Brussels Development Briefing n.32 Fish-farming the new driver of the blue economy? 3 rd July 2013 http://brusselsbriefings.net Opportunities for aquaculture development in the Caribbean ACP states. Milton Haughton, CRFM
Feb 25, 2016
Brussels Development Briefing n.32
Fish-farming the new driver of the blue economy?3rd July 2013
http://brusselsbriefings.net
Opportunities for aquaculture development in the Caribbean ACP states. Milton Haughton, CRFM
Opportunities for aquaculture development in the Caribbean
ACP States
Milton HaughtonExecutive Director CRFM Secretariat
Belize
Background CARIFORUM Countries = SIDs Reliance on aquatic resources for
livelihood and food securityThreats – climate change, marine pollution,
habitat degradation, over-fishing, High unemployment (14-15%)High Food import billStrategic location between major
international markets
Caribbean ACP States
Area (km2) Population(2012) (000)
Pop Density (/km2)
GDP/Capita (US$)
Per Capita Fish Consumption
Antigua 443 88 198.6 13,429 77Bahamas 13,940 352 25.2 22,832 32Barbados 431 278 645.0 16,152 31Belize 22,966 343 14.9 4,536 7Dominica 750 71 94.7 7,022 19Dominican Republic
48,730 10,237 210.1 5,763
Grenada 344 105 305.2 7,497 31Guyana 214,970 775 3.6 3,596 29Haiti 27,750 10,413 375.2 759 3Jamaica 10,991 2,752 250.4 5,541 16St. Kitts 360 57 158.3 12,804 34St. Lucia 616 168 272.7 7,276 21St. Vincent 340 110 323.5 6,489 13Suriname 163,820 546 3.3 8,686 10Trinidad 5,128 1,329 259.2 19,018 15
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database April 2013
Fisheries Strategically Important
1. Employment: up to 182,0002. Total Fish Production 176,213 MT 3. Aquaculture production – 11,000 MT4. Exports: 61,000 MT (~US$250 million)5. Imports: 117,000 MT (~ US$343 million)6. Livelihood Opportunities
- poor, - vulnerable
7. Food and nutrition security
Fish Imports (MT)Year 2006 2007 2008 2009Quantity 112,198 123,122 116,312 117,252 Value (US$ 000) 270,594 302,593 346,718 343,098
Overall Food Import bill CARIFORUM States:• US$ 4.75 billion/yr • Can aquaculture
help?
Dom Rep 42,473
Jamaica 27,438
Haiti 13,535
Trinidad 8,877
PROCESSING- Subsector
Employment opportunity for women
Guyana
Belize
Photo – Courtesy Fisheries Dept, Belize
Aquaculture has the potential to makegreater contribution to economic & socialdevelopment if appropriate policy frameworks and incentives are provided
Shrimp farm in Belize
Gov Jamaica - AquacultureResearch Station
Tilapia BelizePhoto Courtesy of Fisheries Dept. Belize
Current State of Aquaculture Development
• Not well developed - Low production • 14,146 MT per year from 2000 -2010• Belize and Jamaica exception• Production peaked at 18,879 MT in 2004• Declined since 2007 to < 10,000 MT • Recent trend – economic downturn
Sea mosscommodities produced in Antigua.Photo – Courtesy Fisheries Div. Antigua & Barbuda
Aquaculture ProductionCARIFORUM States 2000-2011 (MT)
2000 2001 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20110
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
Source: FAO database
Aquaculture Production Per Country MT (2000-2011)
Bahamas Barbados Belize Dominica Dom Rep. Grenada Guyana Haiti Jamaica St Kitts/Nevis
St Lucia Suriname Trinidad0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
101 20
71044
256
17089
4
5911
1641
52123
1 362035
115
Source: FAO database
Main Producers – MT (2009)Belize 5290
Jamaica 5141
Dominican Republic 240
Guyana 511
Haiti 400
Suriname 41
What are the Main Species?Belize Marine shrimp (L. vamamaei), Tilapia ,
Cobia (Rachycentrom canadum) (Pompano)Jamaica Tilapia, marine & freshwater shrimp,
oysters, several aquarium spp.Dominican Republic
Marine & freshwater shrimp, Carp, Tilapia, (Colossoma, Cobia, Pompano)
GuyanaTilapia, Colossoma, various indigenous shrimp (schmitti, P. aztecus & P. braziliensis) & fish (hassar, bashaw)
Haiti Tilapia, carpSuriname Tilapia & marine shrimp (L. vanamaei)
Seaweed farming Antigua:Photo Courtesy of Fisheries Div. Antigua Cobia farming Belize:
Photo Courtesy of Fisheries Dept. Belize
Aquarium Fish farming JamaicaTilapia Belize
What about smaller Islands?
• Current activities – tilapia, seaweed, shrimp• Limitations – land, fresh water, human• Outlook
Tilapia farming in seawater – St. Kitts
Seaweed farming in St. Lucia
Cobia farming in seawater
Photo: Fisheries Dept, Belize
What are the Main Constraints? High input cost (energy, feed, land …) High cost of credit Seed supply Competition from imports from Asia & S. America Health and Food Safety Systems R & D, Extension & Support Services Lack of Skilled & Quality Human Resources Natural disaster – storms & hurricanes Water management systems Policy and legislation
Are States still Interested?Contribute to economic developmentCreate employment opportunities
throughout the value chain Increase local supply of fish Improve food & nutrition securityPoverty reductionRevitalize coastal & rural communitiesDiversify economy & build resilienceEarn hard currency - export-oriented
Where do we go from here:Regional Policy Framework
Revised Treaty of Chaguaramas - CARICOM Single Market & Economy (CSME):
• Entered in force 1 Jan 2006• Enlarged market among member states• Opportunities to produce & sell goods
& services & attract investment
Photo Courtesy of Fisheries Dept. Belize
Caribbean Community Common Fisheries Policy
Treaty - Endorsed 2011 Key Provisions
Objective & Scope “sustainable development of fishing and aquaculture” . ..“production, processing, marketing and trading of fishery and aquaculture products”
Several substantive provisions aquacultureArt. 10 Sector Development
Joint venture, capacity development, improving the business, financial and insurance
environment
CRFM Strategic Plan 2013 -2021
Objective D: Development of Aquaculture Note lack of growth past 10 years & agree to
intensify efforts to expand productionA strategy to increase supply of fishAdopt Ecosystem approach to aquacultureEstablish Regional Working GroupEnabling policy and legal frameworksVoluntary guidelines, best management
practices and standards
National Policy – ACP Fish II CAR-3.1-B12: Strategic assessment of the
aquaculture potential in Haiti
CAR-1.4-B4a: aquaculture land and water use development plan for Jamaica
CAR-1.4-B4b: Aquaculture development strategy for St. Kitts and Nevis
Fisheries and aquaculture policy Dominica Grenada, and St. Vincent & the Grenadines
Support to formulate a fisheries and aquaculture policy for the Dominican Republic
Recent Donor Supported Initiatives
ACP Fish II Programme – Component 1 – policy and legislation
JICA Master Plan for Coastal Resource Management
USAID, and FAO Support to GuyanaTiawanese support to St.Lucia, Dominica
and Belize
CONCLUSIONSignificant opportunities in the CaribbeanGrowing interest in aquaculture Important role in food security, poverty
reduction, employment, & blue economyRealistic dialogue – recognize:
- Needs, opportunities, limitations - Dangers of unregulated, poorly planned
Need for R&D, capacity development, strategic partnerships & funding support