb N/ 1000 ft2 from a water-

soluble N-source like urea) each time a fungicide is

applied for dollar spot control. It is important to mowearly in the morning to speed drying of the turf.

Table 1. Fungicides f or Dollar Spot Contr ol

SI/DMIBanner MAXX Lynx* Triton*Bayleton RubiganEagle Sentinel**

ThiophanatesCL 3336 Fungo

DicarboximidesChipco 26GT Curalan/Vorlan/Touche

OtherDaconil

* Currently not registered.

** After existing supplies are sold, Sentinel will no longer beavailable for use on turfgrasses.

8/14/2019 OTNJFeb


Dr. Richard GibbsNew Zealand Sports Turf Instit ute

DefinitionsPlayability is a word often used to give an indication

of the extent to which a sports field can be used for a

particular sport:

Is the field p layable today or is it not?

Can we play an extra game this weekend orcant we?

We have three teams using the field this seasoninstead of one. The field can take the extra use,cant it?

What we really mean by playability depends on whowe are:

For players, they are particularly interested intheir quality of experience on the playing surface was the surface too muddy or too hard, did thesoccer ball bou nce erratically, was there any turf-grass present in the centre circle and goalmouth?

For coaches and administrators, they are particularlyinterested in the standard of the game andwhether they can get through all their scheduledgames and training sessions without having tocancel or postpone.

for turf managers, they are particularly interested

in sustainable usage, i.e., the level of use tha t thefield can sustain without causing so much damagethat the field needs major renovation or upgradingwork (which probably they cant afford anywaybecause the mainten ance bu dget isnt largeenough) . They want to be able to cont rol usage,but are often n ot in a position to do so.

Unfortunately, these definitions of playability frequently

result in a conflict of interest between the three groups of

people above because they do not necessarily work together

when managing a field. To the turf manager, maximum

playability does not mean as many games as possible with

no regard for anything else. For turf managers, over-use

and un-programmed use, inadequate maintenance budgets

and over-expectation by players, coaches and administrators

are common problems around the world. These problems

are far worse on soil-based sports fields compared with

more soph isticated sand-based sports fields. Use of a soil-based field is highly dependent on location, how it was

built and the type of soil it was built out of, plus the local

weather, soil conditions and type of use (eg. senior vs.

junior) at the time of play. What we need to do is replace

the words maximum playability with optimum playability.

In New Zealand, the majority of sports fields in schools,

colleges, clubs and local authorities are soil-based and the

amount of money spent on sports field maintenance is

quite small (equivalent to approx. US$2000 per hectare

per year, excluding labor) . We offer th ree key pieces of

advice to help manage these fields.

Managing Soil-Based FieldsFor Maximum Playability

New Growth and Technology

Managing Soil-Based FieldsFor Maximum Playabilit y

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1. Field Usage Must Be ManagedAny turf manager will be aware that all natural turf

has an upper (biological) limit of useexceed this limit

and the field deteriorates to an unacceptable standard

and costs of renovation become excessive. As the condit ion

of a soil-based field can chan ge very quickly, u sagemanagement becomes central to all management

practices. One of the bigger local authorities in New

Zealand (Manukau City near Auckland) has developed

a very pro-active management approach for their soil-

based sports fields. Their system involves:

Allocating facilities to match the need . ManukauCity has developed a compute rised booking systemthat is able to relate the condition of the turf sur-face to the amount of bookable use. The systemallows daily or weekly maximum use levels for anybookable sports field to be pre-set (and changedif necessary).

banning training on a premier field and in h ighwear zones like soccer goal mouths

communicating with affected parties

Regarding maintenance, the main requirement

under a restricted budget is for nitrogen in or der to get

adequate turfgrass growth to protect the surface. The

next priority is for physical cultivation (eg. slicing, Ve rti-

draining, mole ploughing). The t reatment selected is

highly site-specific and depends on:

correct identification of the problem(eg. surface sealing, depth of compaction,depth to free-draining layer)

soil type

use of the field (ie. how much surfacedisruption is acceptable)

availability of equipmentMany soil-based sports fields in New Zealand have

achieved spectacular improvemen ts in quality with th e

use of appropriately-timed physical cultivation.

Undersowing is the next p riority. Too often th is

operation is delayed until substantial turf cover has

been lost. A more cost-effective approach in New

Zealand, particularly with cool season grass fields, is to

top-up the field with small amounts of seed regularly

(eg. 25-50 kg/ ha [0.5-1.0 lb/ 1000 sq ft] peren nial rye-

grass). Premier grounds and practice fields in New

Zealand receive th is amount at least annually, whereas

less intensively used fields tend to be u ndersown every

second or third year.Finally, a summary of proposed annual maintenance

costs is extremely useful as a basis for setting budgets and

for comparing field usage performance against maint-

enance inputs. For example, the table below is typical

of the type of information provided to schools, colleges

and local authorities to help them improve the manage-

ment of their playing fields (note: this example is for

consumable an d con tractor items only, ie. excluding

in-house labor and machinery costs).

1.0 Fertiliser (in-house applicat ion)1.1 Supply Nitrophoska blue kg 960 0.98 940.801.2 Supply calcium ammonium nitrate kg 480 0.98 470.401.3 Supply gypsum kg 1000 0.30 300.00

2.0 Vert i-drain (cont ractor costs)2.1 2x treatments early Feb & late March L.S. 2 550.00 1100.00

3.0 Slicing (contractor costs)3.1 4x treatments, April, May, June, July L.S. 4 120.00 480.00

4.0 Seeding (contractor costs)4.1 Supply turf-type ryegrass, high endophyte kg 120 6.00 720.00

4.2 Drill ryegrass seed L.S. 1 100.00 100.00

5.0 Soil topdressing (in-house applicat ion)5.1 Supply topsoil to damaged goal mouth areas etc m3 5 125.00 625.005.2 Drill ryegrass seed at 50g/m2 m2 40 1.60 64.00

6.0 Weed spraying (cont ractor costs)6.1 Supply and apply Axall 3.5 litres/ha L.S. 1 275.00 275.006.2 Supply and apply Tribunil 2 kg/ha L.S. 1 235.00 235.00

To ta l $5310.20

Item Descr ipt ion Unit Quant ity Rate Cost (NZ$)

Sample Table Only Inser t Ow n Pr oducts, Rates, and Costs

L.S.=lump sum pr ice; Rate=kg/ha; Cost (NZ$)=New Zealand dollar s; NZ$=US $0.42

8/14/2019 OTNJFeb


Further Reading

Adams, W.A. & Gibbs, R.J. (1994). Natural Turf for Spor t and Amenity: Science & Practice, CAB International,Wallingford, UK, Chapter 6, pp. 208-248.

Findlay, R. (2001). Managing use of sports fields. NZ Turf Management Journal, February 2001, pp. 14-16.

Gibbs, R.J., Adams, W.A. & Baker, S.W. (1993). Playing quality, per formance and cost-effectiveness of soccerpitches in the UK. Int. Turfgrass Soc. Res. J. 7:212-221.

Slit drains are generally 50-75 mm (2-3 in) wide and

up to 350 mm (14 in) deep , installed along the contour

of a field to ensure their efficiency in intercepting surface

run-off (note that this is the opposite orientation of mole

drains). The final component of any slit drainage system

is an adequate layer of sand (min. 30 mm or just over 1

inch) to protect the integrity of the slit drains. This sandoverlay is generally established by progressively sand top-

dressing the field in order to retain the existing turfgrass

cover, although o ther meth ods are also available (eg.

applying a single 50 mm [2 in] sand depth and re-sowing).

It should be noted that the design of a slit drainage

system is very site- and location-specific. Careful consider-

ation needs to be given to the grade of the field, the type

of sand used, the depth of the sand used, the design

drainage rate and whether or n ot a large sur face-casting

earthworm population is present. This last point is partic-

ularly important as surface-casting earthworm s can lead

to a rapid deterioration of surface performance in the

absence of control, yet their control is understandablya subject of considerable debate and/ or legislation.

A slit drainage system is an excellent alternative to

full-scale reconstruction, but note it will require a much

more precise an d soph isticated level of management

compared with conventional soil-based or mole ploughed

fields. The underlying soil-based field is still retained as

only approximately 5% of the surface area is replaced.

Installation can be carried out with the minimum of

earthworks and there is little disruption to the existing

turf unlike with some of the more sophisticated sand-

based construction systems. The system has been shown

to provide the most cost-effective drainage and playing

quality per forman ce of any winter games sports field

construction system in the UK. The installation of the

drainage system can be staged over two or more years ifrequired (although this is not as desirable as installing

the complete system in one go).

A cheaper and less disruptive alternative to slit

drainage is to use a technique called gravel banding.

The system consists of gravel ban ds, 25 mm (1 in) wide,

250 mm (8 in) deep and spaced 400 mm (16 in) apart

installed using a trenchless system at right angles (or near

right angles) to an existing lateral pipe drain system.

They are a bit like gravel-filled mole plough drains and are

well suited to heavy, stone-free soils with impermeable

subsoils.

Finally, soil-based sports fields should n ever be

re-graded to a flat sur face. A slope aids surface drainageand makes installation of future drainage pipes easier

to achieve. Various orientations and grad es are possible

ranging from 1:50 (2%) to 1:100 (1%) . Re-grading is

a major exercise and h as a whole host of implications

for machinery and methodology selection beyond the

scope of this article.

If you would like more information about the NZ Sports Tu rfInstitute or would like to subscribe to the NZ Tu rf Man agement

Journal, please e-mail [email protected].

8/14/2019 OTNJFeb


Led by Dr. Parwinder GrewalOhio State University

Tur fgr ass Entomology and Nematology

Research and Extension Program

Program Highlights

Tur fgr ass Entomology and Nematology

Research and Extension Program

Brief resume

Current Position and Address:

Associate Professor of Entomology and Nematologyand Turfgrass Extension Specialist

Oh io State Un iversity

Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center,

Wooster, OH 44691

Phone: 330-263-3963; Fax: 330-263-3686;

E-mail: [email protected]

Previous Positions Held:

Assistant Professor o f Entomology, OARDC, Oh io

State University, Wooster, Ohio, 1997 - 2001

Scientific Advisor to the Director, Bio Integrated

Technology, Perugia, Italy (2 months), 1997 - 1997

Research Group Leader , Insect Pathology, Biosys, Inc.,

Columbia, Maryland, 1995 - 1997

Senior Scientist, In sect Pathology, Biosys, Inc., Palo

Alto, California, 1993 - 1995

Post-doctoral Research Associate, Entomology, Rutgers

University, New Jersey, 1991 - 1993

Higher Scientific Officer, Entomology, HRI,

Littlehampton, England, 1989 - 1991

Scientific Officer, Entom ology, HRI, Littlehampton,

England, 1987 - 1989

Scientist, Entomology and Nem atology, NCMRT,

Solan, India, 1984 - 1987

Education:

1990 Ph.D. Zoology, Imperial College, London

University, London, U.K.

1983 MS Plant Pa thology (Thesis in Nematology),

Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana,

Punjab, India

1981 BS Agriculture (Hons: Plant Protection) ,

Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana,

Punjab, India

Turfgr ass Researcher,Dr. Parwinder Grewal

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Outstanding achievementsof graduate studentsBrian Kunkel

First Place, Studen t Paper competition

(oral presentation) , Society of Nematologists,

Salt Lake City, Utah, August 2001.

Won Departments DeLong Award to attend

ESA meet ing in December 2001.

Organized two Insect Night Walks at OARDC,

June 2000 and June 2001; over 340 participan ts.

Gave an out of state invited extension presentationon the diagnosis and control of white grubs at

the University of Pennsylvania, University Park,

February 2000.

Research paper: Kun kel, B., Grewal, P. S. and

Power, K. T. 2001. A simple method to remove

Neotyphodium endophytes from perennial ryegrass

and tall fescue seed. Grass and Forage Science

(in press)

Current students and post-doctoral researchers

in Dr. Grewals Laboratory and the ir research projects

Li Tan

Awarded O hio State University Presidential

Fellowship for 2002.

Won $5,000 in OARDC Directors Graduate

Research Grants Competition in June 2001.

Research Paper: Tan, L. and Grewal, P. S. 2001.

Pathogenicity ofMoraxella osloensis, a bacterium

associated with the nematode Phasmarhabditis

hermaphrodita to the gray garden slug. Appliedand Environmental Microbiology 67, 510-516.

Research p aper: Tan, L. and Grewal, P. S. 2001.

Infection behavior of the rhabditid nematode

Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita to the gray garden

slug, Deroceras reticulatum. Journal of Parasitology 87,

1349-1354.

Name Title Research Project

Kevin T. Power Research Associate Field efficacy of biological and chemical pestic ides in turfgrass

Brian A. Kunkel Ph.D. Student Multitrophic interactions between fungal endophytes of turfgrasses,

black cutworm and entomopathogenic nematodes

Tan Li Ph.D. Student Mechanisms of virulence of molluscicidal nematodes to the grey

garden slug

Corrie Gardner M.S. Student Population dynamics of endemic entomopathogenic nematodes

on a golf course

Alfred Alumai M.S. Student Distribution of entomopathogenic and plant-parasitic nematodes

on managed and undisturbed grasslands in Ohio and Uganda

M.S. Nahar Ph.D. Student Using nematode community indices to predict soil quality

Ganpat B. Jagdale Post-doctoral Researcher Mechanisms of suppression of plant-parasitic nematodes by

entomopathogenic nematodes

Douglas Richmond Post-doctoral Researcher Effects of above- and below-ground insect pests on weed invasion

and establishment in endophytic and no-endophytic turf stands

Sukhbir K. Grewal Post-doctoral Researcher Developing novel methods of application of insecticidal and

molluscicidal nematodes

Sepp o Salminen Post-doctoral Researcher Effects of cultural practices on insect resistance in endophytic turfgrasses

Nethi Somasekhar Post-doctoral Researcher Non-target effects of entomopathogenic nematodes and fungal

endophytes in turfgrass

Elizabeth De Nardo Visiting Scientist Non-target effects of entomopathogenic nematodes on soil fauna

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Recent Resear ch Publicat ions:

Book Chapters

Grewal, P. S. 2002. Formulation and Application

Technology. In: Entomopathogenic Nematology

(R. Gaugler, Ed.), CABI Publishing, Wallingford,

UK, pp. 265-287.

Klein, M. G., Grewal, P. S. and Jackson , T. A. 2000. Lawn,

Turf and Grassland Pests. In: Field Manual of

Techniques of Invertebrate Pathology (L. Lacey and

H. K. Kaya, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers,

The Netherlands, pp. 681-706.

Grewal, P. S. & Georgis, R. 1998. Entomopathogenic

nematodes. In: Biopesticides: Use and Delivery (Hall,

F. R. & J. J. Menn, Eds.), Humana Press, Totowa NJ,

pp . 271-299.

Peer reviewed Research Papers

Grewal, P. S. 2002. Enhanced survival of desiccation

avoiding entomopathogenic nematodes in a

granular formulation th rough cold preconditioning.

Biocontrol Science and Technology (in press)

Grewal, P. S., Grewal, S. K., and Klein, M. G. 2002.

Differences in susceptibility of intr oduced and native

white grub species to en tomopathogenic nematodes

from various localities. Biological Control (in press)

Grewal, P. S. and Wang, X. 2002. In fective juvenile

longevity correlates with environmental stress

tolerance in populations of an en tomopathogen ic

nematode. International Journal of Parasitology

(in press)

Jagdale, G. B. and Grewal, P. S. 2002. Identification of

alternatives for the management o f foliar nematodes

in floriculture. Pest Management Science ( in press)

Jagdale, G. B., Somasekhar, N., Grewal, P. S., and Klein,

M. G. 2002. Suppression of plant-parasitic

nematodes with application of live and dead

entomopathogenic nematodes on boxwood

(Buxus spp.). Biological Control (in press)

Krishnayya, P. V. and Grewal, P. S. 2002. Effect of neem

and selected fun gicides on viability and virulence of

the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae.

Biocontrol Science and Technology (in press)

Kunkel, B., Grewal, P. S., and Power, K. T. 2002. A simple

method to remove Neotyphodium endophytes from

perenn ial ryegrass and tall fescue seed . Grass and

Forage Science (in press)

Salminen, S. and Grewal, P. S. 2002. Does decreased

mowing frequency enhance alkaloid production inthe endophytic tall fescue and perennial ryegrass?

Journal of Chemical Ecology (in press)

Somasekhar, N., Grewal, P. S., DeNardo, E. A. B., and

Stinner, B. R. 2002. Entomopathogenic nematodes

suppress plant-parasitic but not free-living

nematodes in soil: a beneficial non-target effect?.

Journal of Applied Ecology (in press)

Somasekhar, N., Grewal, P. S., and Klein, M. G. 2002.

Genetic variability in stress tolerance and fitness

among natural populations ofSteinernema

carpocaosae. Biological Control (in press)

Wang, X., and Grewal, P. S. 2002. Rapid deterioration of

environmen tal tolerance and reproductive potential

of an entomopathogenic nematode during laboratory

maintenance. Biological Control 23, 71-78.

Grewal, P. S. Grewal, S. K., Taylor, R. A. J., and

Hammond, R. B. 2001. Application of molluscicidal

nematodes to slug shelters: A novel approach to

economic biological control of slugs. Biological Control

22, 72-80

Grewal, P. S., Power, K. T., and Shetlar, D. J. 2001.

Neonicotino id insecticides alter d iapause beh avior

and survival of overwintering white grubs

(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Pest Management Science

57, 852-857.

Lewis, E. E, Grewal, P. S., and Sardan elli, S. 2001.

Interactions between the Steinernema feltiae-Xenorhabdus

bovienii insect pathogen complex and the root-knot

nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Biological Control 21,

55-62.

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Tan, L. and Grewal, P. S. 2001. Infection behavior of the

rhabditid nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita to

the gray garden slug, Deroceras reticulatum. Journal of

Parasitology 87, 1349-1354.

Tan, L. and Grewal, P. S. 2001. Pathogenicity ofMoraxella

osloensis, a bacterium associated with the nematode

Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita to the gray garden slug.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, 510-516.

Grewal, P. S. 2000. Anhydrobiotic potential and

long-term storage of entomopathogenic nematodes(Rhabditida: Steinernematidae). International

Journal of Parasitology 30, 995-1000.

Grewal, P. S. 2000. Enhanced ambient storage stability

of an en tomopathogenic nematode through

anhydrobiosis. Pest Management Science 56, 401-406.

Gaugler, R., Grewal, P. S., Kaya, H. K., and

Smith-Fiola, D. 2000. Quality assessment of

commercially produced en tomopathogenic

nematodes. Biological Control 17, 100-109.

Koppenhofer, A. M., Grewal, P. S., and Kaya, H . K. 2000.

Synergism of imidacloprid and entomopathogenic

nematodes against white grubs: the mechanism.

Entomologia Expermentalis Applicata 94, 283-293.

Koppenhofer, A. M., Brown, I. M., Gaugler, R., Grewal,

P. S., Kaya, H. K., and Klein, M. G. 2000. Synergism

of entomopathogenic nematodes and imidacloprid

against white grubs: Greenhouse and field

evaluation. Biological Control 19, 245-251.

Grewal, P. S., Lewis, E. E, an d Venkatachari, S. 1999.

Allelopathy: A possible mechanism of suppressionof plant-parasitic nematodes by entomopathogenic

nematodes. Nematology1, 735-743.

Grewal, P. S., Converse, V., and Georgis, R. 1999. Influence

of production and bioassay methods on infectivity of

two ambush foragers (Nematoda: Steinernematidae).

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology73, 40-44.

Converse, V. and Grewal, P. S. 1998. Virulence of

entomopathogen ic nematodes to the western

masked chafer Cyclocephala hirta (Coleoptera:

Scarabaeidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 91,

428-432.

Grewal, P. S., Webb, K., van Beek, N. A. M.,

Dimock, M. B., and Georgis, R. 1998. Virulence

ofAnagrapha falcifera nuclear polyhedrosis virus to

economically significant Lepidoptera. Journal of

Economic Entomology91, 1302-1306.

Grewal, P. S., Weber, T. A., and Betterley, D. A. 1998.

Compatibility of Steinernema feltiae with ch emicals

used in mushroom production. Mushroom News 46,

6-10.

Grewal, P. S., Martin, W. R., Miller, R. W., an d

Lewis, E. E. 1997. Suppression of plant-parasitic

nematodes in tur fgrass by entomopathogen ic

nematodes. Biocontol Science and Technology7, 393-399.

Grewal, P. S. 1999. Factors in the success and failure of

microbial control in turfgrass. Integrated Pest

Management Reviews 4, 287-294.

Major extension articles published:

Grewal, P. S. 2001. Entomop athogenic nematodes for

turfgrass pest management. Turfgrass Trends 10, 1-5.

Grewal, P. S. 2001. Using entomopathogenic nematodes

for turfgrass pest control. TurfNews 63(3), 20-27.

Grewal, P. S. 1998. Insect-parasitic nematodes: A natural

resource in your backyard. TurfNews 60, 5-6.

Grewal, P. S. 1998. How to use entomopathogenic n ematodes

in turfgrass? www2.oardc.ohio-state.edu/ nematodes;

A Fact Sheet.

Grewal, P. S. and Power, K. T. 1998. A list of suppliers of

entomopathogenic nematodes.

www2.oardc.ohio-state.edu/nematodes.

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Message From YourExecutive Director

(OSTMA) created a new task force committee to address

opportunities for the three organizations to work in a collabo-

rative effort thus strengthening Ohios entire tur f industry;

3) The important new Research Review Advisory

Committee (RRAC) was formed, including members from

the O SU Turfgrass Science Team, OTF and OTRT. This new

committee will help ensure that available research funds are

used most effectively, and that information is made readily

available to the OTF membership. You will be hearing a lotmore about the RRAC in future issues of TurfNews;

4) Th e number of trustees serving the Board of Directors

was reduced from 14 to 11 so th at the trustees can focus

more on directing the future of OTF, while a stron ger

committee structure will allow for increased volunteer

opportunities at the committee level.

OTFs research contributions over its 40-year history

exceed $3.5 million an d studen t scholarship contributions

now exceed $345,000.

Now entering my fourth year as your Executive Director,

I am very excited about the many challenges and oppor-

tunities that 2002 presents. We plan to work closely with alliedassociations in developing and expanding OTFs educational

programs, increase funding of turfgrass research through

the O TRT and the RRAC, continue to add member benefits,

and develop closer communication with our members.

Again, I would like to thank Len Dunaway for his valuable

leadership, and the entire Board of Directors for its support

of staff. I would also like to th ank the OSU Turfgrass Science

Team for helping us fulfill our purpose, and to the m any

volunteers who help make the Ohio Turfgrass Conference

& Show the best of its kind. I look forward to working with

our 2002 President Mark Heinlein and Board of Directors

as we continue to make OTF the best turfgrass organization

in the country.

I wish all of our readers a prosperous andHappy New Year!

Cordially,Kevin Thompson

OTF Executive Director


While faced with many challenges in 2001, the OhioTurfgrass Foundation experienced another successful year

in celebrating its 40th Anniversary as an organization.

A large part of that success can be attributed to the valuable

leadership of our President Len Dun away and the OTF

Board of Directors. I would like to thank Len for his past

service to OTF, and look forward to his continued service

on the Board of Directors as 2002 Immediate Past President.

Lens comm itment to O hios turfgrass industry datesback 27 years. He has served a variety of tur fgrass and

civic organizations and und erstands the importan t role

as a volunteer leader. Len joins a long list of great OTF

Past Presidents.

In brief review, OTF again donated a substantial amount

of money to research and to the Turfgrass Research Facility at

The Oh io State Un iversity totaling $111,470. Additionally,

scholarships amoun ting to $25,000 were presented to students

in Ohios turfgrass programs, including the important new

Dayton Foundations Ronald D. Baker Scholarships. Doug

Halterman, President of the Ohio Turfgrass Research Trust,

deserves much credit for making these scholarship funds

available to OSU turf studen ts.Under Presidents Dunaways leadership, impo rtant

progress was made in a variety of areas, including but not

limited to:

1) A new Strategic Plan was developed that focuses on

the conference and show, and will solidify its future as the

leading event of its kind in the country;

2) Trustees from OTF, the Ohio Lawn Care Association

(OLCA), and the O hio Sports Turf Managers Association

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N. Illinois (800) 411-5115

S. Illinois (800) 373-5305

Indiana (800) 225-6793

Michigan (800) 727-2791

Ohio (800) 222-9963

Wisconsin (800) 362-8049

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2002 OTF OfficersPresident

Mark HeinleinThe Motz Group

Vice PresidentJohn MowatCentury Equipmen t

TreasurerGeorge FurrerLesco, In c.

Immediate Past PresidentLen DunawayXenia Power Equipmen t

Director of Education

Dr. John R. StreetThe Oh io State Un iversity

Executive Direct orKevin ThompsonOTF/ Offinger Management Co.

OSU TurfgrassScience TeamDr.Michael J. BoehmThe Ohio State UniversityDept. Plant Pathology

Dr.Karl DannebergerThe Ohio State UniversityDept. Hort. & Crop Science

Mr.Michael FultonThe Ohio State UniversityAgricultural Technical Institute

Dr.David GardnerThe Ohio State UniversityDept. Hort. & Crop Science

Dr.Parwinder GrewalOARDC/OSUDept. Entomology

Dr. Ed McCoyOARDCSchool of Natural Resources

Mr. Joseph W. Rimelspach (Chairman)The Ohio State UniversityDept. Plant Pathology

Ms. Pamela SherrattThe Ohio State UniversityDept. Hort. & Crop Science

Dr.Dave ShetlarThe Ohio State UniversityDept. Entomology

Dr.John R.StreetThe Ohio State UniversityDept. Hort. & Crop Science

Dr.Daniel VoltzThe Ohio State University

OTF Board of TrusteesTrustees

Term Expires 2003Dr.Chuck DarrahCLC LABS

Mark GrunkemeyerBuckeye Ecocare

Mark JordanWestfield Companies Coun try Club

TrusteesTerm Expires 2004

Boyd MontgomerySylvania Recreation

Lin RoppUHS

Todd VossDoub le Eagle Golf Club

TrusteesTerm Expires 2005

Glen PottengerGreen Velvet Sod Farms

PO Box 3388

Zanesville, OH 437023388

888OTF3445

Fax (740) 4522552

Return Service Requested

PRESRT STD

U.S.POSTAGE P

COLUMBUS,O

PERMIT #7780

OTNJFeb

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