HONORS CHEMISTRY STUDY GUIDE PAGE 1 NAME: CLASS PERIOD: Disciplinary Core Ideas (NGSS) HS-PS1-1: Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. The periodic table orders elements horizontally by the number of protons in the atom’s nucleus and places those with similar chemical properties in columns. The repeating patterns of this table reflect patterns of outer electron states. (HS-PS1-1) Student performance objectives At the end of this unit students should be able to: 1) Relate the names of elements to their international element symbols. 2) Describe the periodic table. Name the major groups and regions on the periodic table, and identify elements belonging to these groups. 3) Distinguish between metals, nonmetals, and metalloids using the periodic table. 4) Understand the rationale behind the periodic table view the table as an ordered database of element properties. 5) Explain how the periodic table reflects the quantum mechanical structure of the atom. 6) Explain and use periodic trends in: atomic radius, ionic radius, and ionization energy 7) Explain the connection between ionization energy and metallic character a) Predict the most common ion formed by a main group element by consulting a periodic table. b) Name and write the formulas for common transition metal ions. VOCABULARY DATE OUTLINE DATE DUE Alkali metals Alkaline earth metals Anion Atomic radius Cation Electronegativity Element Halogens Inner transition metals Ion Ionic radius Ionization energy Metalloids (semi- metals) Metals Noble gases Nonmetals Periodic law Representative elements Transactinides Transition metals Transuranium 1) Organizing the elements a) History of development of table b) Metals, nonmetals & metalloids 2) Classifying the elements a) Electron configurations b) Element groups c) Blocks of elements 3) Periodic trends a) Atomic size b) Ionization energy c) Electronegativity 4) Test/quiz Horwat’s homepage with calendar: http://horwat.wicomico.wikispaces.net/Chemistry+%28Home%29
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HONORS CHEMISTRY STUDY GUIDE PAGE 1
NAME: CLASS PERIOD:
Disciplinary Core Ideas (NGSS)
HS-PS1-1: Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of
electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.
The periodic table orders elements horizontally by the number of protons in the atom’s nucleus and places those
with similar chemical properties in columns. The repeating patterns of this table reflect patterns of outer electron
states. (HS-PS1-1)
Student performance objectives
At the end of this unit students should be able to:
1) Relate the names of elements to their international element symbols.
2) Describe the periodic table. Name the major groups and regions on the periodic table, and identify elements
belonging to these groups.
3) Distinguish between metals, nonmetals, and metalloids using the periodic table.
4) Understand the rationale behind the periodic table view the table as an ordered database of element properties.
5) Explain how the periodic table reflects the quantum mechanical structure of the atom.
6) Explain and use periodic trends in: atomic radius, ionic radius, and ionization energy
7) Explain the connection between ionization energy and metallic character
a) Predict the most common ion formed by a main group element by consulting a periodic table.
b) Name and write the formulas for common transition metal ions.
VOCABULARY DATE OUTLINE DATE
DUE
Alkali metals
Alkaline earth metals
Anion
Atomic radius
Cation
Electronegativity
Element
Halogens
Inner transition metals
Ion
Ionic radius
Ionization energy
Metalloids (semi-metals)
Metals
Noble gases
Nonmetals
Periodic law
Representative elements
Transactinides
Transition metals
Transuranium
1) Organizing the elements
a) History of development of
table
b) Metals, nonmetals &
metalloids
2) Classifying the elements
a) Electron configurations
b) Element groups
c) Blocks of elements
3) Periodic trends
a) Atomic size
b) Ionization energy
c) Electronegativity
4) Test/quiz
Horwat’s homepage with calendar: http://horwat.wicomico.wikispaces.net/Chemistry+%28Home%29
While watching the video clips in class or using your textbook, fill in the table below. MP is the melting point, D is density, Ve- is valence electrons and H is hardness. Use the up or down arrows to represent higher (↑), lower (↓)
values or middle () values. If the value varies use the word “vary”
This assignment is to get you thinking about the elements found in nature. You will identify the major groups and
regions on the periodic table, and identify elements belonging to these groups and the similarities and differences
between them.
Use page R4 & R5 in your text or the internet to answer the following question(s)
Most abundant
element 2nd most abundant 3rd most abundant
In the Earth’s crust
Dissolved in the oceans
In our atmosphere
In the sun
In the human body
Do you notice any elements that keep showing up? Why do you think this is so?
Using Appendix A in your text book (Pages R2 to R45) or the internet to answer the following questions about each
group. This should be done on lined paper. Each group should be on its own sheet of paper. Be sure to label each
group and each question. (Groups include 1A through 8A, Hydrogen, & Transition metals).
Group #: Name
1. Physical properties - What do the elements in the group have in common? (look at their physical properties)
2. Trends - Looking at the graphs, what trends do you see in the properties of the elements in the group?
3. Sources - Where are the elements found? Are they found pure or in compounds? Why?
4. Uses - What are some important uses for elements in the group? (you do not need to have every element in the
group accounted for, only an example or two, general uses are acceptable)
Answers can be in bulleted lists or complete sentences. Please be NEAT and thorough.
HONORS CHEMISTRY STUDY GUIDE PAGE 5
Health and Elements
Different elements play a crucial role in the body’s ability to function. We need different elements to help keep us
healthy for different reasons. Using your research tools, fill in the follow chart with how each element is needed and
where we are most likely to get our intake from.
Mineral Chart
Mineral Name Importance to Health Sources Type of Element (Group)
Calcium Helps form healthy bones.
Regulates your heartbeat
Dairy & green leafy
vegetables
Alkaline Earth
Metal
Chlorine
Copper
Fluorine
Iodine
Iron
Magnesium
Phosphorous
Potassium
Sodium
Zinc
Industry and Elements
We do not always use elements in their rudimentary form. Sometimes a mixture of different elements allows us to
have the best properties or ones that fit our purpose. A mixture of metals is called an alloy and they can have some
very special uses. You will discover what elements make up our most common metal mixtures.
Name of Alloy Composition (which elements is
it made of)
Properties (why is this mix
useful)
Common uses (how do we use
it)
Brass
Bronze
14-karat gold
Pewter
Stainless steel
Sterling silver
Wrought iron
HONORS CHEMISTRY STUDY GUIDE PAGE 6
Chemical Element information table
1) Label the groups 1-18 (and IA-VIII designations) and the periods 1-7. 2) Draw the zig-zag line between the metals and the nonmetals. 3) Label and lightly color each of the families from the chart on the previous page different colors, indicating them on the