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Mineral Wealth Law
Opportunities in Oman’s Mining Sector
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2
3 Investment Opportunities (Mining Blocks)
Mineral Prospectivity of Oman
Content
Salim Al-MahrouqiDirector General Of Minerals Investments
Affair
Public Authority for MiningSultanate of Oman
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Copper/GoldChromiteGabbro (Aggregates)Nickel
LateriteBasaltZinkLeadMarbleLimestoneDolomiteManganeseLateriteClaysSand
Silica GypsumSaltLithiumCoalQuartziteCarbonatite
Salt/PotashLithium
LimestoneDolomiteGypsumClaysSilica
Mineral Prospectivity of Oman
Active CommoditiesPotential Commodities
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43.40
18.06
8.44
1.34 0.55 0.50 0.45 0.31 0.22 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 005
101520253035404550
2017 Production mln Ton or M3
1.8 1.4 1.2 1.4
22.2 22.7
28.725.7
49.445.8
43.4 41.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2015 2016 2017 2018
Total Annual Production
Metal (mln Ton) Industrial Minerals (mln Ton) Building Materials
(mln m3)
Mineral Prospectivity of Oman
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Salt/Potash
Silica…
Dolomite
Clay
Gypsum
Limestone
Copper
Laterite
Manganese
Marble
Chromite
Aggregate
Potential Resource in Oman (based on relative prospectivity from
know deposit models)Relative Current Activity (no. of licences
relative to each other)
Schematic
Resource Potential vs. Relative Current Activities for
established commodities in Oman
Source: Oman Mining Strategy 2018
Mineral Prospectivity of Oman
Based on: Review of commodities
previously identified in historical studies
Mineral occurrence inventory*
Licence database Geological terrains
Chart1
Salt/PotashSalt/Potash
Silica SandsSilica Sands
DolomiteDolomite
ClayClay
GypsumGypsum
LimestoneLimestone
CopperCopper
LateriteLaterite
ManganeseManganese
MarbleMarble
ChromiteChromite
AggregateAggregate
No. of Licence Records
Relative Activity Level
0
6
9
23
23
38
43
54
135
192
274
282
351
كميات لكل خام
كمية الإنتاج والبيع والريع لكل خام لعام 2016م
المعدنكمية الإنتاج (طن)كمية البيع (طن)الريع (ر.ع)Metal
Production quantity (ton) Quantity (tons)
الرخام1,380,370.0001,235,844.0001,431,552.223MarbleMarble
1,380,370,000 1,235,844.000
الحجر
الجيري12,471,107.00010,157,562.0001,550,315.133LimestoneLimestone
12,471,107.000 10,157,562.000
الجبس7,857,599.0006,758,487.0001,006,493.208GypsumGypsum
7,857,599.000 6,758,487,000
الملح5,086.0004,470.00015,645.000SaltSalt 5,086,000
4,470,000
الكروم512,542.000517,339.0001,629,853.155ChromiumChromium
512,542,000 517,339,000
خام الحديد (اللترايت)628,816.000596,235.000178,870.500Iron
OreIron ore (iron ore) 628,816,000 596,235.000
مواد البناء (بالمتر
المكعب)45,290,803.00042,366,019.0006,735,936.085Building
Materials"Building Materials
مادة اللدن (الطين)524,108.000500,887.000250,737.800Clay(In cubic
meters) "45,290,803.000 42,366,019,000
الرمل الزجاجي (الكثبان
الرملية)36,549.00035,303.0008,825.750Glass SandThe material of clay
(clay) 524,108.000 500,887.000
الكوارتزفيلد361,540.000338,502.000135,400.800Quartzfield"Glass
Sand
النحاس0.0000.0000.000Copper(Sand dunes) "36,549,000
35,303,000
الكاولين188,300.000187,036.00056,110.800KaolinQuartzfield
361,540.000 338,502.000
منغنيز14,628.00024,158.00030,062.464ManganeseCopper 0.000
0.000
السيليكا16,600.00020,345.0004,069.000SilicaKaolin 188,300,000
187,036,000
الإجمالي13,033,871.918Manganese 14,628,000 24,158,000
Silica 16,600,000 20,345.000
Total
كمية الإنتاج والبيع والريع لكل خام للنصف الأول لعام 2017مThe
quantity of production, sale and price per raw for the first half
of 2017
المعدنكمية الإنتاج (طن)كمية البيع (طن)الريع (ر.ع)
الرخام625,599.000590,371.000630,219.325Marble
الحجر الجيري6,881,612.0004,035,462.000643,355.784Limestone
الجبس3,317,451.0003,226,632.000741,472.068Gypsum
الملح8,369.0004,865.00017,027.500the salt
الكروم125,336.000133,415.000712,480.584chrome
خام الحديد (اللترايت)250,274.000233,809.00065,262.620Iron
ore
مواد البناء (بالمتر
المكعب)16,156,064.00014,638,176.0002,392,980.118"Building
Materials
مادة اللدن (الطين)250,126.000254,058.000122,740.200Material
(clay)
الرمل الزجاجي (الكثبان الرملية)9,214.00010,039.0002,509.750Glass
Sand (Sand dunes)
الكوارتزفيلد182,579.000163,240.00065,296.000Quartzfield
النحاس0.0000.0000.000Copper
الكاولين70,800.00070,112.00021,033.600Kaolin
منغنيز0.0000.0000.000Manganese
السيليكا12,500.00012,946.0002,589.200Silica
الإجمالي5,416,966.749
Quantity of production (ton) Quantity of sale (ton) Rent
(RO)
1000000No. of Licence RecordsCommodity
6Salt/Potash
9Silica Sands
23Dolomite
23Clay
38Gypsum
43Limestone
54Copper
135Laterite
192Manganese
274Marble
282Chromite
351Aggregate
كميات لكل خام
No. of Licence Records
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Minerals Wealth LawMain Themes of the Mineral Wealth Law
Optimum exploitation of mineral wealth
Simplifying procedures and promoting investments
Environmental protection, heritage and water resources
Community rights
Promote scientific research
Audit and inspection Empowering PAM
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7
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Optimum exploitation of mineral wealth
The minerals are owned by the state and it is prohibited to own,
possess, or act without a license even if they are located on land
owned by private property.
Not granting licenses except after verifying the technical
capability and financialsolvency of the investor.
Not to export minerals except after ensuring their optimal
leverage and availability in the local market.
Not to grant licenses to exploit precious stones or precious
metals, or for areas greater than (5) square kilometers, but rather
according to a concession agreement that is approved by Royal
Decree.
It is permissible to expropriate private lands because of their
mining importance.
Obligation of the investor to fees, royalties from the value of
sales of minerals, surface rental of the license area, and to
provide a bank guarantee for the proper implementation of the
license terms.
It is prohibited to work outside the licensed area, to continue
to work after the license expires, or to exceed the limits and
scope of the license
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Simplifying Procedures and Promoting Investments
Increase the minimum mining license period from (1) years to (5)
years, and the concession agreement is not less than (20)
years.
Increasing the upper limit of the license area from (3 sq km) to
(5 sq km).
Establish a mining registry in which all geological and mining
information and data that the investor needs is recorded.
Government agencies must cooperate to provide and develop
facilities and infrastructure for mining areas.
The commitment of the competent government agencies to reply
within a maximum period of (60) sixty days for license
applications
Enabling the investor to add morethan one ore to the mining
license
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PAM is responsible for obtaining approvals for mining areas and
offer them to competitive bidding according to the principles of
transparency and equal opportunities
The royalty is charged in different percentages according to the
economic viability of each mineral.
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Expanding the powers of inspectors
Accurate clarification of the acts/violations that constitute
crimes against the Sultanate’s mineral wealth and illegal profit
and increase the penalties for its perpetrators
Impose direct administrative fines for correctable
violations.
Audit and inspection3
Combating trade of licenses
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Obliging the investor to rehabilitate the area and remove waste
and deformationsaccording to the approved rehabilitation plan
Protecting water resources, aflaj, dams and reservoirs and not
encroaching upon them.
Environmental protection, heritage and water resources4
The authority is obligated to enforce the requirements of
environmental protection, healthand safety when granting
licenses.
Violations related to the environment and public safety are
subjected to fines. Thecontinuation of violation may lead to the
suspension or revoke of the license.
Prohibition of encroachment on meteorite, fossils, historical
relics or rare geologicalphenomena/sites and must cease operating
immediately upon their discovery.
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No less than (1%) of the sales that is devoted to the
development of the local community.
Employment of the national workforce.
Community rights5
Infrastructure protection and non-infringement
The licensee is fully responsible for the damages that is caused
by the company to others, even if the damage occurred outside the
authorized area.
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2Regulations for competition for mining sites
1 The executive regulations of the Mineral Resources Law
Regulations necessary to implement the law
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۱۰Within a year from the date the law was issued
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5
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12
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Procedures for issuing and renewing licenses
Financial benefits to the authority (royalty, financial
insurance, annual
rent) and collection procedures
Concession procedures and related terms and conditions
Procedures and controls for scientific research licenses
Mineral registry procedures
List of services and fees
Licensing procedures and controls
Administrative penaltiesProcedures for collection and
disbursement contributing to the development of the local
community
Mineral export procedures and controlsTypes of licenses
Rights and Obligations of Licensees
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4
6
8
11
10
The executive regulations of the Mineral Wealth Law
Administrative penalties
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Controls of receiving, evaluating and deciding on offers
Procedures for selling mineral ores that are confiscated by PAM
in accordance with the provisions of the law
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Issued
The mechanics of offering mining sites for competition,
procedures and detailed controls for each type
Governance of offering and awards with clear roles and
responsibilities to ensure transparency, and equal opportunities
among investors
Regulations for Mining Sites Bidding
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Investment Opportunities (Mining Blocks)
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15
Pre approved acreage of land of different sizes with indications
for the presence of ore minerals. They are to be offered for
investment on competitive basis.
Mining Blocks Initiatives
Commodities No. of Blocks Area (Km2)Chromite 30 13,948Marble 13
1,117
Limestones 12 2,911Dolomite 20 308
Silica 8 293Gypsum 3 589
Carbonatite 4 0.23Kaolin 2 0.494
Attapolgite 2 143Poters Clay 2 0.5
Basalt 1 10Laterite 8 500Feldspar 5 24
Total 110 19,844
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Blocks Offered for Mining Only
• Area ≤ 5 Km2• Completed
exploration study.• Resources & reserve
defined.• Commodities do not
require extensive exploration activities.
• Blocks had mining activities.
• Right to mine specific minerals.
Blocks Offered for Exploration to Mining
• Area ≤ 5 Km2• Right to Explore &
Mine.• Exploration then
mining permits.• Right to mine
specific minerals
Blocks Offered as Concessions
Area > 5 Km2 or Precious
Minerals.• Right to Explore &
Mine or only to Mine.
• Right to mine specific minerals
20 – 30 Years. Requires
Concession Agreement.
Ratified by RD.
• Any area.• Carry no or little
data.• Right to Explore only.• Cost recovery ( +
Margin) through sale of data
Blocks Offered for Exploration Only
Commitment to set up local mining/manufacturing industry.
Types of Mining Blocks Offered For Bidding
Exploration all activates that are necessary to assess the
mineral potential of a given area up to definition of
resources/reserve including drillings, testing and surveying
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• Public Announcement• Open to local and/or
international• Any type of blocks
• By Invitation only• Specific companies –
local/International
• Public Announcement or By Invitation
• Open to local investors only
• Specific type of blocks• By Invitation - local and
International• Specific type of blocks• Evaluate technical
submission• Negotiate financial
offering
Public Tender
Limited Tender
Local Tender
Limited Single Source
Mining Block Bidding Types
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Submissions Evaluation PermitsAnnouncement
Payment of the financial offer
Exploration Permit
Evaluation of the Exploration results
Agreement on the down stream project
based on the economic discoveries
Mining Permit
Bidding Procedures For Blocks Offered for Exploration to Mining
& Concession
Brochure receipt
Financial Submission
Technical Submission
Refundable financial guarantee.
Brochure(Fees)
• Terms and conditions applies in accordance with the Executive
Regulations of the Mining Wealth Law
Financial Solvency
Financial Offer.
Investment % in mining and manufacturing
industries.
Exploration Program.
Technical experience.
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Evaluation Criteria For Blocks Offered for Exploration to Mining
& Concession
Premium
Annual recurring rate of annual production
Financial Submission65%
Exploration programContentTiming
Cost
Technical Experience
% of Investment in mining and manufacturing industries from
total
capital cost of the project
Technical Submission35%
Financial Solvency
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Thank You
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