COST Action “Alien Challenge” Enhancing understanding of invasive alien pathogens Date: 18-19 March 2015 Venue: Sedgemoor Room, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, UK Horizon-scanning, the systematic examination of future potential threats and opportunities, leading to prioritisation of invasive alien species (IAS) threats is seen as an essential component of IAS management. Recently a consensus approach was used to determine IAS that were likely to arrive, establish and impact on native biodiversity in Great Britain within the next ten years (Roy et al. 2014). Pathogens were excluded from this approach. There is a significant gap in our knowledge in relation to the risks posed to biodiversity by microorganisms introduced by invasive terrestrial and aquatic organisms across Europe. We propose to use horizon scanning methods to: Undertake a cross-cutting review of pathogen life histories to enhance understanding of threats, methods and knowledge gaps within natural and semi-natural systems Derive a list of invasive alien pathogens that will impact on biodiversity in the EU or at least identify “pathogens of concern” and highlight knowledge gaps. We would target this specifically at pathogens affecting plants and animals in natural and semi-natural systems, and would exclude cropping systems, livestock production and those pathogens that may affect human health though we would seek to learn from the horizon scanning methods employed in these sectors given the parallels in arrival, establishment and spread processes. The outcome will be a high impact publication. Small subgroups will consider diseases and mechanisms of disease transmission associated with specific taxonomic groups or environments: Terrestrial Invertebrates – led by: Jørgen Eilenberg and Helen Hesketh Aquatic - led by: Grant Stentiford Plants - led by: Alberto Santini and Dan Chapman Wildlife diseases - led by: Riccardo Scalera Vectors of disease - led by: Beth Purse Glossary Please see the following as guidance to terms http://www.oie.int/index.php?id=169&L=0&htmfile=glossaire.htm#terme_infection http://www.oie.int/en/international-standard-setting/aquatic-code/access-online/
15
Embed
OST Action “Alien hallenge” · Anja Amtoft-Wynns) 1150 Horizon scanning of invertebrate pathogens (Helen Hesketh on behalf of Regina Kleespies) 1155 Discussion 1200 Plants –
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
COST Action “Alien Challenge”
Enhancing understanding of invasive alien pathogens
Date: 18-19 March 2015
Venue: Sedgemoor Room, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, UK
Horizon-scanning, the systematic examination of future potential threats and opportunities, leading to
prioritisation of invasive alien species (IAS) threats is seen as an essential component of IAS management.
Recently a consensus approach was used to determine IAS that were likely to arrive, establish and impact
on native biodiversity in Great Britain within the next ten years (Roy et al. 2014). Pathogens were
excluded from this approach.
There is a significant gap in our knowledge in relation to the risks posed to biodiversity by microorganisms
introduced by invasive terrestrial and aquatic organisms across Europe. We propose to use horizon
scanning methods to:
Undertake a cross-cutting review of pathogen life histories to enhance understanding of threats,
methods and knowledge gaps within natural and semi-natural systems
Derive a list of invasive alien pathogens that will impact on biodiversity in the EU or at least
identify “pathogens of concern” and highlight knowledge gaps.
We would target this specifically at pathogens affecting plants and animals in natural and semi-natural
systems, and would exclude cropping systems, livestock production and those pathogens that may affect
human health though we would seek to learn from the horizon scanning methods employed in these
sectors given the parallels in arrival, establishment and spread processes. The outcome will be a high
impact publication.
Small subgroups will consider diseases and mechanisms of disease transmission associated with specific
taxonomic groups or environments:
Terrestrial Invertebrates – led by: Jørgen Eilenberg and Helen Hesketh
Katharine Turvey Grant holder & WG3 x United Kingdom
Colin Harrower Core group & WG4 x United Kingdom
Ana Cristina Cardoso WG1 x Italy
Olaf Booy Risk assessment United Kingdom
Karolina Bacela-Spychalska Aquatic Poland
Jamie Bojko Aquatic United Kingdom
Alison Dunn Aquatic United Kingdom
Grant Stentiford Aquatic United Kingdom
Ed Peeler Aquatic United Kingdom
Elena Tricarico Aquatic & core group x Italy
Jørgen Eilenberg Invertebrate pathogens Denmark
Helen Hesketh Invertebrate pathogens United Kingdom
Anja Amtoft Wynns Invertebrate pathogens Denmark
Regina Kleespies Invertebrate pathogens Germany
Monique Van Oers Invertebrate pathogens Netherlands
Sandra Viglášová Invertebrate pathogens Slovakia
Alan Stewart Invertebrate pathogens United Kingdom
Alain Roques Invertebrates & core group x France
Alberto Santini Plant pathogens Italy
Andrea Vannini Plant pathogens Italy
Stephen Woodward Plant pathogens United Kingdom
Montserrat Vila Plant pathogens & core group x Spain
Quentin Groom Plant pathogens & core group x Belgium
Jan Pergl Plant pathogens & core group x Czech Republic
Paul Bessell Vectors United Kingdom
Bethan Purse Vectors United Kingdom
Francis Schaffner Vectors Switzerland
Stefan Schindler Vectors Austria
Kelly Martinou Vectors Cyprus
Arjan Stroo Vectors Netherlands
Wojciech Solarz Wildlife diseases Poland
Katie Beckmann Wildlife diseases United Kingdom
Benedikt Schmidt Wildlife diseases Switzerland
Jonathan Smith Wildlife diseases United Kingdom
Tim Adriaens Wildlife diseases Belgium
Wolfgang Rabitsch Wildlife diseases Austria
Riccardo Scalera Wildlife diseases & core group x Italy
Day 1: Pathogen life histories to enhance understanding of threats, methods and
knowledge gaps within natural and semi-natural systems
Chair: Helen Roy
0815 Registration and coffee
0900 Welcome (Mark Bailey – CEH Director)
0915 Keynote lecture: “Parasites and invasions; interactions, impacts and opportunities for control”
(Alison Dunn)
0940 Overview of horizon scanning for IAS (Helen Roy)
0955 Assessing biosecurity risk through horizon scanning (Ed Peeler)
1010 Coffee
1030 Contributions models to horizon scanning (Beth Purse and Dan Chapman)
1040 Aquatic - subgroup overview: “Pathogen threats in traded and non-traded aquatic hosts” (Grant
Stentiford)
1100 Pathogen in a traded host (VHSV in salmonids) (Ed Peeler) 1105 Pathogen in a non-traded host (Microsporidia in D. villosus) (Karolina Bacela-Spychalska) 1110 Approaches to assess unknown pathogen profile in non-native hosts/environmental matrices (TBC) 1115 Discussion
1140 How viruses applied in insect biocontrol might affect biodiversity (Monique van Oers) 1145 The potential for pathogen spillover from managed bees to wild bees (Helen Hesketh on behalf of Anja Amtoft-Wynns) 1150 Horizon scanning of invertebrate pathogens (Helen Hesketh on behalf of Regina Kleespies) 1155 Discussion
1200 Plants – subgroup overview: “Invasive plant pathogens: how to know the unknown” (Alberto
Santini)
1220 Sentinel trees as a novel method for identification of potential invaders (Andrea Vannini) 1225 NGS a useful tool for identifying alien pathogens: the case of migrating birds (Steve Woodward) 1230 Horizon scanning of potential invasive plants in Spain (Montse Vila) 1235 Discussion
1240 Lunch
1330 Wildlife diseases – subgroup overview: “IAS and wildlife diseases. On overview of the impact on
vertebrates” (Riccardo Scalera)
1350 Risk of Introduction of Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) (Jonathan Smith) 1355 The amphibian-killing fungus (Benedikt Schmidt) 1400 Asiatic nematode Ashworthius sidemi is nailing the European bison’s coffin in Poland (Wojtek Solarz) 1405 'Highly pathogenic' avian influenza viruses: an unpredictable threat to human, animal and ecosystem health (Katie Beckmann) 1420 Discussion
1437 Horizon scanning for invasive mosquitoes in Europe and links to mosquito-borne disease (Francis Schaffner) 1444 Horizon scanning for vector-borne livestock diseases in Scotland / UK (Paul Bessell) 1451 Talk Title TBC (Arjan Stroo) 1500 Discussion
1510 Coffee
1520 Breakout groups for each subgroup
1540 Group discussion – can we achieve consensus on unifying frameworks for “cross-cutting review of
pathogen life histories to enhance understanding of threats, methods and knowledge gaps within natural
and semi-natural systems“?
Document and prioritise:
Barriers to understanding
Factors in determining arrival, establishment and spread
Please list within excel spreadsheet.
1630 Core group meeting (COST Action core group members only)
1630 Option to continue group discussion in absence of core group!
1815 Close of Day 1
1900 Dinner - Old Post Office, Wallingford
Day 2: Pathogen life histories to enhance understanding of threats, methods and
knowledge gaps within natural and semi-natural systems (continued)
0845 Registration
Chair: Helen Roy
0900 Group discussion – can we achieve consensus on unifying frameworks for “cross-cutting review of
pathogen life histories to enhance understanding of threats, methods and knowledge gaps within natural
and semi-natural systems“?
Document and prioritise within subgroup:
Barriers to understanding
Factors in determining arrival, establishment and spread
Please list within excel spreadsheet.
0930 Consensus summary including plans for publication and associated actions
List of invasive alien pathogens that will impact on biodiversity in the EU or at
least identify “pathogens of concern”
1000 Introduction (Helen Roy)
1010 Breakout groups for each subgroup to discuss “list of invasive alien pathogens that will impact on
biodiversity in the EU or at least identify “pathogens of concern” and highlight knowledge gaps”
(Coffee available)
1130 Pathogens of concern - Terrestrial invertebrates – Jørgen Eilenberg and Helen Hesketh
1145 Pathogens of concern – Aquatic – Grant Stentiford
1200 Pathogens of concern - Plants – Alberto Santini
1215 Pathogens of concern - Wildlife diseases – Riccardo Scalera
1230 Pathogens of concern - Vectors of disease - Beth Purse
1245 Lunch
1345 Group discussion
1415 Consensus on “list of invasive alien pathogens that will impact on biodiversity in the EU or at least
identify “pathogens of concern” and highlight knowledge gaps”
I am a conservation ecologist at INBO, a Flemish government institution. At the Department of Management and Sustainable Use, research group on wildlife management, I am the focal point for invasive alien species (IAS) and coordinate IAS activities throughout the scientific community. I provide expertise and support to the government and the Agency for Nature and Forest with regards to invasive species management and biodiversity. My current invasion biology topics include control of invasive amphibians and exotic geese populations, invasive weeds and shrubs, ruddy duck eradication, aquatic invasive species, exotic insects used for biological control, invasive species recording through citizen science etc. I also perform and review risk assessments for selected invasive species. I was very active in the European-funded projects Invexo (www.invexo.eu) and RINSE (www.rinse-europe.eu) on invasive species management, research and policy. I am familiar with amphibian disease like Bd, Bt, Ranavirus. I have emerging knowledge on wildlife diseases and the role of IAS. I chair the Belgian Wildlife Disease symposium (www.bwds.be) since 2011 and am currently involved in a research proposal on risk assessment of emerging infectious diseases in Belgium including borreliosis and echinococcosis.
Dr Karolina Bacela-Spychalska
Ecologist / member of the Aquatic subgroup
Department of Invertebrate Zoology & Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Poland
information technology and botany. However, I have also published on plant gall causing organisms and am
studying non-native geese behaviour at the garden.
Over the past two years I have been working as work package leader for the pro-iBiosphere project. A major part
of this project was piloting methods for marking-up of legacy literature and investigating the use of legacy
literature as a source of biogeographic information. Also, as part of the EU BON project (www.eubon.eu), and in
collaboration with Pensoft, I have republishing the Flora of Northumberland and Durham, 1838, by N.J. Winch. This
is part of a larger project on biodiversity change in north-east England that I conduct in my free time. Much of his
research work has concentrated on biogeographic change and the methods to detect it, including a study on the
environmental drivers of plant migration. I am particularly interested in exploring novel methods for the analysis of
observational data such as kriging and other spatial statistics.
My bibliography can be seen on Impactstory https://impactstory.org/QuentinGroom/products/articles
Dr. Colin Harrower
Computational Ecologist Centre for Ecology & Hydrology [email protected] I am a member of the Biological Records Centre (BRC), part of the NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, which is the UK focus for terrestrial and freshwater species recording. My main role within BRC is provide analytical & database skills & support. In regards to non-native species I work with Helen Roy on the GB Non-Native Species Information Portal (GB-NNSIP) and Delivering Alien Invasive Species Inventories for Europe (DAISIE) database.
Dr. Helen Hesketh
Invertebrate Pathologist; Subgroup leader for Terrestrial InvertebratesCentre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford (UK)
My research interests are in the biological control of invertebrate pests and the ecology of insect pathogens, especially considering entomopathogenic viruses and fungi. I am particularly interested in how co-infections of pathogens (and other toxins) affect disease severity and transmission in insect populations and the implications this has both for sustainable pest control and as a regulating factor in populations of beneficial insects. I use mixed pathogen studies in model invertebrate host-pathogen systems to understand ecological mechanisms and predict infection in different mixed infection scenarios. Emergent parasites and pathogens are a major threat to biodiversity and much of my current work will focus on the effects of pathogens on pollinator health to improve our understanding of the ecological mechanisms that underpin the role that microbial pathogens play in wild pollinator dynamics. I am currently Chair elect in the Society for Invertebrate Pathology for the Division of Beneficial Invertebrates and was previously the Chair of the Fungus Division.
Insect pathologist; Attendee of the COST Action workshop in the group “Invertebrate pathogens”
Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Biological Control, Germany
[email protected] Broad interest on diagnosis, histo and cytopathology of arthropod diseases of all kind of pathogens (virus, bacteria, fungi, protists). Development of light and electron microscope techniques for studies of selected pathogens with regard to biological control of pest insects, especially invasive species. Working on prognosis of natural infection rates with different microbial disease agents and their effects on gradations of pest insects in agriculture and forestry. The diagnostic engagement is also focused on sanitary supervision of insect cultures, also particularly of beneficials, as a basis for the development of biological and integrated plant protection measures. Trustee during the last four years in the Society for Invertebrate Pathology, one of the founders of the Division of Beneficial Invertebrates, and previously Chair of the Microsporidia Division.
Dr Edmund Peeler
Epidemiologist / aquatic group member
Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK
I am the Aquatic Pests and Pathogens group at Cefas and provide advice on aquatic animal health to the UK government (Defra). The group includes the Fish Health Inspectorate which has responsibility for implementing aquatic animal health regulation (e.g control of listed diseases). My research has focused on the application of epidemiology and risk analysis to support the development of aquatic animal health policy. I have led risk assessment projects for exotic pathogen introduction into the UK to support the development of national biosecurity. My work has involved assessment of sanitary measures in the context of international trade agreements and aquatic animal health standards. In addition I have undertaken research into the processes and drivers for disease emergence in aquatic animals.
Dr Beth Purse
Disease ecologist: Subgroup leader for vector-borne diseases
My research focuses on landscape, forest and agro ecology as well as on biodiversity pattern and biodiversity conservation. More recently, I started to work about invasive alien species. I am experienced in literature review methodologies and meta-analyses, in ecological modelling techniques and large scale environmental and ecological datasets as well as in empirical field studies. I am currently leading an Austrian research project (Aliens_Health - Austrian Climate and Energy Fund ACRP: KR13AC6K11141) on alien species impacts on public health in Europe that includes a systematic review and the development of risk mitigation strategies. For this reason, I am very interested in alien human pathogens and their vector species, particularly, if these vector species are alien to Europe.
Dr. Benedikt Schmidt
Conservation biologist; Wildlife diseases
karch (Swiss Amphibian and Reptile Conservation Programme), Neuchâtel, and Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich (Switzerland)
I am a conservation biologist working for karch, the Swiss Amphibian and Reptile Conservation Programme. I am an independent research group leader at the Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies of the University of Zurich. The main goal of my research is to contribute to evidence-based conservation and to bridge the gap between science and practice. My main research interests are the spatial and temporal dynamics of amphibian populations and metapopulations and disease ecology.
My early career (both as a human being and a scientist) was totally devoted to ornithology. Alien species were then accidentally introduced into my life and turned out to be so invasive that they severely outcompeted birds, almost leading to their complete extinction from my scientific perspective. Birds managed to survive only thanks to hybridisation between biological invasions and ornithology, resulting in some of them being alien. I was involved in a number of national and international scientific projects related to biological invasions, including the Delivering Alien Invasive Species Inventories for Europe (DAISIE), Assessing LArge scale Risks for biodiversity with tested Methods (ALARM) and ParrotNet. I am particularly interested in putting science into practice. I was involved in development of national and international laws, strategies and codes of conduct on alien species and I am the manager of Alien Species in Poland portal. I am also a member of the State Council for Nature Conservation, where I am responsible for biological invasion issues. As a delegate of the Ministry of Environment, I am also involved in the alien species-related work of the European Commission, Convention on Biological Diversity, Bern Convention and International Plant Protection Convention.
Dr Grant D. Stentiford
Team Leader for Pathology and Molecular Systematics, Director of the European Union
Reference Laboratory for Crustacean Diseases
COST Action Aquatic theme leader
Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), United Kingdom