Operations Plan - co.thurston.wa.us

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Operations Plan Thurston County Transfer Station Hawks Prairie Sanitary Landfill Thurston County, Washington 98516 2420 Hogum Bay Road NE Lacey, Washington 98516

Prepared for:

Harold LeMay Enterprises, Inc. 2420 Hogum Bay Road NE Lacey, Washington 98516

December 2020 PBS Project 17664.002

Operations Plan Thurston County Transfer Station

2420 Hogum Bay Road NE Lacey, Washington 98516

i December 2020

PBS Project 17664.002

Table of Contents Revision Log .................................................................................................................................................................................................... v

INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Summary ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background Information ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Reference Documents .............................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.4 Regulatory Compliance ........................................................................................................................................................... 2

1.4.1 WAC 173-350-310(1) Applicability ......................................................................................................................... 2 1.4.2 WAC 173-350-310(2) Permit Exemptions ............................................................................................................ 2 1.4.3 WAC 173-350-310(3) Location ................................................................................................................................ 2 1.4.4 WAC 173-350-310(4) Design Standards .............................................................................................................. 2 1.4.5 WAC 173-350-310(5) Documentation Standards ............................................................................................ 3 1.4.6 WAC 173-350-310(6) Operating Standards ....................................................................................................... 3 1.4.7 WAC 173-350-310(7) Groundwater Monitoring ............................................................................................... 4 1.4.8 WAC 173-350-310(8) Closure Requirements ..................................................................................................... 5 1.4.9 WAC 173-350-310(9) Financial Assurance .......................................................................................................... 5 1.4.10 WAC 173-350-310(10) Permit Application ......................................................................................................... 5

SITE INFORMATION ....................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Location ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Ownership and Operation ...................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.3 Facility Capacity .......................................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.4 Service Area ................................................................................................................................................................................. 6 2.5 Access ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 6

FACILITY DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................. 7 3.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 3.2 Civil Features ............................................................................................................................................................................... 7

3.2.1 Grading .............................................................................................................................................................................. 7 3.2.2 Stormwater Control ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 3.2.3 Roads ................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 3.2.4 Parking ............................................................................................................................................................................... 8 3.2.5 Landscaping .................................................................................................................................................................... 8 3.2.6 Fencing and Signs ......................................................................................................................................................... 8

3.3 Utilities ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 3.3.1 Sewer .................................................................................................................................................................................. 8 3.3.2 Electricity ........................................................................................................................................................................... 9 3.3.3 Domestic Water ............................................................................................................................................................. 9 3.3.4 Fire Suppression Water ............................................................................................................................................... 9 3.3.5 Communication ............................................................................................................................................................. 9

3.4 Structural Features .................................................................................................................................................................... 9 3.4.1 Tipping Floor and Vehicle Maneuvering Areas ................................................................................................. 9 3.4.2 Retaining Walls .............................................................................................................................................................. 9 3.4.3 Receiving Floor ............................................................................................................................................................. 10 3.4.4 Loading Floor ................................................................................................................................................................ 10



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3.4.5 Transfer Station Building .......................................................................................................................................... 10 3.4.6 Operations Office ........................................................................................................................................................ 10 3.4.7 Employee Facilities ..................................................................................................................................................... 10 3.4.8 Scale Houses ................................................................................................................................................................. 10

3.5 Mechanical Systems................................................................................................................................................................ 11 3.5.1 Ventilation ...................................................................................................................................................................... 11 3.5.2 Plumbing ........................................................................................................................................................................ 11 3.5.3 Fire Suppression .......................................................................................................................................................... 11 3.5.4 Compacting Equipment ............................................................................................................................................ 11

3.6 Electrical Systems ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12 3.6.1 Service .............................................................................................................................................................................. 12 3.6.2 Lighting ........................................................................................................................................................................... 12 3.6.3 Motors ............................................................................................................................................................................. 12 3.6.4 Utility ................................................................................................................................................................................ 12

3.7 Ancillary Facilities ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12 3.7.1 Scale Plazas .................................................................................................................................................................... 12 3.7.2 Other Facilities (Pre-2000) ....................................................................................................................................... 12

OPERATIONAL INFORMATION, PLANS, AND PROCEDURES .................................................................. 13 4.1 Hours of Operation ................................................................................................................................................................. 13 4.2 Quantity and Types of Waste Handled ........................................................................................................................... 13

4.2.1 Waste Quantity ............................................................................................................................................................ 13 4.2.2 Waste Types .................................................................................................................................................................. 13

4.3 Traffic ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 13 4.3.1 Traffic Routes ................................................................................................................................................................ 13 4.3.2 Traffic Volumes ............................................................................................................................................................ 13 4.3.3 Queuing and On-site Traffic Movement ............................................................................................................ 14 4.3.4 Communication ........................................................................................................................................................... 14

4.4 Waste Handling ........................................................................................................................................................................ 14 4.4.1 Waste Delivery and Removal .................................................................................................................................. 14 4.4.2 Compactor Loading .................................................................................................................................................... 15 4.4.3 Trailer Loading .............................................................................................................................................................. 15 4.4.4 Tarping ............................................................................................................................................................................ 16 4.4.5 Emergency Waste Storage ...................................................................................................................................... 16 4.4.6 Asbestos Handling ...................................................................................................................................................... 16 4.4.7 Appliances ...................................................................................................................................................................... 17 4.4.8 Recyclables..................................................................................................................................................................... 17 4.4.9 Household Hazardous Waste ................................................................................................................................. 18

4.5 Environmental Control Systems ......................................................................................................................................... 18 4.5.1 Dust ................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 4.5.2 Odors ............................................................................................................................................................................... 18 4.5.3 Noise ................................................................................................................................................................................ 18 4.5.4 Wastewater .................................................................................................................................................................... 19 4.5.5 Blowing Litter ................................................................................................................................................................ 19 4.5.6 Vectors ............................................................................................................................................................................. 19 4.5.7 Bird Control ................................................................................................................................................................... 19



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4.6 Safety Plan .................................................................................................................................................................................. 19 4.6.1 General Safety Procedures ...................................................................................................................................... 19 4.6.2 Personnel Protection.................................................................................................................................................. 20 4.6.3 Emergency Equipment .............................................................................................................................................. 20 4.6.4 Safety Training .............................................................................................................................................................. 20

4.7 Emergency Plans and Procedures ..................................................................................................................................... 21 4.7.1 Bomb Threats ................................................................................................................................................................ 21 4.7.2 Earthquakes ................................................................................................................................................................... 21

4.7.2.1 During the Earthquake ............................................................................................................................. 21 4.7.2.2 After the Earthquake ................................................................................................................................. 21

4.7.3 Explosions....................................................................................................................................................................... 22 4.7.4 Fire Response Procedures ........................................................................................................................................ 22

4.7.4.1 Heavy Equipment Fires ............................................................................................................................. 22 4.7.4.2 Hot Loads ...................................................................................................................................................... 22 4.7.4.3 Post Fire Procedures .................................................................................................................................. 23

4.7.5 Motor Vehicle Accidents .......................................................................................................................................... 23 4.7.6 Personal Injury Accidents ......................................................................................................................................... 23 4.7.7 Medical Emergency .................................................................................................................................................... 23 4.7.8 Radioactive Materials ................................................................................................................................................ 24 4.7.9 Asbestos Emergency Procedure ............................................................................................................................ 24

4.8 Waste Acceptance Program ................................................................................................................................................ 24 4.8.1 Waste Screening Procedures .................................................................................................................................. 25 4.8.2 Random Load Inspections ....................................................................................................................................... 26 4.8.3 Recordkeeping of Inspections ............................................................................................................................... 26 4.8.4 Notification Requirements ...................................................................................................................................... 27 4.8.5 Prohibited Activities ................................................................................................................................................... 27

4.9 Spill Control Plan ..................................................................................................................................................................... 27

FACILITY INSPECTION, RECORDKEEPING, AND REPORTING .................................................................. 28 5.1 Inspection ................................................................................................................................................................................... 28 5.2 Recordkeeping .......................................................................................................................................................................... 28

5.2.1 County Recordkeeping ............................................................................................................................................. 28 5.2.2 Contractor Recordkeeping ...................................................................................................................................... 28

5.3 Reporting .................................................................................................................................................................................... 29 5.3.1 Annual Report ............................................................................................................................................................... 29 5.3.2 Monthly Utility Consumption ................................................................................................................................. 29

EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE SCHEDULES AND PROCEDURES ............................................................... 30 6.1 Equipment .................................................................................................................................................................................. 30 6.2 Facilities ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 30

6.2.1 Stormwater Control Systems .................................................................................................................................. 30 6.2.2 Wastewater System .................................................................................................................................................... 31 6.2.3 Tipping and Receiving Floors ................................................................................................................................. 31 6.2.4 Loading Floor ................................................................................................................................................................ 31 6.2.5 Container Parking ....................................................................................................................................................... 31

FACILITY CLOSURE PROCEDURES ............................................................................................................... 32



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Supporting Data APPENDICES

Appendix A: Figures Figure 1. Vicinity Map Figure 2. Overall Site Map Figure 3. Transfer Station Site Map Appendix B: Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 173-350-310 Transfer Stations and Drop Box Facilities Appendix C: Facility Inspection Forms Appendix D: Unacceptable Waste Exclusion Plan & Hazardous Waste Log Appendix E: Special Waste Profile, Republic Services Appendix F: SEPA Environmental Checklist

©2021 PBS Engineering and Environmental Inc.



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Revision Log This plan of operation must be kept current with facility design and operations. If modifications are necessary, the plan shall be modified with the approval, or at the direction of, the jurisdictional health department (Thurston County Public Health and Social Services Department). Use the log below to document revisions or amendments to the plan.

Section Description Rev. Date By

All Original document 03.2000 KPG Inc.

Various Minor revisions to reflect actual operations after facility startup 09.2000 KPG Inc.

All Substantial revision to update operations,

equipment, and diagrams, and to meet current WAC 173-350.

03.2014 PBS (Hanrahan)

Appendix D Changed Maintenance and Facility Inspection Form to meet current WAC 173-350 01.2015 LeMay Inc. (COX)

Appendix E Changed to special waste profile Republic Services 01.2015 LeMay Inc. (COX)

Page 25 Delete respirators from limited spill response supplies list 02.2015 LeMay Inc. (COX)

Appendix B Updated WAC 173-350-310 Transfer Stations and Drop Box Facilities 03.2019 LeMay Inc. (Cox)

All

Revised to adhere to amendments of WAC 173-350. General update of document for current

operations and policies. Remove pick line conveyor. New plan format.

12.2020 PBS (Hanrahan/O’Hare)



1 December 2020


INTRODUCTION This report presents the plan of operation for the Thurston County Transfer Station at Hawks Prairie Sanitary Landfill in Thurston County, Washington. 1.1 Summary Operating standards for solid waste handling within the State of Washington are regulated by the Washington Administrative Code (WAC 173-350). A copy of the current code is included in Appendix B. Section 310, "Transfer Stations and Drop Box Facilities," specifies requirements for design and operation. WAC 173-350-310(6) requires preparation of a plan of operation. This plan of operation was submitted as part of the Application for Solid Waste Permit when the facility first began operation in 2000. The Permit is issued by the Thurston County Environmental Health, Solid Waste Section. The plan must be made available for inspection at the request of the Thurston County Public Health and Social Services Department. The plan of operation describes the design and operation of the Thurston County Transfer Station. It was first developed in March of 2000 and has since been updated to reflect changes at the facility. It conveys the concept of operation intended by the facility designer, KPG, Inc., to site operating personnel, and describes the facility operating and maintenance procedures. The plan of operation consists of seven sections:

Section 1: Introduction Section 2: Site Information Section 3: Facility Description Section 4: Operational Information, Plans, and Procedures Section 5: Facility Inspection, Recordkeeping, and Reporting Procedures Section 6: Equipment Maintenance Schedules and Procedures Section 7: Facility Closure Procedures

Appendix A contains Figures and Plans (facility maps). Appendix B contains a copy of WAC 173-350-310, Transfer Stations and Drop Box Facilities. Appendix C contains the Facility Inspection Forms. Appendix D contains the Unacceptable Waste Exclusion Plan. Appendix E contains the Special Waste Profile form by Republic Services. Appendix F contains the SEPA Environmental Checklist. 1.2 Background Information This facility is a solid waste transfer station at the closed Thurston County/Hawks Prairie Landfill. The landfill was closed in the year 2000. The transfer station was constructed to facilitate the transfer of compacted municipal solid waste to another landfill after the Hawks Prairie Landfill closed. The Hawks Prairie Landfill site encompasses an area of approximately 145.8 acres. The transfer station site encompasses an area of approximately 8.24 acres within the boundaries of the landfill site. 1.3 Reference Documents In addition to this plan of operation, the following documents were prepared in 2000 in support of the Application for Solid Waste Permit, or are relevant to current operation:

1. Permit Submittal, Thurston County Transfer Station Design Drawings, KPG, Inc., March 1999

2. State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA) Checklist, KPG, Inc., 1998

3. Drainage and Erosion Control Report, KPG, Inc., 1999

4. Geotechnical Report, Landau Associates, Inc., Nov. 1998



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5. Hawks Prairie Transfer Station Air Quality and Noise Review, McCulley, Frick, & Gilman, Inc., Nov. 1998

6. Traffic Scoping Letter: Thurston County Transfer Station at Hogum Bay Road, SCA Engineering, Nov. 1998

7. Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan: Thurston County Waste and Recovery Center (WARC), Thurston County Public Works, 2013

1.4 Regulatory Compliance The transfer station has been developed to meet the applicable regulatory requirements of WAC Chapter 173-350 Transfer Station and Drop Box Facilities. The following sections briefly outline the WAC requirements and describe how they have been addressed. 1.4.1 WAC 173-350-310(1) Applicability The transfer station is listed as a facility subject to these requirements (WAC 173-350). 1.4.2 WAC 173-350-310(2) Permit Exemptions The transfer station is not a drop box facility used solely for collecting recyclable materials; therefore, this section does not apply. 1.4.3 WAC 173-350-310(3) Location There are no specific location standards for transfer station or drop box facilities. However, according to 173-350-040(3), the facility must “comply with all other applicable local, state, and federal laws and regulations” as they pertain to transfer station locating. The transfer station was located in conformance with Thurston County laws and regulations. 1.4.4 WAC 173-350-310(4) Design Standards

(a) The transfer station is designed and constructed to meet the following standards:

(i) Controlled access and prohibition of illegal dumping: the site has a locking gate and is signed and lit to deter unauthorized access.

(ii) Sturdy construction and easily cleaned: the asphalt pavement, concrete, and metal construction will meet these criteria.

(iii) Control vectors: operational and cleaning procedures will control rodents, insects, birds, and other vectors (see section 4.5.6 and section 4.5.7).

(iv) Control blowing litter: litter is controlled by operational control measures (see section 4.5.5).

(v) Prevent soil and groundwater contamination: The tipping floor base slab consists of 12-inch-thick steel reinforced concrete constructed using Portland cement built to ASTM C 150 to protect soil and groundwater from equipment and waste (see section 3.4.1).

(vi) Protect tipping floor from wind, rain, snow: the building is equipped with a cover which provides this protection.

(vii) Runoff collection and control, including equipment cleaning, and wash-down water: the site was designed with pollution control measures to protect surface and groundwater (see section 3.2.2 [stormwater] and section 4.5.4 [wastewater]). No equipment washing is performed on site.

(viii) Provide stormwater collection: The transfer station's stormwater control system was designed to handle runoff from a 100-year, 24-hour Thurston County storm event. Surface water is collected



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in catch basins located throughout the site and flows by gravity through underground pipes to a collection pond located directly east of the site (see section 3.2.2).

(ix) Protect air quality: potential impacts from dust and odors were considered in transfer station design and are mitigated using operational procedures (see Section 4.5.1 and section 4.5.2).

(x) All weather roads: all roads are asphalt paved (see section 3.2.3).

(b) Drop box facility standards: not applicable. 1.4.5 WAC 173-350-310(5) Documentation Standards

(a) The transfer station does not have any additions and/or modifications planned. Any future additions and/or modifications will be prepared by a professional engineer registered in the state of Washington, will meet the design and documentation standards outlined in WAC 173-350-310(5), and include:

(i) An engineering report that presents the design basis and calculations for the engineered features, does not pose a threat to human health or the environment, and complies with applicable local, state, and federal laws.

(ii) Scale drawings of the facility including all required features.

(iii) Design specifications for the engineered features of the facility as applicable.

(iv) A construction quality assurance plan that describes monitoring, testing, and documentation procedures for new construction.

(b) The owner or operator will provide copies of the construction record drawings for any future additions and/or modifications of engineered features at the facility and a report documenting facility construction per requirements. Operation of a newly constructed portion of the facility will not occur until the jurisdictional health department has approved the construction documentation in writing.

1.4.6 WAC 173-350-310(6) Operating Standards

(a) The transfer station has developed a plan of operation to comply with the requirements of this section and that was approved during the transfer station permitting process. A copy will be kept in the transfer station operations building and shall be available for inspection at the request of the Thurston County Public Health and Social Services Department. The plan includes the following:

(i) Types of solid waste: a list is provided in this plan (see section 4.2.2).

(ii) Waste acceptance program: the transfer station implements a written waste acceptance program to ensure that dangerous or unacceptable wastes are not accepted (see section 4.8).

(iii) Solid waste handling: handling methods are described in this plan (see section 4.4).

(iv) The transfer station is operated to meet the following standards:

(A) Control dust, litter, and nuisance odors: dust is controlled as needed using water (see section 4.5.1), litter recovery and good housekeeping is performed to control litter (see section 4.5.5), and handling areas are regularly cleaned and residential waste is managed to minimize odors (see section 4.5.2).

(B) Control rodents, insects, and other vectors: operational and cleaning procedures will control rodents, insects, birds, and other vectors (see section 4.5.6 and section 4.5.7).

(C) Prohibit scavenging: scavenging is not permitted.



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(D) Facility signage: a sign is posted at the site entrance identifying the facility, public hours, and type of waste accepted or not accepted.

(E) Aircraft Safety: birds are discouraged from assembling at the transfer station (see section 4.5.7).

(v) Owners inspection: routine inspections are performed to prevent facility deterioration and releases of waste to the environment (see section 5.1).

(vi) Recordkeeping: records on weights and types of wastes received, or removed, are maintained in the operating record (see section 5.2).

(vii) Safety and emergency plan: safety and emergency procedures are followed (see section 4.6 and section 4.7).

(viii) Other details required by the Thurston County Public Health and Social Services Department: comments from applicable agencies (County or State) will be addressed as necessary.

(b) The plan of operation will also meet the following standards, which are specific to transfer stations:

(i) Provide operating attendant(s): the transfer station will be attended by a trained operating staff member during hours of operation.

(ii) Emergency communications: a telephone will be located at the operations building.

(iii) Manage leachate: Leachate effluent from the landfill is conveyed to the public sanitary sewer system.

(iv) Tipping floor waste: During normal operations waste is removed from the tipping floor at the end of every day.

(c) The transfer station is not a drop box facility; therefore, requirements related to drop box facilities do not apply.

(d) Reporting: reports are submitted annually to the Thurston County Public Health and Social Services Department and the Washington State Department of Ecology (see section 5.3). Reports will include:

(i) Name and address of the facility;

(ii) Calendar year covered by the report;

(iii) Annual quantity of each type of solid waste handled by the facility, in tons;

(iv) Destination of waste transported from the facility for processing or disposal; and

(v) Any additional information required by the jurisdictional health department as a condition of the permit.

1.4.7 WAC 173-350-310(7) Groundwater Monitoring There are no specific groundwater monitoring requirements for transfer station and drop box facilities. However, according to 173-350-040(5), the facility must “comply with all other applicable local, state, and federal laws and regulations,” as they pertain to protection of groundwater. No known local laws or regulations on groundwater protection apply to the transfer station.



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1.4.8 WAC 173-350-310(8) Closure Requirements

A general closure plan has been prepared and approved by the Health Department (see section 7.0). Currently, there are no specific plans or timeline for facility closure; when closure is necessary a detailed closure plan will be submitted to the County for approval. A closure plan must comply with:

(a) Notification: the Thurston County Public Health and Social Services Department will be notified at least 90 days in advance of closure.

(b) Waste Removal Location: waste will be removed to a facility that complies with applicable standards.

(c) Waste Removal: the method of removal will be specified. 1.4.9 WAC 173-350-310(9) Financial Assurance There are no specific financial assurance requirements for transfer station and drop box facilities. However, according to 173-350-040(5), the facility must “comply with all other applicable local, state, and federal laws and regulations” as they pertain to demonstrating financial assurance. No known local laws or regulations related to financial assurance apply to the transfer station. 1.4.10 WAC 173-350-310(10) Permit Application All transfer station and drop box facilities are required to obtain a solid waste permit from the jurisdictional health department. The Facility has a permit. Any application for a new permit must include:

(a) Engineering reports and plans that address design and documentation standards in WAC 173-350-310(4) and (5) above.

(b) A plan of operation: developed and implemented per WAC 173-350-310(6) above.

(c) A closure plan: general plan included in this Plan per WAC 173-350-310(8) above.



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SITE INFORMATION This section provides general site information. 2.1 Location The Thurston County Transfer Station site is located northeast of the intersection between Interstate 5 and State Highway 510 (see Vicinity Map, Figure 1). The site is located in the northwest quarter of Section 12, Township 18 North, Range 1 West, Willamette Meridian. The transfer station site lies completely within the boundaries of the closed Thurston County/Hawks Prairie Landfill and is bounded to the south by Interstate 5. 2.2 Ownership and Operation Thurston County (County) owns the property, the transfer station building, and associated internal stationary equipment. Harold LeMay Enterprises, Inc. operates and maintains the facility under term contract with the County. The current term is scheduled to expire in year 2020. 2.3 Facility Capacity Projected waste quantities for the transfer station at the time of opening in May 2000 were estimated at 400-tons per day. Waste quantities are projected to double (up to 800-tons per day) over the twenty-year design life of the facility. 2.4 Service Area The Facility serves the residents and commercial haulers of Thurston County. Waste and recyclables are not accepted from outside of Thurston County. 2.5 Access The Thurston County Transfer Station is accessed by using the same roads which accessed the Thurston County/Hawks Prairie Landfill (see Overall Site Map, Figure 2). Entrance to the site is east from Hogum Bay Road, approximately 200 feet east of the intersection with Marvin Road (State Highway 510). Once on the landfill site, vehicles pass by the outbound scale complex and proceed east to the transfer station inbound scale plaza queue. Leaving the scale plaza, commercial vehicles will proceed east along the entrance way to the transfer station and tipping platform. Public self-haulers and vehicles hauling yard debris or wood waste will turn north to the public tipping area. Return traffic will follow the same route to leave the transfer station and landfill site. On weekends, when commercial traffic is minimal, public tipping from self-haulers may be conducted at the transfer station facility to reduce double handling of waste and long queuing times.



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FACILITY DESCRIPTION This section describes the design features of the transfer station as reported by KPG, Inc. in 2000. 3.1 General The waste handling area of the transfer station building is enclosed within three levels of a concrete and steel building structure. The upper level (tipping floor) encompasses an area of 4,600 square feet along the north side of the building where commercial waste haulers will interface with the transfer station facility. A 1,700 square foot operations building for administrative functions is included at the west end of the tipping floor. The middle level (receiving floor) encompasses an area of approximately 14,000 square feet where waste is dumped from the tipping floor from 10 feet above. Waste is consolidated and bulk sorted on the receiving floor before entering the lower loading level. The loading level encompasses an area of approximately 7,800 square feet where sorted waste is deposited in bins and/or compacted for hauling. The station design features are described further in the following sections. 3.2 Civil Features This section describes the transfer station’s civil design features. 3.2.1 Grading As stated above, the transfer station is situated on three general elevations. The tipping floor and operations building are located at approximate elevation 228 feet above mean sea level (amsl), the receiving floor at 218 feet amsl, and the loading level at 201 feet amsl. Approximately 43,000 cubic yards of soil have been redistributed to grade the site to the required elevations. All finished slopes are 2 to 1, or flatter, in accordance with site development regulations. 3.2.2 Stormwater Control The transfer station's stormwater control system was designed to handle runoff from a 100-year, 24-hour Thurston County storm event. Surface water from paved areas, as well as runoff from all transfer station building roofs, is collected in catch basins located throughout the site and flows by gravity through underground pipes to a collection pond located directly east of the site. A pumping system at the collection pond conveys stormwater to an infiltration facility, sized to accommodate the entire landfill site. A Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) is implemented by Thurston County for the entire landfill site. This SWPPP includes the closed landfill, the household hazardous waste (HHW) facility, the transfer station, the yard trimmings receiving and processing area, former sand and gravel operation (inactive), the transit Park-N-Ride, a public park, a County maintenance facility, and offices. 3.2.3 Roads The transfer station access roads are designed to minimize traffic interference between site visitors, self-haulers, commercial haulers, and transfer trailers. Site visitors, self-haulers, and commercial vehicles are restricted to transfer building access roads and tipping areas. Transfer trailers share the access road to and from the transfer station but concentrate their activities around the loading level and container staging areas at the opposite (south) side of the facility. Double lane access roads are a minimum of 24 feet wide, consisting of two, 12-foot-wide lanes. Fire lanes are marked with a minimum of 20-foot-wide clear passage around the facility for fire truck access. All roads are asphalt concrete (AC) paved and consist of 6-inch gravel subbase, topped with 3 inches of AC. Road shoulders are constructed of compacted gravel.



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3.2.4 Parking Two areas are designated for passenger vehicle parking at the site. The primary parking area, designated for site visitors and operators, is located at the northwest corner adjacent to the operations office. This area consists of four (4) standard stalls, 20- by 10-foot and one (1) handicap parking stall consisting of the same dimensions with a 20- by 8-foot Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)-compliant access aisle. Additional parking is available at the loading level on the west side of the transfer station building. Ten standard stalls, 20- by 9-foot, are included for operations personnel. A van accessible handicap stall with ADA access aisle is included at the loading area on the east side of the building near the employee break room. A third handicap stall with an ADA access aisle has also been provided at the scale plaza facility. Trailer and container parking and staging will be provided in a gravel area south of the transfer station building. 3.2.5 Landscaping Tree screening is provided along the western property boundary. Laurel and Poplar trees have been planted to form an effective screen. Trees are also present in a landscaped area on the eastern side of the transfer station, along with evergreen shrubs and bushes to improve aesthetics and screening. Additional minor landscaping is present throughout the site. Other non-paved areas are covered with grass to prevent erosion. 3.2.6 Fencing and Signs Access to the transfer station is controlled by a chain link fence topped with barbed wire around the landfill site. Since the transfer station is confined within the landfill and the tipping floor is enclosed within the building, additional fencing is not necessary to provide security against unauthorized access. A sign posted at the scale plaza identifies the transfer station by name, the hours during which the facility is open for public use, unacceptable waste materials, a schedule of charges, and other necessary information. Additional signs are posted at the transfer building to direct traffic to designated parking, loading, and unloading areas. 3.3 Utilities This section describes the utilities that serve the transfer station. 3.3.1 Sewer Two wastewater streams are generated at the transfer station; domestic sewage from the transfer station operations building and wash-down water from the waste handling operations. An estimated 500 gallons per day of domestic wastewater flows by gravity from the transfer station operations building and scale plaza to a sanitary sump/pump station located south of the transfer station building. An estimated 1,500 gallons per day of wash-down water from the waste handling areas is collected in interior floor drains and conveyed by gravity to a pretreatment separator to remove grit, debris, and residual oils or grease. Wastewater effluent from the pretreatment separator flows by gravity to the sanitary sump/pump station. There it combines with the domestic wastewater and is discharged through a 3-inch-diameter force main to an existing sanitary manhole used to convey leachate effluent from the landfill to the public sanitary sewer system. Portable toilets and a trailer sewage tank are also used to store domestic wastewater generated by employees and customers. This waste stream is disposed of off-site by the third-party vendor that provides and services the portable toilets.



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3.3.2 Electricity Electrical services for the transfer station are supplied by Puget Sound Energy through a transformer, located in the landscaped area at the east side of the transfer station building, just outside the compactor trailer bay. A main service disconnect, motor control center, and lighting panel are at the main switchboard, located in the transfer station electrical equipment room. 3.3.3 Domestic Water An 8-inch water/fire main serves the transfer station. The water/fire main approaches the transfer station along the access road, circling the building, and terminating at the utility island south of the building. A two-inch service line supplies domestic water to the transfer station from the water/fire main. 3.3.4 Fire Suppression Water The water/fire main supplies fire suppression water to the building sprinkler system and three fire hydrants. The transfer station is equipped with a NFPA -13 automatic fire sprinkler system throughout the entire structure. The fire flow requirements are 1,925 gallons per minute (gpm) for one hour with a minimum residual pressure of 20 pounds per square inch (psi), measured at the furthest fire hydrant. 3.3.5 Communication Telephone service extends to the transfer station and scale facilities from the services supplied to the landfill offices. Additionally, two-way radio and/or cellular phone communication is maintained continuously during the hours of operation between the transfer station supervisor, the operations staff, the scale plaza, and the transfer station trailer drivers. 3.4 Structural Features This section describes the structural components of the transfer station. 3.4.1 Tipping Floor and Vehicle Maneuvering Areas Vehicles bringing waste to the transfer station access the building from the north side along the 190-linear-foot tipping floor. Tipping floor base slab dimensions are 190 by 24 feet and it consists of 12-inch-thick steel reinforced concrete. Concrete construction specifications for all structural units were Portland Cement: ASTM C 150, Type I, 3,000 psi, 28-day compressive strength, with a maximum slump of 3 inches and maximum water to concrete ratio of 0.45. Concrete wheel stops, line striping, and instructional signage alert the waste haulers to the tipping access areas. Additionally, a chain safety rail alerts waste haulers to areas of the tipping floor that are closed to traffic. The tipping floor area is covered by an extended roof to protect against stormwater contact. The vehicle maneuvering area, north of the tipping floor, encompasses an area of approximately 13,000 square feet. Paving includes 3 inches of Class B asphalt over 6 inches crushed surfacing gravel top course. Paved areas are underlain by common fill compacted to 95 percent (95%). 3.4.2 Retaining Walls The tipping floor is 10 feet higher in elevation than the receiving floor. The receiving floor is 17 feet higher in elevation than the loading floor. A continuous 12-inch-thick reinforced steel concrete retaining wall provides the elevation change.



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3.4.3 Receiving Floor The receiving floor consists of an 8-inch-thick structural slab overlain by a 4-inch-thick wearing slab. The structural slab is constructed as per specifications described for the tipping floor above. The wearing slab is constructed of high-strength concrete to supply a strong wearing finish against scraping by waste handling front end loaders. A cage drain structure is situated at the northeast corner of the receiving floor to collect wash-down water and provide an easily maintainable screen to filter out debris from the wastewater stream. 3.4.4 Loading Floor Transfer trailers and bins are positioned on the loading floor to receive waste from the receiving level above. Waste is routed to a compactor on the loading level. Loading floor construction includes a 12-inch-thick steel reinforced concrete slab-on-grade floor. The structural slab is constructed per tipping floor specifications. Compacting operations are performed on the loading level along the south side of the facility. Waste is weighed in conjunction with compaction activities to ensure conformance with highway weight limitations. Compacted waste is extruded hydraulically from the compactor into a waiting container trailer for transport. The container loading areas are enclosed to provide protection against the elements. 3.4.5 Transfer Station Building The transfer station building is a prefabricated steel building encompassing all waste handling areas, operations offices, and employee facilities. The transfer station roof is constructed of metal sheeting with insulation to provide protection against condensation. Walls consist of metal siding except along portions of the east and west walls where translucent fiberglass reinforced plastic siding is provided to enhance lighting on the receiving floor. The tipping floor maintains a clear area of 25 feet from the floor elevation to the roof overhang. Loading floor access openings maintain 16 feet of clear area along the east and west sides and 13 feet of clear area along the south side. A 25-foot clear access way is provided for the receiving floor apron at the northeast corner of the building. Waste handling areas within the transfer station are not heated. Ventilation is provided at waste handling areas to exhaust stagnant air and reduce internal odor problems. Employee facilities and operations offices are heated and insulated. 3.4.6 Operations Office The 1,700-square-foot operations office is located on the west end of the tipping floor level to support operational and administrative tasks. The operations office includes a restroom facility, conference room, office, and common clerical space. 3.4.7 Employee Facilities A 1,100-square-foot employee facilities area is provided at the east end of the loading level. The facilities include a break room, men's and women's restroom and shower, and a mechanical/electrical room. 3.4.8 Scale Houses Two 450-square-foot scale houses are located at the scale plaza to shelter employees that monitor waste haulers through the scale facility. The scale houses include a toll booth, break room, restroom, and an office. There are four scales; two used for inbound traffic, and two used for outbound traffic.



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Commercial haulers are provided with an automated weighing system that allows them to drive onto the inbound and outbound scales and scan a card. This system was installed to make commercial operations more efficient. If one set of scales at either scale house becomes inoperable, the other scale house can be utilized to weigh both inbound and outbound vehicles; one scale for inbound, one for outbound. 3.5 Mechanical Systems This section describes the transfer station mechanical systems. 3.5.1 Ventilation The transfer station waste handling areas are equipped with six electrically operated ventilators, designed to provide one air change every 30 minutes. Operations and employee facilities will have standard heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems separate from the waste handling areas. 3.5.2 Plumbing The transfer station is plumbed to deliver water to the following facilities:

• The wash-down water system • Operations office and employee facilities domestic water system • The transfer building fire sprinkler system

The wash-down and domestic water systems are provided by a 1½-inch water service (metered) connection to the public water supply. Wash-down water is delivered to six hose reels located along the inner periphery of the transfer station building. Three hose bibs are also spaced around the outer periphery of the building. 3.5.3 Fire Suppression An automatic sprinkler system, meeting the requirements of National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA) No. 13, provides fire suppression to the waste handling areas, operations office, and employee facilities. The system is a dry pipe-type to protect against freezing in unheated areas. In addition to the sprinkler system, all areas within the transfer station building are equipped with wall-mounted manual fire extinguishers of class ABC, dry chemical fire retardant, that meet NFPA, Section 10 requirements. 3.5.4 Compacting Equipment Waste compacting is performed by a stationary, pre-load compactor designed to form a high-density bale for shipment. The compactor produces a single untied bale measuring 7-feet- wide by 7-feet tall by up to 33-feet long. Compaction is provided by an electrically powered, single stage 26-foot stroke hydraulic cylinder. The scale system is equipped with self-checking electronic load cells mounted at four locations on the compactor base for accurate weight measuring. After compacting, the bale is ejected from the compactor into a container trailer temporarily fastened to the compactor by an automatically activated floor mounted hydraulic hitch to hold the transport vehicle in place while the bale is being loaded. Bale weights average 32 tons with approximate volume of 65 cubic yards. A radio remote control and remote-mounted display board is provided at the receiving floor elevation to indicate bale weight, length, and compactor status.



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3.6 Electrical Systems This section describes the facility’s electrical system. 3.6.1 Service Electrical service to the transfer station is provided by Puget Sound Energy from a transformer located onsite at the east side of the transfer station building near the compactor trailer loading bay. The transformer was installed specifically to provide electrical power to the transfer station facility. Three phase electrical power is delivered below ground from the transformer to the electrical room on the loading level. 3.6.2 Lighting Waste handling areas within the transfer station building are illuminated by an array of 454-Watt, high pressure sodium lamps. Lighting fixtures are mounted to the transfer building exterior. Lighting is directed to illuminate access ways and building entrances. 3.6.3 Motors Two 125-HP motors provide the power for hydraulic compaction. Power requirements include 400-amp, 440-volt, 3 phase 60 cycle electrical service. A NEMA 4 panel furnished with main disconnect, motor starters, overload protection, circuit breaker, and isolation transformer are included with the motor control center. 3.6.4 Utility Watertight duplex receptacles are located throughout the facility for utility uses. The receptacles are single-phase. 3.7 Ancillary Facilities This section describes facilities that are ancillary to the transfer station. 3.7.1 Scale Plazas Facilities at each scale plaza include a scale house, a toll booth, and two 80-linear foot platform truck scales. An automated weighing system is employed to increase operations efficiency through the scales for commercial haulers. Vehicles are weighed inbound and outbound to assess tipping fees at the toll booth. 3.7.2 Other Facilities (Pre-2000) Other facilities on-site include a yard debris drop-off and processing area, a composting area, a public tipping facility, a recycling drop-box area, a closed landfill, and a household hazardous waste (HHW) drop-off operation. The closed landfill and HHW facility are operated by Thurston County Public Works. All other solid waste activities are operated by Harold LeMay Enterprises.



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OPERATIONAL INFORMATION, PLANS, AND PROCEDURES This section describes how the transfer station is operated. Information is provided about the quantity and types of waste that is handled; traffic routes, volumes, and movement around the facility; environmental control systems; and emergency plans and procedures. This section also contains plans for identifying and handling unacceptable waste; handling of accidental waste spillage; and the facility safety plan. 4.1 Hours of Operation The Thurston County Transfer Station is open to certified commercial haulers beginning at 5:30 A.M. and public customers beginning at 7:00 A.M., and closes at 4:45 P.M. Monday through Friday, and 8:00 A.M. to 4:45 P.M. on Saturday and Sunday. The facility is closed on New Year's Day, the Fourth of July, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. Commercial haulers are allowed access to the facility for half days on the Fourth of July and Thanksgiving Day. 4.2 Quantity and Types of Waste Handled This section describes the estimated quantities and types of waste that are handled by the transfer station. 4.2.1 Waste Quantity The transfer station waste volume, at the time of opening in May of 2000, was estimated to be 400 tons per day. It was projected to double (up to 800 tons per day) over the twenty-year design life of the facility (by 2020). 4.2.2 Waste Types The Thurston County Transfer Station handles municipal solid waste (MSW); non-hazardous industrial, commercial, and institutional (ICI) waste; construction, demolition, and land clearing (C&D) waste; and bagged asbestos. Liquid, hazardous, and dangerous wastes are not accepted. Section 4.8 "Waste Acceptance Program" provides additional information about the types of waste that are handled by the facility. 4.3 Traffic This section describes transfer station routes, volumes, and movements. 4.3.1 Traffic Routes The Thurston County/Hawks Prairie Landfill is accessed from Hogum Bay Road, approximately 900 feet northeast of the junction between Interstate 5 and State Highway 510 (see Vicinity Map, Figure 1). The transfer station geographic service area includes virtually all of Thurston County. The transfer station was built on the former Thurston County/Hawks Prairie Landfill site. 4.3.2 Traffic Volumes In general, three categories of vehicles deliver waste to the Thurston County Transfer Station: commercial collection vehicles including residential and commercial packers and roll-off, flat-bed, and dump trucks; individual self-haul vehicles, including pickups, automobiles, trailers, vans, and some light trucks; and transfer vehicles from other transfer station facilities. A Traffic Scoping Report was completed by SCA Engineering in 1998 to study possible impacts to regional traffic circulation in the immediate areas surrounding the landfill site. This report was prepared before the transfer station was constructed in 2000. The report indicated no projected increase in solid waste delivery trips to the site as a result of the transfer station project. The facility was expected to handle approximately 400 tons of compacted waste per day, requiring approximately 15 truck deliveries per day to the Centralia



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intermodal yard. Additionally, the project will maintain 19 full-time employees, 7 of which already worked at the Hawks Prairie Landfill site, for a net increase of approximately 12 employees on-site. SCA Engineering concluded that the projected traffic increases associated with the transfer station project do not warrant a full traffic impact analysis, indicating minimal impacts to area roadways. A copy of the Traffic Scoping Report is included with the SEPA Environmental Checklist in Appendix F. 4.3.3 Queuing and On-site Traffic Movement Several factors have been evaluated to promote smooth, orderly, timely traffic movement at the Thurston County Transfer Station. Factors considered include:

• Forecast traffic volumes, including seasonal, weekly, and daily fluctuations • The number of tipping stalls provided • Cycle time for scale house transactions and tipping operations

Access roads and tipping areas for the transfer station have been configured to separate commercial vehicles from self-haul vehicles during normal operations. Separating these two traffic streams results in more efficient traffic flow into and out of transfer buildings and enhances safety during tipping operations. Calculations of peak design conditions indicate the 12 tipping stalls available on the tipping floor will exceed adequate capacity requirements to avoid queuing. Additional tipping stalls available at the existing public tipping area will divide traffic streams and relieve queuing for self-haul customers during peak weekends in the summer. 4.3.4 Communication A two-way radio system is employed at the site to provide constant communication and supervision of traffic movement throughout the site. Radio units are provided to the transfer station supervisor, the lead operator, the front loader operator, the maintenance supervisor, the scale house operators, and the office reception. Radio frequencies are tuned to communicate with commercial truck traffic entering the site. Additional radio sets are available in the operations office for backup and/or when extra communication capability is required. Facility employees may also use cellular phones for regular communication. 4.4 Waste Handling This section describes the waste handling methods to be applied at the transfer station. 4.4.1 Waste Delivery and Removal All vehicles enter the Thurston County/Hawks Prairie Landfill main gate at Hogum Bay Road (see Figure 2). The following narrative describes the solid waste delivery and removal procedure for self-haul vehicles, commercial vehicles, and transfer trailers. Self-Haul Vehicles: Self-haul vehicles entering the landfill site use the inbound scale facility. After weighing, vehicles proceed to the public tipping area. The scale facility and access road to the public tipping area are separate from traffic moving in and out of the transfer station complex. Occasionally, transfer trailers use public tipping access roads in maneuvering to gain access to the scale plaza to perform weight checks. Self-haul vehicle traffic is typically heaviest on weekends, when commercial traffic is at its lightest. During periods of exceptionally heavy weekend traffic, the transfer station may be opened to self-haul vehicles for tipping to reduce queuing backups. Whenever possible, self-haul vehicles are directed by transfer station personnel directly onto the receiving floor apron, where a number of tipping lanes are set up. Self-haulers



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deposit their waste onto the receiving floor, then exit the building and proceed to the scales. Self-haul vehicles exit the facility through the same scale complex used when entering. Commercial Vehicles: Commercial vehicles entering the site proceed directly to the inbound scale plaza. At the scale plaza, they enter the commercial hauler inbound scale queue to have their vehicles weighed. From the scale plaza, commercial vehicles proceed along the access road to the transfer station. Approaching the transfer station from the access road (northwest), commercial vehicles are directed to the tipping floor along the north side of the facility. Transfer station personnel further direct vehicles to back into 1 of 12 stalls identified by painted lines on the tipping floor. After unloading, they exit the transfer station and proceed to the outbound scale plaza where they are weighed to determine their tare weight and assess tipping fees before leaving the site. Commercial vehicles exit the site via a commercial hauler outbound scale queue and do not join self-haul vehicles in their outbound scale queue. Transfer Trailers: Transfer trailers entering the site bypass the existing scale complex and the transfer station scale plaza and proceed along the access road to the transfer station. Transfer trailers continue past the tipping area, around the east side of the facility to the container storage area. Under normal operating conditions, the driver deposits the empty container in the container parking area and picks up a full container for transport to the intermodal transfer facility. Leaving the facility, transfer trailers bypass the outbound scale plaza and proceed toward the exit in the same way as commercial vehicles. Periodically, a loaded trailer is selected and weighed at the outbound scale. 4.4.2 Compactor Loading Waste on the receiving floor is pushed into the compactor loading chute. Waste entering the chute will fall by gravity into the waiting compactor. Before the compaction cycle begins, a broad knife slides across the chute opening at the compactor interface to cut the waste and close the hopper entrance. This prevents waste from falling into the compactor behind the extended hydraulic ram. Compaction cycles continue until the desired weight is obtained for the compacted bale. 4.4.3 Trailer Loading Once the desired bale weight is obtained, it is discharged from the compactor into a transfer trailer. A trailer loading bay is provided at the east side of the building where empty trailers are backed up to the end of the compactor unit. A hydraulically activated hitch secures the trailer to the compactor. Bales are then ejected from the compactor chamber by opening a vertical gate and operating the compacting ram to push the bale clear of the chamber and into the trailer. When the compactor is down for service or otherwise inoperable, open-topped trailers will be loaded through one of two available chutes at the southwest corner of the receiving floor. Trailers will access this loading bay from the west side of the building. A hydraulic compaction arm mounted at the receiving floor distributes and compacts the waste in the waiting trailer below. A trailer scale display is monitored during loading to achieve proper axle load for highway travel. When a trailer has been fully loaded, the compactor arm operator will communicate to the tractor operator that loading is complete. The tractor driver will verify vehicle clearances before moving the trailer clear of the loading bay. Before transport, all open-topped trailers are covered with a tarp to control litter.



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Under normal operating conditions, all refuse is removed from the receiving floor and placed into the compactor or transfer trailer at the end of each day. Open-topped transfer trailers that are not completely loaded at the end of each day's operation are kept in position beneath the loading chute. Loading will be completed during the next day's operation. Trailers loaded with solid waste are typically not allowed to remain on site more than 24 hours. 4.4.4 Tarping A tarping station is provided at the south side of the facility (see Figure 3). All open-topped trailers are covered by tarps before transport on public roads. 4.4.5 Emergency Waste Storage If the transfer trailers cannot remove waste from the transfer station due to a failure of the transportation system, such as a road/rail closure, or if the receiving intermodal transfer facility unexpectedly closes for an extended period, emergency storage of solid waste at the transfer building may be required. In the event that solid waste cannot be removed from the transfer building, it will be temporarily stockpiled on the receiving floor. The receiving floor has an emergency waste storage capacity of approximately 3,000 cubic yards, assuming 85 percent (85%) of the receiving floor area is covered to a depth of 8 feet. This equates to approximately 700 tons, or 1¾ days of average daily inflow (assuming 400-tons per day). Additional emergency storage could be obtained by using portions of the receiving floor exterior apron and by filling additional empty containers and trailers stored on the site. If stockpiling of waste occurs within the transfer building, the Thurston County Public Health and Social Services Department will be notified. Notification will account for the circumstances causing the stockpiling of waste, the anticipated length of time that refuse will accumulate, and the anticipated amount of refuse that will accumulate. 4.4.6 Asbestos Handling Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral substance consisting of tiny silicate fibers. It can readily mix with many materials from cotton to cement. It is strong; durable; resistant to heat, chemicals, and wear; and is an excellent insulator. For all of these unusual qualities asbestos found its way into numerous commercial and industrial applications until 1980. Unfortunately, asbestos causes diseases (such as asbestosis and several cancers) and presents a significant health hazard to employees and the public. Due to its disease potential it is strictly regulated. In today’s solid waste stream asbestos is largely limited to demolition and remodeling wastes. In general terms there are two types of asbestos containing materials; friable (FACM) and non-friable (NFACM). FACM can be crumbled with hand pressure and release the hazardous fibers into the air. In NFACMs the asbestos fibers are held in place by a binder, a resin, or cement. Projects in Thurston County that involve the removal of asbestos containment materials require an asbestos survey and permitting from ORCAA. Transfer station operators inspect for and reject loads with asbestos that are being improperly disposed. Suspicious loads are segregated until their status can be determined by examination or analysis. The site manager will be notified immediately to determine a course of action. Some potential sources of asbestos at the transfer station are as follows:

• Boiler Insulation

• Blown-in Household Insulation

• Home and Mobile Home Debris – All demolition waste from homes, mobile homes, and manufactured housing requires an asbestos survey demonstrating that it is asbestos free before



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acceptance. Transfer station operators should confirm the survey results with the office before acceptance.

• Pipe Lagging or Insulation

• Popcorn Ceiling Removal Debris

• Transite (asbestos cement shingles, siding, and piping)

• Vinyl Floor Tiles Because of the known health risks caused by asbestos exposure, site personnel take special precautions to minimize the possibilities of customers delivering asbestos containing materials. Site personnel ask initial phone screening questions of customers to determine whether the material they are demolishing is acceptable. Load checks of inbound customer materials are performed by site personnel to identify any known asbestos containing materials that may be improperly handled. Annual asbestos awareness training is provided to employees on asbestos hazards, common asbestos-containing materials, and how to work with customers to properly dispose of asbestos. Only asbestos that has been manifested, double bagged, labeled, and sealed per Olympic Region Clean Air Agency (ORCAA) regulations will be accepted at the transfer station. Loose asbestos or asbestos that has not been double bagged, labeled, and sealed per ORCAA regulations is not accepted. Properly manifested and double bagged asbestos is transferred by hand from self-haul or commercial vehicles to a dedicated asbestos container located (outside) to the north of the transfer station building. Bags containing asbestos are carefully placed in the container to prevent rupture and escape of asbestos material. The asbestos container is fitted with a cover that remains closed, except when the container is being loaded or unloaded, and is labeled "Asbestos Waste Only." When full, the container is transferred to a landfill facility that accepts asbestos. 4.4.7 Appliances Appliances (white goods) received at the transfer facility are handled at the receiving floor apron outside the transfer station building. A contractor that is certified to extract, handle, and recycle refrigerants has been retained to remove appliances weekly (or as needed) from the site. Appliances are temporarily stored on the site in a container unit for timely pick-up by the appliance contractor. In addition to the contracted service, trained staff will be available to perform refrigerant extraction from appliances if the need should arise. Refrigerant extraction shall be performed by trained and certified personnel using properly certified evacuation equipment and collected in an approved manner which shall meet all applicable regulations for chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) collection and recycling. Thurston County Public Health and Social Services Department and the ORCAA shall be contacted for authorization prior to any CFC extraction and handling activities performed on the site. 4.4.8 Recyclables A public recycling program is provided for most areas within the surrounding communities that contribute waste to the transfer station. Therefore, it is unlikely that typical waste streams passing through the facility will contain high proportions of recyclable material. However, waste identified as containing high quantities of glass, plastics, aluminum, recyclable paper, and scrap iron are pushed with the front-end loader to the pick-line conveyor for recycling. Material passing through the pick-line is picked and sorted by its respective type and discharged to bins waiting on the loading floor below. Recycle bins are transferred to a recycling center when full.



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4.4.9 Household Hazardous Waste Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) is not accepted at the Thurston County Transfer Station. Waste screening procedures are employed at the scale house and by attendants at the tipping facilities to prevent HHW from entering the building (see section 4.8, Waste Acceptance Program). However, even the most rigorous screening efforts cannot prevent some small quantities of HHW intermixed with municipal solid waste from being discharged onto the receiving floor. HHW discovered on the receiving floor will be carefully examined and removed by properly trained and Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HAZWOPER) 40-hour-certified staff, when safe to do so, to a special tote container designated for temporary storage of HHW. Hazardous materials stored within the tote are sorted to prevent the occurrence of dangerous reactions between non-compatible chemical agents. Periodically, the tote is removed and emptied at the public HHW Collection Facility (i.e., HazoHouse Facility) located near the site entrance and operated by Thurston County. Materials that are questionable as hazardous or dangerous waste must undergo the County’s waste screening and disposal process as provided in section 4.8.1 of this Plan of Operation. Waste which may be hazardous and have the potential for affecting staff health and safety shall be dealt with per emergency plans and procedures (see section 4.7). Employees are instructed to dial 911 when any HHW is in question. 4.5 Environmental Control Systems This section describes environmental control systems that are integral to the design or are employed at the transfer station. The effects of dust, odors, and noise generated at the transfer station have been examined in an "Air Quality and Noise Review,” included with the SEPA Environmental Checklist in Appendix F. 4.5.1 Dust Given the proximity of the transfer station and relative distance from potential receptors, dust impacts are not expected to extend to off-site locations. If, however, large dusty loads are dumped onto the receiving floor, operating personnel use wash-down hose water to wet down the load as it is being dumped. The transfer station ventilation system filters and exhausts airborne particulates that are not controlled by the methods described above. Dust masks are made available to the transfer station staff as personal protective equipment. 4.5.2 Odors Odors emanating from the solid waste are minimized by promptly removing the waste from the receiving floor. Waste handling areas are cleaned daily to minimize odors that may be produced by decay of minor waste accumulations. Additionally, the building ventilation system circulates fresh air into the facility at a rate of one building volume every half-hour. 4.5.3 Noise The acoustical environment on the landfill site is dominated by noise from a variety of industrial sources and traffic. Ambient noises include traffic on Interstate 5, noise from a nearby asphalt plant, and sources associated with the transfer station operation. Prior to the transfer station startup in 2000, the Hawks Prairie Landfill received waste directly. Operation of the transfer station added a relatively minor noise source to the area in terms of the pre-2000 acoustical environment, and eliminated or relocated several equipment noise sources farther from the closest off-site noise receptors.



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4.5.4 Wastewater Waste handling areas within the building were designed to contain all wash-down water generated within. The floors are sloped to internal drain structures so that standing water will not occur on floor surfaces or around waste handling areas. Wash-down water that collects in the building floor drains is piped by gravity through a pretreatment separator to remove sinking and floating debris. Treated water effluent from the separator is piped by gravity to a lift station at the south side of the building and subsequently pumped to the public sanitary sewer. All pipe systems are maintained through the drain structures and cleanout access. Due to increased operations, a vactor truck pumps and removes wastewater bi-weekly to keep up with increased wastewater demand. 4.5.5 Blowing Litter Waste handling areas associated with the transfer station are enclosed by the building structure to prevent blowing litter. Loaded trailers are covered with tarps before leaving the transfer station. Ground litter is collected daily from around the trailer and container storage area and good housekeeping practices are implemented to regularly pick up blown litter in peripheral areas. 4.5.6 Vectors Vector species commonly associated with landfilling/waste handling operations (flies, mosquitoes, rats, and rodents) are controlled at the transfer station by maintaining good housekeeping practices. All waste material is handled within the transfer station building. Rats and other rodent propagation is limited by removing waste from the tipping and receiving floors in a timely manner and through regular use of poison bate traps. If required, a professional exterminator service is employed to control vector species. 4.5.7 Bird Control Seagulls are controlled according to best management practices established in the Bird Abatement Plan. Bird abatement utilizes harassment techniques to discourage the presence or congregation of birds at the facility. The Bird Abatement Plan is uniquely adapted to the Thurston County Transfer Station facility and developed through trial and successful measures. Other bird species including crows, hawks, and songbirds typically observed at the landfill site, pose less threat of bird vector transmittal in association with the transfer station. However, these species are also addressed in the Bird Abatement Plan. 4.6 Safety Plan The Thurston County Transfer Station operating personnel are trained in proper procedures for handling solid wastes, performing facility operations, and responding to emergency situations. Specific safety/emergency equipment and requirements associated with the transfer station are described as follows. Additional emergency response information is described in section 4.7, “Emergency Plans and Procedures.” 4.6.1 General Safety Procedures General safety procedures that will be used at the transfer station include:

• The site supervisor will conduct a weekly walk-around safety inspection. Inspections help to provide for a safe working environment for employees and ensure functional safety equipment that is ready when needed. Results of the weekly safety inspection will be recorded within the operations record.

• The site supervisor will conduct monthly safety meetings focused on the results of the weekly walk-around inspection, a review the hazards identified, and answers to safety-related questions from employees.

• Prepare and post the minutes of safety meetings.



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• Establish a safety bulletin board to display safety meeting minutes, emergency information, educational safety materials, and site user rules. Inform all employees of its location.

• Ensure that the eye wash station and a safety shower are accessible and operational.

• Provide personal protective equipment (PPE) for recognized hazards.

• Prohibit eating, drinking, or smoking while working within the transfer building. Require washing of hands and face prior to work breaks.

• Conduct periodic reviews of safety procedures to assess their effectiveness. Make appropriate amendments to remedy any unsafe practices.

4.6.2 Personnel Protection Transfer station employees must wear appropriate protective clothing and safety equipment (i.e., personal protective equipment or PPE) when directing traffic and unloading operations, operating heavy equipment, and performing maintenance. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has developed recommended work place behaviors for solid waste personnel. The following is a brief outline of protective clothing that may be adopted by personnel in contact with or near solid waste.

• Eye Protection – Safety glasses with side shields (ANSI Standard Z87) should be used. "Plano" safety glasses can be worn by employees whose vision does not require correction.

• Head Protection – Protective headgear (hard hat) is recommended to help prevent injury to the head and face (ANSI Standard Z89).

• Skin Protection – The skin should be covered during solid waste handling as much as possible. This includes full-body covering (coveralls), gloves, and safety glasses. Hand protection is especially important when handling solid waste. Sturdy gloves should protect against punctures and lacerations.

• Foot Protection – Boots should have toe protection and have a puncture resistant sole of sufficient thickness and strength to protect the wearer against injury from sharp objects (ANSI Standard Z41).

• Respiratory Protection – Solid waste handlers should wear a NIOSH approved dust mask or filtering facepiece when working in contact with visible dust.

• Reflective Clothing – Employees whose duties are performed in high-traffic areas will wear vests of highly visible materials (ANSI Standard 107-2004 Class 3).

4.6.3 Emergency Equipment Primary emergency response equipment available at or near the transfer station includes:

• Safety shower and eye-wash station • Hose reel station • Portable ABC-type fire extinguishers • First aid supply station • Absorbent materials and spill cleanup equipment

4.6.4 Safety Training Transfer station employees periodically undergo safety training to prepare them to respond to emergency situations. A designated facility safety officer is responsible for scheduling safety and first aid training, and to ensure the transfer station is operated safely.



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4.7 Emergency Plans and Procedures Emergency situations may occur at the Thurston County Transfer Station that require special attention by the operators to maintain operation of the facility and to protect the public. This section describes the general types of emergencies that could occur and the response procedures for each. The general response to an emergency situation is as follows:

• Assess the situation and its impacts upon human health, the environment, and operation of the facility.

• Determine the immediate response required with particular emphasis on public and operator safety.

• Notify management of the emergency.

• Notify the appropriate services (911) and regulatory agencies as soon as possible.

• Reporting of employee accidents and corrective action to restore the facility to normal operation.

4.7.1 Bomb Threats Bomb threats are a special kind of emergency in which publicity must be controlled. The individual receiving the bomb threat should do the following:

• Prolong the conversation as long as possible. • Note background noises (aircraft, music, trains, etc.). • Ask where and when the bomb will explode. • Note the caller’s voice characteristics. • Notify management. • Complete the bomb threat report form. • Remain available until questioned by local and/or state employees.

The site supervisor will be notified of the bomb threat and will be responsible for the following:

• Call 911 and report • Evacuate • Obey emergency responders

4.7.2 Earthquakes 4.7.2.1 During the Earthquake Remain calm. If in a building, stay there and duck under a sturdy table or desk, move to an inside corner away from windows, or move to an inner wall or hallway. Do not rush outside. If you are outside, stay there. Move away from buildings, walls, power poles, and lamp posts. Stay away from fallen power lines. If in a moving vehicle or equipment, stop as quickly as safety permits in the best available space. Stay in the vehicle or equipment. 4.7.2.2 After the Earthquake Wait until all motion has stopped. Be prepared for possible aftershocks. Account for all persons known to have been on site. Provide first aid to any victims, if appropriate. Consult a radio or television for area-wide emergency information. Wait for evacuation instructions from the proper authority. Park all vehicles and shut down all equipment. Check for fires, potential fires, or other hazards. Check utilities and building appliances. Put telephone receivers back on their cradles. Complete a damage assessment and restart operations when instructed to do so.



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4.7.3 Explosions If an explosion (a sudden, loud, and violent release of energy often associated with flying debris or a fire) were to occur, the site supervisor or the first person on scene will immediately call 911. Account for all persons known to have been on site. Evacuate all customers and personnel from the explosion location. Provide first aid to any victims, as appropriate. Stay away from an explosive fire since the fire may trigger another explosion. The City of Lacey Police Department or Thurston County Sheriff’s Office will be notified of any explosive events. The most likely cause of an explosion at the transfer station would be a reaction with explosive materials that find their way into the waste stream. They could include small amounts of hazardous wastes, containers of gasoline or other combustible liquids, fireworks, and firearm ammunition. To minimize the potential for these materials to create hazards, waste coming through the scale plaza is inspected first by the pay booth attendant. If suspicious containers or materials are observed, the attendant will refuse to accept the waste. If the material is suspected to pose an immediate threat to human safety, 911 assistance will be established. Additionally, the sanitary pumping station is fitted with explosion-proof components to eliminate potential ignition sources of gas in the wastewater stream. 4.7.4 Fire Response Procedures In the event of a large fire (i.e., not controlled by on-site fire equipment) occurring at the transfer station during operating hours, staff will immediately order the evacuation of all personnel and customers from the site. The transfer building is equipped with automatic fire sprinkler systems to suppress major fire incidents. Depending on the circumstances of the fire, a site evacuation may be ordered with the consent of the site supervisor or other available management. In the absence of the ability to communicate with management personnel, equipment operators and solid waste technicians are authorized to order a site evacuation. 911 would be called to enlist fire department assistance. Facility staff will not attempt to fight or control any fire at the Facility unless the fire is small and is in an isolated area away from flammable materials. In this case, the portable fire extinguishers may be used. Fire extinguishers are located throughout the entire facility and are visually inspected monthly and serviced annually. 4.7.4.1 Heavy Equipment Fires Equipment fires can best be prevented by a regular maintenance and cleaning program, and by having an alert equipment operator. At the first sign of a fire, the equipment operator should do the following:

• Immediately notify site personnel that there is a fire and where it is located. • Shut off the engine. • Evacuate the vehicle. • Determine if the fire department needs to be called. • Fight the fire with the onboard fire extinguisher or the onboard fire suppression system (if it exists).

Appropriate personnel will respond to the fire with fire extinguishers if is safe to do so. 4.7.4.2 Hot Loads Customer loads can contain smoldering, burning, or reactive materials that can cause fires in the transfer station. Some examples are acids, barbeque ash, cement products, fireplace ash, fireworks, fuels, lye, quicklime, pool chemicals, solvents (especially acetone, alcohols, ethers, ketones, turpentine, and xylene), and vehicle batteries.



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Customer vehicles containing burning materials will be directed to an open area near an outdoor wash-down hose where personnel will safely extinguish the fire. The first person to the fire will determine if the fire department needs to be called. If so the site supervisor will be called on the radio and will contact the fire department. If personnel decide to respond to the hot load, fire extinguishers or water (if compatible with the burning material) will be used to saturate the load until it is confirmed that no fire remains in the container. Portable liquid containment dams and catch basin covers are to be deployed in/around the area where the hot load is directed (response supplies are maintained at the Facility). Water or extinguisher chemical resulting from the procedure will be cleaned up using absorbents and disposed of properly. The extinguished vehicle loads will be moved back into the transfer building where the load can safely be discharged and the contents spread out to allow for confirmation that all burning material has been extinguished. 4.7.4.3 Post Fire Procedures After a fire, all equipment used will be cleaned, repaired, recharged, or replaced so that it is fit for use. An inspection of safety equipment will be conducted before operations are resumed. Following a fire, an incident investigation (by fire professionals) will be completed and a report (including an action plan) will be filed with Clallam County, Ecology, and other regulators as required. 4.7.5 Motor Vehicle Accidents The transfer station is operated in a manner to minimize motor vehicle accidents. Self-haul, commercial, and transfer trailers are separated as much as practicable. Spotters are used to direct vehicles, and road markings and signs provide additional traffic control. Should a motor vehicle accident occur, site operating staff will attend to any first aid needs of the vehicle occupants. If necessary, 911 assistance will be established. 4.7.6 Personal Injury Accidents Signs posted around the transfer station warn the public of personal hazards associated with the facility and its operation. Such hazards might include the following:

• Vehicle and equipment hazards • Falling or tripping hazards • Eye injuries due to flying waste projectiles • Cuts and abrasions • Strains from improper lifting

To minimize personal injury accidents involving the public, scavenging, and wandering around the facility is prohibited. If public tipping is performed at the transfer station, whenever possible it is conducted at ground level on the receiving floor apron to protect against falling hazards. A complete first aid kit is kept on the site and accessible during hours of operation, and all transfer station employees are trained in first aid. An emergency eyewash is kept ready and accessible during hours of operation. 4.7.7 Medical Emergency In the event of a medical emergency the following procedures will be implemented:

• The first person on scene will assess the situation. • If appropriate, call 911. Indicate that this is a medical emergency. • Administer first aid at the scene, as needed. • Notify the site supervisor.



24 December 2020


• Shut down operations in the immediate area. • Ensure clear access for emergency responders. • Resume normal operations when the situation has cleared. • Employees involved in accidents will complete an accident report form that will be reviewed by the

appropriate personnel. 4.7.8 Radioactive Materials Radioactive materials are regulated by the Washington State Department of Health which issues licenses and enforces management protocols. Radioactive materials that require a license are not accepted for disposal by the Thurston County Transfer Station. On the other hand, many products are exempt from regulation because their radioactive emissions are close to the natural background. Some examples are clocks, glazed ceramic tableware, incandescent gas mantles (Coleman gas lantern), lamps, marine compasses, optical lenses, smoke detectors, vacuum tubes, watches, and welding rods. Other materials have higher radiation emissions but not high enough to warrant special handling. Some examples are aircraft instrumentation (compasses and gyroscopes), laboratory instruments, military hardware, specialty heating elements, thorium alloys, etc. These items often end up in recycling bins. Metals recyclers frequently reject them and they are returned to the transfer station. These low-level radioactive materials are accumulated at a secure location in the County HHW Facility. When 5 gallons or more are available a radiation consultant (example: Northwest Radiation Services, Seattle, Washington) is contracted to provide a radionuclide identification evaluation. The evaluation is used to support a special waste permit for transportation and segregated placement at an approved disposal facility. 4.7.9 Asbestos Emergency Procedure Asbestos is accepted at the transfer station in accordance with the procedures outlined in section 4.4.8. However, if a solid waste load containing Friable Asbestos Containing Materials (FACM) or Non-friable Asbestos Containing Materials (NFACM) that becomes damaged enough to form FACM is improperly delivered to the transfer station, the spill area will be cordoned off to avoid public or employee contact. A response contractor will be engaged to clean up the spill. If a load suspected of containing asbestos is deposited on the transfer station floor, the material will be isolated, taking care not to disturb or degrade the material through excessive mechanical handling. The material will be wetted with water to control emissions then loaded directly into a trailer as soon as possible. The suspected material will be covered immediately with solid waste. Prior to shipping the load, the landfill will be notified of the transfer trailer containing suspected ACM. 4.8 Waste Acceptance Program Acceptable and unacceptable waste shall adhere to the language and definitions set forth in the Transfer Station Development and Service Agreement between Thurston County, Allied Waste Industries, and Harold LeMay Enterprises. The transfer station can accept only residential, commercial, industrial, and demolition waste. Most wastes entering the transfer station consist of household garbage, commercially generated waste, yard waste, and street sweepings. Recycling programs are already in place throughout most of Thurston County, which reduces the quantity of steel and aluminum cans, newspapers, mixed paper, cardboard, and high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and glass containers from residential sources. The following wastes are accepted at the facility:

• Mixed municipal solid waste (MSW) • Construction, demolition, and land clearing (C&D) waste • Disinfected wastewater treatment plant grit and screenings • Tires • Dead animals (nonagricultural)



25 December 2020


• Non-infection medical waste • Yard waste • Asbestos containing materials • White goods/appliances

The following wastes are not accepted at the facility:

• Material defined under the federal or state law as "Hazardous Waste" • Material defined under state law as "Dangerous Waste" • Infectious waste • Contaminated soils • Dredge spoils • Septic tank (pumpings and sludges) • Automobile hulks • Electronic waste

Transfer station personnel are trained to anticipate unacceptable materials that may arrive on the site. Any vehicle carrying prohibited materials or producing a hazardous waste manifest will be denied admission to the station and referred to the Department of Ecology Waste Reduction and Recycling Information hotline at I-800-RECYCLE (732-9252). If a discharged load contains unacceptable wastes, the hauler must return to the facility, reload, and remove the waste. The station operators will also notify and consult with a hazardous waste specialist and avoid contact with the waste. 4.8.1 Waste Screening Procedures To help ensure that prohibited wastes are eliminated from the waste stream, the following waste screening steps are observed:

• Harold LeMay Enterprises will inform haulers and generators of prohibited wastes and their options for disposal.

• Scale attendants perform limited screening of waste loads upon arriving at the scales. Scale attendants are trained to recognize and report illegal disposal of unacceptable waste. Loads are visually inspected, if possible, and customers are asked about load contents and source. The attendant may use a mirror to verify the contents of open-topped vehicles.

• Operations personnel examine the discharged load. They look for containers with warning labels, sealed drums, leaking containers, wastes with strong and unusual odors, sludge, and burning or smoldering wastes. They are instructed to follow the safety procedures of this plan prior to closely inspecting any suspicious wastes.

• Special waste items that require unloading assistance (e.g., boats, RVs, etc.) will include a handling and/or special waste fee.

• The site supervisor will respond to staff reports of suspected improper disposal as appropriate, such as isolating the waste, conducting further investigation, and notifying regulatory agencies.

Waste streams or special wastes which are questionable as hazardous or dangerous waste must undergo the County’s waste screening and disposal process. See Appendix D, “Unacceptable Waste Exclusion Plan,” for further information on how to prevent, detect, and remove unacceptable waste entering the site. Special waste must be permitted using the Special Waste Profile form provided by Republic Services and included as Appendix E.



26 December 2020


4.8.2 Random Load Inspections Periodically, transfer station personnel may audit selected loads for hazardous and other unacceptable items. Waste audits are typically carried out during periods of light usage to minimize delays in waste processing. Inspection frequency may vary based on the source of the waste and the schedule developed by the environmental specialist. Inspections are typically performed once per week. Random inspections may occur on a more frequent basis if deemed necessary. Special attention is given to haulers with unknown service areas, unfamiliar vehicles, or previous would-be offenders. Inspections start with questioning the hauler regarding the source and composition of the waste. Actual inspection of the load occurs before disposal of the waste on the tipping floor. The waste is spread across an area on the receiving floor apron, away from tipping activities, so that the inspected waste does not become intermixed with waste on the receiving floor. The waste is spread for observation by using a front-end loader or other piece of equipment. County employees operate rural county drop box sites; full drop boxes are hauled to Thurston County Transfer Station for processing. County employees are responsible for waste screening including observing waste in customer vehicles before and during the unloading process and performing random load inspections. If suspicious (or known regulated) wastes are noted, the following procedure will be followed:

• Question the driver.

• Review the manifest (if applicable).

• Contact the possible source.

• If a discharged waste appears to be unacceptable, the hauler must reload and remove the waste from the facility for proper disposal, unless the hauler can demonstrate that the waste is acceptable, or if it is not safe to reload the waste.

• If the hauler cannot reload and remove the waste, contact a qualified waste testing organization to characterize the waste and arrange for its disposal.

• Fill out a written notification form and send copies to the Thurston County Public Health and Social Services Department and the Washington State Department of Ecology.

Containers with contents that are not easily identifiable, such as unmarked 55-gallon drums, will be segregated from the general refuse and opened only by properly trained personnel. These types of containers must be opened prior to transport to the Roosevelt Regional Landfill, since large, closed containers such as 55-gallon drums are not accepted. Whenever possible, these containers must be empty and either crushed or cut in half. Wastes received at the facility in 55-gallon drums will be refused whenever possible. If the drummed waste is verified to be acceptable through laboratory analyses or generator knowledge, and is acceptable at the Roosevelt Regional Landfill, it may be unloaded on the tipping floor. 4.8.3 Recordkeeping of Inspections A record of each inspection performed is kept. The records are included and maintained as part of the facilities operating record. Records include the following:

• The date and time wastes were received for inspection • The source of the wastes • Vehicle and driver identification • All observations made by the inspector



27 December 2020


A copy of each inspection report shall be forwarded to the Thurston County Public Health and Social Services Department upon request. 4.8.4 Notification Requirements If hazardous or polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) wastes are identified, they will be refused and reloaded (if safe to do so) by the hauler onto the vehicle which originally transported them. A qualified waste testing organization will be contacted to characterize the waste and arrange for its disposal. Additionally, a written Hazardous Waste Screening and Disposal Form (see Appendix D) will be completed. 4.8.5 Prohibited Activities

• Burning of solid waste is prohibited at the transfer station.

• Operators and customers are allowed to smoke only in designated smoking areas, away from active operations. Haulers are not allowed to smoke on the site.

• Scavenging and salvaging is not allowed. 4.9 Spill Control Plan A spill control program is instituted as an integral part of the waste acceptance program. The spill control plan includes training operating personnel to be alert for the presence of containers or loads that may contain prohibited materials. Containers holding quantities of liquid are not accepted, and the material will be managed and returned to the deliverer using a protocol similar to that for managing hazardous materials. In the event of a spill, the following procedures will be followed:

• Spill cleanup shall begin immediately following release of a hazardous substance.

• Stop incoming traffic to the area and clear an access route for emergency vehicles, if necessary.

• No emulsifier or dispersant (such as soaps) shall be used.

• Absorbent material shall not be washed down the drain or into the storm sewer.

• Material shall be collected and contained in the provided designated containers.

• Is the amount spilled a reportable quantity? If so, management will report the spill to the appropriate agencies.

• Determine the cause of the spill and take necessary measures to prevent future occurrences. Limited spill response supplies are maintained at the site, and operating personnel are trained in their use. Spill control equipment maintained at the facility includes the following:

• Two pair of chemical-resistant safety work gloves • Two fog-free goggles • Absorbent pads and/or loose absorbent material capable of absorbing 15 gallons of oil • Absorbent boom, a minimum of 10 feet in length with a 12-gallon absorbent capacity • Storm drain plug or cover kit • 6-mil plastic bags • Nonmetallic shovel

Spills of known or suspected hazardous materials will be isolated, if possible, from other wastes. If necessary, 911 assistance will be established.



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FACILITY INSPECTION, RECORDKEEPING, AND REPORTING 5.1 Inspection Site inspections will be conducted regularly to maintain the facility in good operating order and to identify items needing maintenance. Weekly inspection forms will be filed in a log for review by the Thurston County Public Health and Social Services Department in the operations office. The log will be kept at the facility for at least five years from the date of inspection and will contain the following:

• Date and time of inspection • Printed name and written signature of the inspector • Observation • Date and nature of any repairs or corrective actions needed

Examples of the transfer station inspection forms are contained in Appendix C. Additional site inspections will be performed by Thurston County as part of the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan and the Drainage and Erosion Control Maintenance Plan for storm drainage facilities. 5.2 Recordkeeping Records are maintained separately by the County and Harold LeMay Enterprises. 5.2.1 County Recordkeeping An operations record will be produced and retained at the site by the Thurston County Public Works Department which contains the following information. Records are retained for a minimum of five years. All vehicles delivering waste to the facility will be weighed and recorded. Numbers and types of vehicles will also be recorded. Information will be entered on spreadsheets quarterly. The spreadsheets will be stored electronically at the Operations Office.

• Daily and year-to-date total record of tons of MSW delivered to the site.

• Daily and year-to-date record of the weight and manifest number of the transfer trailers leaving the site delivering full loads of solid waste to the final disposal site.

• Daily and year-to-date record of recyclable materials delivered to the site.

• Monthly and year-to-date record of the net weight for each type of recyclable material delivered to processors from the site.

5.2.2 Contractor Recordkeeping An operations record will be produced and retained at the site by Harold LeMay Enterprises which contains the following information. Records are retained for a minimum of five years. Important deviations from this operational plan shall be noted in the records.

• Weekly inspection reports. • Unacceptable or hazardous waste log. • Records of routine inspection of safety and environmental control systems. • Safety meeting minutes. • Records of the employee safety program. • Records of injuries, accidents, and mishaps. • Records of customer complaints. • Any further documentation required by the Thurston County Public Health and Social Services

Department and the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology).



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5.3 Reporting 5.3.1 Annual Report An annual report will be prepared and submitted to the Thurston County Public Health and Social Services Department and Ecology in accordance with WAC 173-350-310(6)(d). The report will be completed using forms supplied by Ecology and will detail the facility’s activities during the previous calendar year. At a minimum, the following information must be included in the annual report:

• Name and address of the facility • Calendar year covered by the report • Annual weight of each type of solid waste handled (in tons) • Annual weight of each type of recyclable material handled (in tons) • Destination of waste transported from the facility for processing or disposal • Any additional information required by Thurston County Public Health and Social Services

Department or the facility’s solid waste permit The annual report for each year will be provided to Thurston County and Ecology no later than April 1st of the following year. 5.3.2 Monthly Utility Consumption Monthly utility consumption is recorded and records are maintained at the site. Records include electricity, water, sanitary sewerage, and fuel.



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EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE SCHEDULES AND PROCEDURES 6.1 Equipment Major mechanical equipment used by the transfer station facility that may require maintenance includes the following:

• Compactor unit • Excavators (solid waste and yard waste) • Front-end loader (yard waste) • Grinder (wood waste) • Forklift • Refuse containers and trailers • Yard tractors • Water truck • Pick-up trucks • Man-lift • Ventilation fan units • Trailer scales • Pick-line conveyors (out of service) • Wastewater pumping stations

All equipment is maintained in accordance with the manufacturers' recommendations. All major equipment systems (compacting systems, excavators, scales, loaders, etc.) are designed with 100 percent backup capability to allow the station to continue operating should a particular piece of equipment fail. Minor equipment maintenance activities are performed at the transfer station. A small container with maintenance fluids, parts, and equipment is stored outside, south of the transfer station building. Vehicle or major mobile equipment maintenance will be performed at a nearby maintenance facility owned and operated by Harold LeMay Enterprises. Records of service, maintenance, and repair will be kept to develop data for planning purposes as well as to predict major overhaul needs. Spare parts for all major equipment are maintained, and trained mechanics will perform all equipment service, maintenance, and repairs. 6.2 Facilities Other facilities requiring periodic maintenance include stormwater collection systems, wastewater pretreatment structures and domestic sewage systems. They are maintained as required to ensure continued operation at design capacities. Clean-out access is provided in all utility systems to facilitate cleaning and unplugging of any pipe build-up or obstruction. Preventive maintenance activities, including best management practices, are an ongoing activity. Cleanliness of the tipping floor and parking area is stressed as an important health and safety measure and for control of rodent and odor problems. Daily inspection of all equipment is employed to reduce the possibility of a major breakdown. 6.2.1 Stormwater Control Systems Catch basins and drainage ditches are inspected regularly and kept clean and free of any obstructions. The County inspects and maintains the site stormwater management system.



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6.2.2 Wastewater System The collection system is inspected regularly with the inspection program, and the pretreatment separator pumped out on an as-needed basis. The County inspects and maintains the site wastewater management system. 6.2.3 Tipping and Receiving Floors The tipping and receiving floors, described in section 3.4.3, are to be kept clean using sweeping, blotting up of wet material with dry wastes, and wash-down if appropriate. Waste is allowed to remain on the tipping floor overnight under normal operating circumstances. Integrity of the tipping and receiving floor is inspected regularly. Small cracks in the floors will be repaired as soon as possible following their discovery; larger damage will be assessed and scheduled for repair if feasible. 6.2.4 Loading Floor The loading floor, described in section 3.4.4, is cleaned and emptied of all waste at the end of operations each day. 6.2.5 Container Parking Open-top containers full of waste are immediately covered after loading and are not parked on the site longer than 24 hours after they are loaded. The container parking area is inspected each day (or more frequently if warranted) and cleaned of litter.



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FACILITY CLOSURE PROCEDURES Unlike a landfill, the transfer station does not have a finite capacity with limited disposal life. Operational activities proceed much like an industrial facility which may be refurbished, upgraded or expanded to meet future solid waste handling needs and regulations. Therefore, final closure of the transfer station can only be described in general terms. The final disposition of the site facilities depends on plans for future use within the areas of Thurston County and the City of Lacey, Washington. In consideration of this, the following presents a general closure scenario for the transfer station.

• The Thurston County Public Health and Social Services Department would be notified at least 180 days prior to closure.

• A detailed closure plan would be submitted to the Thurston County Public Health and Social Services Department for approval.

• All waste and recyclable materials will be removed from the facility for normal off-site processing or disposal.

• The transfer building, outdoor public transfer area, household hazardous waste building, and recycle areas will be swept and cleaned.

• Debris will be removed from Facility drains, sumps, and catch basins.

• Litter around the Facility will be picked up and removed.

• Equipment, machinery, and supplies would be removed and salvaged.

• Building and perimeter gates will be locked.

• Aboveground buildings, structures, stationary equipment, and utilities may be dismantled and salvaged, recycled, or demolished depending on the expected future use of the property.

• Underground site utilities would be abandoned, removed, or capped in place.

• Asphalt-paved surfaces would be stripped and recycled.

• Any ground exposed as part of closure activities would be graded to blend with surrounding topography, a topsoil mixture would be applied, and the finished surface would be seeded.

• A closure report describing the work performed would be prepared and submitted to the Thurston County Public Health and Social Services Department.

A closure plan would minimize the need for further maintenance and eliminate threats to human health or the environment presented by the transfer station, and will conform with the requirements in WAC 173-350-310(8).

Appendix A Figures

Figure 1. Vicinity Map Figure 2. Overall Site Map

Figure 3. Transfer Station Site Map

SOURCE: USGS LACEY WA QUADRANGLE 1981,PHOTO REVISED 1994.

SCALE: 1" = 2,000'

0' 1000' 2000' 4000'

PROJECT LOCATION

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COMMERCIAL YARD WASTETIPPING AREA

SEMI-TRAILER LOADING

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Appendix B Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 173-350-310

Intermediate Solid Waste Handling Facilities

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Appendix C Facility Inspection Forms

Appendix D Unacceptable Waste Exclusion Plan & Hazardous Waste Log


2420 Hogum Bay Road NE Lacey, WA 98516

D-1 December 2020

PBS Project No. 17664.002

UNACCEPTABLE WASTE EXCLUSION PLAN

Unacceptable waste may be defined as the following:

• Waste containing bulk or non-containerized liquids. • Unauthorized special waste (no permit issued and no notification of delivery). • Septic tank and cesspool liquids. • Waste regulated as hazardous according to 40 CFR 261. • Waste regulated as dangerous according to WAC 173-303. • Waste regulated as radioactive. • Infectious or medical waste. (except properly contained sharps at the HHW facility)

Some examples of unacceptable wastes at the Transfer Station:

• Cleaning Chemicals – Ammonia, Bleach, Phosphoric Acid, etc. • Corrosives – Acids (hydrochloric, hydrofluoric, muriatic, nitric, phosphoric, sulfuric, etc.),

Caustics (caustic soda, lime, lye, quicklime, etc.). • Explosive Materials – Ammunition, Blasting Caps, Dynamite, Fireworks, etc. • Fuels – Gasoline, Diesel, Propane Tanks, etc. • Lab Chemicals – Commercial Labs, Drug Labs, School Labs, etc. • Lubricants – Hydraulic Oil, Motor Oil, Silicon Oil, etc. • Paints & Paint Strippers • Pesticides – Algaecides, Herbicides, Fungicides, Insecticides, Poisons, etc. • Pool Chemicals • Solvents – Acetone, Methanol, Methylene Chloride, Naphtha, Perchloroethylene (dry cleaning

solvent) Turpentine, Xylene, etc. • Vehicle Batteries • Lithium-ion Batteries

D.1 PURPOSE The purpose of the Unacceptable Waste Exclusion Plan is threefold: 1) to prevent unacceptable waste from entering the MSW stream, 2) to detect unacceptable waste that has entered the MSW stream, and 3) to safely manage unacceptable waste that has been removed from the MSW stream.

D.2 PREVENTION The most effective way to eliminate unacceptable waste from the waste stream is to prevent its initial entry. Unacceptable waste disposal is prohibited at the transfer station and will be directly routed to an appropriate disposal location. If on-site personnel identify unacceptable waste prior to it entering the facility, the load will be rejected. The generator will be provided with information regarding an appropriate disposal location or put in contact with Thurston County Health and Social Services Department to assist with the proper disposal of the unacceptable waste.

D.3 DETECTION Once an unacceptable waste has entered the MSW stream, it is imperative that the waste be detected and removed as soon as possible. Early detection and removal is essential to protect employees, the public, and the environment. Early detection also increases the likelihood of identifying the waste generator.



D-2 December 2020


Detection of unacceptable waste will be performed as possible by the Solid Waste Technicians, Equipment Operators, Scale Attendants, and other facility personnel who have the opportunity to view the waste stream. As waste is loaded into the transfer trailer, Solid Waste Technicians or Equipment Operators will inspect waste material for unacceptable waste. If a load appears to contain unacceptable waste (gas/vapor cloud, strong odor, unusual color, large empty containers, etc.), the Site Supervisor will be contacted for handling instructions. Further assistance may be obtained by contacting the regional environmental staff.

D.3.1 Personnel Training Transfer station personnel will receive annual training for the recognition of unacceptable waste. As these personnel perform their daily tasks, they will watch for unacceptable waste and notify the Site Supervisor if they suspect a waste is unacceptable. Training will include detection, recognition, identification, and handling of unacceptable waste. The training will also include use of protective clothing and equipment.

D.4 MANAGEMENT Suspected unacceptable waste will be isolated from refuse immediately upon discovery and an attempt will be made to identify the generator. After all of the suspect material has been removed, the remaining material will be disposed as regular trash. Suspected unacceptable waste will be segregated until proper disposal is arranged to prevent co-mingling with the rest of the waste stream. If the suspected waste is later determined to be acceptable, it will be disposed as regular trash.

D.4.1 Storage A designated storage area will isolate suspected hazardous waste and protect it from weather and temperature extremes. Suspected hazardous waste will be temporarily stored at the HHW Facility. Suspected hazardous waste will be removed from the site as soon as possible, after it is identified. Any suspected hazardous waste will be delivered to an approved disposal facility.

D.4.2 Safety Equipment The following safety equipment is readily available for use by site personnel if unacceptable waste is observed:

Equipment List

• Personal Protective Equipment o Hardhat o Eye protection o Nitrile gloves o Disposable booties o Duct tape o Steel-toed boots o Tyvek (or similar) disposable coveralls o Reflective vest o Filtering Face Piece (Dust)



D-3 December 2020


• Safety Equipment o Fire extinguisher o First aid kit o Cones or barricade tape o Portable radio

• Storage Materials

o Overpack drums o Hazardous waste labels o Labels o Absorbent o Permanent marker

D.4.3 Handling Before being allowed to handle any suspected hazardous material, personnel will be trained in hazardous material recognition and the proper use of protective clothing and protective gear.

Before handling a suspected hazardous material, personnel will don protective gear including eye protection, a hard hat, nitrile gloves, and safety boots. Additional protective gear may be appropriate such as disposable coveralls, disposable booties, alternative gloves, and filtering face pieces or respirators. Divert the public and unprotected employees from the immediate area.

If explosive or radioactive materials are suspected, the area will be immediately cordoned off and the Site Supervisor will be notified.

If the suspected material appears to be reactive (gas cloud, fire, fumes, smoke, etc.), the first employee on scene will call 911, the Site Supervisor will be notified, incoming traffic will be diverted, and the area will be cordoned off. Transfer station personnel will not enter the cordoned off area until emergency responders certify that the area is safe.

If the suspected material is uncontained or the container is compromised, the material will be transferred to a suitable container or overpack. Under no circumstances will materials be randomly mixed or consolidated.

Containerized materials of suspected hazardous waste will be immediately transported to a designated storage area. All materials will be handled in a cautious manner and special care will be taken to not agitate or shake liquid materials. Incompatible wastes should be separated and placed into separate storage areas while awaiting disposal.

Materials identified as, or suspected to be, peroxides or ethers will be transported separately to the storage area. Extreme caution will be taken to prevent agitation or shaking these materials.

Once the suspected hazardous waste is stored, the Site Supervisor will notify the Thurston County Health and Social Services Department. If the suspected waste is determined to be hazardous, the Site Supervisor will arrange for disposal, and the waste will be transported to an appropriate location/storage site for proper disposal.



D-4 December 2020


D.5 RECORDKEEPING When an unacceptable waste is isolated from the waste stream an Unacceptable or Hazardous Waste Log will be completed. The Unacceptable Waste Log will contain the following information:

• The truck number, vehicle license plate • The date the waste was discovered • A description of the waste including volume and anything written on the container • The generator, if known • The date the waste was transported to an appropriate disposal facility

A copy of the unacceptable waste log will be filed at the transfer station.



D-5 December 2020


UNACCEPTABLE OR HAZARDOUS WASTE LOG

Item Number: Date Discovered:

Description:

Generator (if known):

Waste was determined to be: ( ) Hazardous ( ) Non-Hazardous

Date Determined:

Date Transported to Landfill:


Description:



Date Determined:



Description:



Date Determined:


Appendix E Special Waste Profile, Republic Services

Appendix F SEPA Environmental Checklist