Optical Computing

Optical ComputingA Presentation on CSE 532/ CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

M . Rubaiyat Bin Sattar [email protected] 14/9/2010

Submitted to Dr. Abul L Huq

Course : CEG 433 , summer 2010

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

General meaning of the optical computing is the light computing. Laser beam instead of electric current. all internal circuits uses light instead of electricity.Optical computing was the hot research topic in 1980 s but for the limitation of materials it was not implemented. Engineers are still trying to implement a complete optical computer .Today's Optical computer known as Electro-optical-hybrid computer in which data is received by electron and transferred by Optics .

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

Albert Einstein says : speed of light is 3*10^8 per second which is about 186,000 miles per second. So if we can make a computer with light it will be faster than anyone can ever think of. Prism and lens (1st idea ) Limitation :distortion of light GaAs VLSI technology and same time silicon photonic (Significant change )Now An Optical Computer also called a photonic computer.

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

--> Wave Optics --> Coherency --> Fourier Optics --> Lens as Phase Transformation --> Polarization & Anisotropic Crystals

Wave optics attempts to explain light as wave phenomena means wave format. Speed-of-light, 3v108 km / sec. v = P v h = c

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

--> Wave Optics --> Coherency --> Fourier Optics --> Lens as Phase Transformation --> Polarization & Anisotropic Crystals

Manipulation of information carried by electromagnetic waves The basic operation is the double Fourier transformations.

In the below picture green laser for writing the hologram of the input array and a red laser for reading-processing.

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

--> Wave Optics --> Coherency --> Fourier Optics --> Lens as Phase Transformation --> Polarization & Anisotropic Crystals

Study of classical optics using Fourier Transforms. [a] 1D-2D Fourier transform [b] Correlation, Convolution [c] Storing complex function in film [d] Phase hologram

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

--> Wave Optics --> Coherency --> Fourier Optics --> Lens as Phase Transformation --> Polarization & Anisotropic Crystals

A thin lens acts as a phase transformation if (i) a ray entering at coordinates (x, y) (ii) same coordinates on the opposite face.

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

--> Wave Optics --> Coherency --> Fourier Optics --> Lens as Phase Transformation --> Polarization & Anisotropic Crystals

The term anisotropy refers to a non-uniform spatial distribution, which result different value from several direction within same material It can pass through at a single velocity.

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

--> VCSEL --> SLMs --> Integrated Opticsi) WDM ii) Spectrum

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser : semiconductor vertical cavity surface emitting laser diode that emits light in a cylindrical beam vertically from the surface of a fabricated wafer.

VCSEL device structure and diagram

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

--> VCSEL --> SLMs --> Integrated Opticsi) WDM ii) Spectrum

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser : semiconductor vertical cavity surface emitting laser diode that emits light in a cylindrical beam vertically from the surface of a fabricated wafer.

Wafer Surface

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

How VSCEL and Photodiode used for interconnection in circuit board:

--> VCSEL --> SLMs --> Integrated Opticsi) WDM ii) Spectrum

VCSEL VCSEL convert electric singal to optical when pass through pair of lenses . Micro-mirrors are used to direct the light beam Photodiode convert the optical signal back to the electrical signal

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

--> VCSEL --> SLMs --> Integrated Opticsi) WDM ii) Spectrum

A spatial light modulator (SLM) is an object that imposes some form of spatially-varying modulation on a beam of light. Basically it is used for display purpose.

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

--> VCSEL --> SLMs --> Integrated Opticsi) WDM ii) Spectrum

WDM (WAVELENGTH DIVISION ULTIPLEXING) : is a method of sending many different wavelengths . It can transmit at 10 gigabits per second through the same fiber at the same time.

Separating a beam of light into its colors

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

--> VCSEL --> SLMs --> Integrated Opticsi) WDM ii) Spectrum

Applications to Spectrum Analysis and Filtering Spectrum can be calculated from the result of a wavelet transform. This high pass filter is calculated as the quadrature mirror of the low pass filter for analysis with orthogonal wavelets. A wavelet is a wave-like oscillation with an amplitude. Quadrature mirror filter split a input signal into two band The role of smart pixel technology and nonlinear material in optical computing has become extremely significant

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

DeMorgan s Law Shannon s Law Parallelism 2D InterConnect Logic Gates

Three most basic hardware components . They are > Source, a modulator, and a detector.

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Architecture

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

Next Generation input Two set of Conclusion gate /Two words

DeMorgan s Law Shannon s Law Parallelism E 2D InterConnect L Logic Gates E C T R O D function as OR gate

Acoustic optic cell means sound or the sense of hearing (Like in a musical instrument)

DeMorgans law the output of the inverter

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

DeMorgan s Law Shannon s Law Parallelism 2D InterConnect Logic Gates

The control logic architecture

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

CONTROL LOGIC DeMorgan s Law Shannon s Law Parallelism 2D InterConnect Logic Gates AND OP OR OP

Transducers

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

DeMorgan s Law Shannon s Law Parallelism 2D InterConnect Logic Gates AND function represent by following way : f1=x1x2x3 .xnf(1,1,1, 1) f2=x1x2x3 xnf(0,1,1 1) f3=x1x2x3 xnf(1,0,1 ..1) f4=x1x2x3 .xnf(0,0,1 ..1) ............................................. Fk=x1x2x3 .xnf(0,0, ..0) OR ed and Boolean summed is Y(x1,x2,x3 .xn)=f1+f2+f3 fk [ where K=2^N functional ]

AND

OR

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

DeMorgan s Law Shannon s Law Parallelism 2D InterConnect Logic Gates

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing

Introduction Structure

Background control matrices recorded in the hologram Concept Devices Architecture All Memory Development Next Generation Conclusion

DeMorgan s Law Shannon s Law Parallelism 2D InterConnect Logic Gates

DL = 1

Cylindrical lens placed between,DANE DANE (detection ,amplification and output detector array represent negation and emission most primitive parallel method

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

DeMorgan s Law Shannon s Law Parallelism 2D InterConnect Logic Gates

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Devices Architecture two Concept Two dimensional control operate array dimensional input data array Development Next Generation Conclusion

Second operate ArrayDeMorgan s Law Shannon s Law Parallelism 2D InterConnect Logic Gates

2 Detector Plane

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

DeMorgan s Law Shannon s Law Parallelism 2D InterConnect Logic Gates Green pulsed Nd:YAG input laser was used together with a red continuous wave (cw) He-Ne beam. He-Ne laser is the most widely used laser with continuous power

Ultra-fast All-Optical LOGIC GATES for optical computing

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

Uniform Transfer light 1A,1B,3A,3B,5A,5B,7A,7B , beams 11, 12 13 and 9A,9B are quadrangular 14 from provided light source prismrespectiveto redirect I, II,III and IV orthogonal pass respective light beams in single 21,22,23,24,25,26,27 & 28 direction. denote excitation light beams. These light beam Thin Film element 2,4,6,8 Irradiate onto the respectively provided respective prism and 3, between blocks 1through prism surface. between 3 &5, between 5 & 7 and between 7& 9

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

Holographic data storage is a potential replacement technology in the area of highcapacity data storage. In a holographic memory device, a laser beam is split in two, and the two resulting beams interact in a crystal medium to store a holographic recreation of a page of data. 1 terabyte (TB) of data in a sugar-cube-sized crystal.

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

Photonics development is booming worldwide significant milestone and information between brain on chip with the process of light instead of electrical signal. Using light instead of wires to send information between the cores can be as much as 100 times faster This technology has the power to invent today s super computer

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

Entirely optical computers will be invented in future . We will see light without logic .Optical devices will take place inside computers. NASA Scientist are working for that . Optical computer networking will introduced in future .

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

Scientist discovered an inch-long Amazonian beetle could hold the key to nextgeneration optical computer chips. They found significant path for making today s light computer after researching on naturally possessed of a molecular arrangement.

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development

Optics has been used in computing for a number of years but for the limitation of materials we have been seeing Electro-optical-hybrid .Optical technology applied in today s CD-Rom driver and their relatives, laser printer, scanner and in mouse. It is not so far when we will see total optical computer . The smart pixel technology , rapid progress in silicon photonic , GaAs VLSI technique and faster design in algorithm will bring the new generation Super optical Computer .

A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture

Optical Computing Devices Next Generation Architecture Conclusion

Introduction Structure

Background Memory

Concept Development