Oracle9i Developer Suite
Oracle9i JDeveloper Users Guide
Release 9.0.2 Production for Windows, Solaris, Linux, HP-UX
May, 2002 Part No. A97276-01
This book contains the Help topics including conceptual,
procedural, and F1 Help in Oracle9i JDeveloper Release 9.0.2
Production available on Oracle Technology Network (OTN).
Oracle9i JDeveloper Users Guide, Release 9.0.2 Part No.
A97276-01 Copyright 1996, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights
reserved. The Programs (which include both the software and
documentation) contain proprietary information of Oracle
Corporation; they are provided under a license agreement containing
restrictions on use and disclosure and are also protected by
copyright, patent and other intellectual and industrial property
laws. Reverse engineering, disassembly or decompilation of the
Programs, except to the extent required to obtain interoperability
with other independently created software or as specified by law,
is prohibited. The information contained in this document is
subject to change without notice. If you find any problems in the
documentation, please report them to us in writing. Oracle
Corporation does not warrant that this document is error-free.
Except as may be expressly permitted in your license agreement for
these Programs, no part of these Programs may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
for any purpose, without the express written permission of Oracle
Corporation. If the Programs are delivered to the U.S. Government
or anyone licensing or using the programs on behalf of the U.S.
Government, the following notice is applicable: Restricted Rights
Notice Programs delivered subject to the DOD FAR Supplement are
"commercial computer software" and use, duplication, and disclosure
of the Programs, including documentation, shall be subject to the
licensing restrictions set forth in the applicable Oracle license
agreement. Otherwise, Programs delivered subject to the Federal
Acquisition Regulations are "restricted computer software" and use,
duplication, and disclosure of the Programs shall be subject to the
restrictions in FAR 52.227-19, Commercial Computer Software -
Restricted Rights (June, 1987). Oracle Corporation, 500 Oracle
Parkway, Redwood City, CA 94065. The Programs are not intended for
use in any nuclear, aviation, mass transit, medical, or other
inherently dangerous applications. It shall be the licensee's
responsibility to take all appropriate fail-safe, backup,
redundancy, and other measures to ensure the safe use of such
applications if the Programs are used for such purposes, and Oracle
Corporation disclaims liability for any damages caused by such use
of the Programs. Oracle is a registered trademark. Oracle8i,
Oracle9i, PL/SQL, JInitiator, and SQL*Plus are trademarks or
registered trademarks of Oracle Corporation. Other names may be
trademarks of their respective owners. Copyright 1999, 2000 The
Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved. This product
includes software developed by the Apache Software Foundation
(http://www.apache.org). SOAP is provided "AS IS". Copyright 2000
The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved. This product
includes software developed by the Apache Software Foundation
(http://www.apache.org). BATIK is provided "AS IS". Portions of
this software and documentation copyright 2001Three D Graphics.
Send Us Your CommentsOracle9i JDeveloper Users Guide, Release
9.0.2 for Windows, Solaris, Linux, HP-UXPart No. A97276-01
Oracle Corporation welcomes your comments and suggestions on the
quality and usefulness of this document. Your input is an important
part of the information used for revision.
Did you find any errors? Is the information clearly presented?
Do you need more information? If so, where? Are the examples
correct? Do you need more examples? What features did you like
most?
If you find any errors or have any other suggestions for
improvement, please indicate the document title and part number,
and the chapter, section, and page number (if available). You can
send comments to us in the following ways:
Post a message on the Oracle Technology Network - Oracle9i
JDeveloper Forum at:
http://otn.oracle.com/products/jdev/content.html Note: Click the
Discussion Forum link FAX: 650-506-7433 Attn: Oracle9i JDeveloper
User Assistance Postal service: Oracle Corporation Oracle9i
JDeveloper User Assistance 500 Oracle Parkway, 2OP12 Redwood
Shores, CA 94065 United States
If you would like a reply, please give your name, address,
telephone number, and (optionally) electronic mail address.
Sofware-related QuestionsIf you have problems with the software,
contact your local Oracle Support Services representative or if you
prefer, post a message on the Oracle Technology Network - Oracle9i
JDeveloper Forum at:
http://otn.oracle.com/products/jdev/content.html Note: Click the
Discussion Forum link
iii
iv
PrefaceThis Adobe PDF document contains the entire set of Help
topics in the Oracle9i JDeveloper Release 9.0.2 online Help system.
These topics include conceptual and procedural help as well as the
F1 Help (context-sensitive Help). When running JDeveloper, you can
access these topics directly by choosing the Help | Help Topics
menu option or by pressing the Help button on the dialog or winodw
or the F1 key anywhere in the user interface. The main purpose of
this document is to facilitate the printing of multiple Help topics
using Adobe Acrobat. As this document is quite lengthy, you can
choose to print only the desired range of pages.
Note:
To view this PDF document, you can download a free copy of Adobe
Acrobat Reader from http://www.adobe.com/. Although you can search
for a word(s) in Adobe Acrobat, excellent full-text search
capabilities are available within JDevelopers Help system. For more
information, see "How to Use the Online Help." This book is not an
orderable part and therefore is not available for purchase from
Oracle Store.
Intended AudienceThis document is intended for application
developers interested in using JDeveloper to create Java and Java2
Enterprise Edition (J2EE) applications with end-to-end support for
developing, debugging, and deploying e-business applications. Users
should be familiar with general Web technology, HTML, and some
Java. Oracle9i JDeveloper is certified on Windows, Solaris, Linux,
and HP-UX.
v
JDeveloper Book StructureThis PDF document and the bookmarks
(left frame) are structured to closely mirror the book order
presented in the JDeveloper Online Help Table of Contents. The
conceptual and procedural help topics are presented first followed
by the F1 Help topics. The following JDeveloper books are not
available in PDF format:
UIX Developers Guide UIX Element Reference Developing Help With
Oracle Help for Java All Javadocs provided with JDeveloper Oracle
Business Intelligence (BI beans)
JDeveloper Conceptual and Task HelpThe JDeveloper Conceptual and
Task Help topics are presented in the following book order: 1.
Welcome to Oracle9i JDeveloper This book contains information about
new features, migration, copyright, and contact information. 2.
Getting Started with JDeveloper This book contains information
about everything you need to know to get started with JDeveloper
workspaces and projects, configuring database connections, and how
to customize the IDE. 3. Tutorials This book contains a number of
helpful tutorials, highlighting the various JDeveloper features and
capabilities. For example, you can learn how to build a simple Java
application, model Java classes, develop a Business Components for
Java (BC4J) application, create JSPs with data tags, create and use
Web services, and much more. 4. Developing Web Applications (J2EE
Web Modules) This book covers working with servlets, working with
JSP pages, working with JSP tag libraries, working with data bound
BC4J JSP pages, working with UIX XML and UIX JSP pages, working
with XSQL servlets, and developing using UIX technologies. 5.
Working with XML Files
This book covers using the JDeveloper XML editor to edit XML
languages including UIX, UIT, XSQL, XSL, XHTML and WSDL files.6.
Working with UIX XML and UIX JSP Pages This book covers developing,
editing, and viewing UIX XML and UIX JSP pages.
vi
7. Working with XSQL Servlets This book covers XSQL tags, XSQL
servlet clients, and XSQL tag reference. 8. Developing Java GUI
Clients This book covers JDevelopers user interface design tools,
layout managers, working with containers and components, events,
applets, JClient applications, and Java Web Start. 9. Testing and
Optimizing Your Code This book covers compiling, running, debugging
your Java applications. In addition, JDeveloper features such as
CodeCoaching and profiling address writing more efficient Java
programs. 10. Developing JavaBeans This book covers creating and
customizing JavaBeans and creating a Pluggable Java Component
(PJC). 11. Developing Business Components This book covers the
Business Components for Java (BC4J) framework including new
features, creating BC4J applications and BC4J clients, using the
API, customization, extending BC4J, developing BC4J for foreign
datasources, using XML with BC4J. In addition, the BC4J F1 Help and
glossary are provided. 12. UML Modeling This book covers UML
modeling basics, diagram layouts and elements, modeling Java
classes, reverse engineering, modeling business components,
modeling activities for E-business integration, and deploying
integration files. 13. Developing Enterprise JavaBeans This book
covers developing EJBs with JDeveloper, EJB generated files, EJB
import and migration, and several helpful EJB Walkthroughs. 14.
Packaging and Deploying This book covers the packaging and
deployment of J2EE JAR files including Web Archive (WAR), EJB JAR,
and Enterprise Archive (EAR) to Oracle9iAS Containers for J2EE
(OC4J), BEA WebLogic, Apache Tomcat, and VisiBroker. Also, covered
are deployments to the Oracle9i database, BC4J deployments, and Web
services deployments. 15. Using SQL in Java Programs This book
covers embedding SQL in Java programs with JDBC, accessing Oracle
objects and PL/SQL packages using Java and JPublisher, and
improving application performance with Java stored procedures. 16.
Browsing the Database This book covers browsing schemas through
JDBC connections, using the SQL worksheet, and launching
SQL*Plus.
vii
17. Using Source Control Support This book covers using Oracle9i
Software Configuration Manager (SCM) support, branching with
Oracle9i SCM, using Rational ClearCase with JDeveloper, using
Concurrent Versions System (CVS) with JDeveloper, and using your
own source control system. 18. Web Services This book covers Web
services concepts including WSDL and SOAP, getting started with Web
services, developing Web services, and using Web services. 19.
Using WebDAV Support This book covers creating a WebDAV connection,
managing files and folders on a WebDAV connection, and locking and
unlocking files on a WebDAV connection. 20. Extending JDeveloper
Using the Addin API This book covers the JDeveloper Integrated
Development Environment (IDE), creating a Wizard, defining document
types, creating an editor, creating an explorer, defining a
command, and other extension types.
viii
JDeveloper F1 HelpF1 Help topics include descriptions for each
field and UI element in a JDeveloper dialog box or window including
the available options. The F1 topics for each book are typically
presented in alphabetical order. The JDeveloper F1 Help topics are
presented in the following book order: 1. Getting Started F1 Help
Information about the New Gallery, IDE Preferences dialog, UI
editor, and general IDE dialogs and windows are covered. 2. JClient
F1 Help Information about the JClient Data Model Definition Wizard,
JClient Graph Wizard, JClient Form Wizard, JClient Java Web Start
Wizard, and various JClient dialogs are covered. 3. Web Application
F1 Help Information about BC4J Web Application Wizard, BC4J
Configuration Manager, Data Tag Wizard, Web Module Wizard, Servlet
Wizard, Web Application 2.2 Deployment Descriptor settings, Web
Bean Editor, and Web Object Manager are covered. 4. JSP Tag F1 Help
Information about Web beans, JSP tags, and JBO data tags are
covered. 5. JSP and JSP UIX General F1 Help Information about
taglib deployment descriptors, JSP tags, XML editor, UIX JSP
Wizard, UIX Wizard, and the Java Web Start Wizard are covered. 6.
UIX XML and UIX JSP Pages F1 Help Information about bc4juix, uix,
and xsql tags are covered. 7. Compiling and Debugging F1 Help
Information about all compiling, debugging, and running dialogs and
windows including those related to the breakpoints, smart data,
watches, inspector, project settings, remote debugging, tracing,
and Tools Preferences are covered. 8. CodeCoach and Profiling F1
Help Information about all CodeCoach and Profiling project settings
and related dialogs and windows are covered. 9. Developing
JavaBeans F1 Help Information about the PJC Class Editor, BeanInfo
Class Editor, and related bean dialogs and windows are covered. 10.
UML Modeling F1 Help Information about the Activity dialog,
E-Business Integration Wizard, Swimlane properties, and related
dialogs and windows are covered.
ix
11. Enterprise JavaBeans F1 Help Information about the EJB JAR
deployment descriptors (ejb-jar.xml), EJB Class Editor, and the EJB
Wizard are covered. 12. Packaging and Deploying F1 Help Information
about the Business Components Deployment Wizard, Application Server
Connection Wizard, deployment profile settings, J2EE Client
(application-client.xml) and Web Module (web.xml) deployment
descriptors, OC4J EJB deployment descriptors (orion-ejb-jar.xml),
deployment preferences, preview deployment, and all
deployment-related dialogs and windows are covered. 13. SQL in Java
Programs F1 Help Information about SQLJ class, project properties,
and viewer dialogs and windows are covered. 14. Source Control F1
Help Information about Oracle9i SCM Merge Wizard, ClearCase, CVS,
Oracle9i SCM Connection Wizard, Oracle9i SCM Workarea Wizard, and
related dialogs and windows are covered. 15. Web Services F1 Help
Information about Web Service Stub/Skeleton Wizard, Web Service
Publishing Wizard, and SOAP Server Connection Wizard are covered.
16. WebDAV F1 Help Information about WebDAV connection, locks, and
other related dialogs and windows are covered.
x
Welcome to JDeveloper - Overviewq
Welcome to Oracle9i JDeveloper r Copyright and Other Legal
Noticesr
Contact Us How to Use the Online Help s Help Navigator
Windows
r
Help System Menus
r
JDeveloper Accessibility Information Navigating JDeveloper with
Keystrokes Ways to Migrate Projects to Oracle9i JDeveloper s
Migrating JDeveloper 3.2.x Projects to Oracle9i JDeveloper s
Importing JDeveloper 3.2.x Connections and Files into Oracle9i
JDevelopers
r
r
Updating JDeveloper 3.2.x Business Components Projects for
Oracle9i JDeveloper Migrating XSQL Projects from JDeveloper 3.2.x
to Oracle9i JDeveloper Creating Oracle9i JDeveloper Deployment
Profiles for Migrated JDeveloper 3.2.x Projects
s
s
s
Migrating Oracle9i JDeveloper Beta Projects to Oracle9i
JDeveloper Production s Updating Oracle9i JDeveloper Beta JSP
Projects Migrating Oracle9i JDeveloper Release Candidate Projects
to Oracle9i JDeveloper Production s About Changes to CMT Service
Beans Migrating Projects Between Different Installations of
Oracle9i JDeveloper
s
s
1-1
Welcome to Oracle9i JDeveloper!Oracle9i JDeveloper is a J2EE
development environment with end-to-end support for developing,
debugging, and deploying e-business applications. JDeveloper
empowers users with highly productive tools, such as the industry's
fastest Java debugger, a new profiler, and the innovative CodeCoach
tool for code performance analysis and improvement. To take J2EE
application development to a higher level of productivity,
JDeveloper offers Business Components for Java (BC4J), a
standards-based, server-side framework for creating scalable,
high-performance Internet applications. The framework provides
design-time facilities and runtime services to drastically simplify
the task of building and reusing business logic. For more
information, please see any of the following:q
New Features in Oracle9i JDeveloper Ways to Migrate Projects to
Oracle9i JDeveloper How to Use the Online Help JDeveloper9i
Tutorials Copyright and Other Legal Notices Contact Us
q
q
q
q
q
Additional information is available at the Oracle Technology
Network (OTN) OTN is your free definitive source for Oracle
technical information on developing for the Internet platform. You
will be part of an online community with access to free software
(including JDeveloper addins), OTN-sponsored Internet developer
conferences, and discussion groups on up-to-date Oracle technology.
If you are not already a member, please sign up for a free
membership at http://otn.oracle.com/free/ The most recent
information regarding Oracle9i JDeveloper, including whitepapers,
addins, and product updates, is available at OTN at
http://otn.oracle.com/products/jdev/
1-2
Copyright and Other Legal NoticesCopyright Notice "Copyright
1997, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved." "Copyright
1999, 2000 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.
This product includes software developed by the Apache Software
Foundation (http://www.apache.org). SOAP is provided "AS IS". "
"Copyright 2000 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights
reserved. This product includes software developed by the Apache
Software Foundation (http://www.apache.org). BATIK is provided "AS
IS". " "Portions of this software and documentation copyright
2001Three D Graphics." License Restrictions & Warranty
Disclaimer "The Programs (which include both the software and
documentation) contain proprietary information of Oracle
Corporation; they are provided under a license agreement containing
restrictions on use and disclosure and are also protected by
copyright, patent and other intellectual and industrial property
laws. Reverse engineering, disassembly or decompilation of the
Programs, except to the extent required to obtain interoperability
with other independently created software or as specified by law,
is prohibited. The information contained in this document is
subject to change without notice. If you find any problems in the
documentation, please report them to us in writing. Oracle
Corporation does not warrant that this document is error free.
Except as may be expressly permitted in your license agreement for
these Programs, no part of these Programs may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
for any purpose, without the express written permission of Oracle
Corporation." Restricted Rights Notice
"If the Programs are delivered to the US Government or anyone
licensing or using the Programs on behalf of the US Government, the
following notice is applicable:" "RESTRICTED RIGHTS NOTICE Programs
delivered subject to the DOD FAR Supplement are 'commercial
computer software' and use, duplication and disclosure of the
Programs including documentation, shall be subject to the licensing
restrictions set forth in the applicable Oracle license agreement.
Otherwise, Programs delivered subject to the Federal Acquisition
Regulations are 'restricted computer software' and use,
duplication, and disclosure of the Programs shall be subject to the
restrictions in FAR 52.227-19, Commercial Computer Software -
Restricted Rights (June, 1987). Oracle Corporation, 500 Oracle
Parkway, Redwood City, CA 94065."
Hazardous Applications 1-3
"The Programs are not intended for use in any nuclear, aviation,
mass transit, medical, or other inherently dangerous applications.
It shall be licensee's responsibility to take all appropriate
fail-safe, back up, redundancy and other measures to ensure the
safe use of such applications if the Programs are used for such
purposes, and Oracle Corporation disclaims liability for any
damages caused by such use of the Programs."
Trademark Notice "Oracle, Oracle9i, Oracle8i, PL/SQL, and
JInitiator are trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle
Corporation. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners." Documentation Accessibility Our goal is to make Oracle
products, services, and supporting documentation accessible, with
good usability, to the disabled community. To that end, our
documentation includes features that make information available to
users of assistive technology. This documentation is available in
HTML format, and contains markup to facilitate access by the
disabled community. Standards will continue to evolve over time,
and Oracle Corporation is actively engaged with other
market-leading technology vendors to address technical obstacles so
that our documentation can be accessible to all of our customers.
For additional information, visit the Oracle Accessibility Program
Web site at http://www.oracle.com/accessibility/. Accessibility of
Code Examples in Documentation JAWS, a Windows screen reader, may
not always correctly read the code examples in this document. The
conventions for writing code require that closing braces should
appear on an otherwise empty line; however, JAWS may not always
read a line of text that consists solely of a bracket or brace.
Accessibility of Links to External Web Sites in Documentation This
documentation may contain links to Web sites of other companies or
organizations that Oracle Corporation does not own or control.
Oracle Corporation neither evaluates nor makes any representations
regarding the accessibility of these Web sites. UIX Tag Libraries
Oracle has provided certain Java class definitions within the UIX
tag library in JDeveloper which may be used in accordance with the
Oracle program license that accompanied JDeveloper ("Java
Classes"). The Java Classes may be modified in future releases of
JDeveloper, and future versions of the Java Classes may not be
backwardly compatible.
1-4
Contact UsOracle Corporation welcomes your comments and
suggestions on the quality and usefulness of the Oracle9i
JDeveloper Beta online documentation. Your input is an important
part of the information used for revisions. We would like to know:q
q q q q
Did you find any errors? Is the information clearly presented?
Do you need more information? If so, where? Are the examples
correct? Do you need more examples? What features did you like most
about the guides?
You can send your comments by email at [email protected] In
your email, please indicate the following information:q q
Topic title (for example, "Starting JDeveloper") Table of
contents path (for example, "Working with
JDeveloper/Introduction")
If you have problems with the software, please contact Oracle
Support Services. Paste the following URL in your web browser:
www.oracle.com/support
1-5
How to Use the Online HelpThe online help viewer has two windows
and a menu bar: Navigator window Displays the table of contents,
index, and search panel, depending on which tab you select. Topic
window Displays the help topic that you select from the table of
contents. It is the window that contains the topic that you are
reading right now. Menus The menu commands available on the menu
bar will vary depending on which window you are viewing.
You can also use the online help in hosted or local mode. Hosted
mode allows you to read the documentation over the World Wide Web.
The default option is to use the Oracle Technology Network for
hosted documentation, but you can also host the documentation on a
local server. Instructions for setting up your own documentation
host are available in the installation guide. Note: We only suggest
using hosted documentation when you have a broadband connection.
When you start the help system in hosted mode, approximately 4 MB
of information must be downloaded before the help system will
start. Using hosted documentation 1. In JDeveloper, in the Tools
menu, select Preferences . 2. In the Preferences dialog, click
Documentation. 3. Click Use Hosted Documentation. By default, the
OTN host is selected, but you can set it ot any URL. If you need to
reset it to OTN, enter
http://otn.oracle.com/hosted_doc/jdev/jdeveloper/jdeveloper.hs
Using local documentation 1. In JDeveloper, in the Tools menu,
select Preferences . 2. In the Preferences dialog, click
Documentation. 3. Click Use Local Documentation. If you have a
default installation, you do not have to set1-6
the path to the local documentation.
1-7
Help Navigator WindowThe navigator window has three tabs:
Contents Displays a list of all books and topics in the online
help. To display a topic in the topic window, double-click a topic
title in the table of contents. If you want to open another topic
in a separate window, right click on the topic. Index Displays an
alphabetical list of index entries much like the index of a book.
To use the index, scroll through the index list and click on an
index entry, or type a word that is related to the topic you want
to view. A list of topics related to the word you select is
displayed in the lower pane of the window. Double click a topic in
the list to display its contents in the topic window. Search Allows
you to search for a specific word in the entire online help system.
Type a word related to the topic you want to view, and click the
Search button. A list of topics related to that word is displayed
in the lower pane of the window. Double click a topic in the list
to display its contents in the topic window.
The toolbar at the top of this window has buttons to:Display a
topic that you select in the table of contents, index, or search
list in the topic window. Display a topic that you select in the
table of contents, index, or search list in a new topic window.
Launch the search window.
1-8
Help System MenusThe help system menus have the following
functions:File Display Display in New Window Print Tree Print Topic
Print Topics Close Exit Comments Enabled when a topic is selected
in the tree; displays the topic in the docked topic window.
Keyboard: Enter Enabled when a topic is selected in the tree;
displays the topic in a new topic window. Keyboard: Ctrl N Prints
the contents tree as it currently appears. Keyboard: Ctrl X Prints
the topic in the docked topic window. Keyboard: Ctrl P Prints the
selected topic and all the topics contained within it in the table
of contents. Closes the current window Closes the help system
viewer.
View Contents Index Go Back
Comments Switches the view of the Navigator to the Contents page
Switches the view of the Navigator to the Index page Comments
Enabled when a second topic is displayed in the docked topic
window; disabled when the user goes back to the first topic Enabled
when a user goes back to a previous topic; stays enabled if the
user continues to go back to previous topics; disabled if the user
goes forward to the newest topic Comments Displays the Navigator;
when the Navigator is already running, choosing Navigator brings it
to the front Undocks the topic window and the Navigator, returning
them to their default states Enabled when the topic window and the
Navigator are undocked Comments Displays the About JDeveloper
dialog box
Forward
Tools Navigator Undock Dock Help About
1-9
JDeveloper Accessibility InformationIt is our goal to make
Oracle Products, Services, and supporting documentation accessible
to the disabled community. JDeveloper supports accessibility
features. To make the best use of our accessibility features,
Oracle Corporation recommends the following software
configuration:q q q q q
Windows NT 4.0 (with Service Pack 6) or Windows 2000 Sun Java
Access Bridge 1.0.2 JAWS 3.70.87 Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.5
JDK 1.3.1
For additional accessibility information for Oracle products,
paste the following URL in your web browser:
www.oracle.com/accessibility For the latest configuration
information or for information on addressing accessibility and
assistive technology issues, see the Oracle Accessibility FAQ at:
www.oracle.com/accessibility/faq.html This help topic includes the
following information that pertains to JDeveloper
accessibility:q
Using a Screen Reader and Java Access Bridge with JDeveloper
JDeveloper Features that Support Accessibility Recommendations for
Customizing JDeveloper Highly Visual Features of JDeveloper
q
q
q
Using a Screen Reader and Java Access Bridge with JDeveloperIn
order for assistive technologies, like screen readers, to work with
Java-based applications and applets, the Windows-based computer
must also have Sun's Java Access Bridge installed, as described
below. Please refer to the Oracle9i Developer Suite Installation
Guide found in the root directory on the Oracle9i Developer Suite
CD, in /doc/core902/install/toc.htm for information about
installing Oracle9iDS. Please refer to the Preface in the
documentation found on the1-10
Oracle9iDS CD, in /doc/core902/install/pref.htm for additional
information about accessibility.Please refer to the following
information to set up a screen reader and Java Access Bridge.
1. Install the screen reader, if it is not already installed.
Refer to the documentation for your screen reader for more
information about installation. 2. Install JDeveloper. Refer to the
Installation Guide found in /doc/core902/install/toc.htm for more
information about JDeveloper installation. 3. Download Java Access
Bridge 1.0.2. The file you will download is accessbridge1_0_2.zip.
It is available from
http://java.sun.com/products/accessbridge">http://java.sun.com/products/accessbridge.
Refer to the Java Access Bridge documentation available from this
web site for more information about installation and the Java
Access Bridge. 4. After downloading the file, extract the contents
to a folder; for example, accessbridge_home. 5. Install Java Access
Bridge by running Install.exe from the \installer folder. 6.
Confirm that you want to install the Java Access Bridge into each
of the Java virtual machines displayed in the dialog. Click OK when
you see the Installation Completed message. 7. Confirm that two jar
files: access-bridge.jar and jaccess-1_3.jar were added to the
folder \jdk\jre\lib\ext during the install. If necessary, copy them
from \installer\installerFiles to \jdk\jre\lib\ext. 8. Confirm that
two DLL files: JavaAccessBridge.dll and WindowsAccessBridge.dll
were added to the folder \jdk\jre\lib\ext. If necessary, copy them
from \installer\installerFiles to \jdk\jre\lib\ext. 9. Add the
files listed above, JavaAccessBridge.dll and
WindowsAccessBridge.dll, to the Winnt\System32 directory, as they
must be in the system path in order to work with
JDeveloper.1-11
10. Confirm that the PATH environment variable has been updated
to include the directory where the DLL files were installed,
\jdk\jre\lib\ext. 11. Confirm that the file
\jdk\jre\lib\accessibility.properties includes the following line:
assistive_technologies=com.sun.java.accessibility.AccessBridge If
necessary, copy the file accessibility.properties from
\installer\installerFiles to \jdk\jre\lib. 12. Modify the file
jdev.conf located in the folder \jdev\bin to uncomment the
AddVMOption line as shown below: # # Prepend patches to the
bootclasspath. Currently, rtpatch.jar contains a # patch that fixes
the javax.swing.JTree accessibility problems. # Uncomment the line
below if you need to run JDeveloper under JAWS. # AddVMOption
-Xbootclasspath/p:../../jdk/jre/lib/patches/rtpatch.jar 13. It is
also necessary to use Hotspot instead of OJVM to run JDeveloper. To
do this, set the SetJavaVM line in the jdev.conf file as follows:
SetJavaVM hotspot 14. Start your screen reader. 15. Start
JDeveloper by running the file jdev.exe located in the folder
\jdev\bin.
The steps above assume you are running Windows and using a
Windows-based screen reader. A console window that contains error
information (if any) will open first and then the main JDeveloper
window will appear, once JDeveloper has started.
JDeveloper Features that Support AccessibilityThe following
features in JDeveloper are designed to support accessibility:q
Keyboard Access
1-12
q
Screen Reader Readability Flexibility in Font and Color Choices
No Audio Only Feedback No Dependency on Blinking Cursor and
Animation Screen Magnifier Usability
q
q
q
q
Keyboard AccessJDeveloper features support keyboard access to
JDeveloper functionality; a summary is provided below. The mnemonic
keys used to open menus and choose commands are included in all
procedural topics. Please refer to the following topics for a
summary of how keys are assigned within JDeveloper and the lists of
accelerator keys provided for commands:q
Navigating JDeveloper with Keystrokes Default Keymapping Classic
Keymapping Emacs Keymapping Virtual C++ Keymapping
q
q
q
q
The following menu and toolbar functionality is provided through
keyboard access:q q q q q
Users can navigate to and invoke all menu items All toolbar
functions are accessible through menu items, including the
Navigator toolbar All menus and menu items have unique and
functioning mnemonic keys All context menus within the Navigator
and Code Editor can be invoked Frequently used menu items have
unique and functioning accelerator keys
The following functionality is available in JDeveloper IDE
windows, which include the Navigator, Structure Pane, Code Editor,
Property Inspector, Constraints, Profilers, Debugger windows, Help
windows, Log window and BC4J Tester. Users can:q
Navigate between all open windows, to all nodes within a window
or pane, and between tabs in a window Set focus in a window or
pane1-13
q
q q q q
Invoke all controls within a window or pane, and perform basic
operations Navigate and update properties in the Property Inspector
Use Code Insight and Code Templates in the Code Editor Invoke
context sensitive help topics, navigate to and open all help
topics, and navigate between the Contents, Index and Search tabs
Open, close, dock, undock, minimize, restore and maximize the
applicable JDeveloper window
q
The following functionality is available in JDeveloper dialogs
and wizards:q q q
Users can navigate to and invoke all controls within all wizards
and dialogs The order in which the Tab key causes focus to flow is
consistent and logical Mnemonic keys are provided for controls
where appropriate
Navigation and controls are available with runtime applications,
which include all runnable files that are produced with JDeveloper,
including Java applications, HTML applications, applets, JSPs,
Servlets, BC4J applications and JClient applications. With runtime
applications, users can:q q
Navigate to all controls within all runtime applications Invoke
all controls within all runtime applications
Screen Reader ReadabilityHere is a summary of JDeveloper's
screen readability, when it is used with a screen reader. When used
with menus and toolbars:q q q
All menus and menu items are read All toolbar items, including
the Navigator toolbar items, are read The hint text on all Toolbar
items is read
When used with JDeveloper IDE windows:q
All open windows are read
1-14
q q
All components within each window, including tabs, are read
Status text at the bottom of the JDeveloper IDE, and within the
Code Editor, is read
When used with dialogs and wizards:q q
All controls within all wizards and dialogs are read Hint text
is read
When used with runtime applications:q
All controls within all runtime applications are read
Reading Text in a Multi-line Edit Field To have the text in a
multi-line edit field read by a screen reader, you can select text
by holding down the Shift key while moving the cursor either up or
down with the Arrow keys, depending on the initial cursor position.
For example, on the View Object reentrant wizard Query panel, the
cursor is initially positioned at the end of the SQL statement, and
you will need to use the Up Arrow key to select the text to be
read
Flexibility in Font and Color ChoicesThe user interface in
JDeveloper improves usability for people who are visually impaired
by offering flexibility in color and font choices. The following
font and color features are included:q q q
Users can specify both the font and the size in which the font
displays for editors All features of the product have black text on
a white or gray background Colored text, underlining or images are
never used as the only method of conveying information
No Audio Only FeedbackIn JDeveloper, there is no situation in
which the only feedback a user receives is audible feedback. All
audible feedback is accompanied by a visual indicator. For example,
a prompt accompanies the bell sound that occurs when an error or
illegal action has taken place.
No Dependency on Blinking Cursor and Animation1-15
JDeveloper makes minimal use of a blinking cursor and
animation:q
No features in JDeveloper use blinking indicators, with the
exception of the cursor in the Code Editor No features rely on
animated sequences
q
Screen Magnifier UsabilityThe JDeveloper user interface works
well with screen magnifiers. All features of the product can be
magnified by a screen magnifier.
Recommendations for Customizing JDeveloperJDeveloper provides a
number of customization features that enable users to specify their
requirements for keyboard usage, display attributes of the IDE, and
timing where appropriate. All customization features are organized
within the Preferences dialog. For maximum usability and to
accommodate your needs, you should consider changing any of the
following from the defaults to a more usable customized
setting.q
Accelerators specified for menus, commands and actions Look and
Feel of the IDE Font size and colors in editors Colors used for
syntax highlighting in editors Display of line numbers in editors
Timing that determines when Code Insight is invoked Column layout
and types of information in the Debugger
q
q
q
q
q
q
Customizing the Accelerators KeysYou can add and change the
default accelerator keys for JDeveloper in the Tools | Preferences
| Accelerators panel. You can also load preset keymaps that you are
accustomed to using. Please refer to the following topics for the
procedure to modify the accelerator keys:q
Defining Custom Accelerators for the IDE Loading Preset Keymaps
for the IDE
q
1-16
Changing the Look and Feel of the IDEYou can change the default
look and feel for JDeveloper in the Tools | Preferences |
Environment panel. The look and feel determines the display colors
and shapes of objects like menus and buttons. Please refer to the
following topic for the procedure to change the look and feel of
the IDE:q
Changing the Look and Feel of the IDE
Customizing the Fonts in EditorsYou can change the font and font
size that displays is editors in the Tools | Preferences | Editor |
Fonts panel. Please refer to the following topic for the procedure
to customize the fonts in editors:q
Setting Fonts for the Code Editor
Customizing the Syntax HighlightingYou can change the font
style, as well as the foreground and background colors used in
syntax highlighting within the code editor in the Tools |
Preferences | Editor | Syntax Colors panel. Please refer to the
following topic for the procedure to customize the syntax
highlighting:q
Defining Syntax Highlighting for the Code Editor
Displaying Line Numbers in EditorsYou can display or hide line
numbers in the Code Editor in the Tools | Preferences | Editor |
Display panel. Please refer to the following topic for the
procedure to display line numbers:q
Setting Display Options for the Code Editor
Changing the Timing for Code InsightYou can specify the number
of seconds that Code Insight is delayed, or disable Code Insight in
the Tools | Preferences | Editor | Code Insight panel. Please refer
to the following topic for the1-17
procedure to change Code Insight defaults:q
Customizing Code Insight Options for the Code Editor
Specifying the Columns in the DebuggerYou can choose the columns
and types of information that display in the Debugger in the Tools
| Preferences | Debugger panels. Please refer to the following
topic for the procedure to change Debugger options:q
Setting Preferences for the Debugger Windows
Highly Visual Features of JDeveloperJDeveloper includes two
features that are highly visual, and these features have equivalent
functionality that is available to people who are blind or visually
impaired:q
The UI Editor. The Code Editor provides equivalent
functionality, as the UI can be completely designed and coded in
the Code Editor. The Component Palette. The Code Editor provides
equivalent functionality, as elements and tags that can be selected
from the Component Palette can also be entered in the Code
Editor.
q
JDeveloper also includes two features that are entirely visual,
and these features do not have equivalent functionality that is
available to people who are blind or visually impaired. They also
do not provide keyboard access. However, many properties of
existing model elements can be set using dialogs, which are
accessible from the Navigator.q q
The Class Modeler The Activity Modeler
1-18
Navigating JDeveloper with KeystrokesYou can accomplish any task
in JDeveloper using the keyboard as you can using the mouse. The
accelerators defined in the Java Look and Feel guidelines (listed
at http://java.sun.com/products/jlf/ed1/dg/appendix.htm) provide
the base set for JDeveloper. The various keymappings available in
JDeveloper are then overlaid upon this base set. If the same
accelerator exists in both the Look and Feel guidelines and the
JDeveloper keymap, the JDeveloper keymap prevails. If an
accelerator defined by the Look and Feel guidelines does not appear
in a JDeveloper keymap, then it is the original Look and Feel
definition that remains in effect when the keymap in question is
enabled. At any given time, then, the accelerators enabled in
JDeveloper depend upon the interaction of the currently enabled
keymap with the Java Look and Feel guidelines. When you first open
JDeveloper, the default keymap is enabled. You can change this
keymap whenever you wish, and within each keymap, you can customize
any of the accelerator assignments that you would like. Note that
any customized accelerators you create in a keymap are not retained
when another preexisting keymap is activated (or even if the same
keymap is reloaded). To load preexisting keymaps, view current
accelerator assignments within a keymap, and customize those
assignments, you will need to open the Preferences dialog. To open
the dialog, choose Tools | Preferences (or on the keyboard, press
Alt+T+P) from the main menu and then, using the arrow keys in the
lefthand pane, navigate to the Accelerators node. For details on
working with the dialog, with the Accelerators page displayed,
click Help (or on the keyboard press H).
Related topics Working with Keymaps in the IDE Classic
Keymapping Default Keymapping Default CDE Keymapping Default KDE2
Keymapping Emacs Keymapping Visual C++ Keymapping
1-19
Ways to Migrate Projects to Oracle9i JDeveloperThese topics
contain procedures for migrating projects to Oracle9i JDeveloper
from other versions and installations of JDeveloper.q
Migrating JDeveloper 3.2.x Projects to Oracle9i JDeveloper
Migrating Oracle9i JDeveloper Beta Projects to Oracle9i JDeveloper
Production Migrating Oracle9i JDeveloper Release Candidate Projects
to Oracle9i JDeveloper Production Migrating Projects Between
Different Installations of Oracle9i JDeveloper
q
q
q
1-20
Migrating JDeveloper 3.2.x Projects to Oracle9i JDeveloperNote:
If you have Enterprise JavaBeans you want to migrate from
JDeveloper 3.2.3 to Oracle9i JDeveloper, see Migrating EJBs from
3.2.3 to 9i. Note: If you are migrating a DAC application, see
About JClient Compatibility with DAC. Note: If you are migrating
from JDeveloper 3.2.x on Windows NT to Oracle9i JDeveloper on
Solaris, you must first migrate to Oracle9i JDeveloper on Windows
NT and then migrate to Solaris. Otherwise, you can import
JDeveloper 3.2.x projects into Oracle9i JDeveloper by following
these steps.To migrate JDeveloper 3.2.x projects to Oracle9i
JDeveloper:
1. Import JDeveloper 3.2.x connections and source files into
Oracle9i JDeveloper. 2. Redefine any libraries you created in
JDeveloper 3.2.x. 3. Update business components projects. 4. If you
use JSPs with business components datatags, find all instances of
the tag. Make sure the id attribute of this tag contains no
periods, and change it if it does. For example, you could change to
5. If you have to change any tag id attributes, change the appid
attributes of tags to match. 6. If you use a business components
JSP with the tag, be aware that the functionality of this tag has
changed. See About Changes to the RowsetNavigate Tag for more
information. 7. If you use interMedia domains, change calls of the
form1-21
domain.getLoader().setFileName(name); to
domain.setContentSource(new OrdFileSource(name)); 8. Update XSQL
projects. 9. If you use XML Messaging with Advanced Queuing, be
aware that the AQ API has changed. See About Changes to the AQ API
for more details. 10. If your project uses servlets (not including
Business Components JSPs), add the Servlet RT or JSP RT library.
11. Test your projects. If you receive a JBO-26061: Error while
opening JDBC connection and/or a JBO-30003: Error (failed to check
out an application module), make sure your connection has Deploy
Password selected in the connection wizard. 12. Recreate deployment
profiles for your projects.
1-22
Importing JDeveloper 3.2.x Connections and Files into Oracle9i
JDeveloper1. Open JDeveloper 3.2.x. 2. Choose Tools | Connections
to open the Connections Manager. 3. Click Export to open the Export
Connection Descriptors dialog. Export all the connections used by
your project. If you need further assistance with this dialog,
click Help. 4. Open your project. 5. Close all source views
displaying source code from your project. 6. Choose File | Save
All. 7. Choose Project | Project Properties. 8. Note the source
directories (in the Source Root Directories field) and the HTML
root (in the HTML Root Directory field). 9. Close JDeveloper 3.2.x.
10. Copy the source root directories and HTML root directory (from
step 8) into your Oracle9i JDeveloper environment. Note: It is
important to preserve the relative path from the source root
directories to the HTML root. For example, suppose your source root
directory is /oracle/JDev3.2.3/work/myprojects and your HTML root
is /oracle/JDev3.2.3/html/myhtml. The relative path from the source
root directory to the HTML root is ../../html/myhtml. Therefore, if
you copy the source root directory to
/oracle/JDev9i/importedsource, you must copy the HTML root
directory to /oracle/html/myhtml to preserve this relative path.
11. If your projects reference any files outside of these
directories, those files may need to be copied so that they have
the same relative path to your source root directory. 12. Open
Oracle9i JDeveloper. 13. In the Navigator, expand the Connections
node. 14. Right-click the Database node and choose Import
Connections. 15. In the Import Connection Descriptors dialog, click
Browse. 16. Locate your JDeveloper 3.2.x connections in /bin. 17.
Select the connections you want to import, and click OK. 18. Choose
File | Open.1-23
19. Browse to /myprojects and open your workspace.
1-24
Updating JDeveloper 3.2.x Business Components Projects for
Oracle9i JDeveloperBefore you complete this procedure, make sure
you have imported your connections and source files into Oracle9i
JDeveloper.To update business components projects for Oracle9i
JDeveloper:
1. If you get a ClassCastException at runtime in your migrated
project, you may have to make changes to your code.
SequenceImpl.getData() is no longer castable to an Integer.
Instead, you must cast it to a Long. 2. If you used dollar signs in
your classnames, JDeveloper will confuse them with inner classes.
For example, JDeveloper will confuse a class named Dom$Currency
with an inner class Currency inside the class Dom. If you have
dollar signs in your class names, change them. Section 3.8 of the
Java Language Specification says that dollar signs are allowed in
class names but recommends that they be used only in
machine-generated code. Because the Java compiler uses the dollar
sign in the machine-generated class files it produces to represent
inner classes, using dollar signs in your own application class
files is not advisable. 3. If your project uses the JBO Runtime
library and the XML Parser Version 2 library, remove the XML Parser
Version 2 Library. The XML Parser Version 2 library has been merged
into the JBO Runtime library, and leaving both on your classpath
could cause conflicts. 4. Choose Project | Build. 5. Create a
deployment profile for your business components and deploy.
1-25
Migrating XSQL Projects from JDeveloper 3.2.x to Oracle9i
JDeveloper1. Add the XML SQL Utility library to your project. 2. In
the Navigator, select XSQLconfig.xml. 3. Choose File | Remove from
IDE. 4. In your file system, copy /jdev/system/XSQLConfig.xml to
your project source directory in Oracle9i JDeveloper. 5. Choose
File | Open. 6. Navigate to the new copy of XSQLConfig.xml. 7.
Select XSQLConfig.xml and click Open. 8. Add any specific code you
added to XSQLConfig.xml in JDeveloper 3.2.x.
1-26
Creating Oracle9i JDeveloper Deployment Profiles for Migrated
JDeveloper 3.2.x ProjectsOracle9i JDeveloper deployment profiles
are different from JDeveloper 3.2.x profiles. The following table
indicates the best migration choice for JDeveloper 3.2.x profiles.
Note: Oracle9i JDeveloper will automatically create deployment
profiles for web applications.JDeveloper 3.2.x Deployment Profile
Corresponding Oracle9i JDeveloper Deployment Profile
Classes and Stored Procedures to Oracle8i Stored Procedures Java
Classes to Oracle8i Web application CORBA Object to Oracle8i CORBA
Object to VisiBroker Loadjava Oracle9i JDeveloper will
automatically create a deployment profile. Not supported, but see
Deploying a CORBA Server Object to VisiBroker CORBA Object to
VisiBroker Not supported, but see Creating and Deploying a J2EE EJB
Module to OC4J or Creating and Deploying a J2EE EJB Module to
WebLogic. You can also manually deploy to any J2EEcompliant EJB
server. Simple archive
EJB to Oracle8i
Simple archive
1-27
Migrating Oracle9i JDeveloper Beta Projects to Oracle9i
JDeveloper Production1. If your project contains XSQL pages, remove
these pages from the project in Oracle9i JDeveloper Beta by
choosing File | Remove from IDE. You will add these files back in
later. Attempting to directly migrate XSQL files from the Beta to
the Production release can cause JDeveloper to hang. 2. Follow the
instructions for migrating between installations of Oracle9i
JDeveloper. 3. If your project contained XSQL files:r r r r
In Oracle9i JDeveloper Production, in the Navigator, select your
project node. Choose File | Open. Navigate to the location of your
XSQL files. Select your XSQL files and click Open.
4. If you are migrating a Business Components JSP application,
update your JSP projects.
1-28
Updating Oracle9i JDeveloper Beta JSP Projects for Oracle9i
JDeveloper Production ReleaseJSP projects that use business
components data tags or component tags need to be updated before
they will work in Oracle9i JDeveloper Production Release.To update
JSP projects:
1. Replace /public.html/Web-inf/lib/datatags.jar with
/bc4j/lib/datatags.jar. 2. If you use tags, replace them with tags.
3. If you use tags, replace them with tags. 4. If you use tags,
check to see if they have a target attribute. If so, replace this
attribute with ViewObject="VO", where VO is the name of your target
view object. 5. If you use component tags: r Copy
/multi/system/templates/common/tagcomp/*.jsp to /public.html.r
Add a tag to every page that uses component tags. This tag
should specify the view object to be used as a datasource. If your
component tags have the attributes appid and viewobject, remove
these attributes and replace them with datasource="DS", where DS is
the name of the datasource created in the tag above.
r
6. If you use any data tags that have a TargetUrl attribute, add
a tag to each JSP called as a TargetURL. For example, if foo.jsp
contains a tag with attribute TargetURL="bar.jsp", you should add a
tag to bar.jsp.
1-29
Migrating Oracle9i JDeveloper Release Candidate Projects to
Oracle9i JDeveloper Production1. Follow the instructions for
migrating between installations of Oracle9i JDeveloper. 2. If you
use business components deployed as CMT Service beans, be aware
that the functionality of
oracle.jbo.server.ejb.sb.ContainerManagedServiceBean has changed.
See About Changes to CMT Service Beans for more information.
1-30
About Changes to CMT Service BeansThe implementation of business
components service beans with container-managed transactions has
changed since the Oracle9i JDeveloper Release Candidate. These
changes only affect business components deployed as service beans
with container-managed transactions. They do not affect application
module session beans (either CMT or BMT), and they do not affect
BMT service beans.q
When you end a transaction (by calling UserTransaction.commit()
or UserTransaction.rollback()), the database connection is
automatically dropped. If you do not want this behavior, override
disconnectFromDataSource() with an empty method in your generated
service bean class (Server.java): protected void
disconnectFromDataSource() { }
q
When you create your service bean, you must pass the name of the
datasource into ContainerManagedServiceBean.useDataSource(). You
can now use the method
ContainerManagedServiceBean.connectToDataSource() to connect to
your datasource at any time. You can now use the method
ContainerManagedServiceBean.postChanges() to post changes to the
database at any time.
q
q
Related Topics About Business Components Service Beans About
Container-Managed and Bean-Managed Transactions Using
Client-Demarcated Transactions
1-31
Migrating Projects Between Different Installations of Oracle9i
JDeveloper1. Open the source installation of Oracle9i JDeveloper.
2. Export your database connections. 3. Close all source views. 4.
Close the source installation. 5. Copy /mywork to /mywork. 6. If
your projects reference any files outside the mywork directory,
those files may need to be copied so that they have the same
relative path to /mywork as they had to /mywork. For example, if
your projects reference a file in /.., this file must be copied to
/... 7. Copy the following files from /system to /system:
jbo.properties libraries.xml server.properties XSQLConfig.xml 8.
Open the destination installation of Oracle9i JDeveloper. 9. Import
and test your database connections.
1-32
Getting Started with JDeveloperq
Getting Started with JDeveloper r Starting a New Programming
Projectr
About JDeveloper s About Workspacess s s s s s s s s s
About Projects About Project Paths About Setting Project
Properties About Packages About Libraries About J2SEs About Layouts
About Connections About Code Insight About Browse Symbol
r
Managing Your Work Using Workspaces and Projects s Creating a
New Workspaces s s s s s s
Creating a New Project Creating a New Empty Class Opening an
Existing Workspace or Project Importing Existing Files into a New
JDeveloper Project Adding Existing Files to an Existing Project
Setting Default Project Properties Setting Properties for
Individual Projects s Setting the Java Source Paths for a Projects
s s
Setting the HTML Document Root for a Project Setting the Output
Path for a Project Setting the Classpath for a Project s Including
Libraries in a Projects
Removing or Deleting Libraries from a Project2-1
s
Setting Additional Classpath Values for a Project
s s
Setting the Target JDK for a Project Setting Project
Configurations s Creating a New Project Configurations s s
Renaming a Project Configuration Changing the Active Project
Configuration Deleting a Project Configuration
s s s s s s s s s s s
Browsing Files Through JDeveloper Inspecting the Contents of an
Archive in JDeveloper Viewing an Image File in JDeveloper Saving a
Workspace or Project Saving a File Relocating a Workspace or
Project Unloading a Workspace, Project, or Other File from Memory
Removing a File from a Project Removing a Project from a Workspace
Removing a Workspace Permanently Deleting a Workspace, Project, or
Other File
r
Editing Source Code s Editing Source Code in JDevelopers s s
Editing Source Code with an External Editor Editing Classes
Visually with the Class Editor Managing Editor Windows with the
Document Bar
r
Designing the User Interface for a Java Project Common
Programming Practices in JDeveloper s Implementing a Java
Interfaces s
r
Overriding Methods in a Superclass Moving or Renaming Java
Classes
2-2
r
Configuring Database Connections s Defining Database
Connectionss s s s s
Editing Database Connections Exporting Database Connections
Importing Database Connections Opening and Closing Database
Connections Deleting Database Connections
r
Printing Source Files Customizing the IDE s Changing the Look
and Feel of the IDEs
r
Arranging Windows in the IDE s Docking Windows in the IDEs s
Floating Windows in the IDE Hiding and Reopening Windows in the
IDE
s
Working with Navigators in the IDE s Creating a New Navigators s
s
Changing Views in the Navigator Docking and Undocking Navigators
Opening and Closing Navigators
s
Working with Layouts in the IDE s Defining Custom Layoutss s s
s
Activating Defined Layouts Disabling Editor Layout Preferences
Renaming Layouts Removing Layouts
s
Customizing the Component Palette s Adding a Page to the
Palettes s s
Adding a Component to the Palette Removing a Page from the
Palette Removing a Component from the Palette2-3
s
Customizing the IDE Environment s Customizing the General
Environment for the IDEs
Working with Keymaps in the IDE s Loading Preset Keymaps for the
IDEs s
Viewing Current Accelerator Assignments in Keymaps Defining
Custom Accelerators for Keymaps
s
Customizing the Code Editor Environment s Setting Tabs for the
Code Editors s s s s s s
Setting Scrolling Options for the Code Editor Setting Display
Options for the Code Editor Setting Fonts for the Code Editor
Defining Syntax Highlighting for the Code Editor Customizing Code
Insight Options for the Code Editor Defining Undo Behavior for the
Code Editor Defining Code Completion Templates for the Code
Editor
r
Related Reference Topics s Classic Keymappings s s s s s s
Default Keymapping Default CDE Keymapping Default KDE2
Keymapping Emacs Keymapping Visual C ++ Keymapping Regular
Expressions JDeveloper's Connection Requirements for Oracle's Type
2 Drivers (OCI)
2-4
Getting Started with JDeveloperTo get started with JDeveloper,
you'll want to master certain basic tasks, tasks that are
fundamental to getting around in JDeveloper, and making it work for
you, no matter what sort of programming project you are
undertaking. Once you've mastered the basics, you'll be ready to
move onto more specific procedures. Or, if you already know how to
work with JDeveloper, use its opening topic to jump directly to the
specific support you need for individual projects.The topics here
are organized by task. If you are new to JDeveloper, or want a more
formalized and linear introduction to its capabilities, you
consider working through some of its tutorials as well.
Topic Title Starting a New Programming Project
Topic Description A supertopic. Provides links into the entire
helpset to get you the specific info you need, based on the project
you are developing, quickly. The potential starting point for all
your work.
About JDeveloper
A grouping of foundational conceptual topics to support
procedures central to getting started. These are topics designed to
be consulted on an asneeded basis or read through more thoroughly,
as best suits your needs. Everything you need to know to get
started with JDeveloper workspaces and projects. Creating them,
importing them, setting their properties, closing them, removing
them, deleting them. Editing source files in the Code Editor.
Editing source files simultaneously with an external editor and
JDeveloper's Code Editor. Editing classes using the Class Editor's
visual interface. Opening, closing, and moving through active
editor windows using the document bar. The springboard into topics
supporting the development of a Java UI.
Managing Your Work Using Workspaces and Projects
Editing Source Code
Designing the User Interface for a Java Project
2-5
Common Programming Practices in JDeveloper
Implementing a Java interface, overriding methods in a
superclass, moving and renaming Java classes. Defining, importing
and exporting, editing, opening, closing, and deleting database
connections. The title says it all. Changing the look and feel of
the UI, working with the System Navigator, creating custom
navigators, creating and working with layouts, customizing the
Component Palette, customizing the IDE, customizing the Code
Editor. A grouping of specific and diverse reference topics to
support various procedures, normally consulted on an as-needed
basis.
Configuring Database Connections
Printing Source Files Customizing the IDE
Related Reference
Related topics Tutorial: Building a Simple Java Application
2-6
Starting a New Programming ProjectRegardless of the type of
application you decide to create, you will need to use workspaces
and projects to manage your files. What you do from there depends
upon the type of program you are building. There are typically many
ways of accomplishing a given task in JDeveloper. Since this is an
overview, only a single approach is described. For more information
on individual procedures, see the documentation as noted. For more
information on any window, wizard, or dialog while working in
JDeveloper, press F1 for context-sensitive help. In this overview,
you will find the basics for accomplishing these tasks:q
Working with existing filesr
Importing existing files into a new project Working with files
from source control Working with files hosted on a WebDAV
server
r
r
q
Creating a new programming projectr
Creating a UML models s
Modeling activities and workflow Modeling Java classes or
Business Components
r
Creating J2EE Business Componentss s
Creating Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) Creating Business Components
for Java (BC4J)
r
Creating an empty class Defining a user interfaces s s s s s
r
Creating JavaServer Pages (JSP) Creating servlets Creating an
XSQL application Creating a UIX application Creating a Java
application Creating a Java applet2-7
Working with Existing FilesYou can import existing files of any
type from a variety of sources into a new project. If you want to
import files from source control or from a WebDAV server, you first
need to configure JDeveloper to work with your source control
system or your WebDAV server.
Importing Existing Files into a New ProjectIn JDeveloper, you
use workspaces and projects to organize the files you need for your
application. To effectively work with a file in JDeveloper, you
will want to add it to a project. Workspaces are used to manage one
or more projects. Therefore, if you have existing files you want to
use in JDeveloper, you will need to have a workspace and a
project.To create a new workspace:
1. Choose File | New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the
New Gallery, select Projects from the list of categories, and
double-click Workspace in the list of items. 3. In the New
Workspace dialog, enter the name and location of your new
workspace, and make sure the Add a New Empty Project checkbox is
not selected.
To import existing files into a new JDeveloper project:
1. Select the workspace in the Navigator, and then choose File |
New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the New Gallery, select
Projects from the list of categories, and double-click Project with
Existing Source in the list of items. 3. Follow the steps of the
wizard to create the project and locate the files you want to
import.
You can also import files into an existing JDeveloper project by
selecting the project in the Navigator and choosing Project | Add
to from the JDeveloper main menu. For more information, refer to
Managing Your Work Using Workspaces and Projects.
Working with Files from Source Control2-8
JDeveloper provides support for Oracle9i Software Configuration
Manager (SCM), Rational ClearCase, and Concurrent Versions System
(CVS). To work with files managed by one of these source control
systems, you simply need to configure JDeveloper to use your source
control system. JDeveloper also allows you to work with any other
source control system by writing your own source control addin.To
configure JDeveloper for your source control system:
1. Choose Tools | Preferences from the JDeveloper main menu, and
select the Source Control node in the Preferences dialog. 2. Select
your source control system and enter the required parameters.If you
are using Oracle9i SCM, the next step is to create a new SCM
connection:
1. Select Oracle9i SCM in the Connections node of the Navigator.
2. Right-click and choose New Connection from the context menu.
Follow the steps in the wizard to complete the connection.
JDeveloper is now configured to use source control. For more
information, refer to Using Source Control Support.
Working with Files Hosted on a WebDAV ServerWeb-based
Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV) is an extension to
HTTP which allows users to collaboratively edit and manage files on
WebDAV-enabled servers. You use WebDAV connections in JDeveloper to
work with files hosted on WebDAV servers in the same way as you
would work with files on the local file system. Important: Before
using WebDAV Connections in Oracle9i JDeveloper, you must first
install the WebDAV addin from the Oracle Technology Network
website. For more information, refer to the Oracle9i JDeveloper
Installation Guide for your operating system.To access a WebDAV
server outside of a firewall, you will first need to configure your
proxy server:
1. Choose Tools | Preferences from the JDeveloper main menu, and
select the Proxy Server node in the Preferences dialog. 2. Fill in
the details for your proxy server.
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To configure JDeveloper as a WebDAV client:
1. Choose File | New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the
New Gallery, select Connections from the list of categories, and
double-click WebDAV Connection in the list of items. 3. Follow the
steps in the wizard to complete the connection.
JDeveloper is now configured to access files on the
WebDAV-enabled server. For more information, refer to Using WebDAV
Support.
Creating a New Programming ProjectThere are many different
approaches you can take to coding and many types of programming
projects you can create in JDeveloper. This topic describes some of
the more typical uses of JDeveloper and how to get started with
various projects.
Creating a UML ModelJDeveloper supports the following types of
UML diagrams: activity modeling and class modeling.Modeling
Activities and Workflow
The Activity Modeler fully supports UML activity modeling,
allowing you to model a process usings states and flows. It also
has powerful features that enable you to integrate your
applications through asynchronous messaging. Once you've created a
new workspace and project, you can add an activity diagram to your
project and begin modeling.To create a new workspace and
project:
1. Choose File | New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the
New Gallery, select Projects from the list of categories, and
double-click Workspace in the list of items. 3. In the New
Workspace dialog, enter the name and location of your new
workspace, and make sure the Add a New Empty Project checkbox is
selected. 4. In the New Project dialog, enter the name and location
of your new project.
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To add an activity diagram to your new project:
1. Right-click the new project in the Navigator, and choose New
UML Diagram from the context menu. 2. In the New Gallery,
double-click Activity Diagram in the list of items. 3. In the
Create New Activity Diagram dialog, enter the detail for your new
diagram or accept the defaults and click OK.
You have now created an activity diagram. For more information,
refer to Modeling Activities.Modeling Java Classes or Business
Components
The Class Modeler allows you to create UML class diagrams for
Java classes and Oracle Business Components for Java. You can use
the Class Modeler to create models for new classes, or you can
reverse engineer a model from existing classes. A model can be
fully synchronized with code. Once you've created a workspace and
project, you can add a class diagram to your project and begin
modeling.To create a new workspace and project:
1. Choose File | New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the
New Gallery, select Projects from the list of categories, and
double-click Workspace in the list of items. 3. In the New
Workspace dialog, enter the name and location of your new
workspace, and make sure the Add a New Empty Project checkbox is
selected. 4. In the New Project dialog, enter the name and location
of your new project.To add a class diagram to your new project:
1. Right-click the new project in the Navigator, and choose New
UML Diagram from the context menu. 2. In the New Gallery,
double-click Class Diagram in the list of items. 3. In the Create
New Class Diagram dialog, enter the detail for your new diagram or
accept the defaults and click OK.
You have now created a class diagram. For more information,
refer to Modeling Java Classes.
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Creating J2EE Business ComponentsJDeveloper is a J2EE
development environment with end-to-end support for developing,
debugging, and deploying J2EE applications.Creating Enterprise
JavaBeans (EJB)
Enterprise JavaBeans are server-side components used to
represent core business functions. JDeveloper provides a productive
environment in which to develop, debug, and deploy EJBs. Once
you've created a workspace and project, you can add an EJB of any
of the EJB types defined in the EJB 1.1 specification to your
project.To create a new workspace and project:
1. Choose File | New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the
New Gallery, select Projects from the list of categories, and
double-click Workspace in the list of items. 3. In the New
Workspace dialog, enter the name and location of your new
workspace, and make sure the Add a New Empty Project checkbox is
selected. 4. In the New Project dialog, enter the name and location
of your new project.To add an EJB to your project:
1. With your new project selected in the Navigator, choose File
| New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the New Gallery, select
Enterprise JavaBeans from the list of categories, and doubleclick
the type of EJB you want to create in the list of items. 3. Follow
the steps in the wizard to finish creating your EJB.
You have now created an Enterprise JavaBean. For more
information, refer to Developing Enterprise JavaBeans.Creating
Business Components for Java (BC4J)
To simplify the development of scalable, high-performance J2EE
applications, JDeveloper offers an open and extensible J2EE
framework called Business Components for Java (BC4J). BC4J is an
object-relational mapping tool that implements Sun's J2EE design
patterns, allowing developers to quickly build sophisticated J2EE
applications.2-12
You can create Business Components based on the definition of
existing tables or you can create the Business Components first and
use JDeveloper to create the tables for you. Once you've created a
workspace, you can use the JDeveloper wizards to help you create a
project for your Business Components.To create a new workspace:
1. Choose File | New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the
New Gallery, select Projects from the list of categories, and
double-click Workspace in the list of items. 3. In the New
Workspace dialog, enter the name and location of your new
workspace, and make sure the Add a New Empty Project checkbox is
not selected.
To add a Business Components project to your workspace:
1. Right-click the new workspace in the Navigator, and choose
New Business Components from the context menu. 2. Follow the steps
in the wizard to finish creating your Business Components. If you
have not yet defined a connection for the database containing the
tables you are building Business Components for, you can do so in
the wizard.
You have now created a Business Components for Java project. For
more information, refer to Developing Business Components.
JDeveloper also simplifies the development of BC4J clients. Once
you've defined the Business Components, you can create essentially
any type of user interface to use those business components.
JDeveloper provides wizards to help you quickly create a JSP or
Java user interface for Business Components.To create a JSP user
interface for your Business Components:
1. First, make sure the Business Components have been compiled
by right-clicking on the project containing your Business
Components and choosing Build Project from the context menu. 2.
Right-click the workspace containing the BC4J project in the
Navigator, and choose New Empty Project from the context menu. 3.
Enter the details for the new project and click OK. 4. Select the
new project in the Navigator and choose File | New from the
JDeveloper main2-13
menu. 5. In the New Gallery, select BC4J JSP from the list of
categories, and double-click one of the form types (for example,
Browse and Edit Form) in the list of items. 6. Follow the steps in
the wizard to finish creating your JSP.
You have now created a JSP application for your Business
Components. For more information, refer to Working with Data-Bound
BC4J JSP Pages.To create a Java application or applet user
interface for your Business Components:
1. First, make sure the Business Components have been compiled
by right-clicking on the project containing your Business
Components and choosing Build Project from the context menu. 2.
Right-click the workspace containing the BC4J project in the
Navigator, and choose New Empty Project from the context menu. 3.
Enter the details for the new project and click OK. 4. Select the
new project in the Navigator and choose File | New from the
JDeveloper main menu. 5. In the New Gallery, select JClient Objects
from the list of categories, and double-click JClient Form in the
list of items. 6. Follow the steps in the wizard to finish creating
your JClient application or applet. Note that if you have not yet
created a JClient data model for the Business Components, you can
do so in the wizard.
You have now created a JClient application or applet for your
Business Components. For more information, refer to Working with
JClient Applications.
Creating an Empty ClassYou may want to create a new class and
add it to your project so that you can define the functionality of
that class from scratch. Once you've created a workspace and
project, you can add a class to the project and begin defining the
behavior of that class.To create a new workspace and project:
1. Choose File | New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the
New Gallery, select Projects from the list of categories, and
double-click2-14
Workspace in the list of items.
3. In the New Workspace dialog, enter the name and location of
your new workspace, and make sure the Add a New Empty Project
checkbox is selected. 4. In the New Project dialog, enter the name
and location of your new project.To add an empty class to your
project:
1. Right-click the new project in the Navigator, and choose New
Class from the context menu. 2. Fill out the details for your new
class in the New Class dialog and click OK when finished.
You have now created an empty class. For more information, refer
to Creating a New Empty Class. To help you define fields, methods
and events for the class, you may want to use the Class Editor to
visually edit the class definition.
Defining a User InterfaceJDeveloper simplifies the development
of many types of user interfaces.Creating JavaServer Pages
(JSP)
JavaServer Pages run on a web server and dynamically generate
content (usually HTML) for clients. JDeveloper provides rich
support for developing, debugging and deploying JSPs. Once you've
created a workspace and project, you can add a JSP to the project
and begin defining the behavior of that JSP.To create a new
workspace and project:
1. Choose File | New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the
New Gallery, select Projects from the list of categories, and
double-click Workspace in the list of items. 3. In the New
Workspace dialog, enter the name and location of your new
workspace, and make sure the Add a New Empty Project checkbox is
selected. 4. In the New Project dialog, enter the name and location
of your new project.To add a JSP to your project:
2-15
1. With your new project selected in the Navigator, choose File
| New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the New Gallery, select
Web Objects from the list of categories, and double-click JSP in
the list of items. 3. Enter the details for your new JSP and click
OK.
You have now created a JavaServer Page. For more information,
refer to Working with JSP Pages. You can also create databound JSP
pages.To add elements to your JSP page:
1. Make sure the Component Palette is displayed by selecting
View | Component Palette from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the
JSP editor, place the cursor at the position where you want the JSP
tag to be added. 3. Click the tag you want to add in the Component
Palette, and fill in the details in the resulting dialog.Creating
Servlets
Java servlets run on a web server and dynamically generate
content (usually HTML) for clients. JDeveloper provides rich
support for developing, debugging and deploying servlets. With
servlets, unlike JSP pages, all the content you wish to generate
for the client is embedded in Java code. Once you've created a
workspace and project, you can add a servlet to the project and
begin defining the behavior of that servlet.To create a new
workspace and project:
1. Choose File | New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the
New Gallery, select Projects from the list of categories, and
double-click Workspace in the list of items. 3. In the New
Workspace dialog, enter the name and location of your new
workspace, and make sure the Add a New Empty Project checkbox is
selected. 4. In the New Project dialog, enter the name and location
of your new project.To add a servlet to your project:
2-16
1. With your new project selected in the Navigator, choose File
| New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the New Gallery, select
Web Objects from the list of categories, and double-click HTTP
Servlet in the list of items. 3. Follow the steps in the wizard to
complete your new servlet.
You have now created a servlet. For more information, refer to
Working with Java Servlets.Creating an XSQL Application
XSQL servlets offer a simple and productive way to get XML in
and out of the database. Using simple scripts developers can
generate simple or complex XML documents, apply XSL stylesheets to
generate any text format, and parse XML documents and store the
data in the database. XSQL pages can also access data via Oracle
Business Components Java. Once you've created a workspace and
project, you can add an XSQL page to the project and begin defining
the behavior of that XSQL page.To create a new workspace and
project:
1. Choose File | New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the
New Gallery, select Projects from the list of categories, and
double-click Workspace in the list of items. 3. In the New
Workspace dialog, enter the name and location of your new
workspace, and make sure the Add a New Empty Project checkbox is
selected. 4. In the New Project dialog, enter the name and location
of your new project.To add an XSQL page to your project:
1. With your new project selected in the Navigator, choose File
| New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the New Gallery, select
Web Objects from the list of categories, and double-click XSQL in
the list of items.
You have now created an XSQL page. For more information, refer
to Working with XSQL Servlets.To add elements to your XSQL
page:2-17
1. Make sure the Component Palette is displayed by choosing View
| Component Palette from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the XML
editor, place the cursor at the position where you want the XSQL
tag to be added. 3. Click the tag you want to add in the Component
Palette, and fill in the details in the resulting dialog.
Once you've defined your XSQL page, you may want to create an
XSL stylesheet so that you can transform the XML for clients.To add
an XSL stylesheet to your project:
1. With your new project selected in the Navigator, choose File
| New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the New Gallery, select
Web Objects from the list of categories, and double-click XSL in
the list of items. 3. Once you have defined the XSL stylesheet,
apply the stylesheet to an XSQL page by making the appropriate
reference to the stylesheet in the code of the XSQL page.Creating a
UIX Application
Oracle User Interface XML (UIX) is a set of technologies that
constitute a framework for building web applications based on the
Oracle Browser Look and Feel. You can use JDeveloper to build UIX
applications directly in XML, or to build JSP pages with tags to
invoke UIX components. UIX applications can be used to access data
via Oracle Business Components for Java. Once you've created a
workspace and project, you can add a UIX page to the project and
begin defining the behavior of that UIX page.To create a new
workspace and project:
1. Choose File | New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the
New Gallery, select Projects from the list of categories, and
double-click Workspace in the list of items. 3. In the New
Workspace dialog, enter the name and location of your new
workspace, and make sure the Add a New Empty Project checkbox is
selected. 4. In the New Project dialog, enter the name and location
of your new project.
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To add an XML-based UIX page to your project:
1. With your new project selected in the Navigator, choose File
| New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the New Gallery, select
UIX XML from the list of categories, and double-click UIX with
Header, Footer, and Navigation in the list of items. 3. Follow the
steps in the wizard to complete your new UIX XML page.
You have now created a UIX XML page. For more information, refer
to Working with UIX XML and UIX JSP Pages.To add a JSP-based UIX
page to your project:
1. With your new project selected in the Navigator, choose File
| New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the New Gallery, select
UIX JSP from the list of categories, and double-click Starter Form
in the list of items.
You have now created a UIX JSP page. For more information, refer
to Working with UIX XML and UIX JSP Pages.To add elements to your
UIX JSP page:
1. Make sure the Component Palette is displayed by selecting
View | Component Palette from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the
JSP editor, place the cursor at the position where you want the UIX
JSP tag to be added. 3. Click the tag you want to add in the
Component Palette, and fill in the details in the resulting
dialog.Creating a Java Application
A Java application is a Java class with a main() method. It
typically runs in the VM on the client machine. Once you've created
a workspace and project, you can add a Java application to the
project and begin defining the behavior of that application.To
create a new workspace and project:2-19
1. Choose File | New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the
New Gallery, select Projects from the list of categories, and
double-click Workspace in the list of items. 3. In the New
Workspace dialog, enter the name and location of your new
workspace, and make sure the Add a New Empty Project checkbox is
selected. 4. In the New Project dialog, enter the name and location
of your new project.To add an application to your project:
1. With your new project selected in the Navigator, choose File
| New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the New Gallery, select
Objects from the list of categories, and double-click Application
in the list of items. 3. In the New Application dialog, enter the
details for your new application and click OK. 4. If you chose to
add a Frame to your application, enter the details for the Frame
and click OK.
You have now created a Java application. For more information,
refer to Developing Java GUI Clients.Creating a Java Applet
A Java applet is a Java class which extends javax.swing.JApplet
or java.awt.Applet. It typically runs in the VM provided by a web
browser (or a plug in to the browser). Once you've created a
workspace and project, you can add a Java applet to the project and
begin defining the behavior of that applet.To create a new
workspace and project:
1. Choose File | New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the
New Gallery, select Projects from the list of categories, and
double-click Workspace in the list of items. 3. In the New
Workspace dialog, enter the name and location of your new
workspace, and make sure the Add a New Empty Project checkbox is
selected. 4. In the New Project dialog, enter the name and location
of your new project.
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To add an applet to your project:
1. With your new project selected in the Navigator, choose File
| New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the New Gallery, select
Web Objects from the list of categories, and double-click Applet in
the list of items. 3. In the New Applet dialog, enter the details
for your new applet.
You have now created a Java applet. For more information, refer
to Working with Applets. Once you have defined your applet, you
will need to create an HTML page to launch the applet and also to
allow you to test the applet in JDeveloper.To create an applet HTML
page:
1. With your new project selected in the Navigator, choose File
| New from the JDeveloper main menu. 2. In the New Gallery, select
Web Objects from the list of categories, and double-click Applet
HTML in the list of items. 3. Follow the steps in the wizard to
complete the applet HTML page.
Related topics Compiling with JDeveloper Compiling from the
Command Line or Shell Debugging Java Programs Remote Debugging
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About JDeveloperThe following topics will introduce you to
fundamental JDeveloper concepts and functionality:q
About Workspaces About Projects About Project Paths About
Setting Project Properties About Packages About Libraries About
J2SEs About Layouts About Connections About Code Insight About
Browse Symbol
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q
q
q
q
q
q
q
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Related topics Starting a New Programming Project
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About WorkspacesIn a sense, what a project is to its group of
related files, a workspace is to a group of related projects.
Grouping your files by workspace and project enables you to sort
your work logically and hierarchically. Just as you can display
several projects at one time, so you can display several
workspaces. You can "tear off" workspaces into separate navigator
windows, should you wish, or leave them all displayed in the
default System Navigator. Closing a workspace or project unloads
those files from memory. Removing a workspace or project from the
IDE can help reduce clutter when you are not working with a given
set of files. Removing files from the IDE does not delete them from
where they reside. It only affects whether or not they are
displayed in the Navigator. The listing of files for a given
workspace is stored in the workspace file, the