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OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network Sarah Kendall, ADAS
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OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Mar 20, 2020

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Page 1: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

OSR Yield Physiology amp Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network

Sarah Kendall ADAS

Outline

bull Yield Physiology

bull Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network

Components of yield

Yield = number of seeds x seed weight

2

3

4

5

6

7

50000 100000 150000

Seedsm2

Seed

wei

ght (

mg)

3 tha4 tha5 thaexisting crops

Components of yield

Chart2

3 tha
4 tha
5 tha
existing crops
Seedsm2
Seed weight (mg)
75
10
125
52
66666666667
88888888889
111111111111
54
6
8
10
55
54545454545
72727272727
90909090909
52
5
66666666667
83333333333
52
46153846154
61538461538
76923076923
52
42857142857
57142857143
71428571429
52
4
53333333333
66666666667
515
375
5
625
485
35294117647
47058823529
58823529412
47
33333333333
44444444444
55555555556
36
31578947368
42105263158
52631578947
465
3
4
5
46
28571428571
38095238095
47619047619
47
27272727273
36363636364
45454545455
49
26086956522
34782608696
4347826087
455
25
33333333333
41666666667
445
24
32
4
45
23076923077
30769230769
38461538462
49
22222222222
2962962963
37037037037
44
21428571429
28571428571
35714285714
43
20689655172
27586206897
34482758621
47
2
26666666667
33333333333
47
1935483871
25806451613
32258064516
495
1875
25
3125
46
18181818182
24242424242
30303030303
485
17647058824
23529411765
29411764706
43

seed size vs number

seed size vs number

3 tha
4 tha
5 tha
existing crops
Seedsm2
Seed weight (mg)

Yields

disease data

disease vs yield gap

disease vs yield gap

Combined incidence of phoma amp light leaf spot on stems ( Plants infected)
Yield difference between RL and farm (tha)

Seed number determination

Determined by photosynthesis during a 200-300oCd period after flowering (2-3 weeks)

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
121140316068
80690444005
12056512723
12550702514
166793898092
188615561777
129943018604
161964676099
86864076915
86698513312
167655028195
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529
7375
7972
6599
5505
5356
6657
5505
10547
11204
6111
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Combined Incidence Difference
Phoma amp Light leaf between farm
spot on stems and RL yields
( plants infected) (tha)
1989 62 075
1990 47 065
1991 30 06
1992 37 095
1993 79 12
1994 100 145
1995 96 145
1996 57 105
1997 45 105
1998 38 06
1999 62 09
2000 82 08
2001 82 13
2002 82 12
Incidence Incidence Incidence Incidence Severity of
total Phoma amp Light leaf Phoma Light leaf light leaf
disease Light leaf spot spot on stem spot (pod) spot on pods yield (tha) Yield yield
plants plants plants plants plants pod area UK farm average RL difference
infected infected infected infected infected infected
1987 34 38 04
1988 3 365 065
1989 88 62 57 5 20 03 295 37 075
1990 68 47 27 20 15 03 31 375 065
1991 50 30 16 10 5 02 29 35 06
1992 58 37 17 18 4 02 285 38 095
1993 118 79 19 60 13 09 26 38 12
1994 158 100 58 42 39 43 255 4 145
1995 119 96 54 42 19 08 275 42 145
1996 66 57 20 37 4 03 34 445 105
1997 92 45 19 26 15 05 325 43 105
1998 107 38 9 29 7 04 29 35 06
1999 119 62 20 42 7 07 33 42 09
2000 127 82 21 58 13 07 28 36 08
2001 98 82 27 55 10 03 26 39 13
2002 140 82 31 49 18 01 335 455 12
2003 134 91 19 70 12 05
yield (tha)
Non set-aside Set-aside
UK farm average
1980 267
1981 327
1982 26
1983 333
1984 345
1985 31
1986 325
1987 34
1988 3
1989 295
1990 31
1991 29
1992 285
1993 275 135
1994 265 22
1995 29 24
1996 35 29
1997 325 3
1998 3 27
1999 325 32
2000 29 275
2001 26 25
2002 35 295
2003 34 27
Seed Seed size Seed size Seed size Seed
number 3 tha 4 tha 5 tha number existing crops
40000 75 10 125 58000 52
45000 66666666667 88888888889 111111111111 60000 54
50000 6 8 10 62500 55
55000 54545454545 72727272727 90909090909 70000 52
60000 5 66666666667 83333333333 71000 52
65000 46153846154 61538461538 76923076923 72000 52
70000 42857142857 57142857143 71428571429 77000 52
75000 4 53333333333 66666666667 76000 515
80000 375 5 625 72500 485
85000 35294117647 47058823529 58823529412 77000 47
90000 33333333333 44444444444 55555555556 85000 36
95000 31578947368 42105263158 52631578947 88000 465
100000 3 4 5 89000 46
105000 28571428571 38095238095 47619047619 90000 47
110000 27272727273 36363636364 45454545455 90500 49
115000 26086956522 34782608696 4347826087 95000 455
120000 25 33333333333 41666666667 99000 445
125000 24 32 4 99500 45
130000 23076923077 30769230769 38461538462 101000 49
135000 22222222222 2962962963 37037037037 103000 44
140000 21428571429 28571428571 35714285714 104000 43
145000 20689655172 27586206897 34482758621 105000 47
150000 2 26666666667 33333333333 109000 47
155000 1935483871 25806451613 32258064516 109000 495
160000 1875 25 3125 112500 46
165000 18181818182 24242424242 30303030303 112500 485
170000 17647058824 23529411765 29411764706 120000 43
40000 40000 40000 58000
45000 45000 45000 60000
50000 50000 50000 62500
55000 55000 55000 70000
60000 60000 60000 71000
65000 65000 65000 72000
70000 70000 70000 77000
75000 75000 75000 76000
80000 80000 80000 72500
85000 85000 85000 77000
90000 90000 90000 85000
95000 95000 95000 88000
100000 100000 100000 89000
105000 105000 105000 90000
110000 110000 110000 90500
115000 115000 115000 95000
120000 120000 120000 99000
125000 125000 125000 99500
130000 130000 130000 101000
135000 135000 135000 103000
140000 140000 140000 104000
145000 145000 145000 105000
150000 150000 150000 109000
155000 155000 155000 109000
160000 160000 160000 112500
165000 165000 165000 112500
170000 170000 170000 120000
Page 2: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Outline

bull Yield Physiology

bull Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network

Components of yield

Yield = number of seeds x seed weight

2

3

4

5

6

7

50000 100000 150000

Seedsm2

Seed

wei

ght (

mg)

3 tha4 tha5 thaexisting crops

Components of yield

Chart2

3 tha
4 tha
5 tha
existing crops
Seedsm2
Seed weight (mg)
75
10
125
52
66666666667
88888888889
111111111111
54
6
8
10
55
54545454545
72727272727
90909090909
52
5
66666666667
83333333333
52
46153846154
61538461538
76923076923
52
42857142857
57142857143
71428571429
52
4
53333333333
66666666667
515
375
5
625
485
35294117647
47058823529
58823529412
47
33333333333
44444444444
55555555556
36
31578947368
42105263158
52631578947
465
3
4
5
46
28571428571
38095238095
47619047619
47
27272727273
36363636364
45454545455
49
26086956522
34782608696
4347826087
455
25
33333333333
41666666667
445
24
32
4
45
23076923077
30769230769
38461538462
49
22222222222
2962962963
37037037037
44
21428571429
28571428571
35714285714
43
20689655172
27586206897
34482758621
47
2
26666666667
33333333333
47
1935483871
25806451613
32258064516
495
1875
25
3125
46
18181818182
24242424242
30303030303
485
17647058824
23529411765
29411764706
43

seed size vs number

seed size vs number

3 tha
4 tha
5 tha
existing crops
Seedsm2
Seed weight (mg)

Yields

disease data

disease vs yield gap

disease vs yield gap

Combined incidence of phoma amp light leaf spot on stems ( Plants infected)
Yield difference between RL and farm (tha)

Seed number determination

Determined by photosynthesis during a 200-300oCd period after flowering (2-3 weeks)

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
121140316068
80690444005
12056512723
12550702514
166793898092
188615561777
129943018604
161964676099
86864076915
86698513312
167655028195
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529
7375
7972
6599
5505
5356
6657
5505
10547
11204
6111
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Combined Incidence Difference
Phoma amp Light leaf between farm
spot on stems and RL yields
( plants infected) (tha)
1989 62 075
1990 47 065
1991 30 06
1992 37 095
1993 79 12
1994 100 145
1995 96 145
1996 57 105
1997 45 105
1998 38 06
1999 62 09
2000 82 08
2001 82 13
2002 82 12
Incidence Incidence Incidence Incidence Severity of
total Phoma amp Light leaf Phoma Light leaf light leaf
disease Light leaf spot spot on stem spot (pod) spot on pods yield (tha) Yield yield
plants plants plants plants plants pod area UK farm average RL difference
infected infected infected infected infected infected
1987 34 38 04
1988 3 365 065
1989 88 62 57 5 20 03 295 37 075
1990 68 47 27 20 15 03 31 375 065
1991 50 30 16 10 5 02 29 35 06
1992 58 37 17 18 4 02 285 38 095
1993 118 79 19 60 13 09 26 38 12
1994 158 100 58 42 39 43 255 4 145
1995 119 96 54 42 19 08 275 42 145
1996 66 57 20 37 4 03 34 445 105
1997 92 45 19 26 15 05 325 43 105
1998 107 38 9 29 7 04 29 35 06
1999 119 62 20 42 7 07 33 42 09
2000 127 82 21 58 13 07 28 36 08
2001 98 82 27 55 10 03 26 39 13
2002 140 82 31 49 18 01 335 455 12
2003 134 91 19 70 12 05
yield (tha)
Non set-aside Set-aside
UK farm average
1980 267
1981 327
1982 26
1983 333
1984 345
1985 31
1986 325
1987 34
1988 3
1989 295
1990 31
1991 29
1992 285
1993 275 135
1994 265 22
1995 29 24
1996 35 29
1997 325 3
1998 3 27
1999 325 32
2000 29 275
2001 26 25
2002 35 295
2003 34 27
Seed Seed size Seed size Seed size Seed
number 3 tha 4 tha 5 tha number existing crops
40000 75 10 125 58000 52
45000 66666666667 88888888889 111111111111 60000 54
50000 6 8 10 62500 55
55000 54545454545 72727272727 90909090909 70000 52
60000 5 66666666667 83333333333 71000 52
65000 46153846154 61538461538 76923076923 72000 52
70000 42857142857 57142857143 71428571429 77000 52
75000 4 53333333333 66666666667 76000 515
80000 375 5 625 72500 485
85000 35294117647 47058823529 58823529412 77000 47
90000 33333333333 44444444444 55555555556 85000 36
95000 31578947368 42105263158 52631578947 88000 465
100000 3 4 5 89000 46
105000 28571428571 38095238095 47619047619 90000 47
110000 27272727273 36363636364 45454545455 90500 49
115000 26086956522 34782608696 4347826087 95000 455
120000 25 33333333333 41666666667 99000 445
125000 24 32 4 99500 45
130000 23076923077 30769230769 38461538462 101000 49
135000 22222222222 2962962963 37037037037 103000 44
140000 21428571429 28571428571 35714285714 104000 43
145000 20689655172 27586206897 34482758621 105000 47
150000 2 26666666667 33333333333 109000 47
155000 1935483871 25806451613 32258064516 109000 495
160000 1875 25 3125 112500 46
165000 18181818182 24242424242 30303030303 112500 485
170000 17647058824 23529411765 29411764706 120000 43
40000 40000 40000 58000
45000 45000 45000 60000
50000 50000 50000 62500
55000 55000 55000 70000
60000 60000 60000 71000
65000 65000 65000 72000
70000 70000 70000 77000
75000 75000 75000 76000
80000 80000 80000 72500
85000 85000 85000 77000
90000 90000 90000 85000
95000 95000 95000 88000
100000 100000 100000 89000
105000 105000 105000 90000
110000 110000 110000 90500
115000 115000 115000 95000
120000 120000 120000 99000
125000 125000 125000 99500
130000 130000 130000 101000
135000 135000 135000 103000
140000 140000 140000 104000
145000 145000 145000 105000
150000 150000 150000 109000
155000 155000 155000 109000
160000 160000 160000 112500
165000 165000 165000 112500
170000 170000 170000 120000
Page 3: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Components of yield

Yield = number of seeds x seed weight

2

3

4

5

6

7

50000 100000 150000

Seedsm2

Seed

wei

ght (

mg)

3 tha4 tha5 thaexisting crops

Components of yield

Chart2

3 tha
4 tha
5 tha
existing crops
Seedsm2
Seed weight (mg)
75
10
125
52
66666666667
88888888889
111111111111
54
6
8
10
55
54545454545
72727272727
90909090909
52
5
66666666667
83333333333
52
46153846154
61538461538
76923076923
52
42857142857
57142857143
71428571429
52
4
53333333333
66666666667
515
375
5
625
485
35294117647
47058823529
58823529412
47
33333333333
44444444444
55555555556
36
31578947368
42105263158
52631578947
465
3
4
5
46
28571428571
38095238095
47619047619
47
27272727273
36363636364
45454545455
49
26086956522
34782608696
4347826087
455
25
33333333333
41666666667
445
24
32
4
45
23076923077
30769230769
38461538462
49
22222222222
2962962963
37037037037
44
21428571429
28571428571
35714285714
43
20689655172
27586206897
34482758621
47
2
26666666667
33333333333
47
1935483871
25806451613
32258064516
495
1875
25
3125
46
18181818182
24242424242
30303030303
485
17647058824
23529411765
29411764706
43

seed size vs number

seed size vs number

3 tha
4 tha
5 tha
existing crops
Seedsm2
Seed weight (mg)

Yields

disease data

disease vs yield gap

disease vs yield gap

Combined incidence of phoma amp light leaf spot on stems ( Plants infected)
Yield difference between RL and farm (tha)

Seed number determination

Determined by photosynthesis during a 200-300oCd period after flowering (2-3 weeks)

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
121140316068
80690444005
12056512723
12550702514
166793898092
188615561777
129943018604
161964676099
86864076915
86698513312
167655028195
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529
7375
7972
6599
5505
5356
6657
5505
10547
11204
6111
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Combined Incidence Difference
Phoma amp Light leaf between farm
spot on stems and RL yields
( plants infected) (tha)
1989 62 075
1990 47 065
1991 30 06
1992 37 095
1993 79 12
1994 100 145
1995 96 145
1996 57 105
1997 45 105
1998 38 06
1999 62 09
2000 82 08
2001 82 13
2002 82 12
Incidence Incidence Incidence Incidence Severity of
total Phoma amp Light leaf Phoma Light leaf light leaf
disease Light leaf spot spot on stem spot (pod) spot on pods yield (tha) Yield yield
plants plants plants plants plants pod area UK farm average RL difference
infected infected infected infected infected infected
1987 34 38 04
1988 3 365 065
1989 88 62 57 5 20 03 295 37 075
1990 68 47 27 20 15 03 31 375 065
1991 50 30 16 10 5 02 29 35 06
1992 58 37 17 18 4 02 285 38 095
1993 118 79 19 60 13 09 26 38 12
1994 158 100 58 42 39 43 255 4 145
1995 119 96 54 42 19 08 275 42 145
1996 66 57 20 37 4 03 34 445 105
1997 92 45 19 26 15 05 325 43 105
1998 107 38 9 29 7 04 29 35 06
1999 119 62 20 42 7 07 33 42 09
2000 127 82 21 58 13 07 28 36 08
2001 98 82 27 55 10 03 26 39 13
2002 140 82 31 49 18 01 335 455 12
2003 134 91 19 70 12 05
yield (tha)
Non set-aside Set-aside
UK farm average
1980 267
1981 327
1982 26
1983 333
1984 345
1985 31
1986 325
1987 34
1988 3
1989 295
1990 31
1991 29
1992 285
1993 275 135
1994 265 22
1995 29 24
1996 35 29
1997 325 3
1998 3 27
1999 325 32
2000 29 275
2001 26 25
2002 35 295
2003 34 27
Seed Seed size Seed size Seed size Seed
number 3 tha 4 tha 5 tha number existing crops
40000 75 10 125 58000 52
45000 66666666667 88888888889 111111111111 60000 54
50000 6 8 10 62500 55
55000 54545454545 72727272727 90909090909 70000 52
60000 5 66666666667 83333333333 71000 52
65000 46153846154 61538461538 76923076923 72000 52
70000 42857142857 57142857143 71428571429 77000 52
75000 4 53333333333 66666666667 76000 515
80000 375 5 625 72500 485
85000 35294117647 47058823529 58823529412 77000 47
90000 33333333333 44444444444 55555555556 85000 36
95000 31578947368 42105263158 52631578947 88000 465
100000 3 4 5 89000 46
105000 28571428571 38095238095 47619047619 90000 47
110000 27272727273 36363636364 45454545455 90500 49
115000 26086956522 34782608696 4347826087 95000 455
120000 25 33333333333 41666666667 99000 445
125000 24 32 4 99500 45
130000 23076923077 30769230769 38461538462 101000 49
135000 22222222222 2962962963 37037037037 103000 44
140000 21428571429 28571428571 35714285714 104000 43
145000 20689655172 27586206897 34482758621 105000 47
150000 2 26666666667 33333333333 109000 47
155000 1935483871 25806451613 32258064516 109000 495
160000 1875 25 3125 112500 46
165000 18181818182 24242424242 30303030303 112500 485
170000 17647058824 23529411765 29411764706 120000 43
40000 40000 40000 58000
45000 45000 45000 60000
50000 50000 50000 62500
55000 55000 55000 70000
60000 60000 60000 71000
65000 65000 65000 72000
70000 70000 70000 77000
75000 75000 75000 76000
80000 80000 80000 72500
85000 85000 85000 77000
90000 90000 90000 85000
95000 95000 95000 88000
100000 100000 100000 89000
105000 105000 105000 90000
110000 110000 110000 90500
115000 115000 115000 95000
120000 120000 120000 99000
125000 125000 125000 99500
130000 130000 130000 101000
135000 135000 135000 103000
140000 140000 140000 104000
145000 145000 145000 105000
150000 150000 150000 109000
155000 155000 155000 109000
160000 160000 160000 112500
165000 165000 165000 112500
170000 170000 170000 120000
Page 4: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

2

3

4

5

6

7

50000 100000 150000

Seedsm2

Seed

wei

ght (

mg)

3 tha4 tha5 thaexisting crops

Components of yield

Chart2

3 tha
4 tha
5 tha
existing crops
Seedsm2
Seed weight (mg)
75
10
125
52
66666666667
88888888889
111111111111
54
6
8
10
55
54545454545
72727272727
90909090909
52
5
66666666667
83333333333
52
46153846154
61538461538
76923076923
52
42857142857
57142857143
71428571429
52
4
53333333333
66666666667
515
375
5
625
485
35294117647
47058823529
58823529412
47
33333333333
44444444444
55555555556
36
31578947368
42105263158
52631578947
465
3
4
5
46
28571428571
38095238095
47619047619
47
27272727273
36363636364
45454545455
49
26086956522
34782608696
4347826087
455
25
33333333333
41666666667
445
24
32
4
45
23076923077
30769230769
38461538462
49
22222222222
2962962963
37037037037
44
21428571429
28571428571
35714285714
43
20689655172
27586206897
34482758621
47
2
26666666667
33333333333
47
1935483871
25806451613
32258064516
495
1875
25
3125
46
18181818182
24242424242
30303030303
485
17647058824
23529411765
29411764706
43

seed size vs number

seed size vs number

3 tha
4 tha
5 tha
existing crops
Seedsm2
Seed weight (mg)

Yields

disease data

disease vs yield gap

disease vs yield gap

Combined incidence of phoma amp light leaf spot on stems ( Plants infected)
Yield difference between RL and farm (tha)

Seed number determination

Determined by photosynthesis during a 200-300oCd period after flowering (2-3 weeks)

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
121140316068
80690444005
12056512723
12550702514
166793898092
188615561777
129943018604
161964676099
86864076915
86698513312
167655028195
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529
7375
7972
6599
5505
5356
6657
5505
10547
11204
6111
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Combined Incidence Difference
Phoma amp Light leaf between farm
spot on stems and RL yields
( plants infected) (tha)
1989 62 075
1990 47 065
1991 30 06
1992 37 095
1993 79 12
1994 100 145
1995 96 145
1996 57 105
1997 45 105
1998 38 06
1999 62 09
2000 82 08
2001 82 13
2002 82 12
Incidence Incidence Incidence Incidence Severity of
total Phoma amp Light leaf Phoma Light leaf light leaf
disease Light leaf spot spot on stem spot (pod) spot on pods yield (tha) Yield yield
plants plants plants plants plants pod area UK farm average RL difference
infected infected infected infected infected infected
1987 34 38 04
1988 3 365 065
1989 88 62 57 5 20 03 295 37 075
1990 68 47 27 20 15 03 31 375 065
1991 50 30 16 10 5 02 29 35 06
1992 58 37 17 18 4 02 285 38 095
1993 118 79 19 60 13 09 26 38 12
1994 158 100 58 42 39 43 255 4 145
1995 119 96 54 42 19 08 275 42 145
1996 66 57 20 37 4 03 34 445 105
1997 92 45 19 26 15 05 325 43 105
1998 107 38 9 29 7 04 29 35 06
1999 119 62 20 42 7 07 33 42 09
2000 127 82 21 58 13 07 28 36 08
2001 98 82 27 55 10 03 26 39 13
2002 140 82 31 49 18 01 335 455 12
2003 134 91 19 70 12 05
yield (tha)
Non set-aside Set-aside
UK farm average
1980 267
1981 327
1982 26
1983 333
1984 345
1985 31
1986 325
1987 34
1988 3
1989 295
1990 31
1991 29
1992 285
1993 275 135
1994 265 22
1995 29 24
1996 35 29
1997 325 3
1998 3 27
1999 325 32
2000 29 275
2001 26 25
2002 35 295
2003 34 27
Seed Seed size Seed size Seed size Seed
number 3 tha 4 tha 5 tha number existing crops
40000 75 10 125 58000 52
45000 66666666667 88888888889 111111111111 60000 54
50000 6 8 10 62500 55
55000 54545454545 72727272727 90909090909 70000 52
60000 5 66666666667 83333333333 71000 52
65000 46153846154 61538461538 76923076923 72000 52
70000 42857142857 57142857143 71428571429 77000 52
75000 4 53333333333 66666666667 76000 515
80000 375 5 625 72500 485
85000 35294117647 47058823529 58823529412 77000 47
90000 33333333333 44444444444 55555555556 85000 36
95000 31578947368 42105263158 52631578947 88000 465
100000 3 4 5 89000 46
105000 28571428571 38095238095 47619047619 90000 47
110000 27272727273 36363636364 45454545455 90500 49
115000 26086956522 34782608696 4347826087 95000 455
120000 25 33333333333 41666666667 99000 445
125000 24 32 4 99500 45
130000 23076923077 30769230769 38461538462 101000 49
135000 22222222222 2962962963 37037037037 103000 44
140000 21428571429 28571428571 35714285714 104000 43
145000 20689655172 27586206897 34482758621 105000 47
150000 2 26666666667 33333333333 109000 47
155000 1935483871 25806451613 32258064516 109000 495
160000 1875 25 3125 112500 46
165000 18181818182 24242424242 30303030303 112500 485
170000 17647058824 23529411765 29411764706 120000 43
40000 40000 40000 58000
45000 45000 45000 60000
50000 50000 50000 62500
55000 55000 55000 70000
60000 60000 60000 71000
65000 65000 65000 72000
70000 70000 70000 77000
75000 75000 75000 76000
80000 80000 80000 72500
85000 85000 85000 77000
90000 90000 90000 85000
95000 95000 95000 88000
100000 100000 100000 89000
105000 105000 105000 90000
110000 110000 110000 90500
115000 115000 115000 95000
120000 120000 120000 99000
125000 125000 125000 99500
130000 130000 130000 101000
135000 135000 135000 103000
140000 140000 140000 104000
145000 145000 145000 105000
150000 150000 150000 109000
155000 155000 155000 109000
160000 160000 160000 112500
165000 165000 165000 112500
170000 170000 170000 120000
Page 5: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Chart2

3 tha
4 tha
5 tha
existing crops
Seedsm2
Seed weight (mg)
75
10
125
52
66666666667
88888888889
111111111111
54
6
8
10
55
54545454545
72727272727
90909090909
52
5
66666666667
83333333333
52
46153846154
61538461538
76923076923
52
42857142857
57142857143
71428571429
52
4
53333333333
66666666667
515
375
5
625
485
35294117647
47058823529
58823529412
47
33333333333
44444444444
55555555556
36
31578947368
42105263158
52631578947
465
3
4
5
46
28571428571
38095238095
47619047619
47
27272727273
36363636364
45454545455
49
26086956522
34782608696
4347826087
455
25
33333333333
41666666667
445
24
32
4
45
23076923077
30769230769
38461538462
49
22222222222
2962962963
37037037037
44
21428571429
28571428571
35714285714
43
20689655172
27586206897
34482758621
47
2
26666666667
33333333333
47
1935483871
25806451613
32258064516
495
1875
25
3125
46
18181818182
24242424242
30303030303
485
17647058824
23529411765
29411764706
43

seed size vs number

seed size vs number

3 tha
4 tha
5 tha
existing crops
Seedsm2
Seed weight (mg)

Yields

disease data

disease vs yield gap

disease vs yield gap

Combined incidence of phoma amp light leaf spot on stems ( Plants infected)
Yield difference between RL and farm (tha)

Seed number determination

Determined by photosynthesis during a 200-300oCd period after flowering (2-3 weeks)

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
121140316068
80690444005
12056512723
12550702514
166793898092
188615561777
129943018604
161964676099
86864076915
86698513312
167655028195
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529
7375
7972
6599
5505
5356
6657
5505
10547
11204
6111
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Combined Incidence Difference
Phoma amp Light leaf between farm
spot on stems and RL yields
( plants infected) (tha)
1989 62 075
1990 47 065
1991 30 06
1992 37 095
1993 79 12
1994 100 145
1995 96 145
1996 57 105
1997 45 105
1998 38 06
1999 62 09
2000 82 08
2001 82 13
2002 82 12
Incidence Incidence Incidence Incidence Severity of
total Phoma amp Light leaf Phoma Light leaf light leaf
disease Light leaf spot spot on stem spot (pod) spot on pods yield (tha) Yield yield
plants plants plants plants plants pod area UK farm average RL difference
infected infected infected infected infected infected
1987 34 38 04
1988 3 365 065
1989 88 62 57 5 20 03 295 37 075
1990 68 47 27 20 15 03 31 375 065
1991 50 30 16 10 5 02 29 35 06
1992 58 37 17 18 4 02 285 38 095
1993 118 79 19 60 13 09 26 38 12
1994 158 100 58 42 39 43 255 4 145
1995 119 96 54 42 19 08 275 42 145
1996 66 57 20 37 4 03 34 445 105
1997 92 45 19 26 15 05 325 43 105
1998 107 38 9 29 7 04 29 35 06
1999 119 62 20 42 7 07 33 42 09
2000 127 82 21 58 13 07 28 36 08
2001 98 82 27 55 10 03 26 39 13
2002 140 82 31 49 18 01 335 455 12
2003 134 91 19 70 12 05
yield (tha)
Non set-aside Set-aside
UK farm average
1980 267
1981 327
1982 26
1983 333
1984 345
1985 31
1986 325
1987 34
1988 3
1989 295
1990 31
1991 29
1992 285
1993 275 135
1994 265 22
1995 29 24
1996 35 29
1997 325 3
1998 3 27
1999 325 32
2000 29 275
2001 26 25
2002 35 295
2003 34 27
Seed Seed size Seed size Seed size Seed
number 3 tha 4 tha 5 tha number existing crops
40000 75 10 125 58000 52
45000 66666666667 88888888889 111111111111 60000 54
50000 6 8 10 62500 55
55000 54545454545 72727272727 90909090909 70000 52
60000 5 66666666667 83333333333 71000 52
65000 46153846154 61538461538 76923076923 72000 52
70000 42857142857 57142857143 71428571429 77000 52
75000 4 53333333333 66666666667 76000 515
80000 375 5 625 72500 485
85000 35294117647 47058823529 58823529412 77000 47
90000 33333333333 44444444444 55555555556 85000 36
95000 31578947368 42105263158 52631578947 88000 465
100000 3 4 5 89000 46
105000 28571428571 38095238095 47619047619 90000 47
110000 27272727273 36363636364 45454545455 90500 49
115000 26086956522 34782608696 4347826087 95000 455
120000 25 33333333333 41666666667 99000 445
125000 24 32 4 99500 45
130000 23076923077 30769230769 38461538462 101000 49
135000 22222222222 2962962963 37037037037 103000 44
140000 21428571429 28571428571 35714285714 104000 43
145000 20689655172 27586206897 34482758621 105000 47
150000 2 26666666667 33333333333 109000 47
155000 1935483871 25806451613 32258064516 109000 495
160000 1875 25 3125 112500 46
165000 18181818182 24242424242 30303030303 112500 485
170000 17647058824 23529411765 29411764706 120000 43
40000 40000 40000 58000
45000 45000 45000 60000
50000 50000 50000 62500
55000 55000 55000 70000
60000 60000 60000 71000
65000 65000 65000 72000
70000 70000 70000 77000
75000 75000 75000 76000
80000 80000 80000 72500
85000 85000 85000 77000
90000 90000 90000 85000
95000 95000 95000 88000
100000 100000 100000 89000
105000 105000 105000 90000
110000 110000 110000 90500
115000 115000 115000 95000
120000 120000 120000 99000
125000 125000 125000 99500
130000 130000 130000 101000
135000 135000 135000 103000
140000 140000 140000 104000
145000 145000 145000 105000
150000 150000 150000 109000
155000 155000 155000 109000
160000 160000 160000 112500
165000 165000 165000 112500
170000 170000 170000 120000
Page 6: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

seed size vs number

seed size vs number

3 tha
4 tha
5 tha
existing crops
Seedsm2
Seed weight (mg)

Yields

disease data

disease vs yield gap

disease vs yield gap

Combined incidence of phoma amp light leaf spot on stems ( Plants infected)
Yield difference between RL and farm (tha)

Seed number determination

Determined by photosynthesis during a 200-300oCd period after flowering (2-3 weeks)

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
121140316068
80690444005
12056512723
12550702514
166793898092
188615561777
129943018604
161964676099
86864076915
86698513312
167655028195
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529
7375
7972
6599
5505
5356
6657
5505
10547
11204
6111
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Combined Incidence Difference
Phoma amp Light leaf between farm
spot on stems and RL yields
( plants infected) (tha)
1989 62 075
1990 47 065
1991 30 06
1992 37 095
1993 79 12
1994 100 145
1995 96 145
1996 57 105
1997 45 105
1998 38 06
1999 62 09
2000 82 08
2001 82 13
2002 82 12
Incidence Incidence Incidence Incidence Severity of
total Phoma amp Light leaf Phoma Light leaf light leaf
disease Light leaf spot spot on stem spot (pod) spot on pods yield (tha) Yield yield
plants plants plants plants plants pod area UK farm average RL difference
infected infected infected infected infected infected
1987 34 38 04
1988 3 365 065
1989 88 62 57 5 20 03 295 37 075
1990 68 47 27 20 15 03 31 375 065
1991 50 30 16 10 5 02 29 35 06
1992 58 37 17 18 4 02 285 38 095
1993 118 79 19 60 13 09 26 38 12
1994 158 100 58 42 39 43 255 4 145
1995 119 96 54 42 19 08 275 42 145
1996 66 57 20 37 4 03 34 445 105
1997 92 45 19 26 15 05 325 43 105
1998 107 38 9 29 7 04 29 35 06
1999 119 62 20 42 7 07 33 42 09
2000 127 82 21 58 13 07 28 36 08
2001 98 82 27 55 10 03 26 39 13
2002 140 82 31 49 18 01 335 455 12
2003 134 91 19 70 12 05
yield (tha)
Non set-aside Set-aside
UK farm average
1980 267
1981 327
1982 26
1983 333
1984 345
1985 31
1986 325
1987 34
1988 3
1989 295
1990 31
1991 29
1992 285
1993 275 135
1994 265 22
1995 29 24
1996 35 29
1997 325 3
1998 3 27
1999 325 32
2000 29 275
2001 26 25
2002 35 295
2003 34 27
Seed Seed size Seed size Seed size Seed
number 3 tha 4 tha 5 tha number existing crops
40000 75 10 125 58000 52
45000 66666666667 88888888889 111111111111 60000 54
50000 6 8 10 62500 55
55000 54545454545 72727272727 90909090909 70000 52
60000 5 66666666667 83333333333 71000 52
65000 46153846154 61538461538 76923076923 72000 52
70000 42857142857 57142857143 71428571429 77000 52
75000 4 53333333333 66666666667 76000 515
80000 375 5 625 72500 485
85000 35294117647 47058823529 58823529412 77000 47
90000 33333333333 44444444444 55555555556 85000 36
95000 31578947368 42105263158 52631578947 88000 465
100000 3 4 5 89000 46
105000 28571428571 38095238095 47619047619 90000 47
110000 27272727273 36363636364 45454545455 90500 49
115000 26086956522 34782608696 4347826087 95000 455
120000 25 33333333333 41666666667 99000 445
125000 24 32 4 99500 45
130000 23076923077 30769230769 38461538462 101000 49
135000 22222222222 2962962963 37037037037 103000 44
140000 21428571429 28571428571 35714285714 104000 43
145000 20689655172 27586206897 34482758621 105000 47
150000 2 26666666667 33333333333 109000 47
155000 1935483871 25806451613 32258064516 109000 495
160000 1875 25 3125 112500 46
165000 18181818182 24242424242 30303030303 112500 485
170000 17647058824 23529411765 29411764706 120000 43
Page 7: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

seed size vs number

3 tha
4 tha
5 tha
existing crops
Seedsm2
Seed weight (mg)

Yields

disease data

disease vs yield gap

disease vs yield gap

Combined incidence of phoma amp light leaf spot on stems ( Plants infected)
Yield difference between RL and farm (tha)

Seed number determination

Determined by photosynthesis during a 200-300oCd period after flowering (2-3 weeks)

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
121140316068
80690444005
12056512723
12550702514
166793898092
188615561777
129943018604
161964676099
86864076915
86698513312
167655028195
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529
7375
7972
6599
5505
5356
6657
5505
10547
11204
6111
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Combined Incidence Difference
Phoma amp Light leaf between farm
spot on stems and RL yields
( plants infected) (tha)
1989 62 075
1990 47 065
1991 30 06
1992 37 095
1993 79 12
1994 100 145
1995 96 145
1996 57 105
1997 45 105
1998 38 06
1999 62 09
2000 82 08
2001 82 13
2002 82 12
Incidence Incidence Incidence Incidence Severity of
total Phoma amp Light leaf Phoma Light leaf light leaf
disease Light leaf spot spot on stem spot (pod) spot on pods yield (tha) Yield yield
plants plants plants plants plants pod area UK farm average RL difference
infected infected infected infected infected infected
1987 34 38 04
1988 3 365 065
1989 88 62 57 5 20 03 295 37 075
1990 68 47 27 20 15 03 31 375 065
1991 50 30 16 10 5 02 29 35 06
1992 58 37 17 18 4 02 285 38 095
1993 118 79 19 60 13 09 26 38 12
1994 158 100 58 42 39 43 255 4 145
1995 119 96 54 42 19 08 275 42 145
1996 66 57 20 37 4 03 34 445 105
1997 92 45 19 26 15 05 325 43 105
1998 107 38 9 29 7 04 29 35 06
1999 119 62 20 42 7 07 33 42 09
2000 127 82 21 58 13 07 28 36 08
2001 98 82 27 55 10 03 26 39 13
2002 140 82 31 49 18 01 335 455 12
2003 134 91 19 70 12 05
yield (tha)
Non set-aside Set-aside
UK farm average
1980 267
1981 327
1982 26
1983 333
1984 345
1985 31
1986 325
1987 34
1988 3
1989 295
1990 31
1991 29
1992 285
1993 275 135
1994 265 22
1995 29 24
1996 35 29
1997 325 3
1998 3 27
1999 325 32
2000 29 275
2001 26 25
2002 35 295
2003 34 27
Page 8: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Yields

disease data

disease vs yield gap

disease vs yield gap

Combined incidence of phoma amp light leaf spot on stems ( Plants infected)
Yield difference between RL and farm (tha)

Seed number determination

Determined by photosynthesis during a 200-300oCd period after flowering (2-3 weeks)

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
121140316068
80690444005
12056512723
12550702514
166793898092
188615561777
129943018604
161964676099
86864076915
86698513312
167655028195
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529
7375
7972
6599
5505
5356
6657
5505
10547
11204
6111
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Combined Incidence Difference
Phoma amp Light leaf between farm
spot on stems and RL yields
( plants infected) (tha)
1989 62 075
1990 47 065
1991 30 06
1992 37 095
1993 79 12
1994 100 145
1995 96 145
1996 57 105
1997 45 105
1998 38 06
1999 62 09
2000 82 08
2001 82 13
2002 82 12
Incidence Incidence Incidence Incidence Severity of
total Phoma amp Light leaf Phoma Light leaf light leaf
disease Light leaf spot spot on stem spot (pod) spot on pods yield (tha) Yield yield
plants plants plants plants plants pod area UK farm average RL difference
infected infected infected infected infected infected
1987 34 38 04
1988 3 365 065
1989 88 62 57 5 20 03 295 37 075
1990 68 47 27 20 15 03 31 375 065
1991 50 30 16 10 5 02 29 35 06
1992 58 37 17 18 4 02 285 38 095
1993 118 79 19 60 13 09 26 38 12
1994 158 100 58 42 39 43 255 4 145
1995 119 96 54 42 19 08 275 42 145
1996 66 57 20 37 4 03 34 445 105
1997 92 45 19 26 15 05 325 43 105
1998 107 38 9 29 7 04 29 35 06
1999 119 62 20 42 7 07 33 42 09
2000 127 82 21 58 13 07 28 36 08
2001 98 82 27 55 10 03 26 39 13
2002 140 82 31 49 18 01 335 455 12
2003 134 91 19 70 12 05
yield (tha)
Non set-aside Set-aside
UK farm average
1980 267
1981 327
1982 26
1983 333
1984 345
1985 31
1986 325
1987 34
1988 3
1989 295
1990 31
1991 29
1992 285
1993 275 135
1994 265 22
1995 29 24
1996 35 29
1997 325 3
1998 3 27
1999 325 32
2000 29 275
2001 26 25
2002 35 295
2003 34 27
Page 9: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

disease data

disease vs yield gap

disease vs yield gap

Combined incidence of phoma amp light leaf spot on stems ( Plants infected)
Yield difference between RL and farm (tha)

Seed number determination

Determined by photosynthesis during a 200-300oCd period after flowering (2-3 weeks)

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
121140316068
80690444005
12056512723
12550702514
166793898092
188615561777
129943018604
161964676099
86864076915
86698513312
167655028195
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529
7375
7972
6599
5505
5356
6657
5505
10547
11204
6111
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Combined Incidence Difference
Phoma amp Light leaf between farm
spot on stems and RL yields
( plants infected) (tha)
1989 62 075
1990 47 065
1991 30 06
1992 37 095
1993 79 12
1994 100 145
1995 96 145
1996 57 105
1997 45 105
1998 38 06
1999 62 09
2000 82 08
2001 82 13
2002 82 12
Incidence Incidence Incidence Incidence Severity of
total Phoma amp Light leaf Phoma Light leaf light leaf
disease Light leaf spot spot on stem spot (pod) spot on pods yield (tha) Yield yield
plants plants plants plants plants pod area UK farm average RL difference
infected infected infected infected infected infected
1987 34 38 04
1988 3 365 065
1989 88 62 57 5 20 03 295 37 075
1990 68 47 27 20 15 03 31 375 065
1991 50 30 16 10 5 02 29 35 06
1992 58 37 17 18 4 02 285 38 095
1993 118 79 19 60 13 09 26 38 12
1994 158 100 58 42 39 43 255 4 145
1995 119 96 54 42 19 08 275 42 145
1996 66 57 20 37 4 03 34 445 105
1997 92 45 19 26 15 05 325 43 105
1998 107 38 9 29 7 04 29 35 06
1999 119 62 20 42 7 07 33 42 09
2000 127 82 21 58 13 07 28 36 08
2001 98 82 27 55 10 03 26 39 13
2002 140 82 31 49 18 01 335 455 12
2003 134 91 19 70 12 05
Page 10: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

disease vs yield gap

disease vs yield gap

Combined incidence of phoma amp light leaf spot on stems ( Plants infected)
Yield difference between RL and farm (tha)

Seed number determination

Determined by photosynthesis during a 200-300oCd period after flowering (2-3 weeks)

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
121140316068
80690444005
12056512723
12550702514
166793898092
188615561777
129943018604
161964676099
86864076915
86698513312
167655028195
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529
7375
7972
6599
5505
5356
6657
5505
10547
11204
6111
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Combined Incidence Difference
Phoma amp Light leaf between farm
spot on stems and RL yields
( plants infected) (tha)
1989 62 075
1990 47 065
1991 30 06
1992 37 095
1993 79 12
1994 100 145
1995 96 145
1996 57 105
1997 45 105
1998 38 06
1999 62 09
2000 82 08
2001 82 13
2002 82 12
Page 11: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

disease vs yield gap

Combined incidence of phoma amp light leaf spot on stems ( Plants infected)
Yield difference between RL and farm (tha)

Seed number determination

Determined by photosynthesis during a 200-300oCd period after flowering (2-3 weeks)

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
121140316068
80690444005
12056512723
12550702514
166793898092
188615561777
129943018604
161964676099
86864076915
86698513312
167655028195
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529
7375
7972
6599
5505
5356
6657
5505
10547
11204
6111
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Page 12: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Seed number determination

Determined by photosynthesis during a 200-300oCd period after flowering (2-3 weeks)

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
121140316068
80690444005
12056512723
12550702514
166793898092
188615561777
129943018604
161964676099
86864076915
86698513312
167655028195
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529
7375
7972
6599
5505
5356
6657
5505
10547
11204
6111
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Page 13: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
121140316068
80690444005
12056512723
12550702514
166793898092
188615561777
129943018604
161964676099
86864076915
86698513312
167655028195
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529
7375
7972
6599
5505
5356
6657
5505
10547
11204
6111
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Page 14: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
121140316068
80690444005
12056512723
12550702514
166793898092
188615561777
129943018604
161964676099
86864076915
86698513312
167655028195
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529
7375
7972
6599
5505
5356
6657
5505
10547
11204
6111
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Page 15: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
Page 16: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Page 17: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Page 18: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Page 19: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Page 20: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Page 21: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Page 22: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Page 23: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Pod amp seed numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5000 10000 15000

podsm2

See

ds p

er p

od

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

seed

sm

2

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Page 24: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Chart1

podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2
121140316068
596402111664707
80690444005
734282263751093
12056512723
827377029738211
12550702514
887169686856699
166793898092
920423737115381
188615561777
931608276092648
129943018604
923899672294016
161964676099
899672894435165
86864076915
86077138973539
86698513312
808667830028621
167655028195
744565893457152
95932270475
112443141326
129791674551
8665043257
102216084803
128366806373
105089432947
108703084902
117515812316
94489344151
102260437408
88472736412
88895305791
77628806921
225810869911
260035684675
248892845647
171954009589
171607533571
238043651789
155137155349
132702771249
14949160397
143710292347
118394144871
245202610917
11889824562
96856914589
137496264269
14082264918
91767144229
100219546105
27178384223
88292305675
116407557994

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
7529 2000
7375 3000
7972 4000
6599 5000
5505 6000
5356 7000
6657 8000
5505 9000
10547 10000
11204 11000
6111 12000
9145
9148
7295
10337
9183
8061
8893
9839
7622
9869
9339
10309
10283
11591
3867
2839
3418
6315
6292
4304
6670
8676
7387
5322
7030
2502
6811
7812
5741
5678
8223
7203
2784
7597
7027
Page 25: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

HGCA data

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Year Site ID Plot Nos Dates Pre-flower growth analysis Mid flower growth analysis End flower + 4 (pre-harvest seed seed seeds
weight number per pod
Leaf GAI Stem GAI Tot GAI Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods Flowers Buds Abscised Potential pot at midF Leaf GAI Stem GAI Pod GAI Tot GAI Pods pods at mid flower potential Yield
1996 RM E120 1 5 pre-f 16-May 34 164 504 359 184 049 593 2224 4007 3520 4356 14288 155655095185 001 189 2 39 7529 52694568869 446 489 912065439672802 121140316068
2 11 mid-f 30-May 346 201 547 319 175 023 517 1915 3434 2859 3465 11675 164025695931 021 201 199 421 7375 631691648822 291 489 595092024539877 80690444005
3 23 pre-h 11-Jul 347 167 514 392 205 047 645 2036 3496 3394 3678 12604 161536020311 001 189 19 381 7972 632497619803 47 489 961145194274029 12056512723
4 30 349 164 514 396 23 037 664 3155 3921 3681 4066 14824 212830545062 002 153 179 334 6599 445156502968 405 489 828220858895706 12550702514
1996 RM L60 1 2 pre-f 16-May 257 096 353 321 175 018 514 3984 1340 2031 2497 9852 404384896468 002 137 292 292 5505 558769792935 449 489 918200408997955 166793898092
2 13 mid-f 23-May 335 122 458 205 139 011 355 3290 2727 2570 2497 11084 296824251173 001 139 285 285 5356 483219054493 494 489 101022494887526 188615561777
3 17 pre-h 11-Jul 342 109 451 322 152 021 495 4619 1805 2601 2773 11800 391440677966 009 17 383 383 6657 564152542373 423 489 865030674846626 129943018604
4 28 442 134 576 237 131 012 38 2932 2484 2698 2914 11029 265844591531 003 128 28 28 5505 499138634509 436 489 891615541922291 161964676099
1997 RM E120 1 8 pre-f 17-Apr 355 106 461 323 123 022 468 5361 2352 1471 0 9184 583732578397 043 179 205 427 10547 1148410278746 448 495 916155419222904 86864076915
2 10 mid-f 8-May 364 113 477 346 1699 031 5469 8123 3404 1834 0 13361 607963475788 019 143 193 355 11204 838559988025 475 495 971370143149284 86698513312
3 22 pre-h 3-Jul 343 091 434 403 188 025 616 7935 3114 1700 0 12749 622401757001 049 146 112 307 6111 479331712291 501 495 102453987730061 167655028195
4 30 339 123 462 377 185 032 594 8064 4660 2275 0 14999 537635842389 045 165 173 383 9145 609707313821 429 495 877300613496933 95932270475
1997 RM L120 1 2 pre-f 29-Apr 37 093 463 454 157 016 627 4441 2118 3213 0 9772 454461727384 071 147 232 45 9148 936144085141 503 451 102862985685072 112443141326
2 16 mid-f 14-May 394 089 483 378 185 029 592 6813 2442 3307 0 12562 542349944276 061 131 172 364 7295 580719630632 463 451 946830265848671 129791674551
3 17 pre-h 19-Jun 279 069 348 397 188 025 61 7283 2313 3226 0 12822 568008111059 035 196 213 444 10337 806192481672 438 451 895705521472393 8665043257
4 27 18 042 222 454 161 015 63 3751 2333 3721 0 9805 382559918409 079 138 219 436 9183 936562978072 459 451 938650306748466 102216084803
1996 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 6-May 347 079 426 286 202 087 575 9812 2733 1506 6126 20177 48629627794 095 107 154 356 8061 399514298459 506 458 103476482617587 128366806373
2 16 mid-f 5-Jun 375 095 47 226 143 07 439 6892 2149 855 4380 14276 482768282432 0822 119 16 3612 8893 622933594844 457 431 934560327198364 105089432947
3 32 pre-h 25-Jun 302 086 388 245 159 103 507 8734 1563 510 5745 16552 52767037216 098 111 18 389 9839 594429676172 523 429 106952965235174 108703084902
1996 SB 100N 1 13 pre-f 6-May 366 091 457 3 203 066 569 9237 3361 1496 6586 20680 44666344294 144 115 14 399 7622 368568665377 438 467 895705521472393 117515812316
2 26 mid-f 5-Jun 307 069 376 296 189 064 549 8844 2675 1004 6150 18673 473625020082 126 138 178 442 9869 528517110266 456 452 932515337423313 94489344151
3 39 pre-h 2-Jul 348 073 421 305 183 104 592 9395 1852 446 5165 16858 557302171076 125 106 163 394 9339 553980306086 467 442 955010224948875 102260437408
1996 SB 200N 1 2 pre-f 6-May 425 085 51 333 2 061 594 8087 3227 1478 4720 17512 461797624486 19 163 127 48 10309 588682046597 446 445 912065439672802 88472736412
2 27 mid-f 5-Jun 318 045 363 319 198 063 58 9201 2678 1528 6199 19606 469295113741 138 138 187 463 10283 524482301336 447 484 914110429447853 88895305791
3 31 pre-h 2-Jul 376 091 467 304 254 089 647 10033 1704 377 4842 16956 591707949988 153 138 215 506 11591 683592828497 44 454 899795501022495 77628806921
1997 SB 0N 1 11 pre-f 20-May 114 109 223 043 139 239 421 8757 0 0 6812 15569 562463870512 0 076 109 185 3867 248378187424 427 465 87321063394683 225810869911
2 22 mid-f 03 095 125 013 091 149 253 6029 0 0 3932 9961 605260516012 0 083 083 166 2839 285011545026 361 465 738241308793456 260035684675
3 44 pre-h 14-Jul 056 078 134 009 101 176 286 4754 0 0 4408 9162 5188823401 0017 116 116 2337 3418 373062650076 416 465 850715746421268 248892845647
1997 SB 100N 1 9 pre-f 20-May 188 206 394 094 199 316 609 11759 0 0 7094 18853 623720362807 0 178 6315 334959953323 531 462 108588957055215 171954009589
2 20 mid-f 13 109 239 102 158 252 512 10279 0 0 5958 16237 633060294389 0 142 212 354 6292 387510008006 528 462 107975460122699 171607533571
3 49 pre-h 14-Jul 163 168 331 022 18 193 395 6915 0 0 4429 11344 609573342736 0 136 096 232 4304 379407616361 501 462 102453987730061 238043651789
1997 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 20-May 231 17 401 115 153 282 55 11759 0 0 4504 16263 723052327369 0048 158 212 3748 6670 410133431716 506 493 103476482617587 155137155349
2 24 mid-f 298 194 492 135 191 487 813 13132 0 0 7939 21071 62322623511 0 114 264 378 8676 411750747473 563 493 115132924335378 132702771249
3 41 pre-h 14-Jul 256 195 451 095 185 303 583 9604 0 0 8643 18247 526333095851 0 16 216 376 7387 404833671288 54 493 110429447852761 14949160397
1998 SB 0N 1 9 pre-f 6-May 09 122 212 007 054 263 324 6451 0 155 048 203 5322 374 509 764826175869121 143710292347
2 17 mid-f 1-Jun 15 117 267 04 1 444 584 10587 001 127 127 255 7030 407 511 832310838445808 118394144871
3 42 pre-h 05 122 172 004 056 277 337 7536 0 025 067 092 2502 3 511 613496932515337 245202610917
1998 SB 100N 1 5 pre-f 6-May 156 136 292 03 076 333 439 7585 0003 127 149 2763 6811 396 514 809815950920246 11889824562
2 27 mid-f 1-Jun 193 177 37 032 077 339 448 11782 0006 148 134 2826 7812 37 495 756646216768916 96856914589
3 35 pre-h 154 245 399 025 074 362 461 10330 0008 141 062 2038 5741 386 527 789366053169734 137496264269
1998 SB 200N 1 10 pre-f 6-May 169 115 284 013 066 348 427 8328 0 075 131 206 5678 391 515 79959100204499 14082264918
2 19 mid-f 1-Jun 344 261 605 033 075 343 451 11100 0 181 153 334 8223 369 513 754601226993865 91767144229
3 39 pre-h 168 202 37 046 093 382 521 8057 01 142 117 269 7203 353 549 721881390593047 100219546105
1998 SB 300N 1 3 pre-f 6-May 239 151 39 045 09 388 523 10264 006 167 17 343 2784 37 526 756646216768916 27178384223
2 20 mid-f 1-Jun 243 229 472 029 082 383 494 7977 003 155 122 28 7597 328 536 670756646216769 88292305675
3 30 pre-h 29 252 542 02 07 33 42 7263 002 143 134 279 7027 4 543 81799591002045 116407557994
03682727273 13779069767 17265909091 33433488372 489
relative P
Page 26: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

HGCA data

GAI at mid flower
Pod numbers

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Page 27: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

pod no x seedspod

GAI at pre-flowering
podsm2
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Page 28: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS
GAI pre flowering
Yield
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Page 29: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Year Site ID Plot Nos seeds seed
per pod number
Pods pod number seedspod seedsm2
1996 RM E120 1 7529 121140316068 912065439672802 1000 390 38956
2 7375 80690444005 595092024539877 2000 298 59640 2000 596402111664707
3 7972 12056512723 961145194274029 3000 245 73428 3000 734282263751093
4 6599 12550702514 828220858895706 4000 207 82738 4000 827377029738211
1996 RM L60 1 5505 166793898092 918200408997955 5000 177 88717 5000 887169686856699
2 5356 188615561777 101022494887526 6000 153 92042 6000 920423737115381
3 6657 129943018604 865030674846626 7000 133 93161 7000 931608276092648
4 5505 161964676099 891615541922291 8000 115 92390 8000 923899672294016
1997 RM E120 1 10547 86864076915 916155419222904 9000 100 89967 9000 899672894435165
2 11204 86698513312 971370143149284 10000 86 86077 10000 86077138973539
3 6111 167655028195 102453987730061 11000 74 80867 11000 808667830028621
4 9145 95932270475 877300613496933 12000 62 74457 12000 744565893457152
1997 RM L120 1 9148 112443141326 102862985685072 13000 51 66947 13000
2 7295 129791674551 946830265848671 14000 42 58422 14000
3 10337 8665043257 895705521472393 15000 33 48955 15000
4 9183 102216084803 938650306748466
1996 SB 0N 1 8061 128366806373 103476482617587
2 8893 105089432947 934560327198364
3 9839 108703084902 106952965235174
1996 SB 100N 1 7622 117515812316 895705521472393
2 9869 94489344151 932515337423313
3 9339 102260437408 955010224948875
1996 SB 200N 1 10309 88472736412 912065439672802
2 10283 88895305791 914110429447853
3 11591 77628806921 899795501022495
1997 SB 0N 1 3867 225810869911 87321063394683
2 2839 260035684675 738241308793456
3 3418 248892845647 850715746421268
1997 SB 100N 1 6315 171954009589 108588957055215
2 6292 171607533571 107975460122699
3 4304 238043651789 102453987730061
1997 SB 300N 1 6670 155137155349 103476482617587
2 8676 132702771249 115132924335378
3 7387 14949160397 110429447852761
1998 SB 0N 1 5322 143710292347 764826175869121
2 7030 118394144871 832310838445808
3 2502 245202610917 613496932515337
1998 SB 100N 1 6811 11889824562 809815950920246
2 7812 96856914589 756646216768916
3 5741 137496264269 789366053169734
1998 SB 200N 1 5678 14082264918 79959100204499
2 8223 91767144229 754601226993865
3 7203 100219546105 721881390593047
1998 SB 300N 1 2784 27178384223 756646216768916
2 7597 88292305675 670756646216769
3 7027 116407557994 81799591002045
Page 30: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Page 31: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Page 32: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS
podsm2
Seeds per pod
seedsm2

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Page 33: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Effects of canopy size on yield

Optimumcanopy

Largecanopy

Canopy size (GAI) 3 5Podsm2 6800 8400Seedspod 14 108Seedsm2 95200 90720Thousand seed weight (g) 48 48Seed yield (tha) 48 44Final crop weight (tha) 145 155Harvest index 30 26

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Optimum canopy

Large canopy

Canopy size (GAI)

3

5

Podsm2

6800

8400

Seedspod

14

108

Seedsm2

95200

90720

Thousand seed weight (g)

48

48

Seed yield (tha)

48

44

Final crop weight (tha)

145

155

Harvest index

30

26
Page 34: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Determination of seed size

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Page 35: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Seed Filling

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15-Mar 14-Apr 14-May 13-Jun 13-Jul

Biom

ass

(tha

)

seedpod wallstemLeaf

mid-flowering

Seed number

Seed size

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Page 36: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Page 37: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Page 38: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Page 39: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Page 40: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Sheet2

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Page 41: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Sheet3

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Page 42: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Duration of seed filling

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

15 17 19 21 23 25

Mean temperature (oC)

Day

s of

see

d fil

ling

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Page 43: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Chart1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling
662037037037
60593220339
55859375
518115942029
483108108108
45253164557
425595238095
401685393258
380319148936
361111111111
34375

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Page 44: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Sheet1

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Page 45: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Sheet1

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Page 46: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Sheet2

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Page 47: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Sheet3

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Page 48: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Photosynthesis

0

02

04

06

08

1

Leaf Pod Stem

Phot

osyn

thet

ic ra

te

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Page 49: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Chart2

Photosynthetic rate
1
059
033

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Leaf
Pod
Stem
Page 50: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

duration of seed fill

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Mean temperature duration of grain filling
15 662037037037
16 60593220339
17 55859375
18 518115942029
19 483108108108
20 45253164557
21 425595238095
22 401685393258
23 380319148936
24 361111111111
25 34375
26 327981651376
Page 51: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

duration of seed fill

duration of grain filling
Mean temperature (oC)
Days of seed filling

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Page 52: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

photosynthesis

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Leaf 1
Pod 059
Stem 033
Page 53: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

photosynthesis

Photosynthetic rate

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 54: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Sheet3

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 55: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Dense canopies

bull Fewer leaves

bull Poor light penetration

to leaves amp lower pods

bull Increased lodging

bull Less seed filling

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 56: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 57: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Survey of OSR rooting (RLD)

wwwadasuk White et al 2014

bull 40 crops bull 2004 ndash 2013bull Av rooting inadequate

below 40 cm

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 58: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Oil amp protein contents

bull Protein formed earlybull Oil formed late

bull (increases from 15 to 45 during 2nd half of seed filling)

bull Oil content reduced by high temperature disease frost

bull Oil contains twice as much energy as starch or protein

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 59: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Oilseed YEN

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 60: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Aimsbull To identify arable innovators

and bull Support their innovating

1 Activities 2 Competition hellip open absolute amp of potential yield for field amp plot

3 Analysis hellip understand yield drivers amp constraints

4 Networking hellip idea sharing conference

Ultimately hellip bull Platform for industry-science interaction hellip amp synergies

bull Accelerate yield improvement

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 61: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

lsquoTechnology Gaprsquo =

new systems to increase capture +or conversion of

resources

Bio-physical potential

OSRYieldsin UKtonnes per hectare

Bridging the Technology Gap

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 62: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Solar Energy Water

TJ ha

tonnes TJ

mm

tha100mm

Resources

x Capture

x Conversion

Understand yield formation

Yield =

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 63: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

bull OSR yield formation is quite well understood (Berry amp Spink 2006)

bull Yield is sink limited bull must maximise number of seeds set

bull Optimum canopy size at floweringbull Prolonged canopy survival to increase oil

bull Few stem reserves translocated to seed

bull Ultimately maximising capture amp conversion of primary resources (light amp water) is critical

bull Some phases of growth more important than others

Understand yield formation

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 64: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Estimate Potential Yields Wheat 2015

thabull Develop a simple but plausible model of yield and oil content

bull Use model to estimate potential yieldsbull Seed yield oil content gross output

bull Previous ADAS papers have estimated bull Potential seed yield with current technology

65 thabull Ultimate yield potential for UK of 9 tha

bull Current record OSR yield 65 ndash 7 thabull Quantify how yield potential affected by

bull Location Season Soil typebull Improve model as understanding increases

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 65: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Yield Competition

bull Quantify maximum yields possible with current technology

bull Break world recordsbull Identify what crop traits and husbandry

treatments associated with high yieldsbull Identify yield limiting factorsbull Calculate return on investment of high

yielding cropsbull Competitions for

bull Best overall gross outputbull Best of potential gross output

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 66: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Yield Competition ndash Information collected

bull Soil descriptionbull Weather data (Morecs or local station)bull Photos for plant establishment and early light

capturebull Hopefully also satellite images

bull Key developmental datesbull Stem extension flowering senescence

bull Whole crop sample ~2 weeks pre harvestbull Total biomass harvest index nutrient

uptakebull Seed sample off combine

bull oil protein seed size bull Husbandry details

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 67: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Yield Competition ndash Calculations

bull Potential yield for entrantrsquos field

bull Description of the entered crop bull Yield componentsbull Oilproteinbull Total biomass Harvest indexbull Nutrient uptake

bull Most likely factors constraining yieldbull Eg light capture or water capture

bull Gross marginbull Using standard figures

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 68: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Yield Competition ndash Analysis

bull The OSR YEN dataset will have great valuebull Which will increase each yearbull Data base will need careful management

bull Identify the most common factors constraining yields in the UKbull Enabling research to be correctly focussed

bull Identify husbandry practices associated with high yields

bull Identify which plant traits must be improved

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 69: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Summary

bull Canopy management important for maximising yield ndash optimal pod number and maximum seed number

bull Oilseed YEN initiated to identify innovators and increase understanding of yield drivers

bull Estimate potential yields and understand yield limitations

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29
Page 70: OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network · OSR Yield Physiology & Oilseed Yield Enhancement Network . Sarah Kendall, ADAS

Thank yousarahkendalladascouk

  • Bildnummer 1
  • Outline
  • Components of yield
  • Components of yield
  • Seed number determination
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Pod amp seed numbers
  • Effects of canopy size on yield
  • Determination of seed size
  • Seed Filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Duration of seed filling
  • Photosynthesis
  • Dense canopies
  • Bildnummer 15
  • Bildnummer 16
  • Oil amp protein contents
  • Bildnummer 18
  • Bildnummer 19
  • Bridging the Technology Gap
  • Yield =
  • Understand yield formation
  • Estimate Potential Yields
  • Yield Competition
  • Yield Competition ndash Information collected
  • Yield Competition ndash Calculations
  • Yield Competition ndash Analysis
  • Summary
  • Bildnummer 29

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