Opportunities in the Forest based Opportunities in the Forest based Sector Sector FTP Biorefinery Task Force Annita Westenbroek – KCPK (NL) Klaus Niemela – KCL (F) Peter Axegard – STFI (S) Source: M. Mensink, FTP-conference Lahti, Nov 2006 Beckeman, Int. Biorefinery conference, Helsinki, Oct 2006
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Opportunities in the Forest based Sector FTP Biorefinery Task Force Annita Westenbroek – KCPK (NL) Klaus Niemela – KCL (F) Peter Axegard – STFI (S) Source:
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Opportunities in the Forest based SectorOpportunities in the Forest based Sector
Source: M. Mensink, FTP-conference Lahti, Nov 2006CG Beckeman, Int. Biorefinery conference, Helsinki, Oct 2006
22007-1-19
Forest based biorefinery initiatives
1. Annita Westenbroek: FTP Biorefinery Taskforce
2. Klaus Niemela: biorefinery activities in Finland
3. Peter Axegard: biorefinery activities in Sweden
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42007-1-19
52007-1-19
FTP started a biorefinery taskforce
Bringing the experts in the field together. To define the key projects that need to take place in
the field of biorefinery, that will increase the competitiveness of our sector in the next decade.
Mapping existing projects, reaching out to the other technology platforms (Sustainable chemistry, Biofuels and Plants for the future) and collect information from the incredible number of conferences on this subject…..
A Vision Paper will be ready in March 2007
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Why biorefinery in the forest
Climate change and energy policy will create a new reality, a new balance between within our sector and between sectors, soon!
The forest based sector is probably the only sector able to have a neutral contribution to climate change, when all aspects are taken into account and much is done.• All aspects = carbon emissions, carbon storage, transport,
landfill, forestry, etc.• Much to be done: Energy efficiency, CHP, Biorefinery, bio-
energy, etc.
The forest sector can lead! And should lead the developments. Focusing on biorefinery is a strong step in that direction.
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Biorefinery defined by the taskforce
Biorefinery has the aim to create more value our of the bio-based raw material of the pulp and paper/forest based sectors.
This can be in the form of current products, chemicals and energy, biomass, biofuels.
Biorefinery is seen as an opportunity, creating more value for the existing players in the field.
Therefore biorefinery is defined as: “Efficient use of the entire potential of raw materials and by-streams of the pulp and paper industry towards a broad range of high added value products (by cooperation in and between chains.
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Biorefinery Task Force
Peter Axegard, STFI Markku Karlsson, UPM-Kymmene Paterson McKeough, VTT Annita Westenbroek, KCPK Michel Petit-Conil, Afocel/CTP Ludger Eltrop, IER University
Stuttgart Klaus Niemelä, KCL Marco Mensink, CEPI (chairman)
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Key priorities defined by the taskforce
1. Selective and efficient separation and conversion processes – R&D into technology.
2. Above sector synergies with the agricultural and chemical sector.
3. Bio-refineries as a source of wood-derived energy carriers, adding our knowledge and expertise.
4. Recycled fibre biorefinery – using residues, providing products.
5. The socio-economic impact of biorefinery development – an integrated vision of added value.
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The Dutch approach
More efficient use of fibre raw materials and by-streams• Utilizing own by-streams (raw material, energy source)• Fibre cascading (fibre containing by-stream of one mill is
valuable raw material of another mill)• New products from by-streams• Exchange of by-streams / raw materials with other
sectors• Energy from by-streams
Above sector synergies!• Clustering the agro and forest based biorefineries
112007-1-19
Forest based biorefinery initiatives
1. Annita Westenbroek: FTP Biorefinery Taskforce
2. Klaus Niemela: biorefinery activities in Finland
3. Peter Axegard: biorefinery activities in Sweden
Opportunities in the Forest-based Sector
2. Forest-based biorefinery
research in Finland
Klaus Niemelä
2007-1-19Klaus Niemelä 13
Outline
• Background, history
• Pulp production, pulp mill as a biorefinery
• Examples of current or planned research areas or programmes
• New COST action on biorefineries
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Wood as a chemical raw material – long history
• Isolation of naval stores
• Production of charcoal and tar
• Manufacture of methanol, acetic acid, calcium acetate, acetone...
• Alkali fusion of wood (sawdust) to oxalic acid
2007-1-19Klaus Niemelä 15
Pulping: production of fiber, chemicals and energy
• In the past: methanol, pyrolysis oils, kraft-prehydrolysis products, etc.
2007-1-19Klaus Niemelä 20
Examples of current or planned research programmes (1)
Sustainable Production and Products:
• Research programme by Academy of Finland• Runs from 2006 to 2010• Three research themes: - Industrial ecology - Green chemistry and engineering - Chemicas in industrial production• Several biorefinery-related projects funded
2007-1-19Klaus Niemelä 21
Examples of current or planned research programmes (2)
BioRefine:
• Technology programme by Tekes (Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation)
• Under planning, final decision during spring
• Integration of forest, energy and chemical industry and biotechnology to find new biomass-based business potential
2007-1-19Klaus Niemelä 22
Examples of current or planned research programmes (3)
SymBio, Industrial Biotechnology:
• Technology Programme by Tekes• Runs from 2006 to 2011• The focus areas for the R&D projects are: - Development and intensification of biotechnological
production and processing - Applications in environmental biotechnology - Supporting technologies; e.g. measurements, modelling and the development of enzymes and production organisms
2007-1-19Klaus Niemelä 23
Examples of current or planned research programmes (4)
Sustainable Energy:
• Research programme by Academy of Finland• 2008-2011• The objective is to strengthen basic research in the
energy field and to harmonise research on environmentally friendly energy production with economic factors even at the early stages of research.
• The main themes are new technology for energy production, an effective energy system, and energy use efficiency.
2007-1-19Klaus Niemelä 24
Projects or research areas - examples
• Isolation of lignans from softwood knots (Prof. B. Holmbom, Åbo Akademi University)
• Production of transportation fuels from biomass at pulp and paper mills (P. McKeough, VTT)
• Aliphatic hydroxy acids as pulping by-products
2007-1-19Klaus Niemelä 25
2007-1-19Klaus Niemelä 26
2007-1-19Klaus Niemelä 27
2007-1-19Klaus Niemelä 28(Presentation by P. McKeough avail. at www.blackliquor.com)
2007-1-19Klaus Niemelä 29
2007-1-19Klaus Niemelä 30
Hydroxy acids as pulping by-products
Background:During kraft pulping, nearly 10% of the wood raw material is converted to a mixture of aliphatic hydroxy acids (total "production" in Europe is millions of tons annually).
They are currently burnt in the recovery boilers (together with lignin and other compounds), although they could offer an abundant source of platform and specialty chemicals for chemical industry.
Problems:1. The acids form a complex mixture, with several main compounds.2. Their isolation and purification has not yet been fully solved.3. Properties or potential uses of some compounds are poorly known.