Organic Agriculture in Europe: Current Statistics

Research Institute of Organic Agriculture [email protected], www.fibl.org

Organic Agriculture in Europe: Current Statistics

February 12, 2020Nuremberg, GermanyThe European Market for Organic Food, BIOFACH Congress 2020

Helga Willer, Bernhard Schlatter, Jan Trávníček, Laura Kemper and Julia LernoudResearch Institute of Organic Agriculture (FIBL), Frick, Switzerland

www.fibl.org

The World of Organic Agriculture 2020www.organic-world.net

• The 21st edition of ‚The World of Organic Agriculture‘, was publishedby FiBL and IFOAM – OrganicsInternational in February 2020.

• Data tables• Country and continent reports• Markets, standards, policy support• Chapters on ICS, PGS, Demeter,

EU imports

Get your copy at the FiBL Stand in Hall 1/553 or the stand of IFOAM - Organics International (1/451)www.organic-world.net

www.fibl.org

Another record year for organic in Europe and worldwide - highlights 2018

› Organic agricultural land in Europe reached an all time high with15.6 million hectares = + 8.7% (EU 13.8 million hectares)

› 3.1 % of the agricultural land is organic, 7.7 % in the EU› In 10 countries 10 percent or more of the farmland is organic › 0.4 million producers were reported – another all time high› The market exceeded 40.7 billion euros, +7.8%› The following slides show, where Europe stands in a global context

(marked yellow)

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Distribution of organic farmland 2018

Oceania50%

Europe22%

Latin America11%

Asia9%

North America

5%

Africa3%

Distribution of organic agricultural land by region2018Source: FiBL survey 2020

www.fibl.org

1.521.941.962.022.042.152.253.143.63

35.69

0 10 20 30 40

GermanyIndiaItaly

United States of AmericaFrance

UruguaySpainChina

ArgentinaAustralia

Million hectares

The ten countries with the largest areas of organic agricultural land 2018Source: FiBL survey 2020

The ten countries with the largest organic agricultural land 2013

The ten countries with the most organic agriculturalland 2018

www.fibl.org

10.0%10.1%

12.8%13.0%13.7%

14.9%15.4%15.4%15.8%

16.8%19.9%

21.6%22.5%

24.7%34.5%

38.5%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45%

SlovakiaFrench Guiana (France)

Czech RepublicFinland

VanuatuUruguay

SwitzerlandLatvia

ItalyTimor-Leste

SwedenEstonia

Sao Tome and PrincipeAustriaSamoa

Liechtenstein

Share of total agricultural land

Countries with an organic share of at least 10 percent of the agricultural land 2018Source: FiBL survey 2020

The countries with the highest shares of organicagricultural land 2018

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1.1 2.

5

10.0

7.5

2.5

12.1

1.1 3.

2

11.2

6.9

3.0

11.4

1.3 3.

5

11.8

6.8

2.5

22.9

1.8 4.

9

13.5

7.5

3.1

27.3

2.0

6.5

15.6

8.0

3.3

36.0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Africa Asia Europe LatinAmerica

NorthAmerica

Oceania

Mill

ion

hect

ares

Growth of the organic agricultural land by continent 2010-2018Source: FiBL-IFOAM survey 2012-2020

2010 2012 2014 2016 2018

Growth of the organic agricultural land by continent 2005‐2013

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European Union: Growth of the organic farmland

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.61

1.82.6

3.13.6

44.6

5.25.7

6.26.7

7.27.7

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

1619

85

1987

1989

1991

1993

1995

1997

1999

2001

2003

2005

2007

2009

2011

2013

2015

2016

2017

2018

Org

anic

sha

re in

per

cent

EU: Growth of the organic agricultural land and organic share of total farmland 1999-2018Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL-Surveys 1999-2020 based on national data sources and Eurostat

HectaresOrganic share

Plus 7.6 % 2018

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7.0 8.2 9.3 10.111.011.813.9

16.117.418.119.521.322.724.2

26.330.1

33.837.3

40.7

6.5 7.6 8.6 9.4 10.211.013.1

15.216.316.918.019.620.922.124.0

27.430.9

34.337.4

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

Billi

on e

uros

Europe and European Union: Development of retail sales 2000-2018Source: FiBL-AMI Surveys 2006-2020, OrganicDataNetwork Surveys 2013-2015

Europe European Union

Europe and European Union: Development of retail sales 2000-2018

9

www.fibl.org

Figure: Distribution of retail sales in Europe and worldwide

10

USA42%

EU-2839%

China8%

Canada3%

Switzerland3%

Other5%

World: distribution of retail sales by single market 2018Source: FiBL-AMI survey 2020

USA42%

Germany11%

France9%

China8%

Italy4%

Canada3%

Switzerland3%

United Kingdom

3%

Other17%

Global market: Distribution of retail sales value by country 2018Source: FiBL-AMI survey 2020, based on retail sales with organic food

www.fibl.org

1'903

2'301

2'537

2'655

3'119

3'483

8'087

9'139

10'910

40'559

0 10'000 20'000 30'000 40'000 50'000

Spain

Sweden

United Kingdom

Switzerland

Canada

Italy

China

France

Germany

United States of America

Retail sales in million euros

The ten countries with the largest markets for organic food 2018Source: FiBL-AMI survey 2020

www.fibl.org

93

125

132

136

159

205

221

231

312

312

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Saudi Arabia

USA

Germany

France

Norway

Austria

Luxembourg

Sweden

Switzerland

Denmark

Per capita consumption in euros

The ten countries with the highest per capita consumption 2018Source: FiBL-AMI survey 2020

The ten countries with the largest per capita consumption for 2013

www.fibl.org

Europe: Organic market shares

13

2.5

3.2

4.5

4.2

5.1

7.3

8.6

9.1

9.0

10.2

3.0

3.2

4.7

4.8

5.3

8.0

8.9

9.6

9.9

11.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Belgium

Italy

Netherlands

France

Germany

Luxembourg

Austria

Sweden

Switzerland

Denmark

Market share in %

Europe: The countries with the highest organic shares of the total market 2017 and 2018Source: FiBL-AMI survey 2020

2018

2017

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2.9%

6.9%

8.7%

14.5%

15.9%

18.0%

21.0%

22.3%

27.6%

29.6%

32.6%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Spain

UK

Norway

Belgium

Netherlands

Finland

Germany

Austria

Switzerland

France

Denmark

Organic share of the value of eggs sold

Organic market shares of eggsSource: FiBL-Erhebung 2020

www.fibl.org

Organic marketing channels (AT, CH, DE, DK, FR, IT)

3'02

4

2'49

7

1'21

5

3'65

2

2'87

4

1'39

6

4'47

8

3'09

6

1'56

6

0

1'000

2'000

3'000

4'000

5'000

General retailers Specialized retailers other

Mill

ion

euro

s

France

2016 2017 2018

5'45

5

2'84

8

1'17

5

5'92

0

2'91

0

1'51

0

6'43

0

2'93

0

1'55

0

0

1'000

2'000

3'000

4'000

5'000

6'000

7'000

General retailers Specialized retailers other

Mill

ion

euro

s

Germany

2016 2017 2018

1'11

9

892

633

1'59

5

865

677

1'93

4

845

704

0

500

1'000

1'500

2'000

2'500

General retailers Specialized retailers other

Mill

ion

euro

s

Italy

2016 2017 2018

1'85

9

249

249

1'97

9

247

247

2'19

3

431

368

0

500

1'000

1'500

2'000

2'500

General retailers Specialized retailers other

Mill

ion

euro

s

Switzerland

2016 2017 2018

General retailers Specialized retailers Other retailers

1'23

0

312

1'39

8

325

1'49

0

320

0

500

1'000

1'500

2'000

General retailers Specialized retailers

Mill

ion

euro

s

Austria

2016 2017 2018

1'16

5

81 148

1'52

0

81

1'72

6

81

0

500

1'000

1'500

2'000

General retailers Specialized retailers other

Mill

ion

euro

s

Denmark

2016 2017 2018

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EUROPE: ORGANIC RETAIL SALES 2018

USA

GermanyFrance

China

Italy

CanadaSwitzerland

UK

Other

Europe40.7 billion €

Germany

10.9 billion €

312 €are spent per

person in Switzerland and

Dennmark

0 5'000 10'000

1

2

3

4

5

Retail sales in million Euros0 100 200 300

1

2

3

4

5

Per capita consumption in euros

0 10

1

2

3

4

5

Market share in %

The European Union (37.4billion €) is the second largest single market after the US (40.6billion €) and China. By region, North America has the lead (43 billion €), followed by Europe and Asia.

The European countries with the largest markets for organic food are Germany, France (9.1 billion €), Italy (3.5 billion €), and Switzerland (2.7 billion €).

Denmark and Switzerland have the highest per capita consumption worldwide, followed by Sweden, Luxembourg and Austria.

The country with the highest organic share of their total market is in Denmark, followed by Sweden, Switzerland, Austria, and Luxembourg.

Distribution of retail sales value worldwide by Country 2018

The countries with the largest markets for organic food 2018

The countries with the highest per capita consumption of organic food 2018

The countries with the highest organic shares of the total market 2018

Source: FiBL survey 2020. www.organic-world.net

UK

Switzerland

Italy

France

Germany

Austria

Luxembourg

Sweden

Denmark

Switzerland Denmark

Sweden

Switzerland

Austria

Luxembourg

11.5 % of the

food market in Denmark is

organic

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Summary

• In 2018 organic farming continued to grow and all time highs werereached for the organic farmland, producers, and market.

• However, the development varies a lot between countries.• Other than in the past ten years, area growth is accelerating,

however, particularly in Europe, production is still not keeping pace with the market development.

• For better monitoring of the development of the sector and to increase transparency, data collection and processing need to be improved in many countries, in particular for market and international trade data.

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EUROPE: ORGANIC FARMLAND 2018

Spain

France

Italy

Germany

Others

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

1

2

3

4

5

Million hectares0% 20% 40% 60%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

Mill

ion

hect

ares

3.1% of Europe’s farmland is

organic (EU7.7 %)

Europe15.6

Million ha

Spain 2.2

Million ha

Half of Europe´s organic farmland is in 4 countries.

The country with the largest area of organic farmland is in Spain, followed by France and Italy.

Ten countries have 10% or more of their agricultural land under organic management.

In 2018 over 1.25 million hectares morewere reported compared with 2017.

Source: FiBL survey 2020, www.organic-world.net

Distribution of organic agricultural land by country 2018

Top 5 countries with the largest areas of organic agricultural land 2018

Top 5 countries, where more than10 percent of the farmland is organic 2018

Growth of the organic agricultural land 1985–2018

France

Italy

Germany

Turkey

Spain Liechtenstein

Italy

Sweden

Estonia

Austria

Percentage

+69% in the decade

2009-2018

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Resources

• «The World of Organic Agriculture» at www.organic-world.net

• Slides and infographics at www.organic-world.net• Twitter.com/fiblstatistics• Interactive maps at www.organic-world.net• Interactive data tables at statistics.fibl.org• Interactive map at www.ifoam-eu.org

22

www.fibl.org

Presentations at www.organic-world.net

23

www.fibl.org 24

Europe and the European Union: Key indicators 2018

Indicator Europe European Union Top 3 countries Europe

Organic farmland in hectares 15.6 million ha 13.8 million ha

Spain (2.2 million ha) France (2.0 million ha) Italy (2.0 million ha)

Organic share of total farmland 3.1 % 7.7 %

Liechtenstein (38.5%) Austria (24.7%) Estonia (21.6%)

Increase in organic farmland 2017-2018 in hectares

1.25 million ha 1 million ha France (+290'604 ha) Spain (+164'302 ha) Germany (+148'157 ha)

Relative increase in organic farmland 2017-2018

8.7% 7.6% Montenegro (+64%) Ireland (+60%) North Macedonia (+52%)

Land use [in million hectares]

Arable crops: 7.5 Permanent crops: 1.7 Permanent pastures: 6.2

Arable crops: 6.1 Permanent crops 1.5 Permanent pastures: 6.0

Top arable crop groups

Cereals: 2.6 million ha Green fodder: 2.5 million ha Dry pulses: 0.5 million ha

Green fodder: 2.3 million ha Cereals: 2.2 million ha Dry pulses: 0.4 million ha

Largest arable areas: France (1.1 million ha) Italy (0.9 million ha) Germany (0.6 million ha)

Top permanent crop groups

Olives: 0.6 million ha Grapes: 0.4 million ha Nuts: 0.3 million ha

Olives: 0.5 million ha Grapes: 0.3 million ha Nuts: 0.3 million ha

Largest permanent crop areas: Spain (0.6 million ha) Italy (0.5 million ha) Turkey (0.2 million ha)

Wild collection area 17.2 million ha 13.9 million ha

Finland (11.2 million ha) Romania (1.8 million ha; 2014) Albania (0.6 million ha)

Producers [no.] 418'610 327'222 Turkey: (79'563) Italy (69'317) France (41'632)

Processors [no.] 75'569 71'960 Italy (20'087) France (16'651) Germany (15'441)

Importers [no.] 5'790 5'034 Germany (1'723) Switzerland (548) France (545)

Retail sales 40.7 billion euros 37.4 billion euros

Germany (10'910 million euros) France (9'139 million eurosItaly (3'483 million euros)

Growth of retail sales 2017-2018 7.8% 7.7%

France (15.4%) Switzerland (13.3%) Denmark (12.9%)

Organic share of total market No data No data

Denmark (11.5 %) Switzerland (9.9 %) Sweden (9.6 %)

Per capita consumption [euros] 50 euros 76 euros

Switzerland (312 euros); Denmark (312 euros) Sweden (231 euros)

Source: FiBL-AMI survey 2020. For detailed data sources see annex