Optimizing hydrogen production from organic wastewater treatment in batch reactors through experimental and kinetic analysis Yogesh Sharma, Baikun Li* Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA article info Article history: Received 9 June 2009 Accepted 13 June 2009 Available online 5 July 2009 Keywords: Hydrogen production Anaerobic wastewater treatment Chemical oxygen demand pH Specific hydrogen yield Hydrogen production rate abstract Anaerobic hydrogen production from organic wastewater, an emerging biotechnology to generate clean energy resources from wastewater treatment, is critical for environmental and energy sustainability. In this study, hydrogen production, biomass growth and organic substrate degradation were comprehensively examined at different levels of two critical parameters (chemical oxygen demand (COD) and pH). Hydrogen yields had a reverse correlation with COD concentrations. The highest specific hydrogen yield (SHY) of 2.1 mole H 2 /mole glucose was achieved at the lowest COD of 1 g/L and decreased to 0.7 mole H 2 / mole glucose at the highest COD of 20 g/L. The pH of 5.5–6.0 was optimal for hydrogen production with the SHY of 1.6 mole H 2 /mole glucose, whereas the acidic pH (4.5) and neutral pH (6.0–7.0) lowered the hydrogen yields. Under all operational conditions, acetate and butyrate were the main components in the liquid fermentation products. Additionally, a comprehensive kinetic analysis of biomass growth, substrate degradation and hydrogen production was performed. The maximum rates of microbial growth (m m ) and substrate utilization (R su ) were 0.03 g biomass/g biomass/day and 0.25 g glucose/g biomass/day, respectively. The optimum pH for the rate of hydrogen production (R H2 ) and SHY were 5.89 and 5.74 respectively. Based on the kinetic analysis, the highest R H2 and SHY for batch- mode anaerobic hydrogen production systems were projected to be 13.7 mL/h and 2.32 mole H 2 /mole glucose. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Association for Hydrogen Energy. 1. Introduction Wastewater contains significant amount of organic substances (i.e. carbohydrates) that can be converted to energy (i.e. methane, hydrogen). Hydrogen is expected to be a substitute for fossil fuel as a clean energy resource, since it only generates water when burning [1]. In the two-phase anaerobic treatment of wastewater, hydrogen is produced in the acidogenesis phase (Reaction (1)), which is much faster and more resistant to environmental shocks than the following methanogenic phase (Reaction (2)). The fermenta- tion liquid products are mainly volatile fatty acids (VFAs) such as acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid that are easily biodegradable. Several bacteria species (i.e. Clostridium pas- teurianum) have been found to degrade glucose and produces hydrogen along with acetate and butyrate (Reactions (1) and (3)) [2]. C 6 H 12 O 6 þ 2H 2 O / 2CH 3 COOH þ 4H 2 þ 2CO 2 (1) * Corresponding author. Tel.: 860 486 2339; fax: 860 486 2298 E-mail address: [email protected](B. Li). Available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/he 0360-3199/$ – see front matter Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Association for Hydrogen Energy. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.06.031 international journal of hydrogen energy 34 (2009) 6171–6180
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Optimizing hydrogen production from organic wastewater treatment in batch reactors through experimental and kinetic analysis
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i n t e r n a t i o n a l j o u r n a l o f h y d r o g e n e n e r g y 3 4 ( 2 0 0 9 ) 6 1 7 1 – 6 1 8 0
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Optimizing hydrogen production from organic wastewatertreatment in batch reactors through experimentaland kinetic analysis
Yogesh Sharma, Baikun Li*
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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