Optimal operation of V2H and stationary storage batteries in a massive PV penetrated consumer group Takaya Sadatome,Yuzuru Ueda Department of Electrical Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Japan 3rd E-Mobility Power System Integration Symposium, Ireland Crowne Plaza Dublin Airport October 14, 2019
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Optimal operation of V2H and stationary storage batteries in a massive
PV penetrated consumer group
Takaya Sadatome,Yuzuru Ueda
Department of Electrical Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Japan
3rd E-Mobility Power System Integration Symposium, Ireland Crowne Plaza Dublin Airport
October 14, 2019
Photovoltaic Systems and Renewable Energy Integration TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE 2019/8/9 1
Introduction|Recent trends in prosumers
The self-consumption of the power from residential PV by using EVs
Residential PV(Photovoltaic) • Duration of Feed-in tariff is ten years.
• The number of expired PV will increase.
Storage system • Prosumers may start shifting to
a self-consuming lifestyle.
EV(Electric Vehicle) • EV batteries are used as home power
supply (Vehicle-to-home (V2H)).
• EV’s environmental performance
depends on the power supply
Photovoltaic Systems and Renewable Energy Integration TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE 2019/8/9 2
System model Prosumer → 534 houses in a prosumer group
𝒅𝒅𝒕𝒕,𝒏𝒏 = 𝒍𝒍𝒕𝒕,𝒏𝒏 + 𝒔𝒔𝒕𝒕,𝒏𝒏 + 𝒆𝒆𝒕𝒕,𝒏𝒏 − 𝒑𝒑𝒕𝒕,𝒏𝒏 = 𝒈𝒈𝒕𝒕,𝒏𝒏 + 𝒐𝒐𝒕𝒕,𝒏𝒏 𝒕𝒕:time(time interval:10 min.), 𝒏𝒏:The number of houses and batteries(1~534)
SB
PV
EVLoad
Grid
𝒔𝒔𝒕𝒕,𝒏𝒏 𝒆𝒆𝒕𝒕,𝒏𝒏𝒍𝒍𝒕𝒕,𝒏𝒏
𝒑𝒑𝒕𝒕,𝒏𝒏
𝒈𝒈𝒕𝒕,𝒏𝒏
𝒅𝒅𝒕𝒕,𝒏𝒏
One Prosumer
other houses
𝒐𝒐𝒕𝒕,𝒏𝒏
Prosumer Group
Photovoltaic Systems and Renewable Energy Integration TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE 2019/8/9 3
Objective
• Propose the optimal battery operation to improve the self-consumption rate
in prosumer group
• Provide EV users convenience for driving
Peer-to-Peer transaction Prosumers (Group)
Electric Power
company
Photovoltaic Systems and Renewable Energy Integration TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE 2019/8/9 4
Battery operation outline
Single house operation
Group operation
Quick charge of EV
Use their own home appliance and batteries
Share surplus PV energy in group with others in the same group
Keep sufficient SOC of EV for driving …
…
…
Step1
Step2
Step3
Photovoltaic Systems and Renewable Energy Integration TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE 2019/8/9 5
Operation in each house
Prosumers consume PV power
1. by home appliance
2. by stationary battery or EV
Battery operation’s aim is the improvement of the self-consumption rate
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
time [h]
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
pow
er
[kW
]
before afterSingle house operation
Group operation
Quick charge of EV
Ensure EV user’s convenience
• SOC constraint of EV for
driving
Net demand get close to zero • Discharge during night
• Charge more PV energy
Two basic rules Step1
Step2
Step3
Photovoltaic Systems and Renewable Energy Integration TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE 2019/8/9 6
EV driving pattern SOC constraint (constraint time)
M T W T F S S
50km
Distance:150km (Sat.9am-Sun.9pm)
A1:Long-distance weekend leisure
82.5% (Sat.12am-9am)
M T W T F S S
150km
Distance:50km (Sat.10am-Sun.8pm)
41% (Sat.7am-10am)
A2:Short-distance weekend leisure
Distance:50km (Mon. Wed. Fri. Sun. 10am-5pm)
41% (7am-10am) B1:Active use
M T W T F S S
50km
Distance:5km (Mon. Wed. Fri. Sun. 1pm-5pm)
22.5% (12pm-1pm) B2:Suburban use
M T W T F S S 5km
Distance:50km (Weekdays 7am-7pm)
C1:Long-distance commuting
41% (4am-7am) M T W T F S S
50km
Distance:15km (Weekdays 8am-6pm)
C2:Short-distance commuting
26.5% (7am-8am) M T W T F S S
15km
Photovoltaic Systems and Renewable Energy Integration TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE 2019/8/9 7
EV constraint calculation SOC constraint (constraint time)
Photovoltaic Systems and Renewable Energy Integration TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE 2019/8/9 25
Conclusion
Acknowledgment A part of this study was supported by CREST JST (issue number: JPMJCR15K1). We would like to thank everyone who supported this study.
• Proposed battery operation method to improve the self-consumption rate in group. • SOC Constraint (EV battery) contributed to EV user convenience. • Operating prosumers as a group
Photovoltaic Systems and Renewable Energy Integration TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE 2019/8/9 26
Reference [1] Takaya Sadatome, Yuzuru Ueda, “Examination of improvement effect of self-consumption rate by introducing V2H system”, Grand Renewable Energy 2018 Proceedings.,
[2] National road and street traffic situation survey, “FY2015 National road and street traffic situation survey / General traffic survey / summary table”, [Online]. Available: http://www.mlit.go.jp/road/census/h27/ (in Japanese)
[3] New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, ”NEDO PV-Powered Vehicle Strategy Committee Interim Report”, January 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.nedo.go.jp/content/100885778.pdf.
[4] Ministry of the Environment, Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry, Japan, “Emission factor by electric power company (for the calculation of greenhouse gas emissions of specified emitters) -FY2016 results-”, 18. Dec. 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.env.go.jp/press/files/jp/109569.pdf (in Japanese)
[5] New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, ”Solar power development strategy (NEDO PV Challenges)”, September 2014.
[6] The website of the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO), Japan, “About consignment fee equivalent, etc.”, 18. Dec. 2017. [Online]. Available: http://www.tepco.co.jp/ep/private/plan2/chargelist06.html (in Japanese).
Photovoltaic Systems and Renewable Energy Integration TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE 2019/8/9 27
Reference [7] New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, “Photovoltaic power generation roadmap for 2030”, 18. Dec. 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.nedo.go.jp/content/100086787.pdf (in Japanese).
[8] The International Renewable Energy Agency, ”2017 renewable energy generation costs”, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2018/Jan/IRENA_2017_Power_Costs_Summary_2018_JP_29052018.pdf?la=en&hash=BD0500DD2BE7C3779063E74F1248493D74AB98D6
[9] Eiki Arai, Yuzuru, Ueda, “Development of simple estimation model for aggregated residential load by using temperature data in multi-region,” 4th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications, #233, Italy, Nov. 22-25 (2015))
[10] S. Nishikawa and K. Kato “Demonstrative research on grid interconnection of clustered photovoltaic power generation systems” in Proc. 3rd WCPEC 2003, pp. 2652 2654.
Supplement
Photovoltaic Systems and Renewable Energy Integration TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE 2019/8/9 29
Near-future system
1. Effective use of PV energy by stationary battery and V2H
2. Peer-to-peer (P2P) electric power transactions
3. Prosumers are aggregated into prosumer’s group
Stationary battery
EV (V2H)
Aggregator
P2P
Photovoltaic Systems and Renewable Energy Integration TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE 2019/8/9 30
EV driving pattern
Pattern Type Driving time Driving
distance Constraint time
(EV battery) Driving constraint
(EV battery)
A. Weekend
A1:Long-distance weekend leisure
Sat.9am-Sun.9pm
150km Sat,12am-9am 82.5%
A2:Short-distance weekend leisure
Sat.10am-Sun.8pm
50km Sat,7am-10am 41%
B. Weekday/weekend (Mon., Wed., Fri., Sun.)
B1:Active use 10am-5pm 50km 7am-10am 41%
B2:Suburban use 1am-5pm 5km 12pm-1m 22.5%
C. Weekday
C1:Long-distance commuting
7am-7pm 50km 4am-7am 41%
C2:Short-distance commuting
8am-6pm 15km 7am-8am 26.5%
Table.1 EV driving pattern[1][2]
The difference in driving patterns provides the opportunity for the group's EVs to be charged with energy from residential PV.
Photovoltaic Systems and Renewable Energy Integration TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE 2019/8/9 31
EV constraint calculation SOC constraint (constraint time)