A Secure Cooperative Approach for Nonline-of-Sight Location Verification in VANET Osama Abumansoor and Azzedine Boukerche Department of Information Technology and Engineering, University of Ottawa IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, TVT 2012 Wireless & Mobile Network Laboratory (WMNL.) Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Tamkang Uni
Osama Abumansoor and Azzedine Boukerche Department of Information Technology and Engineering, University of Ottawa IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,
Dec 29, 2015
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A Secure Cooperative Approach for
Nonline-of-Sight Location Verification
in VANET
Osama Abumansoor and Azzedine BoukercheDepartment of Information Technology and Engineering, University of Ottawa
IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, TVT 2012
Wireless & Mobile Network Laboratory (WMNL.) Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Tamkang University
Page: 2WMNL
Outline
Introduction
Multi-Hop Location Verification Protocol (MHLVP)
Performance Evaluation
Conclusion
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• Vehicular networks (VANETs) are experiencing rapid growth and evolution under the increasing demand of vehicular traffic management, driving safety, and comfort of drivers.
Introduction
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Introduction
• Many of these applications require knowledge of neighboring vehicles’ location specifications.
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Introduction
• Improving and maintaining drivers’ neighborhood awareness are important in VANETs.
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Introduction
• NLOS and false location can compromise and disturb the applications’ functionality and may increase the chances of road accidents.
V (Acture)V’(Announced)Obstacle
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Introduction
• NLOS and false location can compromise and disturb the applications’ functionality and may increase the chances of road accidents.
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Goal
• Proposes a novel location verification protocol among cooperative neighboring vehicles for VANETs
– Verifies a vehicle’s announced location.
– Overcome an NLOS condition.
– Increase the vehicles’ rate of neighborhood awareness
– Providing reliable position information for upper level applications.
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Multi-Hop Location Verification Protocol
(MHLVP)
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Network Assumption
• Each vehicle is equipped with
– GPS
– Communication device
– Capability for measuring the RSS
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MHLVP Protocol - Basic Idea
Location Verification
NLOS Condition False location
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MHLVP Protocol - Basic Idea
Location Verification
NLOS Condition False location
A
B
(XA,YA)
(Acture)
dAB(RSS)dAB(Coordinate)
B’ (XB,YB)(Announced)
dAB(RSS)dAB(Coordinate)
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dAB(RSS)dAB(Coordinate) dAB(RSS)dAB(Coordinate)
C(XC,YC)
MHLVP Protocol - Basic Idea
Location Verification
NLOS Condition False location
A
B
(XA,YA)
(Acture)
dAB(RSS)dAB(Coordinate)
B’ (XB,YB)(Announced)
Obstacle
A (XA,YA)
B (XB,YB)dBC(RSS)
dAC(RSS)
θ
dAB(RSS)
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MHLVP Protocol
A(XA,YA)
B(XB,YB)
C(XC,YC)
D(XD,YD)
Neighbor Table
ID Locaion Mobility Vector Time Stamp
A’s Neighbor Table
B (XB,YB) MB TB
C (XC,YC) MC TC
D (XD,YD) MD TD
B’s Neighbor Table
A (XA,YA) MA TA
C (XC,YC) MC TC
D (XD,YD) MD TD
C’s Neighbor Table
A (XA,YA) MA TA
B (XB,YB) MB TB
D (XD,YD) MD TD
D’s Neighbor Table
A (XA,YA) MA TA
B (XB,YB) MB TB
C (XC,YC) MC TC
Maintain the neighbors’ information
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MHLVP Protocol
A(XA,YA)
B(XB,YB)
C(XC,YC)
D(XD,YD)
Neighbor Table
ID Locaion Mobility Vector Time Stamp
A’s Neighbor Table
B (XB,YB) MB TB
C (XC,YC) MC TC
D (XD,YD) MD TD
B’s Neighbor Table
A (XA,YA) MA TA
C (XC,YC) MC TC
D (XD,YD) MD TD
C’s Neighbor Table
A (XA,YA) MA TA
B (XB,YB) MB TB
D (XD,YD) MD TD
D’s Neighbor Table
A (XA,YA) MA TA
B (XB,YB) MB TB
C (XC,YC) MC TC
Location Verification
dAB(RSS)
dAB(Coordinate)
dAD(RSS)dAD(Coordinate)
22ADAD YYXX
YESUpdate the information
NODiscard the information
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MHLVP Protocol
A(XA,YA)
D(XD,YD)
A’s Neighbor Table
B (XB,YB) MB TB
C (XC,YC) MC TC
D (XD,YD) MD TD
Overcome NLOS condition
A’s Neighbor Table
B (XB,YB) MB TB
C (XC,YC) MC TC
D (XD,YD) MD TD！
Request for verification
！！
B(XB,YB)
C(XC,YC)
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C(XC,YC)
B(XB,YB)
MHLVP Protocol
A(XA,YA)
D(XD,YD)
Overcome NLOS condition
YES Reply Request
NO Forward RequestDirect LOS with D
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MHLVP Protocol
A(XA,YA)
D(XD,YD)
C(XC,YC)
dBD(RSS)
Overcome NLOS condition
{dBD(RSS), D(XD,YD)}
B(XB,YB)
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MHLVP Protocol
A(XA,YA)
D(XD,YD)
B(XB,YB)
dBD(RSS)
Overcome NLOS condition
dAB(RSS)
C(XC,YC)
θ
)(arcos BDBA
cos222BDABBDABAD ddddd
dAD(RSS)
dAD(RSS)dAD(Coordinate)
YESUpdate the information
NOIgnore and delete the record
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C(XC,YC)
B(XB,YB)
MHLVP Protocol
A(XA,YA)
D(XD,YD)
Overcome NLOS condition
YES Reply Request
NO Forward RequestDirect LOS with D
Request for verification
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C(XC,YC)
B(XB,YB)
MHLVP Protocol
A(XA,YA)
D(XD,YD)
Overcome NLOS condition
Request for verification ！
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C(XC,YC)
B(XB,YB)
MHLVP Protocol
A(XA,YA)
D(XD,YD)
Overcome NLOS condition
{dCD(RSS), D(XD
,YD)}
Direct LOS with D
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C(XC,YC)
B(XB,YB)
MHLVP Protocol
A(XA,YA)
D(XD,YD)
Overcome NLOS condition
dBD(RSS)
θBCD
dCD(RSS)
dBC(RSS)
dBD(RSS)dBD(Coordinate)
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C(XC,YC)
B(XB,YB)
MHLVP Protocol
A(XA,YA)
D(XD,YD)
Overcome NLOS condition
dBD(RSS)
{dBD(RSS), D(XD,YD)}
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C(XC,YC)
B(XB,YB)
MHLVP Protocol
A(XA,YA)
D(XD,YD)
Overcome NLOS condition
dBD(RSS)
θABD
dAB(RSS)
dAD(RSS)
dAD(RSS)dAD(Coordinate)
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Performance Evaluation
Simulation ParametersSimulator ns-2 ver 2.34
Simulation Time 15~30 minutes
Number of Vehicles 100~1000
Simulation Area 20 km (Highway 417 in Ottawa)
Communication Range 300 m
Radio Propagation Two-ray ground
Antenna Type Omni antenna
MAC Layer 802.11p
Beacon Frequency 1 Hz
Max Hop 4
Data Rate 6 Mbps
Packet Payload 152 Byte
Speed Limits 0~100 km/h
Obstacle Length 10~15 m
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Performance EvaluationObstacle Model
LOS (Line-of-Sight) NLOS (None-Line-of-Sight)
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Performance EvaluationNeighborhood Awareness and Location Verification
200 Vehicles with 25% obstacle Different vehicle densities with 25% obstacle
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Performance EvaluationChannel Capacity Utilization
6 Mb/s、 packet size 152Bytes、 with 25% obstacle
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Performance Evaluation
Message Delivery Success Rate
Obstacle
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Conclusion
• This paper proposes a novel location verification protocol among cooperative neighboring vehicles for VANETs
– Verifies a vehicle’s announced location.
– Overcome an NLOS condition.
– Increase the vehicles’ rate of neighborhood awareness
– Improve the message delivery success rate
– Providing reliable position information for upper level applications.
Page: 32WMNL
Thanks~~~Thanks~~~Thanks~~~
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