Output Documents from Hevea Research Platform in Partnership HRPP The First Seminar and Workshops, January 27 th -28 th , 2009, Bangkok, THAILAND March 2009
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Output Documents
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Hevea Research Platform in Partnership HRPP
The First Seminar and Workshops, January 27th-28th, 2009, Bangkok, THAILAND
March 2009
Document Content Document no. 1 Summary of outputs 1 Document no. 2 Summary of current projects (29 January 09) 5 Document no. 3 Workshop conclusions (28 January 09) 9 Document no. 4 Tables of HRPP projects by thematic 21 Document no. 5 Global Scientific Project of HRPP (29 January 2009) 27 Document no. 6 Contact list of participants 51
CD Content
Welcome addresses and opening speeches Scientific presentations and abstracts Selection of pictures Output document (pdf file of the present document)
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Document no. 1
Summary of Outputs
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Hevea Research Platform in Partnership, HRPP 1st Annual Seminar, 27-28 January 2009
1st Scientific Committee, 29 January 2009 2nd Steering Committee, 29 January 2009
Miracle Grand Hotel, Bangkok
Summary of Main Outputs 03 February 2009
Introduction The Hevea Research Platform in Partnership (HRPP) has been created on 26 May 2008, following the signing ceremony of a SMOU between the 4 core members of the platform, namely Kasetsart University, Prince of Songkla University, Department of Agriculture and CIRAD. The first Annual Seminar of the platform was held at Bangkok from 27 to 29 January 2009, gathering more than 100 participants. The Associated Members of the Platform were represented as follows: on the Thai side, Mahidol University, Khon Kaen University, Ubon Rachathani University, on the French side, INRA, IRD, University of Montpellier II, University Blaise Pascal of Clermont-Ferrand. Montpellier SupAgro was not able to attend the seminar and addressed a letter to the Scientific Committee to apologize for its absence. 27 January: Introduction and Scientific Seminar The HRPP 1st Annual Seminar started with welcoming addresses of representatives from the Commission of Higher Education and from the French Embassy. Then, each of the 4 core members gave introducing remarks followed by institutional presentations from Ubon Ratchathanee University and Mae Jo University. The HRPP President concluded the introduction of the Seminar, giving a summary of the last events and reminding the main objectives of the HRPP Seminar and Workshops. The Scientific Seminar started in the afternoon. Recent advances in research of the 4 main scientific topics covered by the platform were presented through 8 oral communications (2 communications per topic): 1) Agronomy, Ecophysiology & Environment, 2) Biotechnology and Genetics, 3) Socio-Economy, 4) Technology and Quality. 28 January 2009: Thematic Workshop Sessions The second day of the Seminar was devoted to the thematic workshops gathering all the involved HRPP researchers. Main objectives of these workshops were: 1) to have an in-depth look at the running projects (status, results, continuation, funding,
prospects), 2) to identify new centers of common interest in order to propose new projects to be started. In addition to these 4 “scientific” workshops, a fifth one was devoted to Training and Education, especially to the creation of a new curriculum of integrated training on rubber tree and natural rubber. The President of the Thai Rubber Association (75% of the Thai natural rubber production i.e. 1/4 of the world production) allowed to clearly identify the needs of the Thai rubber sector in terms of high education: an Integrated Professional Master covering a scope “from the rubber seed to the block rubber” is hoping to answer the needs of the sector. A Working Group gathering one representative of each core members (and an active participation of Montpellier SupAgro requested) has been set-up in order to write this new
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curriculum by June 2009. It is hoped to launch this Rubber Master in June 2010. Building-up this new curriculum is considered as a priority within the activities of HRPP. Each of the 5 workshops issued a summary report (see Annex 1) and updated tables for all the projects. Coordinators of each workshop gave a restitution of their working group during the afternoon plenary session. Following the outputs of the workshops and discussion during the plenary session, the coordinators worked for updating the HRPP Scientific Project document, and the project summary table to be presented at the Scientific Committee Meeting on 29 January morning. 29 January 2009: Scientific and Steering Committees 1st Scientific Committee Eleven out of the twelve members of the Scientific Committee were represented. The representative of Montpellier SupAgro issued a letter to apologize for his absence and to strongly recall the strong commitment of his institution to continue in contributing to collaborate with the HRPP research projects (sandwich thesis) as well as in supporting the building-up of a new training curriculum on Rubber. Members of the Scientific Committee proceeded with the election of the Chairman: Assoc. Professor Dr. Sayan Sdoodee, crop physiologist from Prince of Songkla University was appointed for 1 year mandate. Each member gave a short presentation of his institution. The Scientific Committee debated the different outputs and conclusions of the thematic workshop sessions and approved the updated HRPP scientific program, providing some minor amendments. Major HRPP events in 2009 were discussed and a drafted Annual Operational Plan proposed including the next Annual Seminar to be scheduled in October 2009. Regarding this Seminar, the Scientific Committee proposed to rearrange the time sharing between seminar and workshops (time for introductive speeches to be decreased, time for workshops to be increased). An activity report will be written by the Coordinator who will collect relevant information including publication list and summary of activities from each project coordinator. The Scientific Committee suggested to identifying active researchers in each project in order to build-up a HRPP expertise database providing summary CVs, fields of expertise and publications. Finally, the Scientific Committee validated the candidacy of Mr. Chaiya Kongmanee, socio-economist from Prince of Songkla University for the 2009 HRPP excellence scholarship proposed by the French Embassy in Thailand (sandwich PhD.). 2nd Steering Committee Each of the 4 core members of the Platform were represented at this second meeting of the HRPP Steering Committee. The HRPP Coordinator reported on debates and conclusions of the 1st Scientific Committee. The Steering Committee validated the date of the next HRPP seminar (October 2009), providing the complete funding of this meeting to be secured. The different proposals from the Scientific Committee regarding the HRPP Annual Activity Report and the construction of a data base on HRPP scientific expertise through the gathering of simplified CVs of all HRPP researchers were validated. The HRPP scientific program 2009 was adopted by the Steering Committee. The Steering Committee accepted the candidacy of Mae Jo University as HRPP Associated Member.
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The 4 core members agreed to gather and share the financial and human resources involvement of each of them devoted to HRPP training and research activities. When completed, this information will show to potential external funding agencies the huge financial involvement of core members in the on-going projects. The Steering Committee wished to establishing general guidelines defining clear rules for the entrance modalities of a new HRPP member (core, associated, others) as well as for the proposal of a new scientific project to be included in the HRPP Scientific Program. The 3 last issues debated by the Steering Committee concerned: 1) approval of the candidacy of Mr. Chaiya Kongmanee, PSU Faculty of Economics regarding the French Embassy scholarship; 2) necessity to quickly create an “HRPP Centre of Information” in order to strengthen the communication between members; 3) necessity for HRPP to have its activities to be evaluated by an external evaluation panel, as mentioned in the HRPP SMOU. Finally, it must be underlined that an HRPP logo contest has been launched during the seminar for all participants. Contact Person: HRPP Coordinator [email protected]
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Document no. 2
Summary of current projects (Updated Table summarized from HRPP Global Scientific Project)
29 January 2009
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HRPP PROJECT SUMMARY TABLE
updated JANUARY 2009
TITLE
Fin
ishe
d
On
Goi
ng
Pro
posa
l
KU
PS
U
DO
A/R
RIT
CIR
AD
Mon
tpel
lier
Sup
Agr
o
Uni
vers
ite
Mon
tpel
lier
II
INR
A
Uni
vers
ite B
lais
e P
asca
l
IRD
MU
KK
U
Ubo
n R
ajat
hane
e U
nive
rsity
Oth
ers
Projects (updated)1. Socio-Economics Projects
1.1 Socioeconomic analysis of the tapping systems in different zones of Thailand �
fnr,
surat34 XX
CMU,
MJU,
ORRAF
1.2 On-Farm Trials for Innovation on Tapping Systems� fnr fe (crrc) 34 ORRAF
1.3 Socioeconomic feasibility of LITS in the south of Thailand� fnr 34
1.4 Evolution of the Rubber Growing in the South� fnr 34
1.5 Economic Impact of rubber growing in the low land area� fnr 34
2. Agronomy, Physiology and Environment
2.1 Productivity of Rubber Tree and Latex Physiology
2.1.1 Operation 1: Development innovative tapping systems (DCA strategy and others) � fagr fnr crrc 34 Agric
2.1.2 Operation 2: Relationships between starch metabolism and latex production � fagr crrc 80/34 piaf
2.1.3 Operation 3: Interactions between mineral nutrition and yield potential of rubber tree � crrc 80/34 XX Agric
2.2 Carbon, Water and Energy Exchanges of Rubber Ecosystems
2.2.1 Operation 4: Quantification and partitioning of CO2 and water fluxes of a rubber plantation � fagr crrc 80 ephyse
2.2.2 Operation 5: Assessment of net primary productivity (NPP) of rubber plantation. � fagr fnr crrc 80 Agric
2.2.3 Operation 6: Effect of environmental stresses on leaf gas exchanges � fagr fnr crrc 80 piaf
2.2.4 Operation 7: Water relationships as related to tapping, climate and soil conditions � fagr fnr crrc 80 piaf clifa fagpsnr
2.3 – Transversal operations
2.3.1 Operation 8: Development of new methodologies for ecophysiological measurements � fagr fnr crrc 80 piaf clifa fagpsnr
2.3.2 Operation 9: Development of a database on multi-local experiment � fagr fnr crrc 80 piaf clifa fagpsnr
3. Biotechnologies and the Performances of Rubber Planting Material
3.1 Genetic Determinism and QTL Identification for Traits Related with Rubber Cropping �
fagr
cgebcrrc 96 piaf
3.2 – Marker Aided Selection (MAS) in rubber tree�
fagr
cgebcrrc 96 clifa fsc
3.3 – Toward a map based cloning & sequencing of the latex yield QTL identified in GENEMAP-1 � crrc 96 clifa fsc biotec
3.4 – QTL mapping of drought tolerance from new progenie(s)
�fagr
cgebcrrc 96 piaf piaf fsc biotec
3.5 Validation of molecular marker of stress (TPN) and of proteic marker of yield � crrc 96 clifa fsc
3.6 Application of Somatic Embryogenesis for the Propagation of New Clones on their own Roots � crrc 96
4. Technology and Rubber Quality
4.1 Non Consistency of NR : Effect of Non-Isoprene�
faind
kapifsit 62 sabp clifa fsc
private
sector
4.2 Characterization of Post-harvest Maturation of Cup Coagula �
faind
kapifsit 62 sabp
private
sector
4.3 Advanced technologies in NR processing to address environmental issues � mstrc gpeb
Partners
STATUS CORE MEMBERS PROPOSED ASSOCIATED MEMBERS
Remark: Coordinators
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Summary of HRPP projects - Jan 2009
Legend
34 Performance of tree crop-based systems research unit, Cirad Persyst62 Agropolymer engineering and emerging technologies joint research unit Cirad Persyst , UM2, SupAgro, INRA80 Functioning and management of tree-based planted ecosystems research unit, Cirad Persyst96 Plant Development and Genetic ImprovementJoint research Unit Cirad Bios, UM2, SupAgro, INRA
cgeb Center for genetic engineering and Biotechnology, KU Kamphaeng Saenclifa Climate and Functioning of Agroecosystems research unit, IRDcrrc Chachoengsao Rubber research Center, DOA
ephyse Functional ecology and environmental physic research unit, INRAfagpsnr Faculty of Agriculture, department of plant science and natural resources, Kon Khaen University
fagr Faculty of Agriculture, KU Bangkhenfaind Faculty of agroindustry, KU Bangkhen
fem Faculty of environmental Management, PSU Hadyaifeng Faculty of Engineering, PSU Hadyai
fnr Faculty of natural ressources, PSU Hadyaifsc Faculty of Sciences, MU Bangkokfsit Faculty of sciences and industrial technologies, PSU Surat
gpeb Chemical engineering water and bioproducts joint research unit UM2, UM1, Ciradirc Institut des region chaudes, Montpellier SupAgro
kapi Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product. Improvement Institute, KU Bangkhenmstrc MSTRC membrane Science and technology research center, PSU Hadyai
piaf Integrated physics and physiology of fruit and forest trees, joint research unit INRA, UBPpsp Polymer Sciences Program, Faculty of Science, PSU Hadyai
sabp Sciences for Agrobioprocesses Department , Montpellier SupAgro
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Document no. 3
Workshop conclusions 28 January 2009
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HEVEA RESEARCH PLATFORM IN PARTNERSHIP (HRPP) Scientific Seminar on January 28th, 2009
WORKSHOP CONCLUSIONS
Conclusions of the workshop “Agronomy, Physiology and Environment”
Animators of the session:
- Dr Sayan Sdodee, Prince of Songkla University - Dr Frederic Gay, CIRAD
Number of participants: 21 The group reviewed each of the nine operations listed in the scientific project drawn up in 2007. For each project, the group discussed the opportunity to carry it on in 2009, identified new partners and/or new experimental sites, identified the researchers involved in and appointed a coordinator, and set-up an action plan for 2009. The group also discussed proposal on new project. The project table of the group was updated accordingly. OP1 : Development of innovative tapping systems This operation focuses since 2000 on the DCA system with trials in CRRC, Chantaburi and Songkla provinces. Ubon Rachatanee University has expressed is intention to join this operation and set-up a new trial in its experimental plantation. Dr E.Gohet expressed the great importance of this operation for his CIRAD research unit. He therefore proposed to extend the scope of this operation to Controlled Upward Tapping systems (CUTS) and Low Intensity Tapping Systems (LITS) Plan for 2009 :
- carry on on-going DCA trials - draft a project proposal on CUTS and LITS experiments
Coordinator : Dr Antoine Leconte, CIRAD, [email protected] OP2 : Impact of tapping on TPN The group underlined that the scientific originality of this operation relies in the molecular approach developed by the IRD/MU team. The design of the agronomic trial is indeed not different to what is done in OP1. Therefore, the group proposed that the “Genetic” group takes in charge this operation as of 2009. OP3 : Impact of tapping on carbohydrate reserves and sugar metabolism This operation has been pending since the end of Dr. Pisamai’s PhD thesis. Following the great relevance of this thematic to the understanding of mechanism of latex production stressed by Dr. Gohet, the group proposed to boost this operation in 2009. The project will focus on study of the enzymes involved in reserve formation and use in rubber tree. Next, Dr A. Guilliot from UBP presented the background and scientific framework of this project. Plan for 2009 :
- draft a detailed scientific project - start preliminary work with a master degree student to be identified among the Thai
universities involved in the HRPP,
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- look for a PhD student for 2010 Coordinator : Dr Pisamai Chantuma, DOA, CRRC, [email protected] OP4 : Mineral nutrition and tapping This operation was proposed in 2007 to be discussed in 2008. Nothing has been done in 2008. Actually, the origin of this proposal is not clear. Dr. E.Gohet pointed out the complexity of fertilisation experiments as he set up this year for the IFC group. He added that despite the great interest of his research unit for this topic, no researcher of his unit will be available to help in setting-up such experiment. Nevertheless, the group decided to keep this operation as mineral nutrition might be a limiting factor of latex yield in very intensive tapping systems as the one used by Thai smallholders. Plan for 2009 : Draft a document with three objectives:
- identified HRPP members interested to be involved in this operation - elaborate on the issue of fertilisation and mineral nutrition impact on rubber production in
Thailand based on update information about farmers’practices regarding fertilisation. Collaboration with the socio-economic group would be useful for that.
- assess the feasibility of fertilisation experiments based on the protocol developed by Dr. E.Gohet for the IFC project.
Coordinator : Asst. Pro. Dr. Manas Losirikul, UBU, [email protected] OP5 : Measurements of CO2, water and energy fluxes There were no major comments on this operation which has been set-up in 2006 at CRRC. This operation will get the financial support of the PHC program (soil carbon) for scientific exchanges between France and Thailand. Plan for 2009 :
- Carry on the experiment in CRRC - Carry out a quantitative follow-up of soil respiration throughout the year with assessment
of heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration using the trench-plot method - Setting up a training programme on eddy-correlation
Coordinator: Dr Frederic Gay, CIRAD, [email protected] OP6 : Biomass and net primary productivity (NPP) This operation has been carried out in parallel of OP5 at CRRC. Activities have been concentrated on the PhD thesis of Mr.Naruenat Chairungsee. The group suggested that research on root growth carried out by the KKU/IRD team in Buriram province is included in the operation. It also proposed to gather information about biomass accumulation of rubber tree collected by the HRPP members in order to validate in a wide range o eco-climatic conditions the model of Arak Chantuma that predicts tree biomass based on trunk girth. This operation will get the financial support of the PHC program (Soil carbon) for scientific exchanges between France and Thailand, and from the IFC programm “Soil and Water” for the development of an automated system for acquisition of root picture from rhizotron. Plan for 2009
- Carry on the experiment in CRRC - Set-up the automated system for acquisition of root picture from rhizotron - Collect information from HRRP members and set-up a network of experimental sites
Coordinator : Mr. Arak Chantuma, DOA, [email protected] OP7 : Effect of stress on leaf gas exchanges Previously, this operation has focused on the effect of temperature on photosynthesis. The group proposed to focus now on the effect of drought. Activities will be mainly carried out at CRRC with possible extension to PSU.
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Plan for 2009 - Experiments on effect of drought at CRRC
Coordinator : Assoc.Prof. Dr.Poonpipope Kasemsap, KU, [email protected] OP8 : Water relationships as related to tapping and climate This operation was previously limited to activities carried out at CRRC by CIRAD, KU and DOA. The group proposed to extend to research implemented in Buriram province by the IRD/KKU and by PSU. This operation will get the financial support of the PHC program “Water relationships of rubber tree” for scientific exchange and of the IFC program “Soil and Water” for some specific measurements. The group also highlighted the necessity to train people in Thailand to the making of sap flow probes as those probes are essential for basic research in plant water relationships. Plan for 2009
- carry on experiments in CRRC, Buriram and PSU - organise a scientific seminar in May or June to compare results obtained in the different
location and setting-up an action plan for 2009-2010. - Set-up training on sap flow probes making
Coordinator : Dr. Frederic Do, IRD, [email protected] OP9: Development of new methodologies for ecophysiological measurements. The group agreed on the main objective of this operation “Developed low cost, handy, automated, wireless, harmless devices applicable at field level for large scale field studies» . The activities on automated system for root picture acquisition and soil respiration listed in this operation in 2007 have been removed because those techniques are not made for specific research activities not to help in large scale field study. Plan for 2009 : for this year the operation will focused on the three following techniques
- hemispherical photographs for LAI estimation - simplification of diagnostic latex for on-farm diagnosis - application of the PEPIPIAF system for measurement of micro-variation of trunk
diameter Coordinator: Dr. Frederic Gay, CIRAD, [email protected] Proposal of a new operation: Development of a database from multi-local experiments This operation is set-up to address the following issue “How to develop a network of experimental site along the agro-climatic gradient for rubber cultivation in Thailand to study the effect of agro-climatic conditions on rubber performances ?” In this perspective Dr. Frederic Gay proposed to build-up a database from similar experiments implemented in different ecological conditions by HRPP members. Some people of the group expressed their concern about sharing their data. Nevertheless, the group decided to launch this operation in 2009 with the following activities :
- establish a database of researchers of the HRPP members who carry out activities in the field of the Agronomy, Ecophysiology and Environment group with their name, complete details and main research activities,
- build-up a database of the DCA experiments carried out within the operation1 including latex production and climatic data.
Coordinator: Dr Frederic Gay, CIRAD, [email protected]
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Conclusions of the workshop “Socio-economics”
Participants of the workshop 8 persons (permanent) + 1 visiting auditor Dr. Buncha Somboonsuke, animator PSU/Hat Yai Dr. Bénédicte Chambon, animator CIRAD RU34, Montpellier Mr. Chaiya Kongmanee PSU/Hat Yai Ms. Kanokporn Pacheerat PSU/Hat Yai Ms. Pornpan Sae Wong PSU/Hat Yai Ms. Narumon Preaksa PSU/Hat Yai Dr. Suchart Choengthong PSU/Surat Thani Mr. Prawit Wongsukon Ubon Ratchathani University Dr. Wullop Santipracha PSU/Hat Yai Updating of the projects In 2007, three projects had been identified. After discussion, it was decided to maintain all the projects with some minor modifications (title changed, expected outcomes specified). It should be noted that:
- Project 1: due to their interest, PSU Surat Thani and Ubon Ratchathani will be involved in this project in 2009.
- Project 2: we decided to limit the project to the South of Thailand in a first step (not extend to the northern regions as proposed in 2007): continue the trial in the Songkhla province, and possibly extend to Surat Thani if funding can be found.
- Project 3 of 2007 (now project 4): it has been redefined to take into consideration on going studies notably one PhD in PSU Hat Yai concerning the impact of climatic variations and also to take into account the fact that the conditions of rubber price are now very different from 2007 (analyse impact of price fluctuations instead of high price).
- Project 3 and 5 are new proposals based on the need not to limit innovative tapping systems to DCA but also to envisage other technical alternatives (LITS, project 3) and to analyse the economic impact of a current dynamic observed in the Songkhla Province (rubber growing in the lowlands, project 5)
Summary of discussions There were a lot of discussion about the tapping systems: DCA and the possibility to use the technique for a plantation which has been tapped for several years, reluctance of some participants to test other innovative tapping systems on farm since LITS is not recommended by RRIT (except for plantations above 18 years old) and control upward tapping was tested on farm in the past (European Union project) but was not adopted by the smallholders. Ubon Ratchathani University would be interesting to join more project of HRPP but due to financial and human resources constraints has decided to limit its participation to Project 1 for the year 2009. The involvement of PSU Surat Thani is limited because no funding is available for the projects proposed within the framework of HRPP.
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It was noted that for the socio economic issues, it would be interesting to cover all the areas of Thailand. For the North, no partner was represented in the workshop but some contacts are already identified in Chiang Mai University, Payab University and Mae Jo University. But, until now, there is no partner identified to work in the central and eastern regions. We should look for new partners to work in this area, possibly in Kasetsart University.
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Conclusions of the workshop « Genomics and Biotechnologies » 15 participants: Mr. Supanath Kanjanawattanawong Mahidol Univ., Bangkok Dr .Jarunya Narangajavana Mahidol Univ., Bangkok Mr. Hervé Chrestin, IRD, Mahidol Univ. Bangkok Dr. Herve Cochard INRA, UMR PIAF, Clermont-Ferrand Dr. Sithichoke Tangphatsornruang BIOTEC, Pathumthani Dr. Thitaporn Phumichai RRIT-DOA, Chachoengsao Dr. Chatchamon Daengkanit RRIT-DOA, Chachoengsao Ms. Ratchanee Rattanawong RRIT-DOA, Chachoengsao Ms. Piyanuch Piyatrakul RRIT-DOA, Chachoengsao Ms.Supaporn Leamkheng PSU, Surat Thani Campus Ms.Duangkhae Kaujanasopa PSU, Surat Thani Campus Ms. Panida Kongsawadworakul Mahidol Univ., Bangkok Ms. Uncheera Sookmark, Mahidol Univ., Bangkok Animators: Ms. Kanikar Tirawattanasuk RRIT-DOA, Chachoengsao Dr. Marc Seguin CIRAD, UMR-dap, Montpellier The participants of the Workshop agreed to propose to rename the Workshop/Thematic “Biotechnologies” as “Genomics & Biotechnologies”. Update of the scientific programme: The projects listed in the previous scientific programme are confirmed: 1- GENMAP: renamed GENMAP-1 due to new projects which are the extension of research activities originally developed in this project (QTL mapping of important agronomic traits). This project will continue at least until the end of the Khun Rattanawong PhD course (mid 2010). 2- Genetic Mapping of Candidate-Genes Related with Rubber Cropping: this project is named Genmap 2b. This operation has begun in 2008 with the PhD course of Khun Prapan (RRIT) and will continue at least until the end of the PhD (2011). The activities will be made in MU laboratory (Dr Chrestin & Jaranya) and in Montpellier (UMR-dap). The funding request submitted to PHC was not accepted, and required funding for trip and research activities in Montpellier has to be found. 3- Application of Somatic Embryogenesis for the Propagation of New Clones on their own Roots: this project involves only CIRAD and RRIT. It implies a technological transfer from CIRAD to RRIT-DOA / CRRC.
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Conclusions The discussions were very fruitful and intensive with the implication of more members than previously: INRA-PIAF, BIOTEC and stronger implication of MU in Genomics & Biotechnologies. An important event is the presence during workshop of a new partner: BIOTEC. This partner will express the official demand to integrate HRPP as associated member. BIOTEC, MU and RRIT/CRRC, proposed 2 new projects (“Toward a map based cloning & sequencing of the latex yield QTL identified in GENEMAP-1” and “QTL mapping of drought tolerance from new progeny(ies)”). It is very positive to observe that, thanks to the unexpected and very important results obtained in “GENEMAP 1”, new partners and projects emerged from the workshop. Nevertheless new projects are very ambitious, and will need significant additional funding in a sufficiently long term.
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Conclusions of the workshop “Technology and Quality” Dr. Claude Dupuy de Crescenzo, Montpellier II University Dr. Suwaluk Wisunthorn, PSU Surat thani Ms. Jutharat Intapun, PSU-SupAgro PhD Student Ms. Chutamas Maneewong, Mae Jo University Mr. Siwarote Boonrasri, Mae Jo University Dr. Laurent Vaysse, CIRAD Dr. Siriluck Liengprayoon, KU researcher Ms. Natedao Musigamart, KU researcher Ms. Ariya Phakagrong, KU MSc. Student A-Updating of on-going projects The technology and quality group has reviewed current and prospective research projects (See attached table). Projects can be classified into 3 categories: 1- Non consistency of natural rubber : effect of non-isoprene. Those projects study the effect of lipids (esp. Vitamin E family, Phytosterol) on rubber properties (physical properties including storage hardening). Samples are obtained with controlled processes which involve different parameters: clones, tapping system, maturation time. 2- Characterization of post harvest maturation of cup coagula Those projects focus on the consequences of the phenomena occurring after the harvest of latex on the properties of obtained dry rubber.
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3- Use of advanced technologies in NR processing. Membrane technology could be used for both cleaning the industrial liquid waste and concentration of the skim obtained after fresh latex centrifugation. The two others categories which has been mentioned in last year proposal (i.e. “Rubber industry waste as fertilizer”, and “new applications of natural rubber : biodegradable polymer, and electrical wire”) have been removed because those actions have not started yet or because they involved only one HRPP institution. Therefore, five new projects have been added while 11 have been deleted. In terms of PhD within our group : - 1 sandwich PhD has been defended in France in March 2008 - 1 sandwich PhD will be defended in France in October 2009 - 4 sandwich PhDs are scheduled to start in 2009 B-Discussion Summary Discussion was very friendly and fruitful: Mae Jo University lecturers presented their topic of interest. Ms Chutamas will start soon a PhD with Dr Klanarong team on the blend of biopolymer and natural rubber latex. Mr. Siwarot informs us about his current work on the correlation between PRI and vulcanization characteristics. KU rubber team is quite interested in this study and would like to exchange information. Mr. Siwarot performed a preliminary study about hot melted adhesive from dry rubber and he would like to develop further this topic, UM II is quite interested in this work. Concerning Mahidol University, Gene-Quality project (SSH) has been discussed between CIRAD, MU, and IRD. So far it has not been finalized. Other topics like relationship between specific lipid and rubber properties could involve the rubber technology platform of Mahidol University in a near future.
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Conclusions of the workshop “High Education Project on Rubber”
Participants: 11 persons (permanent) Dr. Poonpipope Kasemsap (animator) KU Dr. Antoine Leconte (animator) CIRAD RU34, Thailand Dr. Eric Gohet CIRAD RU34, France Dr. Abdo Malac French Embassy Ms. Caroline Cochet French Embassy Dr. Wullop Santipracha Dean FNR, PSU/Hat Yai Dr. Chutima Tantikitti Vice-Dean FNR, PSU/Hat Yai Dr. Luckchai Kittipol TRA President Dr. Supasit Rodkwan KU Ms. Piyaraj Arayamathalert THR Mr. Preecha Nobnorn THR
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Background: Higher Education and Capacity Building in HRPP Strengthen human capacities in natural rubber Research and Development project is part of the overall objective of the platform. 4 actions are concerned:
• PhD program • Scientific exchanges • Short term training • Development of a new curriculum in Rubber Sciences
Thus, it is planned that HRPP could give support to a regional innovative curriculum on Rubber Sciences in order:
• to set up innovative international post-graduate and doctoral programmes in Thailand, opened to other Asian countries;
• to develop a master degree on major topics in rubber sector, including economics and management;
• to improve and consolidate existing academic network between Asian and European Higher education institutions, by encouraging scientific exchanges;
• to implement innovative methods related to educational engineering, emphasizing field and professional experience associated to standard academic education of a master degree;
• to implement short term training programs in order to develop local industry human capacities
On the French side, CIRAD and Montpellier SupAgro are willing to build-up this new curriculum in cooperation with the academic partners of the HRPP (KU, PSU, other universities?) with involvement of RRIT/DOA.
Rationale: Major Issues Training Needs Assessment In order to tailor the curriculum to the actual requirements of the sector (e.g. to be sure that the students will be able to find a job) , it has been considered as necessary to get the advice of both academic and professional sectors on the needs of the rubber sector in terms of education on rubber. Thus, a questionnaire was built (in French, then translated into English and Thai) to assess these needs through interviews or meetings with rubber associations, rubber industry and planters. However, this methodology appeared difficult to carry out. There were few feed back from distributed questionnaires and the representatives of the rubber sector were not really approached to conduct interviews. A new strategy has been considered, taking the opportunity of the present workshop to receive opinion and comments from representatives of the rubber sector and universities regarding the current and future status of human resources in the Thai rubber sector and from examples of possible curriculums. Description of existing degrees The other main issue in building-up this new curriculum was the necessity to have a good and complete picture of the current degrees related to natural rubber existing in Thailand in order to avoid any overlapping of the new curriculum to be designed.
Main Workshop Outputs
1. Training Needs Assessment Dr. Luckchai Kittipol, President of the Thai Rubber Association (TRA), confirmed to the group that an integrated curriculum on rubber covering the whole commodity chain from upstream to downstream does not exist yet in Thailand and would be very useful to fit the human resources needs of the sector.
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Such a curriculum will be also very useful to the capacity building for the global rubber society. It has been acted there was a clear need from the rubber industry for a more complete rubber HRD system, especially a “Professional” MSc. with integrated knowledge in the whole rubber value chain (up-stream, mid-stream, and down-stream). Participants agreed that this draft curriculum program should be elaborated by the core members of the HRPP (KU, PSU, DOA, CIRAD), and will be presented to the professional sector (TRA, ORRAF…) to check its accuracy to fit the actual demand of the stakeholders. The proposed and agreed scope of this curriculum should be “From Seed to block rubber”, starting with rubber tree biology & agronomy (GAP), ending with the first transformation of natural rubber from the field + marketing, economics, socio-economics, management… 2. Description of existing degrees and possible gap to be filled A table summarizing a list of existing degrees related to rubber has been issued by KU from data found in the CHE website + book giving details of the curricula. PSU issued a table + details of curriculums related to rubber (see Table below). Several degrees (BS, MS, PhD) and curriculums are clearly related to Rubber and Polymer Technology, as well as Rubber Industry Management. Curriculums on Plant Science are discipline-oriented, there is no clear specific curriculum on “Agronomy of Rubber”.
vTropical Ag. Resources Management
vPlant SciencePh.D.
vAgricultural Development
vSoil Resource Management
vEntomology
vPlant Pathology
vPlant Science
M.Sc.
Business Forecasting Techniques in AgricultureAgricultural Development
Crop Biotechnology, Soil Fertility, Principle of Agroforestry, Earth Science
for example, Para Rubber, Physiology of Crop Production, Pest Management
Para rubber production and mangement is integrated in related disciplinesPlant Science
B.Sc.
Fac.of Natural Resources
Rubber ChemistryBioproduction
Rubber TechnologyBioprocessing TechnologyB.Sc.
Rubber Industry ManagementB.Sc.Technology and Management (Surathani Campus)
Polymer TechnologyPh.D.
vRubber and Plastic MaterialsApplied Chemistry
Testing of Rubber and Plastics
vMechanical Properties of Plastics and RubberPhysical Polymer
Latex and Emulsion Technology
Testing of Rubber and Plastics
Advanced Processing of Rubber
Additives for Rubbers and Plastics
vRubber and Plastic Materials
Polymer Technology
M.Sc.
Rubber TechnologyB.Sc.
Science and Technology (Pattani Campus)
Thesis-Para Rubber Courses offeredCurriculumDegreeFaculty
PSU has the project to re-organize the existing courses and body of knowledge to bring out the curriculum on “Rubber”. Partners of HRPP, namely KU and CIRAD agree to coordinately draft the new program (waiting for the feedback from SupAgro which was not able to attend the present seminar/workshop) 3. Draft Curriculum The Figure below has been prepared by PSU, showing a possible study plan for a 2 Years Master program according to the Thai system:
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6--Minor thesis (IS)
-
30
Plan B#
3636Total
At least 1236 Thesis
18-Elective courses
6-Compulsory courses
Plan A (2)@Plan A (1)*
Study Plan and Credit
* Research oriented@ Credits for compulsory and elective courses are flexible depending upon
agreement among partners.# Professional Master
Proposed Study Plan for 2 Year-M.Sc. Program in Rubber Science
With industry
Regarding the feasibility of associating different Thai and French universities and research institutions, the example of Joint Graduate School of a Consortium on Energy and Environment has been presented as follows:
Energy & Environment
SIIT
PSUCMU
KMIT-NB
KMUTT
Master’s Program
Ph.D. Program
Joint Graduate School of a Consortium of Energy and Environment
Elective courses
This project is already functioning in Thailand for 6-7 years and its structure could be applied to the project of Rubber Master Program under the framework of the HRPP as follows: association of the 4 core members and SupAgro, and involvement of the rubber sector (TRA, …) to get their advice from the beginning of the construction.
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HRPP
SupAgro
PSUKU
CIRAD
DOA
Master’s Program – for Thais and international students Short Training Coursesfor farmers and industries
Associate MembersElective courses
TRA, ...
4. Actions to be taken Time table: aiming to a possible launching (implementation) of the program by June 2010, the new curriculum must be finished to be drafted and developed by June 2009 to be processed through university approval procedure.
Milestone for Program Development
Program implementation in June 2010
Final approval step at the university level April 2010
Final draft should be completed by June 2009
Curriculum development fromNow - June 2009
The participants agreed on the creation of a Working Group to continue the process of building-up the curriculum in permanent connection with the rubber sector. This group will be composed of: Dr. Chutima Tantikitti (PSU/FNR); Dr. Poonpipope Kasemsap (KU); Dr. Antoine Leconte (CIRAD) A representative from DOA to join the group is to be identified. Next meeting of the working group will be held on 12 February 2009 and hosted by PSU/FNR at Hat Yai.Main target is to achieve a first draft of the curriculum by the end of March 2009. Dr. Luckchai, President from TRA will then invite the working group to present the project at the monthly meeting of TRA members which will be held in Hat Yai on early April 2009.
In the meantime, a feedback must be obtained from SupAgro regarding its involvement in the project (Antoine Leconte & Eric Gohet to help for contacting SupAgro).
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Document no. 4
Tables of HRPP projects by thematic 28 January 2009
22
WORKSHOP AGRONOMY - HRPP SEMINAR 28 JANUARY 2009
CURRENT/NEW CURRENT/NEW
PARTNERS LOCALISATION
OP5 : Rubber flux (CO2 and
water)On-going
CIRAD, KU, DOA,
INRACRRC
F.Gay, Poonpipope K., Arak
C., Kumut S.,Jate S.
D.Satakhun, Jessada
P.Thaler , JM
BonnefondPHC SOIL Soil respiration, Training program
F.Gay, F.Do, Sayan E.Gohet
Poonpipope K. , Pisamai R.Lacote
J.SatornkichA.Clement-Vidal ,
T.Ameglio
PHC WATER
IFC
«�Soil/Water�»
PROGRAM
P.Thaler, H.Cochard JP
Lhomme
F.Gay, F.Do Kumut S.
Poonpipope K. Arak C.,
Supat, Sayan S.
T.Chapuset
OP3 : Impact of tapping on
carbohydrate reserves
CIRAD, DOA, KU,
INRA/UBPCRRC
OP2 : Impact of tapping
systems on Trunk Phloem
Necrosis
OP4 : Tapping and Mineral
nutrition
Dr. Manas , F.Gay, Dr
KirriyaE.Gohet
Interest for Thailand/ Feasibility of
fertilisation experiment/ Collect/update
information about farmer's practices in relation
with socio-economics group
ALL HRPP MEMBERS
A.Leconte , Pisamaï C. ,
Sayan S. , KU
representative
E.Gohet, R.Lacote
Pisamaï C., F.Gay,
Poonpipope K.
P.Thaler , E.Gohet,
A.Guilliot, A.Clement-
Vidal
CIRAD, DOA, IRD,
MUCRRC
A.Leconte, H, Chrestin,
Pisamai C.
CRRC / PSU
ProposalNew OP: Database development
and management
F.Gay, Poonpipope,
Pisamai, Sayan, Dr Manas,
F.Do, Supat
Pending
Arak C., F.Gay, Poonpipope
K. , Jate S., Mr Warit,
Santimaitree
F.Gay, Poonpipope K.,
Jate S. , Arak C.
Boonthida K., Jessada,
Sayan S.
OP9 : New methods for
ecophysiological and
physiological measurements
ProposalCIRAD, KU, DOA,
INRA / PSU, IRD
RESEARCHERS IN
FrancePROPOSAL FOR 2009
Carry-on trials
Propose a project about upward tapping system
(CUT) and reduced frequency tapping systems
(LITS, Low Intensity Tapping Systems)
Work on the scientific project / Launch MsC
research work/ Look for PhD student for 2010/
Priority project
for CIRAD
(UPR34)
Priority project
for CIRAD
(UPR34)
Agronomy aspect link to OP1, Molecular aspects
take in charge by the Genetic Group
Extend/collect observations and mesaurements
to others sites (Surathani, Ubon Rachtanee…)
Work on drought effect
LAI estimation with hemispherical photographs /
Simplification of latex diagnosis / wireless micro-
dendrometer (PEPIPIAF)
Seminar in may-june, think about how to build-up
sap flow probes in Thailand (spare parts)
OP8 : Water relationships as
related to climateOn-going
CIRAD, KU, DOA,
INRA, PSU, IRDCRRC, KK, PS
PHC SOIL
OP7 : Impact of stress on leaf
gas exchangeOn-going
CIRAD, KU, DOA,
INRA / PSUCRRC / PSU
P.Thaler C.Jourdan L.St
Andre
P.Thaler, T.Ameglio,
H.Cochard
OP6 : Biomass, NPP and Root On-going
CRRC, PS, Chantaburi
/ UBU?
CIRAD, KU, DOA,
INRA / KKUCRRC / KKU
ProposalCIRAD, DOA / UBU,
KKU?
Establish database of researchers involved in
Agronomy group / Work on network of DCA trial
OP STATUSRESEARCHERS IN
THAILAND
FINANCIAL
SUPPORT
On-going
OP1 : Development innovative
tapping systems On-going
CIRAD, DOA, PSU,KU
/ UBU?, Rubber
Enterprise Ass.?
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23
WORKSHOP BIOTECHNOLOGY - HRPP SEMINAR 28 JANUARY 2009Project /operation Expected outcomes Partners (institutions) Researchers Leader Duration Location Financial support
PRESENT PROJECTSAxis 1 Genome mapping
Genetic Determinism and QTL
Identification for Traits Related with
Rubber Cropping (GENEMAP-1)
Heritabilities, genetic values, genetic
correlations, QTLs, molecular markers for
Marker Aided Selection (MAS)
Cirad, KU, RRIT/CRRC Ms Ratchanee Rattanawong (PhD course),
Ms Kanlaya Prapan, Dr Napawan Lekawipat,
Ms Kannikar Teerawattanasuk, Prof
Poonpipope Kasemsap, Mr Andre Clement-
Demange, Dr Marc Seguin
Mr Clement-Demange; clement-
2002-2010 RRIT-CRRC, Cirad-
Montpellier
Agropolis foundation, Montpellier-
France (2002-2003); MAE
NEW PROJECTS (ongoing)Axis 1 & 2 Genome mapping & Functional genomics
GENEMAP-2B: Genetic Mapping of
Candidate-Genes Related with Rubber
Cropping
Molecular expression, physiological markers of
stress, mapped candidate genes
Cirad, KU, MU,
RRIT/CRRC
Ms Kanlaya Prapan (PhD course), Ms
Ratchanee Rattanawong, Ms Kannikar
Teerawattanasuk, Prof Poonpipope
Kasemsap, Mr Andre Clement-Demange, Dr
Dr Herve Chrestin;
2008-2011 RRIT-CRRC, Cirad-
Montpellier, IRD-MU
PHC 2008;
Looking for additional funding for
training of Khun Prapan in
Montpellier (Cirad)
NEW PROJECTS (proposal)Axis 3 Genetic diversity & Plant material propagation
Application of Somatic Embryogenesis for
the Propagation of New Clones on their own
Roots
Performance comparisons of grafted vs
Primary embryos for 4 cultivated clones
Cirad, RRIT/CRRC … Dr Pascal Montoro, Dr Ludovic Lardet, Dr
Marc-Philippe Caron, Ms Kannikar
Teerawattanasuk
Dr Pascal Montoro;
2009-? Cirad/montpellier,
RRIT/CRRC…?
IFC: post-doc fellowship
Axis 1 Genome mapping
GENEMAP-2A: From GENEMAP-1 to Marker
Aided Selection
Application of MAS to yield and growth
improvement; QTL detection in other "water
stress" contexts; usefulness of hydraulic
traits evaluation for QTL mapping
Cirad, RRIT/CRRC, INRA,
UBP, KU
X (PhD course 2010-2013), Ms Kannikar
Teerawattanasuk, Mr Andre Clement-
Demange, Dr Marc Seguin, Dr Herve
Cochard, Dr Teerayut Toonjida
Mr Clément-Demange; clement-
2009-? Cirad/Montpellier,
RRIT/CRRC
QTL mapping of drought tolerance from new
genetic backgrounds, i.e. new progenies
(RRII105 x ???)
QTL mapping of drought tolerance from new
progeny/ies
RRIT, MU, CIRAD, INRA,
UBP, KU + BIOTEC
Ms Ratchanee Rattanawong, Ms Kannikar
Teerawattanasuk, Prof Poonpipope
Kasemsap, Mr Andre Clement-Demange, Dr
Marc Seguin, Dr Herve Cochard, Dr
Kanokporn Triwittayakorn
RRIT researcher (X?) 2009 or 2010 -?
Toward a map based cloning & sequencing of
the latex yield QTL (g16) identified in
GENEMAP-1
Physical mapping of the g16 latex yield QTL;
BAC clones and sequences; Genes cloning
Cirad, MU, RRIT +
BIOTEC
Dr Thitaporn Phumichai, Ms Kannikar
Teerawattanasuk, Dr Marc Seguin, Dr
Sithichoke Tangphatsornruang, Dr Jarunya
Narangajavana
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24
WORKSHOP SOCIO-ECONOMICS - HRPP SEMINAR 28 JANUARY 2009
Project /operation Expected outcomes Partners (institutions)Researchers (specify
leader and e-mail)Duration Location Financial support
Socio-economic analysis of the tapping systems in different zones in Thailand
Identification of the existing tapping systems in the different zones of Thailand ; determinants of choice of tapping systems (internal of the farm = socio economics of farm and external = climate, price…) ; economic performances of different tapping syst
PSU, Ubon Ratchathani University, Cirad (Chiang Mai University, Mae Jo University, Payab University), ORRAF
Buncha Somboonsuke ([email protected]) Chaiya Kongmanee Kanokporn Pacheerat Pornpan Sae Wong Somyot Thungwa Manas Losirikul Suchart Choengthong Msc Students Bénédicte Chambon
May 2009 - May 2010
South, Northeast, (North)
PSU Hat Yai (Thai Rubber Fund) Ubon Ratchatani University
On-farm trials for innovation on tapping systems in the Southern Thailand
Conditions for the adoption of the DCA (double cut alternative) Improvement of DCA to fit the smallholder needs Impact of DCA on the rubber farmers
PSU, Cirad, ORRAF?, RRIT?
Buncha Somboonsuke ([email protected]) Chaiya Kongmanee Somyot Thungwa Msc Students Bénédicte Chambon
2007- Songkhla province PSU Hat Yai (Thai Rubber Fund)
Socio-economic feasability of low intensity tapping systems in the South of Thailand (labour issues and opportunity of off farm incomes)
Conditions and importance of present use of low intensity tapping systems (LITS); feasability of testing LITS on-farm
PSU, Cirad
Bénédicte Chambon ([email protected]) Buncha Somboonsuke Chaiya Kongmanee Kanokporn Pacheerat Msc students (french and thai)
2010 Songkhla province Cirad (french trainee) PSU Hat Yai
Evolution of the rubber growing in the south
Identification of the changing in resource management as a consequence of climatic variation and price fluctuation; expectation of the smallholders; impact on the livelihood of the smallholders
PSU, Cirad
Chaiya Kongmanee ([email protected]) Buncha Somboonsuke Somyot Thungwa Narumon Preaksa Msc Students Bénédicte Chambon
2009-2011 Songkhla province PSU Hat Yai, Cirad (french trainee)
Economic impact of rubber growing in the lowland area
Reason for farmers to plant rubber in flooded areas (known as poorly suitable); Description of the current rubber farm management in the flooded area; economics performances of these rubber plantations; identification of alternatives (oil palm, …)
PSU, Cirad
Buncha Somboonsuke ([email protected]) Chaiya Kongmanee Somyot Thungwa Msc Students Bénédicte Chambon
2009-2010Phattalung, Nakorn si thammarat
PSU Hat Yai
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25
WORKSHOP TECHNOLOGY -HRPP SEMINAR 28 JANUARY 2009
Operation Expected outcomes Partners (institutions) Researchers Duration Location Financial Support/status email address of the leader (s)
PROJECT 1 : Non consistency of natural rubber : effect of non-isoprene.
Effect of innovative tapping systems
on lipid composition and properties of
natural rubber (Bsc + MSc)
Validate the new tapping system in terms
of quality
KU Cirad SupAgro Laurent Vaysse
Eric Dubreucq
Siriluck Liengprayoon
Oct 2006-Oct
2010
Chantaburi
/bangkok
Kurdi / end 2010
One ongoing master student
Analysis of non saponifiable from
Natural rubber
Comprehensive picture of unsaponifiable
composition of natural rubber
KU Cirad Siriluck Liengprayoon
Laurent Vaysse
Oct 2007-Oct
2008
Chantaburi
/bangkok
Kurdi / end Oct 09
KAPI / 2009
Gene/quality relationship by SSH
approach
New molecular marker related to quality
indicators
Cirad+ MU
+ IRD private partner
Jerome Sainte Beuve
Laurent Vaysse
Krisda Suchiva
Hervé Chrestiin
2009- Bangkok Proposal, no fund. [email protected]
Lipid composition of maturated sample Relationship btw lipid composition and
change of rubber properties during
maturation
PSU-KU-SupAgro-Cirad Siriluck Liengprayoon
Jutharat Intapun
Eric Dubreucq
Laurent Vaysse
Natedao Musigamart
2009- Surat Thani
Bangkok
Montpellier
On going KAPI 2009 (+1 researcher Oil) +
PHC 2009-2010
Effect of native antioxidant lipids on
rubber properties
Quantification methodology of
antioxydant lipids (vitamin E group).
Relation with PRI
KU-Cirad-SupAGro-MU Natedao Musigamart
Siriluck Liengprayoon
Laurent Vaysse
Krisda Suchiva
2009-2013 Chantaburi /
Bangkok
PHC + [email protected]
Storage hardening of natural
rubber: influence of clones and
lipids,
effect(s) of the phenomenon on
structure and properties
Understanding of Storage hardening
phenomenum
PSU Pattani/Surat-CIRAD Charoen Nakason
Frederic Bonfils
Suwaluk Wisunthorn
Laurent Vaysse
Siriluck Liengprayoon
2009-2013 Pattani PSU + scholarship [email protected]
PROJECT 2 : Characterization of post harvest maturation of cup coagula
Maturation of cup coagula and its
effect on the properties (PhD)
Control of maturation conditions for a
higher quality and consistency of natural
rubber
PSU-MontpellierSupAgro-
CIRAD
Jutharat Intapun
Pr Eric Dubreucq
Dr Laurent Vaysse
2005-2009 SuratThani,
Thailand
Montpellier,
France
On going PHC 2009-2010 [email protected]
Influence of farmer's behavior on cup
coagula properties
To Improve quality of TSR20 through
better farmer's practices
PSU Surat Thani
Cirad
Suwaluk Wisunthorn
Benedicte Chambon
Laurent Vaysse
Oct07-Sept09 Surat Thani PSU + PHC 2009-2010 [email protected]
Properties of cup coagula coagulated
by natural materials
To Improve quality of TSR20 through
better farmer's practices
PSU Surat Thani
Cirad
Suwaluk Wisunthorn
Laurent Vaysse
Oct07-Sept09 Surat Thani PSU/On going. [email protected]
Effect of post harvest treatment on
rubber properties
PSU-CIRAD-KU-Sup Agro Varaporn Tanrattanakul
Jerome Sainte Beuve
Laurent Vaysse
Siriluck Liengprayoon
2009-2013 Hadyai PSU + scholarship [email protected]
Maturation Cup Coagula : mode of
action of microorganisms
understanding microbila maturation of
rubber in oreder to propose processing
improvement to manufacturer
PSU-CIRAD-KU-SupAgro Jutharat Intapun
Pr Eric Dubreucq
Dr Laurent Vaysse
2009-2013 PHC [email protected]
PROJECT 3 : Use of advanced technologies in NR processing . Coord : PSU (Porntip) and UM2-Cirad (D.Pioch)
Development of a clean process of
valorization of NR factories skim
and effluent by filtration
technologies
- Skim concentration and new co-products
(ultrafiltration)
- Clean effluent (Membrance Bioreactor)
UM2-Cirad
PSU Surat Thani
PSU Hadyai
Claude Dupuy (UMII)
Serge Palu (Cirad)
Christelle Wisniesky (UMI)
Watsa Kongnakorn (PSU
Surat)
Porntip Sridang ( PSU
Hadyai)
Somtip Danteravanich (PSU
Hadyai)
2009- Thailande/France Work plan and fund to be set up. [email protected]
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26
27
Document no. 5
Global Scientific Project of HRPP 29 January 2009
28
ANNEX 1
of the Specific Memorandum of Understanding creating the Hevea Research Platform in Partnership (HRPP)
in Thailand
- SCIENTIFIC PROJECT 2009-
APPROVED by Scientific and Steering Committees on Jan 29th ,2009
HHeevveeaa RReesseeaarrcchh PPllaattffoorrmm iinn PPaarrttnneerrsshhiipp CIRAD – Kasetsart University- Prince of Songkla University
Rubber Research Institute of Thailand, Department Of Agriculture
I - Introduction
CIRAD, which has been involved in scientific cooperation on natural rubber and its production systems with Thai partners for several decades, considers that bringing the teams closer together in a joint scientific programme could create synergies that would improve the impact of its activity. Such collaboration could be established within a specific operational framework known as a Research Platform in Partnership It would provide a hub where teams from France and Europe would meet teams from national and regional agricultural research systems which are in direct contact with the ecological, economic and social realities of agricultural and rural communities. The purpose of this research platform in partnership is as follows:
• To promote high quality scientific research about rubber tree cultivation and natural rubber material addressing the main developmental issues according to national priorities;
• To build up sustainable research teams associating Thai and French scientists;
• To provide scientists with an optimum environment to conduct their research and make them recognized by the international scientific community;
• To strengthen human capacity in rubber R&D, notably through a specific higher education programme and short-term training.
2 - Challenges
In 2006, natural rubber accounted for more than 40% of the world elastomer market. Natural rubber has highly specific properties, in terms of elasticity, low heat build-up and high manufacturing tack, which make it unavoidable even today in the automobile and aeronautics industries (tyres for heavy
29
goods vehicles and aircraft, silent blocks, etc.) but also in the medical industry (latex gloves, etc.).
Since 1997, Thailand has been the world's leading natural rubber producer, with a total estimated output of more than 3 million tonnes in 2007, amounting to 32% of world production. Of that amount, around 88% was exported as raw material, making natural rubber a major export material for the country. Rubber wood also provides substantial additional income for farmers when they replant. In addition, the 330,000 tonnes consumed locally, mostly for dipped goods such as gloves, represent a sector that creates jobs and attracts foreign investors. It is thus estimated that the rubber sector as a whole directly or indirectly involves around 10% of the total population of Thailand.
The tremendous development of rubber smallholdings in Thailand is the outcome of work undertaken by the Rubber Research Institute of Thailand (RRIT-DOA) and the Office of Rubber Replanting Aid Fund (ORRAF). More than 2 million hectares are planted to rubber, mainly in the southern provinces of the country, 95% of which belong to smallholders. So far, the increase in production has mainly come from an extension of the areas planted, replanting policies (ORRAF and RRIT-DOA) consisting in using higher-yielding planting material (clones such as RRIM600) and the rising age of those newly created plantations.
After a long period where prices were not particularly lucrative, there has been a very strong rise in the price of natural rubber (+40% in 2007). This has led Thailand to create the Agriculture Futures Exchange of Thailand (AFET), onto which natural rubber was the first commodity to be introduced, even before rice.
At the same time, there has been a sustained rise in world demand for rubber, notably driven by strong economic growth in China and in countries of the ASEAN group. Within a few years, that is likely to result in a supply/demand imbalance. The pending foreseeable shortage of natural rubber on the world market, combined with a sharp rise in natural rubber prices that is likely to result, might encourage an increase in the market share of synthetic rubbers. However, those rubbers, which are made from fossil fuels, depend on the price of a barrel of oil. In addition, this growing competition between natural rubber and synthetic rubber risks being worsened by variability in natural rubber properties. In fact, the properties of this agricultural material, which are variable because they are of biological origin, are not yet precise enough to predict its processability, due to an absence of indicators. Conversely, synthetic rubber possesses perfectly constant technological properties, which is a major comparative advantage compared to natural rubber.
The risk of a qualified labour shortage for rubber tree tapping in plantations due to the ageing of rural populations (farmers and tappers) is also growing. Crop sustainability requires an increase in tapping output, enabling an increase in tapper wages and in farmer incomes, thereby making the field work more attractive to the younger, but also more educated, generations.
30
In addition, recent developments on the rubber wood market, along with worthwhile prospects for the introduction of Clean Development Mechanisms (CDM) also make speculative research on the creation of biomass and carbon sequestration by rubber trees much more strategic for Thailand and for the countries in the Greater Mekong Subregion.
In order to take up these social, economic and environmental challenges, a scientific project has been drawn up and is intended to:
i. Reduce the risks of a natural rubber shortage by increasing production
ii. Improve tapping output to reduce the risks of a labour shortage
iii. Reduce the risks of natural rubber being replaced by its synthetic counterparts
iv. Participate in the sustainable development of rubber growing in non-traditional growing zones – North and Northeast Thailand – to be ready for the consequences of climate change
v. Estimate the carbon sequestration potential of rubber plantations, and their possible eligibility in Clean Development Mechanisms (CDM) due to be set in place under the Kyoto protocol
vi. Increase the efficiency of innovation transfer through better knowledge of the constraints facing smallholders.
This project is largely based on an existing programme entitled "Improvement of the Productivity of Rubber Trees" 2005–2008, which was submitted to and accepted by the Franco-Thai Cooperation Programme for Higher Education and Research.
3- Detailed Analysis of Developmental Issues and Related Questions for Research
During a meeting held in Bangkok on January 27-28th, 2009 with core members and associated members of the platform, 4 scientific workgroups analysed the mains issues for natural rubber in Thailand and determined related questions for research in :
� socio-economics � agronomy, physiology and environment � genetics and biotechnology � technology and rubber quality
The ultimate goal is to optimize the productivity and quality of natural rubber in Thailand and to characterize the environmental impact of Rubber Plantations. 3. 1 - Low Tapping Productivity of the Smallholder Plantations Continuous decrease of the size of Thai rubber smallholdings for the last two decades (now less than 2 ha, keeping on decreasing) has led to general adoption of very intensive tapping systems by Thai rubber farmers.
31
Implementation of tapping systems such as 2d/3, 3d/4 or 5d/6, associated with shortened tapping cut (1/3S) are common, resulting in overexploitation of the trees, high tapping panel dryness (TPD) rates, short life-cycle of plantations and a general low tapping productivity, leading to rather low tappers and planters incomes. Therefore, improving the tapping productivity of the smallholder plantations is a priority. Understanding the existing tapping systems and their evolution is necessary to suggest some possible improvements. ►Questions to research: What are the current tapping systems, their determinants and their impacts on the economic performances of the rubber plantations? What are the advantages and constraints for the different tapping systems? What are the relationships between the tapping systems and the socio-economic characteristics of the farms (area of the rubber plantation, labour situation, existence of other farming and non farming activities/incomes)? What are the conditions for innovative tapping systems (Double Cut Alternative…) to be adopted by the smallholders (adoption by the experimental farmers and possible spontaneous diffusion to neighbouring farmers)? Considering the socio-economic situation of the rubber farmers in the South of Thailand, are low intensity tapping systems technical alternatives to improve tapping productivity? To which extent the improved tapping systems would improve the sustainable livelihood of the farmers? 3. 2 – Sustainability of the Rubber Production in the South of Thailand In the South of Thailand, notably in the Songkhla Province, farmers have to face some constraints which can have an impact on the production of natural rubber:
- important land pressure: the land suitable for rubber growing is already planted leading farmers to plant rubber in low lands,
- high cost of production (fertilisers, labour cost), - labour shortage for tapping: many farmers rent labour for tapping (that concerns 50% of the farms according to ORRAF) but there is a lack of qualified labour for this task, especially when rubber price is low.
Moreover, rubber has to compete with other farming (such as fruit trees…) or non farming activities (industry, tourism). So, there is a risk for rubber production to decrease in this area.
From the available climatic data (30 years), some climatic variations have been recently observed in Songkhla province, which may influence leaf fall and the number of tapping days per year …
Finally, farmers are facing important fluctuations of rubber prices forcing them to adjust the management of their farm in order to maintain the economic sustainability.
32
►Questions to research: What are the strategies of the farmers to adapt to the rubber price fluctuations and labour shortage? What are the adjustments of the practices and management of the rubber plantations in lowlands? What is the economic impact of planting rubber in the lowlands (known as poorly suitable areas for rubber plantations)? What are the impacts of climatic variations on the change in the farm management and on the economic performances? 3. 3 - Productivity of tapping systems
The possible short-term shortage of natural rubber on the world market, together associated with an important raise of the rubber price, is likely to encourage a possible switch of consumption from natural rubber to synthetic rubber by large users as tire manufacturers.
Besides, the risk of skilled manpower shortage in rubber plantation, regularly increases. Sustainability of the commodity requires an improvement of tapping labor productivity in order to increase tapping wages and make the tapping work more attractive. However, low frequency tapping strategies (improving yield per tapping day) can hardly be adapted to small size of rubber farms in Thailand. On the contrary, actual tapping systems used by farmers are very intensive with rather low labor productivity. The possibility to increase productivity relies on both farmer’s constraints and tree physiology, as tapping brings about major changes in resources (carbon, water) allocation within the tree. ►Questions to research: How increase labor productivity as well as land productivity in smallholder farms? Which consequences of traditional and innovative tapping systems on latex metabolism and tree physiology? 3.4 - Performances of rubber plantations in non-traditional planting areas and under adverse environmental conditions
Current and future extensions of rubber area are limited in the traditional, climatically favourable area (Southern Thailand), due to lack of available land, competition with other crops such as oil palm, and protection of forests. Therefore rubber plantations are expanding in non-traditional areas (North and Northeastern Thailand) where climatic and soil conditions are less favourable. In the North, winter temperatures can be too low and in the Northeast, dry season is long. Therefore, ecophysiological performances of rubber trees in such conditions are of first importance to assess capability of trees to survive, grow and produce latex under drought stress.
Even in the southern region, transient water stress occurs, that may be overcome by irrigation. On the other hand, frequent flooding occurs in some areas, the physiological consequences of it remaining poorly understood.
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Finally, global climatic change is likely to induce more erratic and stressful climate in the near future. Behaviour of rubber trees, as compared to other tree crops, in such variable conditions is another issue. ► Questions to research:
What are the effects of climatic stresses (T°, drought, flooding,…) on rubber tree physiology, particularly on leaf gas exchanges and water use ? What are the impacts on rubber yield and interactions with effects of tapping ? What are their incidences on the onset of TPD and TPN ? 3.5 - Environmental Impact of Rubber Plantations
As related to the previous issue, large scale development of rubber plantations in non-traditional areas is likely to affect local environment. Particularly, changes from annual crops such as cassava and sugarcane to a forest-like cover with rubber plantations will change local water balance and energy exchanges between atmosphere, plant cover and soil.
Another major environmental issue is the carbon sequestration by rubber plantations and the possible added-value that can be obtained through CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) under the Kyoto Protocol, as tree plantations can trap large amounts of atmospheric CO2 (greenhouse gas) and store it into biomass. However, sole biomass measurements underestimate carbon fluxes and give no information on processes involved. They cannot be used alone to model and forecast carbon balance under a changing climate and according to tapping systems.
Therefore precise and reliable assessment of CO2, water and energy fluxes of rubber tree plantations ecosystems is a necessity. ► Questions to research : What is the impact of rubber plantations on water use and energy balance? What is the carbon sequestration potential of rubber plantations? How climate interacts with main ecosystem functions (photosynthesis, respiration, growth, water uptake and transpiration) driving exchanges between soil, plants and atmosphere? What is the impact of tapping on such functions? 3.6 - Performances of Rubber Planting Material
In every crop, varieties, seeds and other planting material provide the farmers with the genetic contribution to profitability. Since more than 40 years, the varietal type used in rubber plantations is made of clones budded onto unselected seedlings that are used as rootstocks. In Thailand, past development was based quite exclusively on the sole clone RRIM600. Clonal diversification should prepare the move to more performing clones. Increasing latex production is the main target, in relation with sucrose availability and adaptation to the stress of tapping and ethylene stimulation. But global warming will emphasize the importance of water stress that all the plantations have to cope with during the dry season and other water-limited periods. Clonal selection also has to address the issue of the
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adaptation of clones to more productive tapping systems, their influence on the quality of the rubber material, and their adaptation to rubber wood production. Whereas rubber breeding is a 20-year long process, improving the accuracy of genetic estimations as soon as at the first stage should increase its efficiency. Moreover, budded clones that concern only the aerial part of the tree might not be the most performing varietal type, and new types should be investigated. ► Questions to research: How to increase the efficiency of rubber breeding with the new tools of genomics and transcriptomics? How to develop and assess new varietal types with the tools of in vitro cultivation? 3.7 - Non consistency of Raw NR As every natural product, it is difficult to produce raw NR with a constant quality all around the year. This is one of the major issues facing NR factories in Thailand as their clients are asking for more consistency in terms of properties. This problem is getting crucial as the second transformation processes are more and more automated which results in a lower ability to cope with non consistent raw material. On the contrary, synthetic counterparts of NR are much more constant. Fortunately, their over-all qualities are still lower than that of NR. So far, the international or national standards (ISO, STR, SMR, SVR, SCR,…) defining ranges of acceptable properties are useful but not sufficient to predict the manufacturing behavior. One recent demand from private sector was to understand better the phenomenon called storage hardening which occurs to natural rubber when stored in low humidy conditions. ► Questions to research: What are the determinants of NR quality? How can we explain variations of important properties such as Po, PRI and storage hardening? How define more pertinent quality criteria, indicators? 3.8 - Environmental Impact of Rubber Processing NR industry faces different environmental problems such as
� high fossil energy consumption,
� production of liquid waste containing high level of organic matter (serum, …), chemicals (sulfuric acid, ammonia, stabilizing agent)
� production of solid waste (rubber from process, sludge from ponds, …)
� mal-odor from storage area and dryer
► Questions to research: How could we reduce the global energy input of rubber factories? Are there some technological innovations which can reduce the emission of waste, allow their recycling and suppress malodor?
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4 - Scientific Projects 4.1 - Socio-Economics Projects 4.1.1 – Socio-economic analysis of the Tapping Systems in different zones of Thailand Leader: Dr Buncha Somboonsuke, PSU Hat Yai Core partners: PSU Hat Yai and PSU Surat Thani, CIRAD Associated partners: Ubon Ratchatani, Other partners : Chiang Mai University, Mae Jo University, Payab University, ORRAF to be confirmed The objective of this project is to identify the existing tapping systems, their determinants (internal to the farm and external) in Songkla Province and to analyse (and compare) the economic performances of the different existing tapping systems. For this purpose, a first survey will be carried out on a large sample to make a description and a classification of the rubber based farms as well as a characterisation of the existing tapping systems. Then, a second survey will be implemented with some selected farms to analyse the economic performances of the different tapping systems and farms. The results of these surveys could lead to make some proposals to improve the tapping productivity of the smallholders. 4.1.2 - On-Farm Trials for Innovation on Tapping Systems in the Southern Thailand (Songkhla province) Leader: Dr Buncha Somboonsuke, PSU Hat Yai Core partners: PSU/FNR, PSU/FE, CIRAD, RRIT (to be confirmed) Associated members: - ; Other partners: ORRAF A new tapping system called “Double Cut Alternative” (DCA) has been tested in research station (CRRC) from 2000 onwards under the umbrella of the project “Towards the improvement of rubber tree productivity” (KU-RRIT-CIRAD cooperation). Following the good results obtained, a test of this new tapping system under real conditions (on-farm trial) has been launched in 2007 in the Songkla Province, associating PSU (Faculty of Natural Resources, Faculty of Economics) and CIRAD as main partners. At the present time, the project is focused on the agronomical study of the new tapping system (yield and growth).
In order to test the feasibility of the DCA, there is a need to complete the on-going study with a socio-economic approach. A characterization of the farms involved in the trial will be implemented in order to:
� verify that those farms are representative of the rubber farms of the Songkhla Province
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� be able to analyse later a possible relationship between the characteristics and strategies of the farms and the adoption (or non adoption) of the new technique.
A yearly assessment of the new tapping system by the farmers involved in the trial will be carried out.
Last, the spontaneous diffusion of the technique to neighbouring farmers will be analyse (extent and process).
The expected outcomes of this project could be the identification of the conditions for the adoption of the DCA, the possible improvements to be suggested to fit the smallholders need and the impact of DCA on the rubber farmers.
4.1.3 – Socio-economic feasibility of low intensity tapping systems in the South of Thailand Leader: Dr Bénédicte Chambon, CIRAD Core members: CIRAD, PSU Hat Yai Associated members:
Low intensity tapping systems (LITS) is known as a technique to improve tapping productivity. It is widely used in industrial plantations and it is also used in smallholder plantations in some countries. However, until now, LITS is very little used in Thailand. So, there is a need to identify the extent and conditions of utilisation of LITS in the South of Thailand and to analyse the interest of this technique considering the socio-economic conditions of the farmers in this area. For this, a survey will be implemented in two steps: first, very short survey with a large number of farmers to know if they use LITS and describe the conditions of use. Then a second survey will be implemented on labour issues (including the relationships between the owner and the tapper) and off farm activities. The expected outcome is to determine if the LITS could be proposed to the smallholders as an alternative to improve their labour productivity (and so, start some on-farm trials).
4.1. 4 - Evolution of the Rubber Growing in the South Leader: Chaiya Kongmanee, PSU Hat Yai Core members: PSU Hat Yai, CIRAD Associated members: The aim of this project is to get a better knowledge of the recent changes in the farm management in the South of Thailand as a consequence of changes in the environmental and economic conditions. For this, two surveys will be carried out on a large sample of farmers in different districts of the Songkla Province, selecting farmers in the three different agro ecological zones. This should result in the identification of the changes in resource management as a consequence of climatic variations and price fluctuation, the expectation of the smallholders and in an evaluation of the impact on the livelihood of the smallholders
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4.1. 5 – Economic impact of rubber growing in the lowland areas Leader: Dr Buncha Somboonsuke, PSU Hat Yai Core members: PSU Hat Yai, CIRAD Associated members: Due to the increased land pressure and the need of farmers to maintain their livelihoods, rubber trees are planted in the lowlands (flooded) areas. These conditions are known to be poorly suitable for rubber plantations. The smallholders may adapt the practices and management of the farms to adapt to these conditions. There is also a need to evaluate the economic impact of growing rubber and identify some possible alternative choices to the use of these lowlands. A first survey will be implemented to analyse decision making for planting rubber in the lowlands and characterise the current farm practices and management. A second survey will evaluate the economic performances of these practices and management. Some technico-economic simulations should allow identifying possible alternatives to rubber in the lowlands. The expected outcome of this project is to provide information/advice to the smallholders for the sustainability of their livelihoods. 4.2 - Agronomy, Physiology and Environment 4.2.1 - Productivity of Rubber Tree and Latex Physiology Operation 1: Development of innovative tapping systems (DCA strategy and others) Coordinators : Dr Antoine Leconte, CIRAD Involved core members: DOA, KU, PSU, CIRAD Associated members: URU Innovative tapping systems have been developed during the previous phases by RRIT, CIRAD and KU and are still under evaluation in CRRC, particularly the Double Cut Alternative system (DCA) that may enhance productivity of both land and labour with minimal investment. On-farm trials of these systems have been first implemented in Chantaburi Province by CIRAD and KU (from 2004 onwards), then started in Songkla Province by PSU and CIRAD (from 2007 onwards) to test feasibility of such a system in smallholdings. Evaluation of 1/2S d/2 based DCA (alternated tapping on each half of the trunk every two days) will continue in CRRC. On-farms trials in Chantaburi and Songkla Provinces will continue and be extended, together with socio-economical evaluation of such systems (see socio-economics part of the
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program). The DCA concept is already extended to other basic systems such as 1/3S 2d/3 (third of the trunk tapped 2 days in 3) and 1/3S 3d/4 (third of the trunk tapped 3 days in 4). Implication of RRIT in such extensions is to be discussed (not planned so far). Other possible tapping strategies aiming to increase both land and labour productivity are related to the use of low intensity tapping systems (LITS), i.e. tapping systems using reduced tapping frequencies (d/3, d/4) combined with the utilization of stimulation with ethephon, and the development of controlled upward tapping systems (CUT). Some trials in station (CRRC) and on-farm (Chantaburi) are under implementation and could be extended. Operation 2: Relationships between starch metabolism and latex production Coordinators: Dr. Pisamaï Chantuma, DOA Core members: CIRAD, DOA, KU Associated members: UBP Although tapping creates an artificial sink for carbohydrates for regeneration of the exported latex, results of previous phase of the cooperative researches showed that tapped trees accumulate more carbohydrate reserves than untapped controls. To better understand reserves dynamics, main limiting enzymes related to reserve formation (starch biosynthesis) and reserve use (starch hydrolysis, sucrose biosynthesis) would be studied as related to season, phenology and tapping intensity and history. Multi-location, multi-clonal tapping trials would be used for such a purpose. In addition to the previous studies on wood starch content, this would be a complementary tool to forecast long-term performances of clones and help for hevea breeding. Operation 3: Interactions between mineral nutrition and yield potential of rubber tree. Coordinators: Dr. Manas Losirikul, Ubon Rachatanee University Core members: CIRAD, DOA Associated members: URU, KKU
Despite numerous fertilizer trials in all rubber growing countries, no conclusive relationships have been shown between mineral fertilization and latex yield. This is a surprising result, contrary to what is obtained in most crops, where management of mineral nutrition is the key factor for yield improvement. Usual explanations are that amounts of exported minerals in rubber are low as compared to other crops and that other limitations (latex flow, carbon supply to laticiferous cells) are occurring.
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However, new circumstances bring new interest to this topic. First, wood is now exported too from rubber plantations, so that mineral exports are much higher. Together with repeated replanting now occurring on the same location, this is likely to induce soil mineral limitations to latex yield. Second, a new hypothesis as recently emerged, postulating that the lack of results in previous fertilizer trials was due to the use of usual tapping systems in these trials. If the demand induced by tapping, based on tapping systems developed without fertilizers, does not increase with fertilizer input, there’s no reason that the latex yield changes. Indeed fertilizers might be considered as a way to increase tapping intensity.
In the first place, the activities will concentrate on updating data on farmers’practices regarding fertilisation and assessing the feasibility of fertilisation experiment in Thailand. 4.2.2 - Carbon, Water and Energy Exchanges of Rubber Ecosystems Operation 4: Quantification and partitioning of CO2 and water fluxes of a rubber plantation Coordinator : Dr Frederic Gay, CIRAD Core members: KU, CIRAD, DOA Associated members: INRA (UR Ephyse, Bordeaux)
Rubber Flux aims at providing a complete picture of CO2, water and energy budget of a rubber plantation in Eastern Thailand.
Beyond the evaluation of the fluxes based on the eddy correlation method, our purpose is to partition them among the different components of the plantation ecosystem (canopy, trunks, roots, under storey, soil) and the different functions (photosynthesis, respiration, evapotranspiration ) in order to understand the factors controlling the carbon and water.
So far the only operational site is located at CRRC (Eastern Thailand), but a duplication of this operation in the traditional area (Surathani Rubber Research Center) is proposed. Operation 5: Assessment of net primary productivity (NPP) of rubber plantation. Coordinator : M. Arak Chantuma, DOA Core members: KU, CIRAD, DOA, PSU Associated members: URU
Dynamics of whole tree biomass at plot scale is another method to assess the carbon balance and sequestration of a rubber plantation. This method is based on measurement of tree growth increment (G), litter fall (L) and biomass exports (E).
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The objectives of this operation are (i) to quantify the NPP of a rubber plantation located at CRRC through direct measurements of the three components (G+L+E), (ii) develop a predictive model of biomass increment based on girth and height measurement, (iii) study the correlation between NPP, its components and climatic factors.
The main difficulty in this method is the estimation of the contribution of the root systems to G and L. Therefore, the research activities of this operation are mainly focused in the development of specific methods such as rhizotron and in-growth cores to study root biomass dynamics, and particularly fine roots.
Beside this work, it is proposed to set-up a network of experimental sites along the ecoclimatic gradient for rubber cultivation in Thailand to build-up a database of girth/tree biomass data. Operation 6: Effect of environmental stresses on leaf gas exchanges Coordinator : Dr. Poonpipope Kasemsap, KU Core members: KU, CIRAD, DOA, PSU Associated members: INRA (UMR PIAF ) Temperature and water stresses are the main abiotic constraints that limit rubber growth and yield in marginal areas for rubber tree cultivation. Those stresses affect the carbon assimilation at the tree level through regulation of the leaf gas exchanges. Previous work have studied the effect of low and high temperature. A well-accepted photosynthesis model has been parametrized. Next work will focus on the effect of drought. The expected output is the development of a comprehensive model of photosynthesis at the leaf level that could be combined in the future to a model of canopy architecture in order to assess carbon assimilation at the tree level. Such a model will be useful to predict carbon assimilation in new planting areas, and to understand dynamics of net C ecosystem exchange (NEE). Operation 7: Water relationships as related to tapping, climate and soil conditions Coordinator : Dr. Frederic Do, IRD Core members: PSU, KU, CIRAD, DOA (CRRC, SRRC) Associated members: KKU, IRD, INRA (UMR PIAF) Dynamics of leaf water potential and sap flow, as related to soil humidity and climate are currently studied in mature plantations of drought-prone areas to determine canopy conductance, water use, water stress thresholds. This is done mainly in CRRC and in a smallholder plantation of Buriram Province. Those works will be extended to southern region (Surathani, Hat Yai) in collaboration with PSU. The introduction of irrigation treatment will
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facilitate the analysis of water constraint along the eco-climatic gradient. Such trials will also test the possibility to tap during dry season. In an other hand, flooding events also occur in rubber plantation.. Their effects are poorly documented. Therefore, it is proposed to both consider the effect shortage and excess of water on tree water relationships, growth and production. Modelling tools will be applied to integrate and compare the data collected along the eco-climatic gradient. 4.2.3 – Transversal operations Operation 8: Development of new methodologies for ecophysiological measurements. Coordinator : Dr. Frederic Gay, CIRAD Core members: KU, CIRAD, DOA , PSU Associated members: INRA (UMR PIAF), IRD, KKU This operation aims at developing inexpensive, handy, automated, field applicable and harmless devices to enhance/make easier data acquisition and data processing capacities in agro-physiological studies. Three activities have been identified in relation with the scientific operations described above:
- simplification of the Diagnostic Latex to application in smallholders plantation,
- development of the hemispherical picture method to estimate the dynamic of LAI of a rubber plantation,
- application of the PEPIPIAF system to monitor the micro-variation of trunk diameter in rubber plantation
Operation 9: Development of a database on multi-local experiment Coordinator : Dr. Frederic Gay, CIRAD Core members: KU, CIRAD, DOA , PSU Associated members: INRA (UMR PIAF), IRD, KKU This operation aims at developing and analysing a database build-up with the results of experimental network setting-up by HRPP members along the eco-climatic gradient for rubber tree cultivation in Thailand. Such a database will help in assessing the effect of climatic conditions on the performances and ecophysiology of rubber trees. Three of the operations described above have developed network of experimental sites in different ecological conditions :
- OP1 with trial on DCA in CRRC, Chantaburi and Songkhla provinces - OP5 with main measurements of biomass accumulation at CRRC but also in several locations in the Souther provinces
- OP7 with experiments on water relationships of rubber trees but also irrigation trials in CRRC, Songkla and Buriram provinces.
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It is proposed to first build-up a database of the DCA trials including daily records of latex production and climatic data with the objective of analysing the correlation between climatic factor (rain, radiation, temperature, humidity) and latex production.
4.3 – Genomics, Biotechnologies and the Performances of Rubber Planting Material RRIT-DOA has the mandate to create clones and rubber planting material through its rubber breeding programme. This programme has gained experience of in vitro cultivation, notably through past cooperation with CIRAD. The project aims at developing and validating new tools that will be further implemented by the breeding programme. This project, such as the other projects, associates research and graduate training of Thai researchers and students in the framework of the participation of Kasetsart University Mahidol University and other universities. Since 2000 and up to the year 2010, the “Genmap 1” operation is being developed as a research application of the use of molecular genetic markers for assistance to rubber breeding. It is based on genetic mapping and field phenotyping for the identification of QTLs (Quantitative Traits Loci) that can be used after validation for Markers-Assisted Selection (MAS). A second operation (“Genmap 2”) takes the advantage of this map for MAS implementation in rubber breeding program in Thailand. This operation will be developed following 2 approaches: the first one (“Genmap 2a”) aims at selecting the best individuals from the Genmap population based on their genotype at the 3 microsatellite markers identified as tightly linked to the 2 main QTLs identified in Genmap 1; the second one (“Genmap 2b”) aims at integrating a set of candidate-genes that were isolated by CIRAD, IRD, and Mahidol University in the microsatellite/AFLP map built during Genmap 1 operation in order to assess the impact of these genes on the behaviour of rubber trees and make possible a direct MAS among the variability of the allelic forms of these genes. Also based on Genmap 1 results, a third operation is planed: attempt to make a map based cloning & sequencing of the major QTL located on linkage group g16, underlying latex yield. Details of the working plan of this operation is still under discussion between partners (CIRAD, Biotec, MU and RRIT). In complement to the QTL mapping developed on the Genmap 1 progeny, a QTL mapping approach is also implemented for drought tolerance using one or several new progeny(ies). A fifth operation (“In vitro” now at discussion stage) should apply CIRAD in vitro biotechnologies to somatic embryogenesis of three clones important for Thai rubber cropping, with view to make possible the development of these clones “on their own roots”, without budding nor external rootstock.
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Most of these operations will associate one Ph.D. preparation by one Thai researcher/student under academic supervision of Thai and/or French universities. 4.3.1 - Genetic Determinism and QTL Identification for Traits Related with Rubber Cropping (Genmap 1) Coordinator: Mr Andre Clement-Demange (CIRAD) Core members: KU, CIRAD, RRIT-DOA at CRRC Associated members: INRA-PIAF for analysis of xylem vulnerability to embolism. The family RRIM600 x PB217 was created by RRIT at CRRC in 2000. The genetic map was made (genotyping and map building) from 2002 to 2005 by 2 Thai researchers at CIRAD-Montpellier. This map is based on 445 non-expressed DNA molecular genetic markers (microsatellites and AFLP) issued from genomic research. The field trial was set in 2002 for phenotyping and will be closed in 2010. The Ph.D. that is performed under supervision of Kasetsart University will be defended in 2010. The first results are very encouraging (heritabilities, genetic values of 198 clones, genetic correlations, 2 important QTLs detected). Field measurements will be continued in 2008 and 2009. Validation of the QTLs and their application to rubber breeding should be carried out by the rubber breeding programme. Extension of this research to new ecological sites can be considered, notably for assessing the response of the family to more stressful conditions (water stress). Extension of this research to new families can also be considered. 4.3.2 – Marker Aided Selection (MAS) in rubber tree This project is subdivided in 2 operations: 4.3.2.1 – Application of MAS using QTLs and markers identified in the Genmap 1 operation (Genmap 2a) Coordinator: Mr Andre Clement-Demange (CIRAD) Core members: KU, CIRAD, RRIT-DOA at CRRC The Genmap population issued of the RRIM600 x PB217 cross encompasses more than 600 individuals available at CRRC. Nevertheless, QTL detection was applied only on a sub-sample of 196 of them. A first objective is to better valorize the complete progeny for the microsatellite marker based selection: using only the 3 molecular markers tightly linked to the 2 major QTLs identified for growth and latex yield, it is planed to select the best individuals
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at the markers. This clones will be put into the conventional breeding scheme of CRRC and analysed for agronomic value in the perspective of varietal creation. A second objective is to confirm (or not) the efficiency of these 2 major QTLs in different ecological contexts (severe water stress vs. optimum water provision). The number of individuals that will be analysed in these multi-local trials is not yet definitely established. In addition, it is proposed to test physiological traits (hydraulic traits such as cavitation...) can be used as additional traits for QTL analysis on this progeny. The segregation of these traits will be checked on a sub-sample of this progeny. In case of clear segregation and of suspected sufficient heritability, this traits could be measured on al the 196 individuals of the Genmap population. 4.3.2.2 - Genetic Mapping of Candidate-Genes Related with Rubber Cropping (Genmap 2b) Coordinator: Dr Herve Chrestin (IRD) Core members: CIRAD, RRIT-DOA at CRRC Associated members: MU and IRD Direct investigation about the genes underlying the QTLs, through the way of fine mapping, chromosome walking and positional cloning will not be implemented due to the cost and time investment that should be necessary. The short-cut of the candidate-genes approach will be privileged as it is thought more diversified and more profitable. Transcriptomics covers research devoted to RNA extracted from trees submitted to various treatments. Messenger RNAs are the products of the expression of genes as a response to the treatments. RNA is then converted into cDNA that are used for designing probes, isolating and cloning the corresponding genes that are assumed to play a significant role in the treatments (“candidate-genes”). Such candidate-genes are becoming more and more available. Localization of the candidate-genes on the genetic map will open various possibilities :
� assessing their actual involvement in the expression of traits (in the conditions of the field trial) by taking advantage of the already available phenotypic data,
� assessing their co-localization with some of the genetic markers on the map that could be used for selection applied to those genes,
� discovering possible co-localization with the identified QTLs, thereby lightening the biological meaning of those QTLs.
The main challenge of this research is to find, for each candidate-gene on the two parents RRIM600 and PB217, some allelic polymorphism that can be used for genotyping the progenies and localizing the candidate-genes.
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For the most promising candidate-genes, extension of the operation should be devoted to an accurate analysis of their expression in different genotypes by quantitative PCR amplification. 4.3.3 – Toward a map based cloning & sequencing of the latex yield QTL identified in GENEMAP-1 (Proposal still under discussion between partners) Coordinator: Dr. Marc Seguin Core members: CIRAD, RRIT-DOA at CRRC Associated members: MU, IRD Other partners : BIOTEC Thanks to the relatively precise location of the yield QTL on g16 linkage group from Genmap 1, it is prosposed to make an attempt of a map based cloning of the underlying gene(s). The RO 38 BAC library created by CIRAD (UMR-dap, Montpellier), is available for that purpose. The possibility to create a complementary BAC library has to be discussed. A PhD graduate researcher from RRIT, will spend 4 – 6 months in Montpellier for BAC clones selection. Physical mapping, chromosomal walking and sequencing will be continued at BIOTEC lab in Thailand. 4.3.4 – QTL mapping of drought tolerance from new progenie(s) (Proposal still under discussion between partners) Coordinator: RRIT Core members: CIRAD, KU, RRIT-DOA at CRRC Associated members: MU, INRA-PIAF, UBP-PIAF Other partners : BIOTEC QTL mapping approach will be also applied to drought tolerance using one or several new progeny(ies) implying the susceptible clone RRII105. The choice of mapping population(s) is not yet fixed and will depend of the possibility to obtain a sufficiently large progeny from RRI105 x [tolerant clone] following the 2009 pollination campain in 2009. Hydraulic (cavitation, conductance...), and delta-C13 measures will be used for a more accurate estimate of the drough tolerance level of all individuals. The molecular genotyping of the progeny(ies) will be made using expressed genes/ESTs derived markers. Nevertheles, in order to allow map alignments with reference maps, it will be necessary to integrate a subset of at least 36 genomic microsatellite markers (2 per chromosome) in this RRI105 derived map(s). 4.3.5 – Validation of molecular marker of stress (TPN) and of proteic marker of yield Coordinator: Dr. Jarunya Narangajavana (MU)
Core members: RRIT-DOA at CRRC, CIRAD
Associated members: IRD, MU
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This operation has been developed since 2007, with the following scientific objectives: to use new biochemical and molecular tools, to gain better knowledge on the physiological and molecular mechanisms leading to the onset and development of the rubber tree physiological bark diseases (TPN & TPD), or in the contrary involved in higher rubber yield,
To identify or validate biochemical and/or molecular markers of sensitivity/tolerance to the exploitation and other abiotic stresses, leading to cessation of latex production (TPD, TPN,…), or in the contrary to high rubber yield.
The experiment (2007-2009), called “Studies of stress markers and organic nitrogen nutrients use in latex and bark for yield optimization and panel diseases control in clone BPM24” is aimed to:
� study of productivity, assessment of latex metabolism, carbohydrate and organic nitrogen reserves under contrasted conditions of stress,
� study of the metabolic partition of assimilates (competition between sinks: growth, rubber production...),
� validate the available molecular markers of stress and physiological bark diseases (TPD/TPN),
� improve and optimize rubber yield and productivity. 4.3.6 - Application of Somatic Embryogenesis for the Propagation of New Clones on their own Roots Coordinator: Dr Pascal Montoro (CIRAD) Core members: CIRAD, RRIT-DOA at CRRC. This proposal aims at opening CIRAD biotechnologies to one Thai researcher for producing embryogenic friable callus lines suitable for large-scale propagation of elite clones. Based on the production of somatic embryos from short-term procedure developed by RRIT, CIRAD proposes a strategy combining the establishment of friable embryogenic callus lines and their cryopreservation, then the screening of callus lines with high capacity for plant regeneration and preparation of large stock of the selected cryopreserved callus lines. Field evaluation of vitroplants will be conducted by RRIT in order to insure the quality of planting material before large-scale propagation from cryoconserved stock. This proposal includes one 2-year period of one Thai Ph.D. researcher at CIRAD-Montpellier for the production of callus lines with high plant regeneration capacity for one clone chosen by Thai partners, then one 2-year period at RRIT-DOA for the production of vitroplants. A third phase, beyond the time-table of the operation, will be devoted to setting up field trials and assessing the vitroplants for agricultural performance.
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4.4 - Technology and Rubber Quality
4.4.1 - Non Consistency of NR : Effect of Non-Isoprene
Coordinators: Siriluck Liengprayoon (KU), Laurent Vaysse (CIRAD) Core member: KU, PSU, CIRAD Associated members: SupAgro, MU, IRD In association with private sector Compared with its synthetic counterpart (synthetic poly(cis-1,4-isoprene)) which shows a consistent quality, NR contains a relatively important non-polymer part (>5%). The assumption which is made for this study is that the non-consistency of NR properties may be due to its non-isoprene part. Therefore non-isoprene, and more specifically lipids of NR, are studied. Methodological development has been performed in KU-CIRAD joint laboratory well equipped for lipid extraction and analysis. The initial model of dry rubber was USS (unsmoked sheet) in order to work on monoclonal sample and to be able to repeat rigorously the making process at small scale (workshop in rubber field). This small scale process allows also the study of the effect of tapping system on lipid and properties. Moreover works on more degraded samples are on going with the mini-creping and drying process developed in Surat Thani (maturated coagula) and the maturated USS process developed in Chantaburi workshop. Most of the operations of this project deal with the comparison of lipid composition (Phospho, glyco, neutral lipids, unsaponifiable, fatty acid composition) and some properties of NR: physical properties (gel, molar mass distribution, averaged molar masses), as well as rheological behaviors (plasticity, plasticity retention index, viscosity, breakdown index, vulcanization behavior, storage hardening…). Obtained correlation could provide new pertinent predictive indicators of manufacturing behavior. When studying either non-isoprene composition or properties, clonal origin appears to be one of the most discriminatory parameter. Therefore a molecular biology (SSH approach) is envisaged on two clones displaying clear difference in terms of manufacturing properties (defined by a private partner) as well as of non-isoprene composition. 4.4.2 - Characterization of Post-harvest Maturation of Cup Coagula Coordinators: Suwaluk Wisunthorn (PSU), Laurent Vaysse, CIRAD. Core members: KU, PSU, CIRAD Associated member: SupAgro In association with private sector
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In Technically Specified Rubber (TSR) factories, cup coagula are stored in pile for a variable period of time before being processed. During this so-called “maturation” period, neither the microbiological phenomena occurring, nor their implications on properties of raw NR are known. The purpose of the first operation of this project is to study this phenomenon under laboratory controlled conditions. For this aim, a dedicated device has been build where temperature, relative humidity, and oxygen content are independently controlled. This system allows also to work under sterile condition in order to test the effect of selected enzyme/microorganisms. In addition, a mini creping and drying process has been also developed and adjusted by comparison with standard industrial process. Microorganisms involvement has been proven in our study. A second PhD work would study the mode of action of microorganisms that impacts the quality of rubber, especially PRI. Output of this study could be the definition of optimal parameters of maturation in terms of physico-chemical condition as well as microbiological activity for a higher and more consistent quality. Upstream studies are on-going to better characterize the origin of cup coagula in Surat Thani Province. For this purpose, a preliminary survey has been performed in small holder plantations (collaboration with Socio-economy group) in order to get a typology of cupcoagula making local practices (tapping system, tapping frequency, natural coagulation/acid, harvest time, local storage condition. …). Control of quality of cup coagula will be performed for each identified type. This should lead to the proposal of improved practices. Process innovation, such as use of natural coagulant, will be also tested. A new study will also start to compare the effect of various post harvest processing (USS, TSR5, TSR20 with different coagula maturation time) on physical properties of raw and vulcanized rubber. Parallel biochemical and structural analyses would be performed on the samples. 4.4.3 - Advanced technologies in NR processing to address environmental issues: development of a clean process of valorization of NR factory skim and effluent by filtration technologies Coordinators: Watsa Kongnakorn (PSU), Claude Dupuy (UM2) Core Member: PSU Associated Member: UM2 Micro and ultrafiltration are promising technologies used more and more in agro industrial processes. Two applications of filtration technology are envisaged:
� - Skim concentration and obtention of new value added co-products using ultrafiltration technologies.The purpose of this project is to recover small rubber particles from skim latex by ultrafiltration to replace the sulfuric acid use. This would lead to a new latex grade with potential new applications. The main activities would be to :Characterize skim, concentrate latex and permeate, skim latex cross
49
flow optimization (hydrodynamic parameters, fouling and scaling control of membrane by adding surfactants, optimization of membrane cleaning….), valorize skim latex concentrate as adhesives for the wood industry.
- Application of membrane bioreactor technology to improve the quality of rubber industry effluents. for
5 - Higher Education and Capacity Building
Strengthen human capacities in natural rubber research and development project is part of the overall objective of the platform. 4 actions are concerned:
- Ph.D. programme - Scientific exchanges - Short term training - Development of a new curriculum in rubber science
The objectives of this action are to strengthen human resources through support to a regional innovative curriculum on rubber sciences in order:
- to set up innovative international post-graduate and doctoral programmes in Thailand, opened to other Asian countries;
- to develop a master degree on major topics in rubber sector, including economics and management;
- to improve and consolidate existing academic network between Asian and European higher education institutions, by encouraging scientific exchanges;
- to implement innovative methods related to educational engineering, emphasizing field and professional experience associated to standard academic education of a master degree;
- to implement short term training programmes in order to develop local industry human capacities.
Current status of this action: In order to tailor the curriculum to the actual requirements of the sector, it has been considered as necessary to get the advice of both academic and professional sectors to assess the needs of the rubber sector in terms of education and training on rubber. This training needs assessment was planned to be carried out through the implementation of a specific questionnaire during interviews or meetings with rubber associations, rubber industry and planters but this strategy failed to be implemented properly. Thus, a new approach has been considered, taking the opportunity of the workshop on Training and Education held on 28 January 2009 during the first annual HRPP seminar to receive opinion and comments from representatives of the rubber sector and universities regarding the current and future status of Human Resources in the Thai rubber sector. The other main issue in building-up this new curriculum was the necessity to have a good and complete picture of the current degrees related to natural rubber existing in Thailand in order to avoid any overlapping of the new curriculum to be designed.
50
Main output of the workshop on Training and Education (28 January 2009): From comments done by the representative of the Thai Rubber Association (TRA), it has been acted there was a clear need from the rubber industry for a more complete rubber HRD system, especially a “Professional” MSc. with integrated knowledge in the whole rubber value chain (up-stream, mid-stream, and down-stream). Participants agreed that this draft curriculum program should be elaborated by the core members of the HRPP (KU, PSU, DOA, CIRAD), and will be presented to the professional sector (TRA, ORRAF…) to check its accuracy to fit the actual demand of the stakeholders. The proposed and agreed scope of this curriculum should be “From Seed to block rubber”, starting with rubber tree biology & agronomy (GAP), ending with the first transformation of natural rubber from the field + marketing, economics, socio-economics, management… Regarding the description of existing degrees, different tables summarizing the list of existing degrees related to rubber were issued by KU from data found in the CHE website and by PSU. Details of curriculums related to rubber were also available. Several degrees (BS, MS, PhD) and curriculums are clearly related to Rubber and Polymer Technology, as well as Rubber Industry Management. But curriculums on Plant Science appeared mainly to be discipline-oriented, there is no clear specific curriculum on “Agronomy of Rubber”. PSU has the project to re-organize the existing courses and body of knowledge to bring out the curriculum on “Rubber”. Partners of HRPP, namely KU and CIRAD agreed to coordinately draft the new program (waiting for the feedback from SupAgro which was not able to attend the present seminar/workshop). Actions to be taken Time table: aiming to a possible launching (implementation) of the program by June 2010, the new curriculum must be finished to be drafted and developed by June 2009 to be processed through University approval procedure. The participants agreed on the creation of a Working Group to continue the process of building-up the curriculum in permanent connection with the rubber sector. This group will be composed of: Dr. Chutima Tantikitti (PSU/FNR) Dr. Poonpipope Kasemsap (KU) Dr. Antoine Leconte (CIRAD) A representative from DOA to join the group is to be identified. Next meeting of the working group will be held on 12 February 2009 and hosted by PSU/FNR at Hat Yai. Main target is to achieve a first draft of the curriculum by the end of March 2009. TRA will then invite the working group to present the project at the monthly meeting of TRA members which will be held in Hat Yai on early April 2009. In the meantime, a feedback must be obtained from SupAgro regarding its involvement in the project.
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Document no. 6
Contact List of Participants
52
First HRPP Seminar : January 2009 Contact list of Participants
Name Position Institute Place Telephone Fax E-mail
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Sornprach Thanisawanyangkura President of HRPP KU Bangkok 02-9427623 02-9427624 [email protected]
Miss Phacharavadee Paerattakul Assistant to the President KU Bangkok 02-9428500 ext 4408 [email protected]
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Poonpipope Kasemsap Director of International Studies Center KU Bangkok 0-2562-0985 0-2562-0985 [email protected]
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Klanarong Sriroth Deputy Director for Academic of Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product improvement Institute
KU Bangkok 02-942-8600-3 02-562-0338 [email protected]
Mr. Somsakdi Tabtimthong Director of International Affair Division KU Bangkok 02-9428173 02-9428170 [email protected]
Dr. Pakamon ChitprasertLecturer, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Indrustry
KU Bangkok 02-9405634 02-9405634 [email protected]
Dr. Suphasit RodkwanDepartment of mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering
KU Bangkok 02-942-8555 02-579-4576 [email protected]
Dr. Jessada PhattaralerphongLecturer, Faculty of Natural Resources and Agro-Industry
KU Sakonnakorn 042-725036 042-725037 [email protected]
Dr. Duangrat Satakhun Researcher, DORAS Center KU Bangkok 02-9427623 02-9427624 [email protected]
Miss Sudarat Chamchaoi Staff, DORAS Center KU Bangkok 02-9427623 02-9427624
Miss Dokkaew Jura Staff, DORAS Center KU Bangkok 02-9427623 02-9427624
Miss Wichuda Vongpraseard Staff, DORAS Center KU Bangkok 02-9427623 02-9427624
Miss Thidabhon Ngamsan Staff, DORAS Center KU Bangkok 02-9427623 02-9427624
Dr. Siriluck Liengprayoon Reseacher, KAPI KU Bangkok 02-9405634 02-9405634 [email protected]
Miss Natedao Musikamart Researcher, KAPI KU Bangkok 02-9405634 02-9405634 [email protected]
Miss Roungrong Thongtan Researcher, KAPI KU Bangkok 02-9405634 02-9405634
Miss Ornuma Dungyam International Studies Center KU Bangkok 0-2562-0985 0-2562-0985 [email protected]
Mr. Jate SathornkichResearcher, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture
KU Bangkok [email protected]
Mr. Pongphan Siripornphaldeekul Ph.D. Student KU Bangkok [email protected]
Miss Boonthida Kositsup Ph.D. Student KU Bangkok 0-2218-5485 0-2252-8979 [email protected]
Mrs. Rasamee Suravanit Ph.D. Student KU Bangkok
Mr. Sumit Kunjet Ph.D. Student KU Bangkok [email protected]
Mr. Naruenat Chairungsee Ph.D. Student KU Bangkok [email protected]
Miss Ratchanee Rattanawong Ph.D. Student KU [email protected], [email protected]
Miss Thittayaporn Leeraungsi Master Student KU Bangkok
Miss Ariya Phakagrong Master Student KU Bangkok [email protected]
Assoc.Prof. Dr. Surapon ArrykulVice President for Research and Graduate Studies
PSU Hat Yai 074-282810 074-212839 [email protected]
Assoc.Prof. Perapong Tekasakul Director of Research and Development PSU Hat Yai 074-212808 074-212839 [email protected]
Assoc.Prof. Dr. Wullop Santipracha Dean of Faculty of Natural Ressources PSU Hat Yai 074-286016 074-211122 [email protected]
Dr. Chutima TantikittiVice Dean for Academic Affairs and Graduate Studies, Faculty of Natural Resources
PSU Hat Yai 074-286016 074-212845 [email protected]
Miss Narumon Preaksa Lecturer, Faculty of Natural Resources PSU Hat Yai 074-286134 074-212839 [email protected]
Dr. Suwaluk Wisunthorn Assistant to President for International Affairs and Research in Surat Thani
PSU Suratthani 077-355453 077-355453 [email protected]
Assoc.Prof. Dr. Buncha SomboonsukeLecturer, Department of Agricultural Development, Faculty of Natural Resources
PSU Hat Yai 074-286016 074-211122 [email protected]
Assoc.Prof. Dr. Sayan SdoodeeLecturer, Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Natural Resources
PSU Hat Yai 074-286016 074-211122 [email protected]
Miss Pornpan Sae-Wong Student, Faculty of Natural Resources PSU Hat Yai 074-286134 074-212839 [email protected]
Miss Kanokporn Phacheerat Lecturer, Faculty of Economics PSU Hat Yai 074-286238 074-459353 [email protected]
Mr. Chaiya Kongmanee Lecturer, Faculty of Economics PSU Hat Yai 074-286238 074-459353 [email protected]
Miss Jutharat IntapunLecturer, Faculty of Sciences and Industrial Technology PSU Suratthani 077-355453 077-355453 [email protected]
Dr. Duangkae kanjanasopaLecturer, Faculty of Sciences and Industrial Technology PSU Suratthani 077-355453 077-355453 [email protected]
Dr. Supaporn Ieamkaeng Lecturer PSU Suratthani [email protected]
Dr. Suchart Choengtong Lecturer PSU Suratthani 074-286238 074-459353 [email protected]
Kasetsart University
Prince of Songkla University
53
First HRPP Seminar : January 2009 Contact list of Participants
Name Position Institute Place Telephone Fax E-mail
Mr. Pichet Prommon Steering Committee RRIT, DOA Bangkok 02-5797557-8 02-5614744 [email protected]
Dr. Thitaporn Phumichai Researcher RRIT, DOA Bangkok 02-5791576 ext 302 02-5614744 [email protected]
Mrs.Kanlaya Prapan Researcher RRIT, CRRC Bangkok 038-136225-6 038-136225-6
Dr. Pisamai Chuntuma Researcher RRIT, CRRC ChaChengSao 038-136225-6 038-136225-6 [email protected]
Miss Kanikar Teerawatanasuk Researcher RRIT, CRRC ChaChengSao 038-136225-6 038-136225-6 [email protected]
Mr.Therachart Vichitchonlachai Director CRRC RRIT, CRRC ChaChengSao 038-136225-6 038-136225-6
Mr. Warit Khaenkhong Researcher RRIT, CRRC ChaChengSao 038-136225-6 038-136225-6 [email protected]
Mr. Arak Chuntuma Researcher RRIT, CRRC ChaChengSao 038-136225-6 038-136225-6 [email protected]
Miss Piyanuch Piyatrakul Researcher RRIT, CRRC ChaChengSao 038-136225-6 038-136225-6 [email protected]
Dr. Kritsada Sangsing Researcher RRIT, Suratthani Suratthani 077-274097 077-286913 [email protected]
Mrs. Chatchamon Daengkanit Researcher RRIT, Suratthani Suratthani 077-274097 077-286913 [email protected]
Mrs. Rasamee Suravanit Researcher / KU PhD stduent RRIT Bangkok 02-5797557-8 02-5614744
Dr.Kittichai Triratanasirichai President KKU Kon Khaen 043-202011 043-202015 [email protected]
Dr. Anan Polthanee Dean of Faculty of Agriculture KKU Kon Khaen 043-202360 043-202361 [email protected]
Mr.Supat Isarangkool Na AyutthayaLecturer, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture
KKU Kon Khaen 043-342949 [email protected], [email protected]
Miss Junya Junnjittakarn PhD Student IRD KKU Kon Khaen 043-202943 043-203212 [email protected]
Miss Santimaitree Gonkhamdee PhD Student IRD KKU Kon Khaen 043-342949 [email protected], [email protected]
Dr. Krisda SuchivaLecturer, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science
MU Bangkok 02-2015121 02-3547151 [email protected]
Assoc. Prof Dr Jarunya NarangajavanaLecturer, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science
MU Bangkok 02-2015319 02-3547160 [email protected]
Dr. Kanokporn Triwitayakorn Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics MU Bangkok 02-4419906 [email protected]
Dr. Unchera SookmarkLecturer, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science
MU Bangkok 02-2015235 02-3547172 [email protected]
Dr. Panida KongsawadworakulLecturer, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science
MU Bangkok 02-2015232 02-3547172 [email protected]
Miss Manassawe Lertpanyasampatha Student MU Bangkok [email protected]
Miss Wipada Polsri Student MU Bangkok [email protected]
Miss Paweena Chuenwarin Student MU Bangkok [email protected]
Asst.Prof.Dr. Manas LosirikulHead of Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture
UBU Ubon Rajchathani 045-353500 045-282373 [email protected]
Mr. Prawit WongsukonDepartment of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture
UBU Ubon Rajchathani 045-353500 045-282373 [email protected]
Mr. Siwarote Boonrasri Lecturer, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science
Mae Jo Chiang Mai 053-873535 053-878225 [email protected]
Miss Chutamas ManeewongLecturer, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science
Mae Jo Chiang Mai 053-873535 053-878225 [email protected]
Dr. Benedicte Chambon Researcher CIRAD Montpellier, France +33467616573 +33467616590 [email protected]
Dr. Marc Seguin Researcher CIRAD Montpellier, France +33467617127 +33467615793 [email protected]
Dr. Eric Gohet Head of Research Unit 34 CIRAD Montpellier, France +33467617178 +33467616590 [email protected]
Dr. Jean Charles Maillard Cirad Regional Director CIRAD Vietnam +84437346775 +84437346783 [email protected]
Dr. Antoine Leconte CIRAD Representative in Thailand CIRAD KU Bangkok +6629427627 +6629427628 [email protected]
Dr. Laurent Vaysse Researcher, HRPP Coordinator CIRAD KU Bangkok +6629427627 +6629427628 [email protected]
Dr. Frederic Gay Researcher CIRAD KU Bangkok +6629427627 +6629427628 [email protected]
Dr Jerome Sainte-Beuve (could not attend) Rubber Advisor of Cirad CIRAD Montpellier, France +33467617128 +33467615515 [email protected]
Dr. Herve Cochard Researcher PIAF, INRA Clermont, France [email protected]
Rubber Research Institute of Thailand, DOA
Khon Khaen University
CIRAD
Mahidol University
Ubon Rajchathani University
Mae Jo University
INRA
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First HRPP Seminar : January 2009 Contact list of Participants
Name Position Institute Place Telephone Fax E-mail
Dr. Frederic Do Researcher IRD KK +6643202943 +6643203212 [email protected]
Dr. Herve Chrestin Researcher IRD Bangkok [email protected]
Dr. Regine Lefait-Robin IRD representative, Thailand IRD Bangkok +6626272190 +6626272194 [email protected]
Dr Eric Dubreucq (could not attend) Professor Montpellier SupAgro Montpellier, France +33499612364 [email protected]
Dr. Agnes Guilliot Lecturer/Researcher UBP Clermont, France +33473407931 +33473407916 [email protected]
Dr. Claude Dupuy de Cresenzo Professor UMII Montpellier, France [email protected]
Dr. Abdo MalacAttache for Scientific and Higher Education Cooperation
French Embassy Bangkok [email protected]
Dr. Somvong Tragoonrung Head of DNA Technology Laboratory BIOTECH Bangkok 02-5646700 ext 3245 02-5646584
Dr. Sithichoke Tangphatsornrung Researcher BIOTECH Bangkok 02-5646700 ext 3259 02-5646584 [email protected]
Miss Urapchata Sasipreejun NRCT Bangkok 02-5702286 02-5702286
Dr. Poolpat Prugsananon ORRAF Bangkok 02-4340180-91 02-4351112
Mr. Phoolsak Intarayotha ORRAF Bangkok 02-4340180-91 02-4351112
Dr. Luckchai Kittipol President The Thai Rubber
Association (TRA)Bangkok 074-429011-2 074-429312
Miss Pongpen SummapanThe Thai Rubber
Association (TRA)Bangkok 02-7517022
Mr.Chanchai Chiarakul Deputy Secretarial GeneralThe Federation of Thai
Industries Rubber-based Industry Club
Bangkok 02-3451163 02-3451281 [email protected]
Montpellier SupAgro
French Embassy
Others participants
IRD
Blaise Pascal University (Clermont-Ferrand)
Montpellier II University
HRPP Hevea Research Platform in Partnership DORAS Centre Research & Development Building, 3rd Floor Kasetsart University 50 Phaholyothin Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900. THAILAND
Contacts: Dr.Laurent Vaysse ([email protected]) Ms.Natedao Musigamart ([email protected])
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