Os ppt full content

Real-time

• A real-time operating system is a multi tasking operating system that aims at

executing real-time applications.

• The main objective of real-time operating systems is their quick and response

to events. They have an event-driven or time-sharing design and often aspects

of both.

• An event-driven system switches between tasks based on their importance or

external events while time-sharing operating systems switch tasks based on

clock interrupts.

• Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system

and may also include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time,

mass storage, printing, and other resources.

Multi-user – A multi-user operating system allows multiple users to access a computer

system at the same time.

– Time-sharing systems and Internet servers can be classified as multi-user

systems as they enable multiple-user access to a computer through the

sharing of time.

– Single-user operating systems have only one user but may allow multiple

programs to run at the same time.

Distributed • A distributed operating system manages a group of independent

computers and makes them appear to be a single computer.

• The development of networked computers that could be linked and

communicate with each other gave rise to distributed computing.

• Distributed computations are carried out on more than one machine.

When computers in a group work in cooperation, they make a

distributed system.

Embedded

• Embedded operating systems are designed to be used in embedded

computer systems.

• They are designed to operate on small machines like PDAs with less

autonomy.

• They are able to operate with a limited number of resources. They are

very compact and extremely efficient by design.

• Windows CE and Minix 3 are some examples of embedded operating

systems.

• Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface-based operating systems developed by Apple Inc.

• Apple operating system was released on 1984.

• It was developed for the Macintosh line of computer systems.

• The Macintosh, specifically its system software, is credited with having popularized the early graphical user interface concept

• All of Apple’s designs are quite simple and unique.

Development

• Mac os is an operating system, based on Unix’s the NeXTSTEP operating system and the XNU kernel.

• OS X is based upon the Mach kernel. Certain parts from FreeBSD's and NetBSD'simplementation of Unix were incorporated in NeXTSTEP, the core of Mac OS X.

• NeXTSTEP was the graphical, object-oriented, and UNIX-based operating system developed by Steve Jobs' company NeXT after he left Apple in 1985. While Jobs was away from Apple.

• The project was first known as Rhapsody and was later renamed to Mac OS X.

• Mac os was referred to as the "System".

• Referred to by its major version starting with "System 6 and "System 7“.

• Apple rebranded version 7.6 as "Mac OS" as part of their Macintosh clone program in 1996

• Macintosh operating systems have been released in two major series.

• Up to major version 9, from 1984 to 2000, it is historically known as Classic Mac OS.

• Major version 10, from 2001 to present, is branded OS X(originally referred to as Mac OS X)

Mac OS X version information

Version Codename Date announced Release date Most recent version

Rhapsody Developer Release

Grail1Z4 / Titan1U August 31, 1997 DR2 (May 14, 1998)

Mac OS X Server 1.0 Hera March 16, 1999 1.2v3 (October 27, 2000)

Mac OS X Developer Preview

May 11, 1998 March 16, 1999 DP4 (April 5, 2000)

Public Beta Kodiak September 13, 2000

Mac OS X 10.0 Cheetah March 24, 2001 10.0.4 (June 22, 2001)

Mac OS X 10.1 Puma July 18, 2001 September 25, 2001 10.1.5 (June 6, 2002)

Mac OS X 10.2 Jaguar May 6, 2002 August 24, 2002 10.2.8 (October 3, 2003)

Mac OS X 10.3 Panther June 23, 2003[ October 24, 2003 10.3.9 (April 15, 2005)

Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger May 4, 2004 April 29, 200510.4.11 (November 14, 2007)

Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard June 26, 2006 October 26, 2007 10.5.8 (August 5, 2009)

Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard June 9, 2008 August 28, 200910.6.8 v1.1 (July 25, 2011)

Mac OS X 10.7 Lion October 20, 2010 July 20, 201110.7.5 (September 19, 2012)

OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion February 16, 2012 July 25, 201210.8.5 (12F45) (October 3, 2013)

OS X 10.9 Mavericks June 10, 2013 October 22, 201310.9.5 (13F34) (September 18, 2014)

OS X 10.10 Yosemite June 2, 2014 October 16, 201410.10.1 (14B25) (November 17, 2014)

•Mac OS X v10.5 "Leopard" was released on October 26, 2007. It was called by Apple "the largest update of Mac OS X".

•It brought more than 300 new features. Leopard supports both PowerPC- and Intel x86-based Macintosh computers.

•New features include a new look, an updated Finder, Time Machine, Spaces, Boot Camp pre-installed

•OS X v10.8 "Mountain Lion" was released on July 25, 2012. It incorporates some features seen in iOS 5, which

include Game Center, support for iMessage in the new Messages messaging application, and Reminders as a to-

do list app separate from•It also includes support for storing iWork documents

in iCloud. Notification Center iCal (which is renamed as Calendar, like the iOS app).

•OS X 10.9 "Mavericks" was released on October 22, 2013. This is a free upgrade to all users running OS X Snow

Leopard or later. Its changes include the addition of the previously iOS-only Maps and iBook's applications,

improvements to the Notification Center, enhancements to several applications, and many under-the-hood

improvements

•OS X 10.10 "Yosemite" was released on October 16, 2014. Apple's showcase new feature in Yosemite is Handoff,

which lets users with iPhones running iOS 8.1 or later to answer phone calls, receive and send SMS messages, and

complete unfinished iPhone emails on their Mac.

YOSEMITE

• Microsoft Windows or Windows is a superfamily of graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft. It consists of several families of operating systems, each of which cater to a certain sector of the computing industry.

MICROSOFT WINDOWS

• Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs).

• Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal computer market with over 90% market share, overtaking Mac OS, which had been introduced in 1984. However, it is outsold by Android on smartphones and tablets

NameRelease

date

Releaseversionnumber

Editions

Windows 10 TBA NT 10.0[1] •TBA

Windows 8.1 18 October 2013 NT 6.3•Windows 8.1•Windows 8.1 Pro•Windows 8.1 Enterprise

Windows 8 26 October 2012 NT 6.2

•Windows 8•Windows 8 Pro•Windows 8 EnterpriseSee Windows 8 editions

•Windows 7 Home Basic

In this section, a client version of Windows is a version that can be purchased and installed on personal computers

• MS-DOS is a non-graphical command line operating system derived from 86-DOS that was created for IBM compatible computers.

• MS-DOS originally written by Tim Paterson and introduced by Microsoft in August 1981 and was last updated in 1994 when MS-DOS 6.22 was released.

• Today, MS-DOS is no longer used; however, the command shell, more commonly known as the Windows command line is still used by many users.

WINDOWS XP

• Windows XP is a personal computer operating system produced by Microsoft as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems. The operating system was released to manufacturing on August 24, 2001

• WINDOWSXP was a major advance from the MS-DOS based versions of Windows in security, stability and efficiencygenerally released for retail sale on Windows XP eventually proved to be popular and widely used

• . It is estimated that at least 400 million copies of Windows XP were sold globally within its first five years of availabilityOctober 25, 2001

• Windows XP remained popular even after the release of newer versions, particularly due to the poorly received release of its successor Windows Vista. Vista's 2009 successor, Windows 7, only overtook XP

• Windows 7 is a personal computer operating system developed by Microsoft,ntotal market share at the end of 2011.

WINDOWS 7

WINDOWS 8

• Windows 8 introduced major changes to the operating system's platform and user interface to improve its user experience on tablets, where Windows was now competing with mobile operating systems, including Android and iOS.

• In particular, these changes included a touch-optimized Windows shell based on Microsoft's "Metro" design language, the Start screen

WINDOWS 8

• . Windows 8 added support for USB

3.0, Advanced Format hard

drives, near field communications,

and cloud computing. Additional

security features were introduced,

such as built-in antivirus software,

integration with Microsoft

SmartScreen phishing

filtering service and support forUEFI

Secure Boot on supported devices

with UEFI firmware, to

prevent malware from infecting the boot process.

• WindoWS 8.1 is a version of the Windows NT operating system and an upgrade for Windows8

• Windows 8.1 cannot be acquired via Windows Update and only accepts 8.1-specific product keys.

WINDOWS 8.1

• Start faster

• Search everywhere

• Multitask with apps

• Browse better

Comparison based on

Supporters Opinions

Cost

Crashes/Vulnerabilities

Software Compatibility

Introduction

Several users of Windows-based PCs simply use them because they are most familiar with them. Several users of Macs are strong supporters of the operating system because they feel the graphics are far superior to that of Windows. I weighed the pros and cons of both operating systems and hope to give future computer buyers an idea of which will best fit their needs.

Supporters

PC Supporters

PC Supporters prefer PCs because they find they are cheaper than Macs.

Supporters of PCs also prefer them simply because they are more familiar with them than Macs. PCs are more likely to be found in the office place, library, or school than Macs are.

Mac Supporters

Supporters of Macs prefer them because they prefer the design of Macs over that of the PC. Macs also have better graphics for playing video games, creating computer art, etc.

Mac supporters also prefer Macs over PCs because they are less prone to viruses. Hackers are more drawn towards PCs because they make up most of the computer market.

CostCost

Comparing what you get for what you pay

MACPrice $999.99

RAM 2GB

Hardrive space 250GB

Display 13.3”

Weight 4.7 lbs

PCPrice $999.99

RAM 6GB

Hardrive Space 500GB

Display 16.4”

Weight 6.9 lbs

With the PC you get more memory for the same price as a Mac. But with the Mac you get better graphics, sound, and video capabilities.

Vulnerabilities between Macs and PCs

Both Macs and PCs crash (also known as a kernel panic).

•Crashes occur because of Migration Assistant programs insensitivity, directory failures, peripheral driver problems, widgets poorly written for Mac OS, data corruption, and RAM or Motherboard issues.

•As of 2009 Mac OS X had 18% of reported problems unfixed.

Macs are known to crash less often than PCs but for a greater variety of

reasons.

•About 95% of Windows system (most common OS for PCs) are caused by buggy software which is almost always from third-party vendors. The other 5% are due to hardware malfunctions. Power supplies and overheating are also PC crash causes.

•As of 2009 Microsoft Windows XP Pro only had 3% of reported problems unfixed.

PCs crash more frequently but have less

unpatched vulnerabilities which can show they are

quicker to resolve OS problems.

Software Compatibility

Mac platforms have fewer software applications available as compared to Windows based PC software. In fact, one of the best-selling software programs for Macs is a Microsoft Office program, a popular PC software suite. Currently, there are only 24 software programs that have been identified that are not compatible with Windows Vista based PCs.

The Winner is…..If you want a computer that is affordable, is compatible with most application software out there, and has a familiar feel to it from working on your computers at work and school, then go with a Windows-based PC

If you’re a big fan of being able to run and play games on your computer or you want a computer with a trendy design that feels familiar to the design of an ipod or iphone, then a Mac may be for you.

•Unix is a multi-tasking, multi-user Operating System which was

developed by Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson in the AT&T Bell

Laboratories.

•It provides a set of simple tools that performs limited, well defined

functions with a unified file system as the main means of

communication.

•It is mainly based on the C language developed by Dennis Ritchie.

•It also has a shell scripting feature and a command language to help

perform complex functions.

•A shell is a command line interpreter for Unix’s command language.

•The Linux Kernel or Linux as it is commonly called, is a UNIX based OS which is a free

and open-source OS.

•It was developed in October 10, 1991 by Linus Torvalds primarily for his personal

use.

•When Linux came to the limelight it began to rapidly spread among computer

enthusiasts mainly because it is an open-source and free OS.

•It easily provides complete control over the hardware, therefore the hardware can

be easily used up to it’s complete potential.

•Also it provided a GUI so it became relatively easy for both the common people and

the computer enthusiasts and they preferred it to Windows and MacOS because it

was free of cost.

•Debian is actually not a single OS. It is rather a name for various

Operating Systems, which come under a single name.

•These operating systems are Open Source and they all come under the

GNU General Public License.

•It may be based on either of the two kernels of which one is Linux

based and the other is kFreeBSD.

•It was announced in 1993 by Ian Murdock and released in 1996.

•It consists of the source codes of the various freeware which are

available as open source software.

•SteamOS is a Debian Linux kernel-based operating system in development

by Valve Corporation designed to be the primary operating system for

the Steam Machine game consoles.

•It was released in December 13, 2013.

•Primarily designed for playing video games and high-end graphical uses.

•Users will be able to stream games from their Windows and Mac systems to

their Steam devices.

Special features makeit easy to add new

capability or to fix problemswithout having to restart the system. Solaris has exercised and fixed almost any code path that might break.It can be

upgraded, monitored, and controlled from a remote console

• you move to a larger processor, your applications should not only run, but run faster. Solaris can handle heavy

multi-tasking work.

you move to a larger processor,your applications should not only run, but run faster.

Solaris can handle heavy multi-tasking work.

>Fully virus protected.

>It can handlemany users at a time.

>Reboot is notrequired for Solaris so it can run 24/7.

>It is not recommended to runSolaris on other architectures.

>Lack of good GUI.

>This OS is not user friendly.

Google Chrome

Operating System is new

invention by search engine giant Google.

Google Chrome Operating System is an open source , lightweight Operating System.

Its based on Google's Chrome Web Browser and Linux Kernel.

>>Speed, simplicity and security

>>fast and less memory-intensive,enablingusers to access the web in a few seconds

>>Google providesthe security from virus, malware and security updates.

.

FEATURES

This operating system is entirly different from other OSIt is working based on the principle of cloud computing ,

storing every data in the internet rather then storing in your hard disk.

•Opensource•Build in Linux kernal thus no virus

•Faster booting•Application software's are

preinstalled•A wide community to support•Yet to relese the stable version•Works on low system hardware

•Paid•Virus problems•Slow booting

•Using 90% world wide•Need good hardware to work•Need rather high system h/w

• Mobile Os Is Dominated By

Android OS