Optical Transients and Big data in context of Indian ...

OpticalTransientsandBigdataincontextofIndianAstronomy

ProgramsAmiteshOmar(IndianCo-I)

AryabhattaResearchInstituteofobservationalscience(ARIES),Nainital

Contributor/participantsfromIndiaYogeshWadadekar,NationalCentreforRadioAstrophysics(Indianco-I)G.C.AnupamaIndianInstituteofAstrophysicsMihirArjunwadkarSPPuneUniversityRamanaAthreyaIndianInstituteofScienceEducationandResearch,PuneDipankarBhattacharyaInter-UniversityCentreforAstronomyandAstrophysicsHumChandAryabhattaResearchInstituteofobservationalsciencesIshwara-ChandraCHNationalCentreforRadioAstrophysicsNeerajGuptaInter-UniversityCentreforAstronomyandAstrophysicsYashwantGuptaNationalCentreforRadioAstrophysicsRutaKaleNationalCentreforRadioAstrophysicsBrijeshKumarAryabhattaResearchInstituteofobservationalsciencesKuntalMisraAryabhattaResearchInstituteofobservationalsciencesJayantMurthyIndianInstituteofAstrophysicsDivyaOberoiNationalCentreforRadioAstrophysicsDivendraOjhaTataInstituteforFundamentalResearchShashiPandeyAryabhattaResearchInstituteofobservationalsciencesM.C.RamadeviU.R.RaoSatelliteCentreMargaritaSafonovaIndianInstituteofAstrophysicsD.K.SahuIndianInstituteofAstrophysicsK.P.SinghIndianInstituteofScienceEducationandResearchMohaliC.S.StalinIndianInstituteofAstrophysics

NecessityoftheITDNproposal•  Transientastronomyisthestudyofchangesinthecelestialobjectsover

differenttime-scalesvaryingfromafewmillisecondstominutestohourstoyears.

•  AlargenumberofIndianastronomerspursueresearchonphysicsof

transientphenomenasincemanydecadesandalargefractionoftheresearchoutputfromIndiaconstitutespublicationsintheseareasfromallastronomyinstitutes.

•  Withthenewfacilitiescomingupacrosstheglobespecificallyfortransients,

scopeofautomateddataanalysesusingArtificialIntelligence/MachineLearning(AI/ML)becomesthemostimportant.

•  High-impactresearchworksonthisarearequiresjoininghandswithdifferentobservatoriessoastomonitorcelestialobjectsforlonghoursastheysetinoneobservatorybutappearinotherobservatoriesatdifferentlongitudes.

LegacyofsystematicopticaltransientobservationsinIndia

•  Early/historicalprograms–Variablestars,Novae,lunaroccultationin20thcentury.Sunandsolar-systemobjectssincelate18thcentury(cf.MadrasObservatory1786).

•  1-2metersizeopticaltelescopesinIndiaplayedimportantrolein

observationstransients.•  Activeprogramsonsupernovae,GammaRaybursts,X-raybinaries,

Activestars,ActiveGalacticNuclei(Black-holes)variabilityarebeingcontinuedwithallthetelescopesinIndia.

•  IndiancommunityhasbroaderinterestsinwidevarietyofopticaltransientsincludingEMcounterpartsofGWsources,reverberationmapping,low-luminosityAGNs,Blazars,X-raysources/Pulsars-fast-variability(milli-secondimaging),TDEs,UVtransients,FastRadioBurstsetc.

•  AlargefractionofA&AresearchoutputfromIndiaisintheaboveareas–someresearchalreadybeingcarriedoutincollaborationwithastronomersintheBRICScountries.

4meterclass&largersteerableopticaltelescopes

Zalenchuksky6-mRussian

LaPalma4.2-mEuropean

Devasthal3.6-mIndian&Belgium

SidingSpring3.9-mAustralian

Longitudinal(Geographical)CoverageIndia’s3.6-mtelescopefillsthegapnicely!!=>Importantfordetailedfollow-upobservationsoftransients

Sutherland10-mSALT

MajorfacilitiesfromIndiawhicharecontributinggloballyfortransientobservationsandcanjoinITDNproject

Ø  ConnectedNetworkofsmalltelescopesinIndiacanbecomepartofBRICSITDN

India’sparticipationinMegaprojects

Thirty-MeterTelescope(TMT) Square-kilometerArray(SKA) LIGOIndia

Ø  SomeparticipatingmembersinBRICSITDNprojectarealsomembersinabovemegaprojects

Ø  Pre-existingsynergytotaketheBRICSprogramforwardwithcommonresourcesavailableintheparticipatingcountries.

KeyScienceareasofinterestsidentified(Indiancontext)1.  EMcounterpartsofGWsources2.  GRB/supernovaescience3.  Intermediatemassblackhole–reverberation,variability4.  Blazar,QuasarandotherAGNvariability5.  Fastradiobursts6.  Stellarvariability,cataclysmic,Novaevariables7.  UVtransientsfromplanetarycollisions,TDEs,IMBHetc.8.  Gravitationallensing9.  Solarphysics10.  planetaryoccultation11.  satellitedebristracking12.  Extrasolarplanets

IndianTelescope’spossibledataproductsforITDN

•  Deepradiocontinuumimagingandspectroscopyfollow-upsfromGMRT

•  High-energybandsfollow-upswithAstroSat&upcomingspace-bornefacilities

•  Fainttransienttriggersfrom4-mILMT,Opticalspectroscopyanddeepimagingfollow-upsusing2-mHCTand3.6-mDOT.

•  Polarimetry(+spectrum)capabilitiesarebeingexpandedonIndianopticalfacilities–henceobservationsinpolarimetrymode.

MutualbenefitsamongtheBRICSpartners

•  Challengesoflargedata(PBs)handling,automatedanalyses(AI/ML)arecommonandislargelyun-exploredinastronomy

⇒  Joininghandstogether,earlierisbetter.

•  Commonsciencegoalswithobservationsofidenticalsources(skyissameforall)

⇒ Collaborationisnecessary.

•  Synergywithspacesituationalawarenessprogramsforprotectingspaceassets(satellitesetc.)fromman-madespacedebrisandprotectinghumankindfrompotentiallyhazardousimpactsfromnaturalasteroidsetc.

⇒  Importanttoworktogetherforhumankind.

NicheareasforIndianTransientprogramsunderBRICSITDN

•  EstablishaTrigger-basedlargefield-of-viewdedicatedsurveytelescopeinIndianlongitudesundertheBRICSprogram.

•  Specializedfollow-upobservationsofmostinterestingsourcesusing

theexisting2-mHCT,3.6-mDOTandGMRT.

•  Scienceandtrainingofhumanresources(PhDstudentsetc.)incollaborationwithpartnercountries.

•  Networkingofobservatories/computing–engineeringaspects–participationwithIndianindustries/experts

•  SynergywithIndianspaceastronomyprograms+MegascienceprogramsforBigdatamanagement,AI/MLforsourceidentifications.