organizational structure

THE SYSTEM APPROACH

DEFINITION OF THE SYSTEM APPROACH

The word "systems" is derived from the Greek word "synistanai," which means "to bring together or combine."

Components 0r elements of the organizational concepts is known as the "systems approach

systems theory approach.

the organization as a system is made up 0f mutually dependent sub systems that must contact or join with their environments in order to sustain or remain is known as the systems theory approach.

Systems

Systems are a set of interrelated parts that turn

inputs into out puts through processing

Example of the system

Computer-based Information System

Sub system

A part of the over all system which also acts as system in it self is called sub system

FOR EXAMPLE

Human body has a complete organized system and with in its system has different sub systems

Digestive system

Blood circulatory system etc

Systems theory

Treats an organization as a system.

There can be two types of systems

Open system

Closed system

What is an open system

An open system organization

communicate or interact with its external

environment.

Examples of the external environment

are

(Customers, Government, Economy,

Competition, Public Opinion) which affect

the company's ability to function

What is closed system

The closed system do not interact or

communicate with its external environment.

For example watch

System Boundary

System boundary separates the system from its external environment

OR

It disallows the system to interact with the external environment

Definition of Organization

An organization is a collection of people working together in a coordinated and structured fashion to achieve one or more goals.

Examples of organization

Example of Organizational structure

Components of the organization

According to (Bakke, 1959) the organization consists of the following three basic elements:

Components

Linking processes

Goals of organization

What are the Parts of the components?

Individual

Formal and informal organization

Pattern of the emerging behavior of the employees

Role comprehension of the employees /individuals

Physical environment of the work place

• The individual

Individual are the most important human resource of the organization .they may be aware about the organizational goals structure, process and working environment

• The formal and informal organization:

Formal organization

Formal organization are those that have fixed rules, procedures and structures

.the rules are written in the language of the rules

and they are strictly obeys by everyone in the organization

• Informal organizational structure

The formation of social and friendly groups form another structure in the same organization which is called informal organizational structure

• Pattern of behavior of the individual

according to the role demands of the

organization:

According to the systems approach theory the roles and responsibilities of the individual will change according to the organization demands

• Role comprehension of the

individual

The individual working in the organization should understand their job description and do their assigned roles and responsibilities accordingly

• Physical environment in which

individuals work:

Physical environment is a very important element of any organization

it creates a very pleasant effect on the employees and as well as on the stakeholders.

It plays a vital role in the development and sustainability of the organization.

for examples (water, electricity , lighting, furniture well lighted rooms) etc., have encourage the employees to work more diligently for the smooth running of organization.

2) Linking processes

The linking process comprise of the following elements:

Communication

Balance

Decision analysis

Basic types of communication:

Formal communication

Informal communication

What is formal communication

According to an Oregon State study, formal communication is defined as

communication occurs through officially designated channels between organization positions about a work related topic.

Formal communication exists within the

organization or company .

Types of formal communication

Down ward communication

Upward communication:

Horizontal communication

What is Down ward communication ?

This type of communication occurs when managers talk to employees about explaining their jobs and provide instructions,

to correct employees' work,

or

explain new procedures. This type of communication is vital to the organization

What is Upward communication:?

This type of communication occurs when subordinates or employees need to talk with their managers, they usually talk about the completion of the task

or about a work-related problem

What is Horizontal communication?

This type of communication takes place when the workers of the same work level communicate with each other about completing tasks

Informal Communications:

Informal communication takes place within the employees of the organization.

It helps to build employees social relationship.

2) Balance:

Balance is the key element in the linking processes of the system approach .so all the interrelated parts of the organization are coordinate properly for the achievement of the goals of the system.

3)Decision analysis:

Decision analysis is a process that allows the decision maker to select at least one option from a set of possible decision alternatives.

Making decisions is the most important and difficult task of a manger.

Decision are taken for the solution of the complex problems of the system.

Goals of decision analysis

is to give guidance,

information,

insight (deep understanding about something),

to make better, more ‘rational’ (logical sensible) decisions.

Goals of organization:

EVERY ORGANIZATION HAS

Mission statement

Objectives

Strategy

Goals

Action plans

What is mission statement?

Every organization has a mission statement which tells about the reason of its existence.

Objectives are the broader statements and they

are derived out from the mission statement.

Objectives

Objective

Strategy

strategy is designed to achieve the objectives.

Strategy

Goals

Goals of the organization should be SMART.

S Specific

M measureable

A Attainable

R Relevant

T Time bound

Goals:

Action plan

It is a course of action through which an organization get its targeted goals