Organization of Living Things Notes

THE ORGANIZATION THE ORGANIZATION OF LIVING THINGSOF LIVING THINGS

BENEFITS OF BEING MULTICELLULAR

• Larger Size: larger organisms are prey for fewer predators. Also, large predators can eat a wider variety of prey

• Longer Life: not limited to the life span of any single cell

• Specialization: each type of cell has a particular job. This makes the organism more efficient!

EXAMPLE:

Cardiac Muscle Cell

• Level 1: Cell• -smallest unit that can perform life processes independently• -vary in size and shape• -Example: plant cell (square) and animal cell (round)

LEVEL 2: TISSUECELLS WORKING TOGETHER

• Tissue: a group of cells that work together to perform a specific job

Animals have 4 basic types of tissues:1. nerve tissue

2. muscle tissue

3. connective tissue

4. Protective Tissue

Example: Adipose (fat) cells in the skin

PLANT TISSUES

• Plants have 3 types of tissue:

1. transport tissue2. protective tissue

(dermal)3. ground

tissue

LEVEL 3: ORGANTISSUES WORKING TOGETHER

•Organ = a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body• Example: heart

- has mostly cardiac tissue, but also has nerve tissue and tissues of the blood vessels that all work together•Other examples: stomach, intestines, brain, and lungs

• Examples in plants: the leaf plant organ that contains tissue that traps light energy to make food• Also: stems and roots

IS THAT A FACT?!

In your lifetime, your body will shed

about 40 pounds of dead skin!

LEVEL 4: ORGAN SYSTEMORGANS WORKING TOGETHER

• Organ system = group of organs that work together to perform body functions• Examples: digestive

system, which includes several organs, such as the stomach and intestines

ON ITS OWN: ORGANISM

• Organism = a living thing; anything that can carry out life processes independently• An organism can be unicellular, like this bacteria:

•OR an organism can be multicellular, like you!

STRUCTURE & FUNCTION

• In organisms, structure and function are related.Structure = arrangement of parts in an organization

-Includes the shape of a part and the material of which the part is made

Function = the job that the part does

EXAMPLE OF STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION:

The structure of the lungs is a large, spongy sac. Blood vessels wrap around aveoli (air sacs). The structure of the aveoli and blood vessels enable them to perform a function, which is bring oxygen into the body and take out carbon dioxide.

VIDEO CLIP: ORGANIZATION OF LIVING THINGS

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