Organic Compound Notes Learning Goal: Today I will learn about organic compounds. So that I can identify what makes up an organic compound. I’ll know I’ve.

Organic Compound Notes

Learning Goal:

Today I will learn about organic compounds.

So that I can identify what makes up an organic compound.

I’ll know I’ve got it when I can tell the difference between an organic & non-

organic compound.

In our first unit we will be looking at what all living organisms are

made up of, the basic unit of life. In order to understand this, we

must understand what an organic compound is because they play a central role in the structure and

function of all living beings.

Why do I need to know this?

• A pure chemical substance consisting of one type of atom – Can NOT be broken down into a simpler substance– Only has only 1 CAPITAL LETTER.

• Ex: copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), hydrogen (H), carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O).

Element

• Each element has been given a 1 or 2 letter symbol:

• The first letter of the symbol is always a capital letter – H for hydrogen, C for carbon, N for nitrogen

• IF there is a second letter in the symbol it is a lower case letter – He for helium, Ca for calcium, Ne for neon

Element SymbolsRead Only

• Consist of 2 or more elements that have been chemically combined– CAN be broken down into a simpler substance

• Ex. Water (H20) can be broken into two atoms of Hydrogen (H) and one atom of Oxygen (O)

– Has more than one CAPITAL LETTER.– Represented by a chemical formula (Combination of element

symbols and number of atoms of each element)

• Ex: – Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is Carbon and Oxygen– Salt (NaCl) is Sodium and Chlorine

Compound

Carbon DioxideWater

Elements

Compounds

Read Only

Organic compounds:naturally occurring substances (animal or plant-produced) containing Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H) and usually nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and phosphorus..

◦ ALL living things are organic

Four types of organic compounds:1. Carbohydrates: Breads, grains and fruits

2. Proteins: Meat and dairy3. Lipids: Fats4. Nucleic acids: DNA

Organic Compounds

Inorganic Compounds

Compounds that DO NOT contain Carbon and Hydrogen and are NOT found in living things

NOT

Examples of inorganic compounds: HCl : hydrochloric acid (lacks Carbon)

NaCl : table salt (lacks Carbon AND Hydrogen)

H2O : water (lacks Carbon)

• Inorganic compounds do not fit ANY of the three characteristics that describe organic compounds.• Inorganic examples:

*CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)

*CO(Carbon Monoxide)

These compounds are naturally occurring, come from living things, BUT do not contain BOTH Carbon and Hydrogen. For this reason, these compounds are INORGANIC.

Carbohydrates & Starches

Fructose

Lactose

Lipids

Protein

Food Pyramid

Glucose

Why OC’s are important

Why living things are organic:

For example, all living things have a great deal of water.

Oxygen and hydrogen make

water, so they are important elements.

Other important elements include

carbon and nitrogen.

Read Only

Area Elements in the Area

1 Sulfur, Hydrogen, Oxygen

2 Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

3 Oxygen, Helium, Calcium

4 Nitrogen, Potassium, Xeon

Let’s REVIEW

1. Which area contains organic compounds?

Area Elements in the Area1 Sulfur, Hydrogen, Oxygen2 Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen3 Oxygen, Helium, Calcium4 Nitrogen, Potassium, Xeon

Let’s REVIEW

1. Which area contains organic compounds?

Answer: Area 2

Let’s REVIEW

2. Name the four most common types of organic compounds found in living organisms and give an example of each?

Let’s REVIEW

2. Name the four most common types of organic compounds found in living organisms and give an example of each?

Answer: Carbs- breads, grains, fruits Protein – meat or dairyLipids – fatsNucleic Acids - DNA

Let’s REVIEW

3. In order for a compound to be organic it must contain? ______________ and ______________.

Let’s REVIEW

3. In order for a compound to be organic it must contain? __carbon_______ and __hydrogen______.