Ops Energy Solutions

Harvesting Energy from Wastes

OPS Energy Solutions

In MENA countries represented by

Nisien BV, Netherlands

Renewable Energy Project Development

The Problem(s)

Huge, Unmanageable Volumes of Waste

Air Pollution

Water Pollution

Landfill Capacity Limits

Odors

Insect Vector Born Disease

Vermin Vector Born Disease

Every day, tens of thousands of tons of MSW, crop waste, woodwaste, yard waste, construction waste and other “renewable”materials as well as non-recyclable plastics and other organicsenter Ohio’s environment. OPS has potential clients in everyone of these categories.

Energy is Available but Literally Going to Waste

Sewage Sludge Chicken Litter MSW

Yard Waste Auto Shredder Residue Wood Waste

Energy from Waste Technologies

Incineration - The “I” WordOpen Burning

Gasification

Heating Organic Material in a “Low Oxygen” Environment

Pyrolysis

Heating Organic Material in a “Zero Oxygen” or “Near Zero Oxygen” Environment

Energy from Waste - Pyrolysis

The Pyrolysis / Electric

Generation Process:

• This is a Mature, Well-

Established Technology

Originally Developed in the

1800’s.

• Recent Advances have

Brought Costs and Size

Down Considerably.

• The Technology is Safe,

Efficient and Can Use a

Multitude of Feedstocks.

Modern Pyrolysis System

In Widespread Use – Europe, Asia, Africa and South America!

Pyrolysis Power Generation

Biomass or Other Waste

PYROLYSIS850o C in a Near

Oxygen-Free Environment

High BTU Syngas

(Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane, CO and Hydrogen

Bio-Char & Oils

Power Generation,Steam and/or Hot Water

Waste Heat

85% to 90% of the heat is harvested.

480/3 PhaseTo Customer

Pyrolizer Gas InTo Engine/GenSet

Engine Exhaust (1,300oF)

Engine Jacket Water For Feedstock Pre-Heat (205 F)

* Patents Pending

PyroGenTM*

Where does the MSW go?

One Ton of Typical MSW Consists of Approximately:

540 kg of Cellulose (Paper and Cardboard)

235 kg of Plastics

35 kg of Metals

100 kg of Food Waste

90 kg Garden Waste

Total including recyclables

(About 1000 kg)

Non Recyclable Residues

About 700 kg of Plastics, Food Waste, Paper, Cardboard and Garden Waste

Typical OPS line and efficiency

Typical line will process approx 50 MT per day (unsorted MSW)

Typical 8100 operating hours per year

One line will typically produce (approx.):

2.25 MW electricity per hour

4.200 MT of bio-char per year

4.200 MT of pyro-oil per year

Pyro-oil can either be further refined into derivates as bio-diesel, kerosene, naphtha or by using additional generators produce additional electricity – typical conversion rate is approx. 300 l of pyro-oil for 1 MW of electricity

Where does the MSW go?

From 1 MT of unsorted waste we use 700 kg of non-recyclable MSW (or Engineered Fuel or RDF,) pyrolysis produces approximately:

190 kg of Pyro-Char

195 liters of Pyro-Oils

2 m² of High BTU Pyro-Gas

Varying Amounts of Usable Heat

Emissions

This is an “ultra-low emissions” technology.

Under EPA Air Permitting Regulations for Particulates:

▪ 250 Tons per year is considered a “Minor Source”

▪ 500 Tons per year is considered a “Major Source”

Six (6) I Power Engine / Generator Sets Produce Less than 450 kilograms of Particulates per Year!!

The 50 Ton per Day Pyrolysis Unit

Throughput Intake

Pyro-Char Output

Pyro–Char / Bio-Char

The resulting sterile Char may be mixed with asphalt for road repair, pulverized to “Carbon Black” for making tires, converted to “Activated Carbon” or applied to farm fields, depending on exact content, local needs and regulations.

Sequesters Carbon for Thousands of Years!

Pyro - Oil Production

Depending on the waste feedstock, a variety ofoils are produced by pyrolysis. Many of theseliquids may be used directly as a substitute forfuel or bunker oil or refined for use in the

chemical industry or as transportation fuels.

1. Power Sales (10 to 20 Year Guarantee under Power Purchase Agreements)

2. Tipping Fees

3. Pyro-Char Sales (Carbon Black, Activated Carbon)

4. Pyro-Oil Sales (Diesel Fuel, Naphtha, Petcoke)

5. Recycling Sales (Aluminum, Ferrous Metals, Glass)

6. Renewable Energy Certificates (“REC’s”)

7. “Green Tags” (Cap and Trade/Kyoto)

8. Heat/Hot Water Sales

Project Income Streams