Oracle 11g学习文档1

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Oracle Database 11 g II

1

D50079CN20

2.0

2011 3

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© 2011 Oracle

Oracle“ ” Oracle

Oracle University, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, California 94065USA

U.S. GOVERNMENT RIGHTSThe U.S. Government’s rights to use, modify, reproduce, release, perform, display, ordisclose these training materials are restricted by the terms of the applicable Oraclelicense agreement and/or the applicable U.S. Government contract.

Oracle Oracle /

Maria Billings

Christian Bauwens

Yanti Chang

Timothy ChienJoe Fong

Andy Fortunak

Gerlinde Frenzen

Mark Fuller

Peter Fusek

Joel Goodman

Vimala Jacob

Dominique Jeunot

Pete Jones

Fukue KawabeDonna Keesling

Sean Kim

Achiel Langers

Gwen Lazenby

Jerry Lee

Deidre Matishak

Bill Millar

Lakshmi Naraparreddi

Ira Singer

Ranbir SinghJames Spiller

Matt Taylor

Branislav Valny

Jean-Francois Verrier

Nita Pavitran

Raj Kumar

Satish Bettegowda

Jayanthy Keshavamurthy

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Oracle Database 11 g “ g ” Grid I-4

Oracle Grid Infrastructure I-6

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1 Oracle DB

1-2 Oracle DB Server 1-3

Oracle DB Server 1-4

1-6

Oracle DB 1-7

Oracle DB 1-8

1-10

1-11

1-13

1-14 1-15

1-17

1-19

ASM 1-20

ASM 1-21

DBA 1-23

DBA 1-24

Oracle Restart 1-25

1-27

1-28

2

2-2

2-3

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2-4

Oracle 2-5

Oracle 2-6

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Oracle 2-9 Recovery Manager 2-10

RMAN 2-11

2-12

2-13

ARCHIVELOG 2-14

ARCHIVELOG 2-15

2-16

2-18

2-20

2-22

2-23

2-25

2-26

2-28

2-30

FRA 2-31

2-32 2-33

2-35

2 2-36

3 RMAN

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RMAN 3-3

3-4

3-5 3-6

3-7

3-8

3-9

3-10

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3-11

Oracle Enterprise Manager 3-12

3-13

3-14

3-16 3-17

RMAN 3-18

RMAN 3-19

RMAN 3-20

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3-23

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IMPORT CATALOG 3-25

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3 RMAN 3-35

4

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RMAN 4-3

4-4

4-5

4-7

4-8

4-10

4-11

4-12 CONFIGURE BACKUP COPIES 4-13

4-14

4-16

4-17

RMAN 4-18

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4-19

4-20

4-22

4 4-23

5 RMAN

5-2

5-3

5-4

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5-11

5-12

5-13

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5-16

5-17

RMAN 5-18

5-19

EM 5-21

RMAN 5-22

5-23

5-24

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5-27


5-29

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5-32 5 5-33

6

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6-6

6-7

6-8 6-9

6-10

6-11

6-13

6-14

6-16

6-17

6-18

6-20

NOLOGGING 6-21

6-22

6-23

6-24

6-26

7 RMAN

7-2

RMAN RESTORE RECOVER 7-3

ARCHIVELOG 7-5

ARCHIVELOG 7-6

7-7

7-8

7-9

SET NEWNAME 7-10

SET NEWNAME 7-11

NOARCHIVELOG 7-12 7-13

7-14

7-16

7-17

7-18

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7-19

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xiv

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18-12

18-13

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18-16 18-17

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18-21

18-22

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18-24

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18-28

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18-34 EM 18-35

SQL 18-36

18-37

18-38

18-40

18-42

18-43

18-44

18 18-45

19

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4 KB 19-5

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19-7

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RMAN CONVERT 19-16


19-20

19-21

19-22

19-23

19-24

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19 19-26

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20-7

20-8

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SET NEWNAME 20-13 20-14

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DUPLICATE 20-21

DUPLICATE 20-22

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A

B

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B-10

B-11

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B-22

C C-2

C-3

C-4

C-5

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NOARCHIVELOG C-7

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C-9

C-10

C-11 C-12

C-13

C-15

C-16

C-17

C-18

C-19

C-21

C-22

C-24

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ASM D-4

ASM ASM D-6

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D-17 ASM D-18

D-19

ASM D-20

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© 2011 Oracle

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22/351Oracle Database 11 g II I-2

© 2011 Oracle

• Oracle DB

• Recovery Manager (RMAN)

•

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•

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© 2011 Oracle

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© 2011 Oracle

Oracle Database 11 g g Grid

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© 2011 Oracle

Oracle Grid Infrastructure

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Database 11 g 2 (11.2)• Oracle DB

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8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


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© 2011 Oracle

HR REGIONSREGION_ID (PK)

REGION_NAME

COUNTRIESCOUNTRY_ID (PK)COUNTRY_NAMEREGION_ID (FK)

LOCATIONSLOCATION_ID (PK)STREET_ADDRESSPOSTAL_CODECITYSTATE_PROVINCECOUNTRY_ID (FK)

DEPARTMENTSDEPARTMENT_ID (PK)DEPARTMENT_NAME

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JOBSJOB_ID (PK)JOB_TITLE

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© 2011 Oracle

Oracle DB

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1. Oracle DB ___________________ _________________

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Oracle DB Server

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© 2011 Oracle

• – Oracle DB

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© 2011 Oracle

1. ______

2. ______

3. ______

4. ______

5. ______

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A. (CKPT)

B. (SMON)

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© 2011 Oracle

• Oracle Grid Infrastructure

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# cat /etc/inittab..h1:35: respawn :/etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1

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© 2011 Oracle

Oracle DB

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Oracle

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Oracle Database 11g

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8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

DBA

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8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

DBA

Oracle DB•

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SQL*Plus

Oracle Enterprise Manager

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$ lsnrctl status

SQL> startupSQL> shutdown immediate

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8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

Oracle Restart

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8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


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Oracle Database 11g

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• ASM Oracle DB

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© 2011 Oracle

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© 2011 Oracle

• Recovery Manager (RMAN)• ARCHIVELOG

•

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© 2011 Oracle

•

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© 2011 Oracle

Oracle

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8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


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Oracle

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8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

1. ___

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© 2011 Oracle

1.

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8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

Oracle

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Oracle “ Maintenance ” “ Backup/Recovery/ ” “ Schedule Backup ” “ Backup Strategies” “ Oracle-Suggested Backup Oracle ”

“ Customized Backup ” Oracle

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8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

Recovery Manager

$ rman target /

RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE;Starting backup at 10-JUN-07..RMAN> LIST BACKUP;BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ------- ----------- ------------ ---------------1 Full 1.06G DISK 00:01:49 10-JUN-07..RMAN> DELETE OBSOLETE;

..Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? YESdeleted archived log..

Recovery Manager RMAN

• target

• catalog

• nocatalog

• cmdfile

• log

RMAN

RMAN OSRMAN

$ rman target / cmdfile=~/fullbu.rman log=~/fullbu.log

RMAN RMAN(LIST BACKUP )

(DELETE OBSOLETE )

RMAN Oracle Database Backup and RecoveryUser’s Guide RMAN Oracle Database Backupand Recovery Reference

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

RMAN

• – RMAN – RUN

• – RUN

–

RMANRMAN

RMAN

• CHANGE

• CONNECT• CREATE CATALOG RESYNC CATALOG

• CREATE SCRIPT DELETE SCRIPT REPLACE SCRIPT

RMAN

ALLOCATE CHANNELRUN

BACKUP DATABASE RMAN

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

RUN

RMAN> RUN2> {3> ALLOCATE CHANNEL c1 DEVICE TYPE DISK4> FORMAT "/disk2/%U";5> BACKUP AS BACKUPSET DATABASE;6> SQL 'alter system archive log current';7> }

RUN

RUN RUNRUN

RUN• ALLOCATE CHANNEL

• SWITCH

RMAN RUN RMANRUN RUN

Oracle DB /

(I/O) I/O6 SQL

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

• ARCHIVELOG

• FRA

(ARC n )

ARCHIVELOG

Oracle DB Oracle

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

ARCHIVELOG

(ARC n )

ARCHIVELOG

(ARC n )

ARCHIVELOG

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

ARCHIVELOG

ARCHIVELOG• Oracle Enterprise Manager

– “ ARCHIVELOG Mode ARCHIVELOG ”

– “ Apply ” MOUNTARCHIVELOG

– “ Yes ”

• SQL –

– ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG

–

ARCHIVELOGARCHIVELOG

Oracle Enterprise Manager “ Availability > Recovery Settings >” “ ARCHIVELOG Mode ARCHIVELOG ”

SQL ARCHIVELOG MOUNT

ARCHIVELOGSQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE

SQL> STARTUP MOUNTSQL> ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG;SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

NOARCHIVELOG

ARCHIVELOGARCHIVELOG

ARCHIVELOG

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

LOG_ARCHIVE_DESTLOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST

•

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_ n

•

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_ nn 1 10

• “ LOCATION= ” /disk3/arch

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 = 'LOCATION=/disk3/arch'

• SERVICEstandyby1

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 = 'SERVICE=standby1'.

Oracle DB LOG_ARCHIVE_DESTLOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST = '/disk1/arch'LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST = '/disk2/arch'

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Oracle LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_ n

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© 2011 Oracle

1

1

2

3

LOG_ARCHIVE_MIN_SUCCEED_DEST = 2

LOG_ARCHIVE_MIN_SUCCEED_DEST

LOG_ARCHIVE_MIN_SUCCEED_DEST 21

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_ n

1 10 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST1 2

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


MANDATORY OPTIONAL

MANDATORYOPTIONAL

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 = 'LOCATION=/disk3/arch MANDATORY'

OPTIONALOracle DB

LOG_ARCHIVE_MIN_SUCCEED_DEST

LOG_ARCHIVE_DESTLOG_ARCHIVE_MIN_SUCCEED_DEST = 1 LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST

LOG_ARCHIVE_MIN_SUCCEED_DEST = 2

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CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIMECONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME

• • RESYNC CATALOG

“ RMAN ”

1

RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY < >;

< >

RMANRMAN

RMANRMAN

CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME

RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO NONE;

“ RMAN”

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

B 201 500

7

200

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RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;

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8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

• –

–

• –

–

–

– –

–

Oracle DB

• Oracle Database SQL Language

Reference CREATE CONTROLFILE “ Semantics ”

• LOGFILE

- DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_ n

- DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST

- DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


Oracle Database SQLLanguage Reference CREATE DATABASE LOGFILE

• LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_ nLOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_ n

•

• RMAN Oracle DB Server

• BACKUP AS COPY

• RMAN RMAN

FRA

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

FRA• DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE

• DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST FRA

FRA

• DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE FRAFRA

- Oracle

- FRA

- FRA FRA

• DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST FRA

Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control Database Control FRA“ Availability > Recovery Settings > ” “ Recovery

Settings ” FRA FRA

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

12

1234

RMAN

RMANDB_REOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE

OracleDB Server RMAN 100%DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE

Oracle DB Server

85% 97%

WARNING: db_recovery_file_dest_size of 52428800 bytes is100.00% used, and has 0 remaining bytes available.

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•

•

•

• RMAN REPORT OBSOLETE DELETEOBSOLETE

• RMAN

• RMAN

• RMAN

• RMAN

• DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE

Oracle Enterprise Manager RMANRMAN

RMAN RMAN

RMANBACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL DELETE ALL INPUT;

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RMAN RMANRMAN CROSSCHECK

DELETE

Oracle Enterprise Manager “ Manage Backups ”

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY

FRA

RMAN

• FRA FRA

• BACKUP ... DELETE INPUT DELETE ARCHIVELOG

FRA•

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE;

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© 2011 Oracle

•

•

X

Streams

Data Guard Streams Flashback Database

FRA BACKUP... DELETE INPUT DELETE ... ARCHIVELOGFRA

FRA RMAN

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

FRA

. . .

FRAOracle Enterprise Manager Database Control FRA“ Related Links ” “ All Metrics ”

“ Recovery Area ”

“ Recovery Area Free Space (%) (%) ”

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© 2011 Oracle

•

•

FRA

Oracle Corporation

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II 2-33

© 2011 Oracle

1. 2. 3.

4.

1 2 4

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© 2011 Oracle

(FRA)

1. FRA ASM

2. FRA

3. FRA

4. FRA

1 2

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© 2011 Oracle

• RMAN• ARCHIVELOG

•

•

•

•

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© 2011 Oracle

2

• ARCHIVELOG

• FRA

• RMAN

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RMAN

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© 2011 Oracle

• RMAN

•

•

•

• RMAN•

•

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© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

• •

• • • • RMAN

.

.

.

RMAN RMAN

“ ”

RMAN

RMAN

Oracle

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

RecoveryManager (RMAN)

RMAN

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

•

• RMAN

•

• BACKUP KEEP FOREVER

•

RMAN

RMAN

RC_V$

RMAN

BACKUP ... KEEPKEEP FOREVER

REPORT SCHEMAAT [ time | scn | logseq ]

AT

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•

–

–

– RMAN

•

SQL> CREATE TABLESPACE rcat_ts DATAFILE SIZE 15M;

RMAN15 MB

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© 2011 Oracle

• • RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER

SQL> CREATE USER rcowner IDENTIFIED BY rcpass

2 TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp3 DEFAULT TABLESPACE rcat_ts4 QUOTA UNLIMITED ON rcat_ts;

SQL> GRANT recovery_catalog_owner TO rcowner;

UNLIMITEDRECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER

ALTER SESSION CREATE CLUSTERCREATE DATABASE LINK CREATE PROCEDURE CREATE SEQUENCE CREATESESSION CREATE SYNONYM CREATE TABLE CREATE TRIGGER CREATE TYPE

CREATE VIEW

SQL Oracle Enterprise Manager

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

•

• CREATE CATALOG

RMAN> CREATE CATALOG;

$ rmanRMAN> CONNECT CATALOGusername / password @net_service_name

RMAN CREATE CATALOG

ORACLE_SID SIDCONNECT net_service_name

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

•

•

•

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

•

•

•

$ rman TARGET / CATALOG

username / password @net_service_nameRMAN> REGISTER DATABASE;

1. RMAN% rman TARGET / CATALOG rman/rman@reccatdb

2.

3. REGISTERRMAN> REGISTER DATABASE;

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle


Oracle EnterpriseManager (EM)

1. EM “ RecoveryCatalog Settings ”

2.

3.

EM EM

Oracle Enterprise ManagerEM EM

EM

RMAN EMEM

RMAN REGISTER DATABASE


1. “ EM Database EM ” “ Availability > Recovery CatalogSettings > ” “ Add Recovery Catalog

” SID2. “ Recovery Catalog Setting ”

“ Use Recovery Catalog ”“ OK ”

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

•

•

$ rman TARGET / CATALOGusername / password @net_service_name

RMAN> UNREGISTER DATABASE;

RMAN

Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control

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/tmp/arch_logsRMAN> CATALOG START WITH '/tmp/arch_logs/';

/tmp bset

RMAN> CATALOG START WITH '/tmp/bset';

/tmp/bset

CATALOG

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

+

RMAN /

RMAN

RMAN

CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIMERESYNC

CATALOG

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© 2011 Oracle

• RMAN

•

•

RMAN> RESYNC CATALOG;

• RMAN

•

•

Oracle Backup and RecoveryUser’s Guide

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

•

• RMAN

• –

RMAN

–

•

CREATE SCRIPT script_name{ }

CREATE GLOBAL SCRIPT script_name

{ }

CREATE [GLOBAL] SCRIPT script_name FROM FILE 'file_name' ;

RMANRMAN RMAN

RMAN

RMAN

RMAN

RMAN

CREATE SCRIPT

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

•

•

RUN { EXECUTE SCRIPTscript_name; }

RUN { EXECUTE GLOBAL SCRIPTscript_name; }

RMANEXECUTE SCRIPT

EXECUTE SCRIPT RUN RMANRMAN

ALLOCATE CHANNELRMAN> RUN{

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch1 DEVICE TYPE DISK;ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch2 DEVICE TYPE DISK;

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch3 DEVICE TYPE DISK;EXECUTE SCRIPT full_backup;

}

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© 2011 Oracle

RMAN•

PRINT [GLOBAL] SCRIPT script_name TO FILE 'file_name' ;

LIST [GLOBAL] SCRIPT NAMES;

•

•

•

•

REPLACE [GLOBAL] SCRIPT script_name{ ; }

•

DELETE SCRIPT script_name ;

REPLACE [GLOBAL] SCRIPT script_name FROM FILE'file_name' ;

PRINT [GLOBAL] SCRIPT script_name ;

RMANPRINT SCRIPT

LIST SCRIPT NAMES

REPLACE SCRIPTRMAN

DELETE SCRIPT

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© 2011 Oracle


Oracle DB OracleRMAN RMAN

RMAN

• ARCHIVELOG

• REDUNDANCY 1

•

• BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG

• (NOCATALOG) RMAN

• ON

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•

• RMAN

1. Oracle

2.

3. 2

CREATE CATALOG

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© 2011 Oracle

RMANUPGRADE CATALOG

DROP CATALOG

UPGRADE CATALOG;

DROP CATALOG;

RMAN UPGRADECATALOG

• CREATE TYPE

•

• UPGRADE RMANRMAN

• RMAN

DROP CATALOG

• RMAN• CATALOG CONNECT CATALOG

•

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IMPORT CATALOG

DB_NAMERMAN

NO UNREGISTER IDNO UNREGISTER RMAN ID

1. RMAN cat111

RMANRMAN

2. cat102 srcdb RMAN RMAN

3. cat92 srcdb RMAN RMAN DBID1423241 1423242

4. srcdb RMAN IDdestdb cat111 cat92

•

• • RMAN

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

(VPC)

RMAN

RMAN

RMAN RMANRECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER

REGISTER

VPC

SQL*Plus

SELECT DISTINCT db_name FROM DBINC;

SYSDBA SYSOPERRMAN

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

1.

RMAN

2. RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER VPC

3a. REGISTER VPC

3b. CATALOG FOR DATABASE VPC

RMAN> CONNECT CATALOG catowner/oracle@catdbRMAN> CREATE CATALOG;

SQL> CONNECT SYS/oracle@catdb AS SYSDBA SQL> GRANT RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER to vpcowner;

RMAN> CONNECT CATALOG catowner/oracle@catdbRMAN> GRANT REGISTER DATABASE TO vpcowner;

RMAN>GRANT CATALOG FOR DATABASE db10g TO vpcowner;

RMANRMAN

1.

2. DBA (VPC)RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER

3. VPCREGISTER GRANT CATALOG

GRANT CATALOG FOR DATABASE prod1, prod2 TO vpcowner;

GRANT REGISTER

GRANT REGISTER DATABASE TO vpcowner;

VPC VPC

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

4a. 11 g

4b. 11 g

5.

6.

RMAN> CONNECT CATALOG vpcowner/oracle@catdbRMAN> CREATE VIRTUAL CATALOG;

SQL> CONNECT vpcowner/oracle@catdbSQL> exec catowner.dbms_rcvcat.create_virtual_catalog;

RMAN> CONNECT TARGET / CATALOG vpcowner/oracle@catdbRMAN> REGISTER DATABASE;

RMAN> CONNECT TARGET / CATALOG vpcowner/oracle@catdb;RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE;

RMAN4.

a. Oracle Database 11 g RMAN 11 g RMAN

CREATE VIRTUAL CATALOG;

b. Oracle Database 10 g 2SQL*Plus

BASE_CATALOG_OWNER.DBMS_RCVCAT.CREATE_VIRTUAL_CATALOG;

5. VPC

6. RMANSYSDBA SYSOPER

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

1.

2.

3. IMPORT CATALOG

4.

5.

6.

RMAN

1.

2. RMAN

3. IMPORT CATALOG

4.

5.

6.

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


RMAN

•

•

•

•

• RMAN

• RMAN

RMANcatdb catowner

prod1 prod2 prod3

RMANRMAN

RMANRMAN

RMAN

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© 2011 Oracle

Oracle

1.

2. Oracle

3. EMEM

1 3

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

1.

2.

1

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

• RMAN

•

•

•

• RMAN•

•

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

3 RMAN

• dbca RCAT

•

• RMAN

• ORCL• RCAT

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•

•

•

•

• •

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© 2011 Oracle

RMAN• RMAN

• CONFIGURE –

–

–

– BACKUPSET COPY

–

–

– –

–

–

–

RMANRMAN RMAN

RMANRMAN

RMANCONFIGURE RMAN

RMAN

SET RMAN

EM Oracle Enterprise Manager RMAN

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

• RMANSHOW ALL

• V$RMAN_CONFIGURATION

SHOW ALL SQL*PlusV$RMAN_CONFIGURATION RMAN

SQL> select * from V$RMAN_CONFIGURATION2 /

CONF# NAME VALUE------ ---------------------- --------------------------------

1 CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON2 CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS

'SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/tape)'

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© 2011 Oracle

RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

Oracle

Oracle Enterprise Manager “ Database ”“ Availability > Backup Settings > ”

RMAN

NOCATALOG RMAN

Oracle Enterprise Manager RMAN

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

RMAN

•

• RMAN

• OracleDDL

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


%F RMAN

c-IIIIIIIIII-YYYYMMDD-QQ

• IIIIIIIIII DBID

• YYYYMMDD• QQ 00 FF

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPEtype TO 'string' %F

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMATFOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/u01/oradata/cf_ORCL_auto_%F';

RMAN RMAN

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

•

• SHOW

• CONFIGURE CLEAR

RMAN> SHOW CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT;RMAN> SHOW EXCLUDE;RMAN> SHOW ALL;

RMAN> CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION CLEAR;RMAN> CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE CLEAR;RMAN> CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE CLEAR;

RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE sbt PARALLELISM 3;

RMAN2

BACKUP

PARALLELISMCONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE PARALLELISM

RMAN SHOW RMAN SHOW

ALLCLEAR CONFIGURE CONFIGURE

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2. RMAN

3. Oracle DBOracle DB Server

Recovery Managerrun {# Allocating a channel of type 'sbt' for serial device

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch1 DEVICE TYPE sbt;BACKUP DATAFILE 3;

}

Recovery Manager Oracle DBOracle DB

1. Oracle DB Server

2.

3. Oracle DB

4. Oracle DB Server

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

•

• Oracle Secure Backup

• –

–

•

–

–

RMAN> CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO TAPE;

RMAN> CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK;

(MML)

MMLMML

Oracle DB

FORMAT

Oracle Secure Backup Oracle Secure Backup Administrator’sGuide

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

• CONFIGURE

• RUN ALLOCATE CHANNEL

RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE sbt;RMAN> CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO sbt;RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE sbt ...RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE;

RMAN> RUN{

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch1 DEVICE TYPE DISK;BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;}

• CONFIGURE RMAN RUNBACKUP

• RUN ALLOCATE CHANNEL BACKUP

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© 2011 Oracle

• CONFIGURE ... BACKUP COPIES• BACKUP...COPIES

1

1

2

3

1

2

3

HR_DATA 2

1

2

3

RMAN0tcm8u2s_1_1

0tcm8u2s_1_2

BACKUP...COPIESCONFIGURE ... BACKUP COPIES DISK FORMAT

sbtSBT API 2

(SBT) API (MML)RMAN MML

BACKUP...COPIESCONFIGURE ... BACKUP COPIES

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•

• –

– BACKUP DATABASE ALL LIKEBACKUP ARCHIVELOG BACKUP BACKUPSET ALL

–

• FORCE

• RECOVERY AREADB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST RECOVERY FILES

RMAN> BACKUP DEVICE TYPE sbt BACKUPSET ALL FORCE;

RMAN> CONFIGURE BACKUPOPTIMIZATION ON ;

BACKUP

RMANRMAN RMAN

RMANOracle Database Backup and Recovery User’s Guide

Oracle Enterprise Manager “ Backup Settings ”CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON

BACKUP RECOVERY AREA | DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST BACKUP RECOVERYFILES

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• (HWM)

•

HWM

RMANHWM

•

•

• 0

• Oracle Secure Backup

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

•

• HIGH MEDIUM LOW BASIC

• DBA

CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'HIGH/MEDIUM/LOW/BASIC'

run {

SET COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'HIGH/MEDIUM/LOW/BASIC';..}

HIGH MEDIUM LOW BASICBACKUP TYPE TO COMPRESSED

CPU

CPU

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• wallet

• wallet•

–

–

**********

• wallet

• wallet

•

“ Oracle Database 11 g ”

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RMAN

1. FORCE

2. RMAN

3.

1 3

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© 2011 Oracle


•

•

•

•

• •

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

4

• RMAN

•

RMAN RMAN SPOOL LOG

RMAN> SPOOL LOG TO '/home/oracle/labs/my_lab_output.txt';

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RMAN

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© 2011 Oracle

• • • • • •

• RMAN• •

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© 2011 Oracle

RMAN> BACKUP AS BACKUPSET2> FORMAT '/BACKUP/df_%d_%s_%p.bus'3> TABLESPACE hr_data;

1

2

3

1

2

3

HR_DATA

RMAN RMAN

FORMATALLOCATE CHANNEL CONFIGURE FORMAT

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

3

3 3

RMAN> BACKUP AS COPY DATAFILE '/ORADATA/users_01_db01.dbf';RMAN> BACKUP AS COPY ARCHIVELOG LIKE '/arch%';

BACKUP ASCOPY RMAN BACKUP AS COPY

•

• RMAN SWITCHALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE SQL

• Oracle DB

NOCHECKSUM RMAN

BACKUP NOCHECKSUM Oracle Database Backup andRecovery Reference

• 00

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


• /ORADATA/users01_db01.dbf

•

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

RMAN> BACKUP DATABASEPLUS ARCHIVELOG;

SPFILE

(SPFILE) RecoveryManager (RMAN)

RMAN BACKUPDELETE INPUT RMAN

RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG DELETE INPUT;

CONFIGURE• CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO disk;

• CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK BACKUP TYPE TO COPY;

• CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

RMAN> BACKUP COPY OF DATABASE;

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RMAN BACKUP

• CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM n n

• • BACKUP AS COPY

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RMAN

• 1 0

• 0

• 0RMAN> BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 0 DATABASE;

• RMAN> BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1 DATABASE;

• RMAN> BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1 CUMULATIVE DATABASE;

FULL INCREMENTAL RMAN

RECOVER“ RMAN

”

NOARCHIVELOG

ARCHIVELOG

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

• • •

101100101011000011101001011010101110011

SGA

CTWR

RMANRMAN

RMAN

•

• RAC

•

10 MB 10 MB OracleDB

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

ALTER DATABASE{ENABLE|DISABLE} BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING[USING FILE '...']

Database Control “ Availability > BackupSettings > Policy > > ” DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST

DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST Oracle Managed File (OMF)

ALTER DATABASEALTER

DATABASE RENAME MOUNT

ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE

ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE '...' TO '...';

RMAN

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

SQL> SELECT filename, status, bytes2 FROM v$block_change_tracking;

SQL> SELECT file#, avg(datafile_blocks),2 avg(blocks_read),3 avg(blocks_read/datafile_blocks)4 * 100 AS PCT_READ_FOR_BACKUP,5 avg(blocks)

5 FROM v$backup_datafile6 WHERE used_change_tracking = 'YES'7 AND incremental_level > 08 GROUP BY file#;

V$BLOCK_CHANGE_TRACKING(ENABLED/DISABLED )

V$BACKUP_DATAFILEI/O PCT_READ_FOR_BACKUP RMAN

V$BACKUP_DATAFILEFILE# BLOCKS_IN_FILE BLOCKS_READ PCT_READ_FOR_BACKUP BLOCKS_BACKED_UP----- -------------- ----------- ------------------- ----------------

1 56320 4480 7 4622 3840 2688 70 24083 49920 16768 33 44574 640 64 10 15 19200 256 1 91

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© 2011 Oracle

RecoveryManager

(SAN)

RMAN BACKUP PROXY MML

BACKUP [AS BACKUPSET] … PROXY [ONLY] DATABASE|TABLESPACE....

PROXY ONLY

Oracle

SAN LAN

LAN MML RMAN

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RMAN> BACKUP DEVICE TYPE DISK AS BACKUPSET2> DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;

RMAN> BACKUP DEVICE TYPE sbt BACKUPSET ALL;

1

2

3

1

2

3

RMAN BACKUP BACKUPSET RMAN

DISK

BACKUP BACKUPSET

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© 2011 Oracle

• RMAN

• /

• RMAN BACKUP SKIP READONLY

/ BACKUPSKIP READONLY RMAN

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© 2011 Oracle

• RMAN• • •

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

Oracle 128 TB RMANRMAN

256

RMAN Oracle Database 11 g COMPATIBLE 11.0

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SA

7

B

Q1

900250

nnn

RMAN

RMAN

KEEP

RESTORE POINT

RESTORE POINT

RMAN SPFILE

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SCN

DELETEOBSOLETE

FORMAT

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© 2011 Oracle

EM

EMOracle Enterprise Manager

1. “ Availability > Schedule Backup > Schedule Customized Backup >> ”

2. “ Schedule Customized Backup ”“ Settings ”

3. “ Override Current Settings ” “ Policy ”“ Override Retention Policy ”

“ Device ”KEEP SPFILE

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© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

• KEEP

• RMAN

•

KEEP {FOREVER | UNTIL TIME [=] ' date_string '} NOKEEP

[RESTORE POINT rsname]

LIST RESTORE POINT ALL;

LIST RESTORE POINT 'rsname';

RMANRMAN

BACKUP ... KEEP {FOREVER|UNTIL TIME 'SYSDATE + '} RESTORE POINT

UNTIL TIME FOREVER

RESTORE POINT RESTOREPOINT “ ” SCNSCN

UNTIL TIME

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© 2011 Oracle

RMAN> CHANGE COPY OF DATABASE CONTROLFILE NOKEEP;2

1

RMAN> CONNECT TARGET /

RMAN> CONNECT CATALOG rman/rman@catdb

RMAN> CHANGE BACKUP TAG 'consistent_db_bkup'

2> KEEP FOREVER;

CHANGECHANGE ... NOKEEP OBSOLETE

CHANGE

RESTORE POINT CHANGE

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RMAN

• LIST

• REPORT• REPORT NEED BACKUP

•REPORT OBSOLETE

RMAN LIST

• RMAN AVAILABLE

•

•

•

•

•

•

RMAN REPORT RMAN

REPORT NEED BACKUP

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REPORT OBSOLETEREPORT OBSOLETE REPORTOBSOLETE REDUNDANCY RECOVERY WINDOW

Oracle Database Backup and Recovery Reference

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© 2011 Oracle

• V$BACKUP_SET• V$BACKUP_PIECE• V$DATAFILE_COPY• V$BACKUP_FILES

“ V$”“ RC_”

RC_BACKUP_SET RC_BACKUP_PIECERC_DATAFILE_COPY RC_BACKUP_FILES

RC_BACKUP_FILESSQL> CALL DBMS_RCVMAN.SETDATABASE(null,null,null, );

ID

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© 2011 Oracle


Oracle Enterprise Manager“ Backup Report ”

“ Search ” “ Result ”“ Results ” “ Start Time

” “ Time Taken ” “ Status ”“ Backup Name ” “ Results ”

“ Results ” “ Status ”

“ Summary of job ”“ Backup Name ” “ Backup Report ”

“ Backup Report ” “ Result ”“ Input Summary ”

“ Output Summary ” “ Inputs and Outputs”

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

• CROSSCHECKRMAN

• DELETE EXPIREDEXPIRED

• DELETE OBSOLETE

CROSSCHECKCROSSCHECK RMAN

CROSSCHECK DISK sbtAVAILABLE EXPIRED CROSSCHECK

EXPIRED

DELETE LIST CROSSCHECKDELETE

DELETE OBSOLETE REPORT OBSOLETE

REDUNDANCY RECOVERY WINDOWRMAN UNCATALOG

CROSSCHECK DELETE EXPIRED

Oracle Database Backup and Recovery Reference

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© 2011 Oracle

1. 2.

2

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© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

1. 2.

1

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© 2011 Oracle

• • • • • •

• RMAN• •

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© 2011 Oracle

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• • • • •

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© 2011 Oracle

•

•

•

•

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© 2011 Oracle

SQL

•

•

SQL> select * from big_table order by1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13;select * from big_table order by1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13

*ERROR at line 1:ORA-01565: error in identifying file'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf'ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusLinux Error: 2: No such file or directory

(tempfile)SQL

SQL

Oracle DB

Re-creating tempfile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf

SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE temp ADD TEMPFILE'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp02.dbf' SIZE 20M;SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE temp DROP TEMPFILE'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf';

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© 2011 Oracle

• CURRENT LGWR

• ACTIVE

• INACTIVE

Oracle DB

• CURRENT LGWR

• ACTIVE

• INACTIVE

CURRENT

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INACTIVE

ACTIVE

CKPT

INACTIVE

ACTIVE

CURRENT

LGWR

RESETLOGS

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© 2011 Oracle

ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE ...

ALTER DATABASE CLEAR UNARCHIVED LOGFILE ...

ALTER DATABASE CLEAR UNARCHIVED LOGFILE ... UNRECOVERABLE DATAFILE

ALTER DATABASE CLEAR [UNARCHIVED] LOGFILE GROUP [UNRECOVERABLE DATAFILE]

SQL> SELECT GROUP#, STATUS, ARCHIVED FROM V$LOG;

3SQL> ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOFGILE GROUP 3;

UNARCHIVED

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© 2011 Oracle

• PARALLEL

• NOLOGGING

SQL> CREATE INDEX rname_idx2 ON hr.regions (region_name)3 PARALLEL 4;

• PARALLEL NOPARALLEL

Oracle Server

ID

• NOLOGGINGDirect Loader

(SQL*Loader)ALTER INDEX NOLOGGING/LOGGING

NOLOGGING Data GuardFORCE LOGGING

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


CONTENT=METADATA_ONLY SQLSQLFILE=

Oracle Database 11 g

I Oracle Database Utilities

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© 2011 Oracle

OSOS

• SYSDBA SYSOPER

• SYSDBA SYSOPER

OSDBA

SYSDBA OSOPER SYSOPER

OSDBA OSOPERSYSDBA SYSOPER

/

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworcl password=ora entries=5

SQL> grant sysdba to admin2;grant sysdba to admin2*ERROR at line 1:ORA-01994: GRANT failed: password file missing or disabled

1. orapwd

2.

Oracle DB orapwd SYSDBASYS SYSOPER

PUBLIC GRANT

REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE SHARED

IGNORECASE=Y

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


1. orapwdorapwd file=filename password=password entries=max_users

- filename- password SYS password

- entries SYSDBA SYSOPER“ ” (=)

orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwU15

password=admin entries=52. 1

SQL> CONNECT sys/admin AS SYSDBASQL> grant sysdba to admin2;

UNIX $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

Windows %ORACLE_HOME%\database

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© 2011 Oracle

PIT

XX

(PIT)

6

5

31

24

•

•

1. OS RMAN RESTORE

2. RECOVER

3.

4. ALTER DATABASE OPEN

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


5.

6.

SCN

RESETLOGS

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© 2011 Oracle

NOLOGGING

SQL> CREATE TABLE sales_copy NOLOGGING;SQL> INSERT /*+ APPEND */ INTO sales_copy

2 SELECT * FROM sales_history;

NOLOGGINGNOLOGGING NOLOGGING

SALES_COPY NOLOGGING APPENDSALES_HISTORY

NOLOGGINGNOLOGGING

REPORT UNRECOVERABLE RMANNOLOGGING

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© 2011 Oracle

OPEN RESETLOGSOPEN RESETLOGS

OPEN RESETLOGSOPEN

RESETLOGS

RESETLOGS

RESETLOGS

RESETLOGS

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© 2011 Oracle

SHUTDOWN ABORT

STARTUP MOUNTRESETLOGS

% cp /backup/control01.dbf /disk1/oradata/trgt/control01.dbf% cp /backup/control02.dbf /disk2/oradata/trgt/control02.dbf

SQL> RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE UNTIL CANCEL;

RESETLOGS

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RMAN RESTORE RECOVER

• RESTORE

• RECOVER

• Oracle Enterprise ManagerRMAN

RMAN> SQL 'ALTER TABLESPACE inv_tbs OFFLINE IMMEDIATE';RMAN> RESTORE TABLESPACE inv_tbs;RMAN> RECOVER TABLESPACE inv_tbs;RMAN> SQL 'ALTER TABLESPACE inv_tbs ONLINE';


SCN SCN

• RESTORE {DATABASE | TABLESPACE name [,name]... | DATAFILE name[,name] }...

RESTORERMAN

• RECOVER {DATABASE | TABLESPACE name [,name]... | DATAFILE name[,name] }...

RECOVER

Oracle Enterprise Manager“ Availability ” “ Backup/Recovery / ”“ Perform Recovery ”

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“”

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© 2011 Oracle

ARCHIVELOG

SYSTEMUNDO

ARCHIVELOGARCHIVELOG SYSTEM UNDO


1. “ Availability ” “ Perform Recovery ”

2. “ Datafiles ” “ Recovery Scope ”“ Restore datafiles ” “ Operation Type ”

3.

4.

5.

6. RMAN

ARCHIVELOG

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

ARCHIVELOG

SYSTEMUNDO SYSAUX

1. SHUTDOWN ABORT

2.

3.

4.

ARCHIVELOGSYSTEM UNDO

Oracle Enterprise Manager SYSAUXMOUNT

1.

2.

3. “ Maintenance ” “ Perform Recovery ”

4. “ Datafiles ” “ Restore to current time”

5.

6.

7. RMAN

8.

“ ”

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© 2011 Oracle

SET NEWNAME• RUN SET NEWNAME

•

• RUN DUPLICATE RESTORESWITCH

RUN{ ALLOCATE CHANNEL dev1 DEVICE TYPE DISK;

ALLOCATE CHANNEL dev2 DEVICE TYPE sbt;SQL "ALTER TABLESPACE users OFFLINE IMMEDIATE";SET NEWNAMEFOR DATAFILE '/disk1/oradata/prod/users01.dbf'

TO '/disk2/users01.dbf';RESTORE TABLESPACE users;SWITCH DATAFILE ALL;RECOVER TABLESPACE users;SQL "ALTER TABLESPACE users ONLINE";

}

SET NEWNAMESET NEWNAME RUN

SET NEWNAMERESTORE users01.dbf /disk2/users01.dbf

SWITCH

SET NEWNAMEOracle Database 11 g R2 (11.2)

SET NEWNAME1. SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE SET NEWNAME FOR TEMPFILE

2. SET NEWNAME FOR TABLESPACE3. SET NEWNAME FOR DATABASE

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

SET NEWNAME

data-D-%d_id-%I_TS-%N_FNO-%f

%U

%N

* *%b

DBID%I

%f

RUN{ SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 1 TO '/oradata1/system01.dbf';SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 2 TO '/oradata2/sysaux01.dbf';SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 3 TO '/oradata3/undotbs01.dbf';SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 4 TO '/oradata4/users01.dbf';SET NEWNAME FOR TABLESPACE example TO '/oradata5/%b';DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE TO dupldb; }

SET NEWNAMESET NEWNAME

%b %f %U %I %N

SET NEWNAME FOR TABLESPACE SET NEWNAME

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NOARCHIVELOG

• NOARCHIVELOG

– – –

•

NOARCHIVELOG

NOARCHIVELOG

NOARCHIVELOG

RESTORE RECOVER Oracle EnterpriseManager

1.

2. “ Maintenance ” “ Perform Recovery ”

3. “ Whole Database ”

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© 2011 Oracle

•

•

SQL> CREATE RESTORE POINT before_mods;

SQL> CREATE RESTORE POINT end_q1 AS OF SCN 100;

SCN

•

BEFORE_MODS

• SCN 100

CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME

PRESERVE

V$RESTORE_POINT SCN

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© 2011 Oracle

1. SCN

2. NLS

3.

4. SET UNTIL RESTORE RECOVERRUN

5. READONLY

6. RESETLOGS

ARCHIVELOG

1. SCN3:00 2:59

2. (NLS) RMAN

$ export NLS_LANG = american_america.us7ascii$ export NLS_DATE_FORMAT = "yyyy-mm-dd:hh24:mi:ss"

3. RMAN> shutdown immediateRMAN> startup mount

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4. RUN RECOVER RESTORE RUNUNTIL SCN

RESTORE SCNRUN

RUN{SET UNTIL TIME '2007-08-14:21:59:00';RESTORE DATABASE;RECOVER DATABASE;

}

5. / READONLY

RMAN> SQL 'ALTER DATABASE OPEN READ ONLY';

6. RESETLOGSRMAN> ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;

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© 2011 Oracle

FROM MEMORY

SQL> CREATE PFILE [= 'pfile_name' ]FROM { { SPFILE [= 'spfile_name'] } | MEMORY} ;

SQL> CREATE SPFILE [= 'spfile_name' ]FROM { { PFILE [= 'pfile_name' ] } | MEMORY} ;

FROM MEMORY(PFILE) (SPFILE)

RAC

alert.log Oracle Database 11 g alert.log

PFILE PFILE SPFILEalert.log PFILE

COMPATIBLE 11.0.0.0

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle


RMAN> STARTUP FORCE NOMOUNT;RMAN> RESTORE SPFILE FROM AUTOBACKUP;RMAN> STARTUP FORCE;

FROM MEMORY

DBID RESTORE SPFILE FROM AUTOBACKUP

SPFILERESTORE SPFILE TO FROM AUTOBACKUP

RMAN> run {2> restore spfile from autobackup3> recovery area = '< flash recovery area destination >'4> db_name = '< db_name >';5> }

8/16/2019 Oracle 11g 1


© 2011 Oracle

Recovery

Manager (RMAN)

RMAN> STARTUP NOMOUNT;RMAN> RESTORE CONTROLFILE FROM AUTOBACKUP;RMAN> ALTER DATABASE MOUNT;RMAN> RECOVER DATABASE;RMAN> ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;

RMAN

NOMOUNT

RESETLOGS

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NOMOUNTRESTORE CONTROLFILE FROM AUTOBACKUP

(DBID)RMAN> SHUTDOWN ABORT;RMAN> STARTUP NOMOUNT;RMAN> SET DBID 1090770270;RMAN> RESTORE CONTROLFILE FROM AUTOBACKUP;

RMAN RMANCONTROL_FILES

DBIDRESTORE CONTROLFILE

RMAN> RESTORE CONTROLFILE;

NOMOUNT RMANCONTROL_FILES

RESTORE CONTROLFILE ... TO

SPFILEDBID RESTORE SPFILE FROM

AUTOBACKUP

RMAN

RESETLOGS

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© 2011 Oracle

NOARCHIVELOG

NOARCHIVELOG

STARTUP FORCE NOMOUNT;RESTORE CONTROLFILE;

ALTER DATABASE MOUNT;RESTORE DATABASE;RECOVER DATABASE NOREDO;

ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;

NOARCHIVELOGNOARCHIVELOG

RMAN 0 1

RECOVER DATABASENOREDO NOREDO RMAN

RMAN

NOREDO RECOVER DATABASE

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6.SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;

7. _DEST

8. NOMOUNTRMAN> STARTUP NOMOUNT

> PFILE='?/oradata/test/initorcl.ora';

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RUN{SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 1 TO '?/oradata/test/system01.dbf';SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 2 TO '?/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf';

SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 3 TO '?/oradata/test/sysaux.dbf';SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 4 TO '?/oradata/test/users01.dbf';SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 5 TO '?/oradata/test/example01.dbf';SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log''TO ''?/oradata/test/redo01.log'' ";SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log''TO ''?/oradata/test/redo02.log'' ";SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log''TO ''?/oradata/test/redo03.log'' ";SET UNTIL SCN 4545727;

RESTORE DATABASE;SWITCH DATAFILE ALL;RECOVER DATABASE;}

11.

12. RESETLOGSRMAN> ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;

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© 2011 Oracle

•

•

• –

–

–

•

•

•

Oracle Data Guard Oracle Data GuardConcepts and Administration

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• RMAN

• I/O RMAN

• RMAN

• • RMAN MAXPIECESIZE

FILESPERSET MAXOPENFILES• RMAN BACKUP DURATION

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© 2011 Oracle

41 5

MML 1

2

2 3 9

MML

6 7 8

3MML

CONFIGURE PARALLELISM 1RMAN

RMAN> RUN {2> ALLOCATE CHANNEL c1 DEVICE TYPE sbt;3> ALLOCATE CHANNEL c2 DEVICE TYPE sbt;4> ALLOCATE CHANNEL c3 DEVICE TYPE sbt;5> BACKUP

6> INCREMENTAL LEVEL = 07> (DATAFILE 1,4,5 CHANNEL c1)8> (DATAFILE 2,3,9 CHANNEL c2)9> (DATAFILE 6,7,8 CHANNEL c3);

10> SQL 'ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT';11> }

BACKUP DEVICE TYPE sbt DATAFILE '/home/oracle/system01.dbf';BACKUP DEVICE TYPE sbt DATAFILE 1;

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RMAN

• PARALLELISM 1

•

• 1 9

•

- 1 4 5 1

- 2 3 9 2

- 6 7 8 3FILESPERSET

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© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

• V$SESSION V$PROCESSRMAN

• SET COMMAND ID

SQL> COLUMN CLIENT_INFO FORMAT a30SQL> COLUMN SID FORMAT 999

SQL> COLUMN SPID FORMAT 9999SQL> SELECT s.sid, p.spid, s.client_info2 FROM v$process p, v$session s3 WHERE p.addr = s.paddr4 AND CLIENT_INFO LIKE 'rman%';

RMANRMAN V$SESSION

V$PROCESS V$PROCESS SPID ID UNIXSPID ID Windows SPID ID

RMAN RMANRMAN

SQL> COLUMN CLIENT_INFO FORMAT a30SQL> COLUMN SID FORMAT 999SQL> COLUMN SPID FORMAT 9999SQL> SELECT s.sid, p.spid, s.client_info

2 FROM v$process p, v$session s3 WHERE p.addr = s.paddr4 AND CLIENT_INFO LIKE 'rman%';

SID SPID CLIENT_INFO---- ------------ ------------------------------

15 2714 rman channel=ORA_SBT_TAPE_113 2715 rman channel=ORA_SBT_TAPE_2

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RMAN

RMAN SET COMMAND ID

1. ID 1

RUN{SET COMMAND ID TO 'sess1';BACKUP DATABASE;}

2 ID sess2RUN{SET COMMAND ID TO 'sess2';BACKUP DATABASE;

}2. SQL*Plus RMAN V$SESSION

V$PROCESSSELECT SID, SPID, CLIENT_INFOFROM V$PROCESS p, V$SESSION sWHERE p.ADDR = s.PADDRAND CLIENT_INFO LIKE '%id=sess%';

RMAN SET COMMAND ID CLIENT_INFO

id=command_id,rman channel=channel_id

SID SPID CLIENT_INFO---- ------------ ------------------------------11 8358 id=sess115 8638 id=sess214 8374 id=sess1,rman channel=c19 8642 id=sess2,rman channel=c1

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© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

V$SESSION_LONGOPS

SQL> SELECT OPNAME, CONTEXT, SOFAR, TOTALWORK,2 ROUND(SOFAR/TOTALWORK*100,2) "%_COMPLETE"3 FROM V$SESSION_LONGOPS4 WHERE OPNAME LIKE 'RMAN%'5 AND OPNAME NOT LIKE '%aggregate%'6 AND TOTALWORK != 07 AND SOFAR TOTALWORK;

SID SERIAL# CONTEXT SOFAR TOTALWORK %_COMPLETE--- ------- ------- ------- --------- ----------

13 75 1 9470 15360 61.6512 81 1 15871 28160 56.36

RMAN

V$SESSION_LONGOPS RMANV$SESSION_LONGOPS

RMAN

STATISTICS_LEVEL TYPICAL ALLV$SESSION_LONGOPS

V$SESSION_LONGOPS RMAN• OPNAME RMAN:datafile copy

RMAN:full datafile backup RMAN:full datafile restore• CONTEXT 2

1• SOFAR

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RMAN

• TOTALWORK 0 RMAN

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© 2011 Oracle

RMAN

RMAN

• RMAN

• RMAN

• • Oracle Server

• sbtio.log

RMAN

RMAN RMAN RMANRMAN RMAN-nnnnLOG shell

RMAN DEBUG TRACE

RMAN

Oracle Oracle Server ORA-600 ORA-3113ORA-7445 RMAN

USER_DUMP_DEST

sbtio.logUSER_DUMP_DEST Oracle Server RMAN

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© 2011 Oracle

DEBUG

• DEBUG – PL/SQL

– RMAN

• DEBUG RMAN run

• DEBUG

$ rman target / catalog rman/rman debug trace trace.log

DEBUGDEBUG RMAN SQL

PL/SQL 3DEBUG 4

RMAN> run {debug on;allocate channel c1 type disk;backup datafile 3;debug off;backup datafile 4; }

DEBUG 0.5$ rman target / catalog rman/rman debug trace sample.logRMAN> backup database;RMAN> host "ls –l sample.log";-rw-r--r-- 1 user02 dba 576270 Apr 6 10:38 sample.loghost command complete

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RMAN

• • Additional information• RMAN-03009

RMAN-00571: ===========================================RMAN-00569: ======= ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =======RMAN-00571: ===========================================RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on c1 channel at

09/04/2001 13:18:19ORA-19506: failed to create sequential file,

name="07d36ecp_1_1", parms=""ORA-27007: failed to open fileSVR4 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 7005 Additional information: 1

ORA-19511: Error from media manager layer,error text:

RMAN

RMAN RMAN

•

• Additional information

• RMAN

• RMAN-03002 RMAN-03009 RMAN-03009RMAN-03002 ID RMAN

RMAN-00558

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RMAN

• RMAN BACKUP RESTORE – –

• • RMAN

•

RMAN

RMAN

•

•

“ ” RMAN RMANRMAN /

(I/O) RMAN I/ORMAN

RMAN I/O

I/OI/O (SIO) I/O (AIO)

RMAN I/O I/O

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© 2011 Oracle

1 MB

1 MB

1 MB

1 MB

FILESPERSET = 4 MAXOPENFILES = 4

1 MB

1 MB

1 MB

1 MB

1 MB

1 MB

1 MB

1 MB

1 MB

1 MB

1 MB

1 MB

MAXOPENFILES 4FILESPERSET 4 44 MB

4 MB 1 4 = 16 MB

MAXOPENFILES

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I/O I/O

/

I/O

0100100

0100100

1 2

43

I/O I/O

RMAN I/O I/OI/O I/O

I/O I/O I/O

I/O BACKUP_TAPE_IO_SLAVESTRUE I/O I/O

I/O

1.

2. Oracle

3.

4.

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© 2011 Oracle

I/O I/O

3 2

/ 0100100

0100100 0100100

1 2

I/O

I/O I/O I/O Oracle

BACKUP_TAPE_IO_SLAVES TRUEI/O Oracle I/O I/O

DBWR_IO_SLAVES I/OOracle DBWR_IO_SLAVES I/O

I/O

1.

2.

3.

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RMAN

• – V$BACKUP_SYNC_IO – V$BACKUP_ASYNC_IO

• – – –

• I/O

RMAN

I/O BACKUP_DISK_IO_SLAVES TRUEI/O V$BACKUP_ASYNC_IO

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I/O

• V$BACKUP_ASYNC_IO I/O

• LONG_WAITS IO_COUNT

– IO_COUNT I/O – LONG_WAITS “ /

I/O ”

• – SHORT_WAIT_TIME_TOTAL – LONG_WAIT_TIME_TOTAL

I/O

V$BACKUP_ASYNC_IO I/O LONG_WAITS “I/O ” SHORT_WAITS /

I/O I/OI/O I/O

V$BACKUP_ASYNC_IO LONG_WAITSIO_COUNT

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I/O

• I/O

• V$BACKUP_SYNC_IODISCRETE_BYTES_PER_SECOND I/O – –

I/O

I/O I/OOracle I/O I/O

I/O I/O

V$BACKUP_SYNC_IOV$BACKUP_SYNC_IO I/O

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CONFIGURE CHANNEL ALLOCATE CHANNEL

• • RMAN

• • I/O

• SBT

CONFIGURE CHANNEL ALLOCATE CHANNEL

MAXPIECESIZE RMANRMAN

RATE RMAN RMAN(OLTP)

3 MB RATE=1500K

MAXOPENFILES8 RMAN MAXOPENFILES

RMAN

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SBT

RUN{

ALLOCATE CHANNEL c1 DEVICE TYPE sbt;ALLOCATE CHANNEL c2 DEVICE TYPE sbt;ALLOCATE CHANNEL c3 DEVICE TYPE sbt;BACKUP (DATAFILE 1,2,5 CHANNEL c1)

(DATAFILE 4,6 CHANNEL c2)(DATAFILE 3,7,8 CHANNEL c3);

BACKUP DATABASE NOT BACKED UP;}

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BACKUP

• MAXPIECESIZE• FILESPERSET RMAN

• MAXOPENFILES

• BACKUP DURATION

BACKUPMAXPIECESIZE

FILESPERSETRMAN 50

FILESPERSET=5 10

MAXOPENFILES ASM 12

ASM

MAXOPENFILESBACKUP BACKUP DU

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