Operation Protective edge in Numbers Information Gathering This report presents statistical analysis of the primary data collected from the field through a joint documentation campaign

“Operation Protective edge in Numbers”

A Statistical Report on Civilian Casualties and Destruction of Property by the Israeli Occupation Forces between 7 July and 26

August 2014"

2015

Introduction

Following the disappearance of three Israeli teenage settlers in Hebron, the Israeli occupation

forces intensified the practices of oppression and attack in the occupied Palestinian territory

(oPt). The Israeli forces launched the military campaign in Hebron and the surrounding villages

and proceeded to expand it to the majority of the West Bank cities and villages. The campaign

involved movement restrictions and thousands of house raids, and caused significant material

damage. The Israeli forces and authorities arrested hundreds of Palestinians, including members

of the Palestinian Legislative Council and former ministers, and re-arrested more than fifty

former prisoners who had been released in the prisoner swap in 2011.

The abduction and burning alive of 17-year-old Mohamed Abu Khudeir from Jerusalem’s suburb

of Shuafat by Israeli settlers on 2 July 2014 sparked a widespread wave of protests and violence.

This incident came after an aggressive campaign of open incitement by the Israeli political

leadership against Palestinians. The Israeli government also failed to prevent or punish settler

violence, encouraging Israeli settlers, who live in illegal settlements in the occupied West Bank,

to deliberately target Palestinians and to destroy their property. In the wake of the killing of Abu

Khudeir, Palestinians took to the streets, and the initially peaceful demonstrations quickly turned

into clashes, that quickly spread all over the oPt as well as among Palestinian citizens of Israel.

The Israeli forces also intensified attacks on Gaza by carrying out regular, multiple air strikes.

At approximately 11:10 pm on Sunday, 6 July 2014, Israeli warplanes launched an air raid

targeting a group of Palestinian resistance fighters in southwest Gaza City. The same evening,

Israeli warplanes raided Al Bureij refugee camp in central Gaza, killing two residents of the

camp affiliated with the Al-Quds Brigades, the armed wing of the Islamic Jihad movement, and

moderately injuring another.

On the same evening, Israeli forces destroyed a tunnel in the vicinity of Gaza International

Airport in Gaza’s southern city of Rafah, killing five members of Al Qassam Brigades, the

armed wing of the Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas). Their bodies were recovered one day

later. On Monday, 7 July 2014, at approximately 1:30 am, the Israeli occupation forces bombed a

site belonging to the Public Resistance Committees (PRC) in Rafah, killing a member of its

armed wing, the Al Nasser Salah Al-Din Brigades. In response to repeated Israeli attacks,

Palestinian armed resistance groups launched a series of rockets towards Israel, particularly in

the vicinity of the Gaza Strip.

On 8 July 2014, the Israeli government announced that it would step up the military attacks into

a full-scale operation that it had codenamed “Operation Protective Edge” (OPE). During this

operation, the Israeli forces launched a military offensive on the Gaza Strip so far unprecedented

in scale, in which, in addition to different types of warplanes used, both the ground and naval

forces took part. During this operation, the Israeli forces and authorities carried out mass killing

and destruction, including the deliberate targeting of civilians that killed hundreds in their

homes. The widespread destruction targeted vital civilian and public property and infrastructure.

Up until a ceasefire agreement on Tuesday, 26 August 2014, Israeli forces also targeted medical

facilities, hospitals, and ambulance vehicles in blatant violation of international law.

This latest Israeli aggression is vastly reminiscent of the Operation Cast Lead (OCL), when on

Saturday, 27 December 2008, the Israeli government launched a comprehensive attack on the

Gaza Strip targeting civilian police stations and government buildings and killing around 320

Palestinians within the first few minutes of the attack. The operation lasted for 22 days. OPE is

also reminiscent of the Operation Pillar of Defense (OPD) that started with the assassination of

Ahmed Al Ja’abari, the Commander of Al Qassam Brigades, on Wednesday, 14 November 2012,

and lasted for eight days.

It should be emphasized that Israel is an Occupying Power, and that the Palestinian territory, i.e.

the West Bank (including East Jerusalem) and the Gaza Strip, is occupied territory. The

widespread Israeli military attacks covered in this report, occurred in the context of an eight-year

closure/blockade of the Gaza Strip imposed by Israel in June 2007, expanded in October 2000 at

the start of the Second Intifada, and rooted in movement restrictions imposed in 1993.

The siege constitutes collective punishment of the Gaza population, affects a wide range of

human rights, and is in violation of international human rights law and humanitarian law, which

prohibit collective punishment. The closure/blockade has also caused the deterioration of basic

services, particularly healthcare, whereby chronic lack of medicines, medical equipment and

disposables significantly exacerbates the capability of hospitals and medical staff to deliver

necessary basic healthcare. The health sector was near collapse during the last military operation

in the Gaza Strip.

This report presents statistical data on the impacts of the Israeli occupation forces’ attacks on the

Gaza Strip during OPE. It is based on information gathered carefully from the field by four

Palestinian human rights organizations who joined forces to conduct field research on the 51-day

military offensive. This report provides information about the victims and the material loss

caused to civilian objects, particularly houses, residential buildings and civilian infrastructure,

including educational, health, industrial, and commercial facilities such as agricultural machinery

and land. This report aims to present figures and facts pertinent to the widespread, unprecedented

Israeli military offensive, during which civilians and their properties represented the main targets

of Israeli forces’ attacks.

Methodology: Information Gathering This report presents statistical analysis of the primary data collected from the field through a

joint documentation campaign conducted by four human rights organizations: Al-Haq, the

Palestinian Center for Human Rights, Al Dameer Association for Human Rights, and Al Mezan

Center for Human Rights. The four organizations have a long experience in monitoring and

documenting human rights and IHL violations. They also have a history of cooperation with

international organizations and UN investigative bodies. The organizations have experienced

teams with track records in monitoring and documentation that is accepted as evidence in courts

of law. The methodology used by the four organizations to implement a joint documentation

campaign, and to gather the information carefully and professionally can be summarized in the

following points.

Field and legal staff members of the four organizations worked around the clock beginning at

the start of the Israeli attacks. They visited the attacked areas and verified shrapnel and

fragments of the munitions used in attacks in accessible areas. They met victims and

witnesses to gather information from them. They also met victims and their companions at

ambulances when they arrived at hospitals in order to gather firsthand information about the

attacks that hurt them. They checked people who were killed or injured at hospitals. The four

organizations recruited trained volunteers to monitor the arrival of killed and injured people

at hospitals throughout the Gaza Strip. They exchanged information about the referrals for

critical injuries to hospitals within the same district of the hospital where they were first

admitted or to hospitals in other districts in the Gaza Strip in order to avoid duplication in

counting injuries and/or fatalities.

In the last three weeks of the Israeli military campaign on Gaza, the four organizations

started to coordinate their work in order to achieve the maximum attainable results. On

Thursday, 7 August 2014, a meeting was held for field workers where information gathering

tools, such as unified questionnaire forms and computerized databases for archiving data,

were agreed upon. An action plan was also put forward to implement a joint, full monitoring

and documentation campaign. They agreed to use Al Mezan’s questionnaire forms as they

are comprehensive and include all of the data being gathered by the other organizations. The

four organizations also agreed on a field plan for the field work to be divided according to

geographic areas. Field supervisors were assigned and they administered the distribution of

tasks among the fieldworkers, thereby preventing the overlap of work and avoiding repetition

of documented cases.

In addition to gathering data for the database and for reporting purposes, hundreds of key

incidents were identified in order for field workers to contribute to detailed investigations in

cooperation with lawyers who prepared case-files for the cases. Affidavits and testimonies

were taken from victims and witnesses and cross-checked. Field workers helped find

shrapnel and fragments to pass to Police Explosives Unit for expert reports about the type

and origin of the weapons. This measure was taken after the four organizations failed to

secure the entry of military experts into the Gaza Strip; experts on whom the organizations

had relied in the past to give expert opinion that helped in the field investigations. The Police

Explosives Unit provided reports about the type and origin of the weapons used in various

attacks.

The field workers sought to identify the locations of attacks that led to fatalities or house

destruction by using GPS devices to register the precise locations of the attacks. The

campaign assigned a group of trained and experienced field workers and lawyers in each

district to collect affidavits, testimonies and other evidence. The effort to investigate and

document these key incidents is complementary to the data gathering for the database, yet it

is unique because it enables legal intervention into cases that require further detail and

scrutiny.

The field workers verified and cross-checked the information in affidavits and testimonies

taken from victims and witnesses in order to make sure that all of the information is accurate

and coherent. At the same time, information given by victims and witnesses was verified

through other documents such as medical reports, munitions reports, death and birth

certificates, and proof of ownership of property.

Shortly before the end of the Israeli military operation, the four organizations recruited more

field workers in addition to their 15 experienced field workers.

Later, they recruited 85 temporary field workers and trained them to assist with collecting

information from the field. The new field workers participated in a training course that

started on Friday, 15 August 2014. The training focused on the use of the questionnaire

forms adopted for the gathering of data, the methodology of field work used by the

organizations, the use of tools to gather primary information from the field, and mechanisms

of their work in the field to make a comprehensive survey all over the Gaza Strip.

Furthermore, 14 were selected to carry out the data-entry tasks. They were trained and

worked at Al Mezan for four months to ensure full inputting of the collated field data and its

verification.

The four organizations prepared 50,000 copies of the different questionnaire forms to be used

to collect data about different types of damages and losses, such as killings, home

demolition, demolition of agricultural land, destruction of agricultural goods and property,

destruction of commercial premises, destruction of industrial facilities, destruction of public

infrastructure/objects (including governmental and non-governmental facilities, such as

educational, health…etc.), destruction/damage of vehicles, and detention. Each questionnaire

form consisted of a wide range of questions, of which 95% are closed-ended questions and

the rest are open-ended questions, which aim to gather further data about the victims and the

affected persons’ names, personal remarks, and a narration of the incidents they experienced.

This organization of the questionnaire helped field workers obtain quantitative as well as

qualitative data in a uniform way.

In order to clarify the purpose of some of the questionnaire forms, this explanatory

information about the killings (violation of the right to life) form is for the sake of example.

The right to life questionnaire form aims at documenting situations where people were killed

and to determine whether they were killed deliberately and unlawfully by the Israeli forces or

killed during combat action. It’s also used to collect information, such as the victims’

personal data and their socio-economic background, including their refugee status,

employment status, marital status, their educational background, the number of family

members, including children, and whether the victims were breadwinners or contributing to

the family income.

This form informs about the incident itself, such as its location, timing, the party that

committed it, the weapons used, the circumstances in which it occurred, the direction of the

attack, which part of the body was hurt or wounded, the reason the victim was in the location

of the attack, whether death occurred instantly or after some time, whether the injured

received immediate medical aid or not, and whether there were other victims in the same

incident or not.

The form also collects data about the person who gives the information, the field worker who

gathers the information using the form, and the date of the documentation. It is worth noting

that this questionnaire form, and other forms adopted by the four organizations, is based on

the assumption that the forms will be used during a direct, personal, individual interviews

with the victim and/or their relatives or other witnesses. Gathering evidence through

questionnaires is only one of many data gathering tools used in recording statistical data.

Other methods include collecting hard evidence, gathering affidavits and testimonies from

witnesses, and analyzing medical and official reports, etc.

The offices of Al Mezan and the Palestinian Center for Human Rights were two main offices

for providing the required logistical support for the campaign where field researchers met to

hand over the filled-in questionnaire forms, collect further forms, review and assess whether

the required information and data was complete, agree on working schedules and divide the

workload among the team members in different districts in order to prevent overlapping of

data or repetition of documented cases. Logistical support also included preparing different

working tools.

The four organizations agreed that Al Mezan’s office in Gaza City would be the headquarters

from which the joint campaign would be led. From that office, questionnaire forms were

collected from all of the districts for final verification and data-entry, and the database was

managed. This helped ensure that the data was not divided or kept in various locations so as

to avoid any duplication going unchecked.

Al Mezan provided ten computers for the campaign. Al Dameer Association provided three

computers, while Al-Haq contributed with one computer and seven UPS devices to maintain

electricity supply during power outages and avoid loss of data. Al-Haq also provided a

switch with 16 ports that were used for the data-entry. Al Mezan provided 6 UPS devices.

Al Mezan’s information systems officer supervised the process of upgrading computers to

increase their efficiency. Electricity and computer networks were installed in Al Mezan’s

training room and all computers were connected to Al Mezan’s main server. Al-Haq also

supplied the campaign with a high performance scanner, used to scan the identification cards

and questionnaire attachments that were to be saved in the database, such as medical reports

and proof of ownership.

Al Mezan’s experienced database officer developed the current database system so that every

user would have access to the system using specific a username and password. He also

developed a log system that monitored the processes carried out by the user, such as entering

the system, modifying entries, and deletion of entries on the database. This made it possible

to conduct direct supervision over the data-entry and detect errors that could be corrected

during data-entry processes. It also simplified supervision of data-entry staff.

The data-entry staff were divided into three groups that were assigned different tasks. The

first group was comprised of 10 members whose task was to insert the information from the

questionnaires into the system and to make sure that all the questions on the questionnaires

were answered. The inserted questionnaires were then delivered to the second group, which

was made up of two persons, to review the inserted data and make sure that it matched the

information written on the paper questionnaire. The verified questionnaires were then sent to

the third group that scanned copies of questionnaire attachments and saved them to be

inserted into the system later. At the end of each day, the database supervisor reviewed each

staff’s data entry record.

The actual field survey operations across the Gaza Strip commenced on Wednesday, 20

August 2014, which as six days before the end of the military attacks. The field survey

operations took advantage of ceasefires and focused on accessible areas. The mission was to

scan the attacked areas, take witness statements from victims and/or witnesses and document

damages inflicted on residential houses, private property, and private and public facilities.

The survey operations were conducted under the supervision of the experienced field workers

of the four organizations who have in-depth experience in their corresponding districts and in

the characteristics of their populations. They led the field work and distributed and

supervised the newly recruited field workers. The field workers verified the collated

questionnaire forms in their districts on a daily basis before sending them to the data entry in

the Gaza City office.

The information gathering was based on filling in previously prepared questionnaires through

interviewing victims and/or their first-degree relatives. Field workers were verifying every

incident and its victims and witnesses. Where relevant and possible, field workers also

interviewed paramedics and civil defense crews to ask them about their initial observations

when they visited attacked places to evacuate fatalities or put out fires. The affiliation of

resistance fighters was verified by interviewing their family members, neighbors and friends,

and sometimes by asking political activists and persons who might be affiliated with armed

groups and who live in the same area as the deceased. The field workers also verified

whether or not there were any clashes with the Israeli forces or any attacks launched by

Palestinian fighters in the area at the time the individual was killed.

The recording of the information about the victims was based on formal documentation such

as identification cards, birth and death certificates, and medical reports. Regarding damages

of residential houses and other personal properties, victims were asked to provide documents

to prove ownership. For example, ownership documents formed the basis behind

documenting residential houses and personal civil properties. Multi-story houses owned by

one person with no proof of separate ownership or service providers to other residential units

was considered one residential house, with a note to the number of floors and the number of

families living there. After finishing the field research, the completed questionnaires about

the people killed were distributed once again among the experienced field workers who

would verify the information, re-check the facts surrounding the circumstances of the killing

and make another check on the status of the deceased, determining everyone as either a

fighter or a civilian.

Inputted questionnaires were compiled on a daily basis and were put in special files and

submitted to two staff members for review and verification. The two staff members verified

the information in the questionnaires against that in the database. If any mistake was found, a

note would be written on the paper questionnaire forms, which were then returned to the field

workers for correction, before being returned again to the data entry team for correction in

the database. Afterwards, the questionnaire forms would be archived. The data entry process

involved thorough verification of all questionnaires where any incomplete questionnaires or

mistakes were returned to be filled or corrected, and then inserted into the database.

The four human rights organizations carried out comprehensive online research, including

analyzing websites of Palestinian armed resistance groups in order to verify the status of

hundreds of deceased people and the circumstances of their killing. The organizations added

a large number of people killed under the category of 'resistance fighters/combatants'. While

these individuals were not taking a direct part in hostilities at the time they were targeted,

there was information that they were affiliated with armed resistance groups, had participated

in hostilities or had maintained a regular active membership in a group.

After finishing the verification of the inputted data in the data base, the paper questionnaires

were archived in special boxes according to a system previously prepared by the

administration of the campaign. The cases mentioned in this report hold a very high degree

of verification, with a very low margin of error, as all of the information was thoroughly

verified.

Information was also exchanged with different UN bodies. The field investigations were

expanded in some cases by lawyers and complaints were submitted to the relevant Israeli

bodies requesting criminal investigations into cases where the documentation indicated that

violations of international law were committed and had led to fatalities, injuries, or damages.

The UN Commission of Inquiry into the 2014 Gaza Conflict, which was created by the UN

Human Rights Council, was provided with all of the available information to facilitate its

work and enable it to interview victims and witnesses.

As for the level of the completion of questionnaire forms, the margin of error does not

exceed 2%. The incomplete information is related to minor fields, such as the number of

families who lived off the property or lived in a house or residential building, or the number

of workers in an industrial facility before the attack, not pertaining to main categories. This

does not affect the overall statistics and figures.

General remarks

The documentation campaign has completed the data entry and data verification processes for all

questionnaires; however, the scanning and attaching of paper documents, such as medical

reports, birth certificates, ownership certificates for land and houses, electricity bills, and

available videos accompanying large number of questionnaires, was not fully completed in the

database by the time this report was published in Arabic due to time constraints. This task is

expected to be completed in the next stage.

As explained below, documented houses that contain multiple stories (where extended families

lived) but have just one ownership, one construction license, and a single water and power

supply from the local authorities, are counted as just one house, with several units. This explains

the discrepancy between the high numbers of damaged and destroyed houses reported by other

international and governmental bodies and the figures provided in this report.

It should also be noted that the campaign decided not to document minor damages as these

numbers would surpass tens of thousands of cases. This decision was made due to the lack of

financial resources necessary to ensure that all cases were documented in a timely fashion.

Instead, the campaign focused on documenting destruction or damage to houses and other

premises where the building was completely destroyed or substantially damaged.

List of Definitions

Child: The definition and distinction of a child from other persons is based on the definition of a child

stipulated in the Convention on the Rights of the Child of 1989 (CRC). The CRC considers any

person below the age of 18 a child. Unborn babies are not considered children in this report.

Every person killed before reaching the age of (18), even by one day, was included within the

category of children, both girls and boys.

Female:

The term female considers the gender of the person regardless of her age, i.e. the category of

female includes both adult women and girls. This applies to every use of the term female.

Woman /women:

The term woman/women refers to every female that has reached the age of 18, regardless of her

marital status, i.e. includes both married and single females. The category excludes child

females.

Civilian:

The term civilian refers to a person who has not taken a direct part in hostilities, either through

confrontation with enemy forces, or other activities, such as military training, gathering of

information/intelligence, or providing logistical support to hostilities. This category also includes

persons who are affiliated with the political wings of Palestinian factions and might have

connections with armed groups, however, they did not conduct activities that have to do with

combat action, and there was no information to prove their involvement in any way in supporting

military efforts. Conversely, the same persons are considered combatants if there was no proof

that they had never participated in activities related to hostilities, especially if their factions made

statements that they were members. Therefore, should there be minor mistakes in calculating the

number of combatants, the actual number would be smaller than that presented in this report due

to the counting of dozens of those persons.

Resistance fighter/combatant: 1

This report adopts a definition of 'resistance fighter/combatant' that includes any person killed

who was taking direct part in major or minor hostilities alongside the Palestinian armed

resistance groups, whether in direct combat action with Israeli forces or in any other

circumstances, including passing by when an attack was carried out that was not targeting them.

This category also includes persons killed in assassinations (targeted killings) by Israeli forces as

known affiliates of armed resistance groups who took part in hostilities continuously or

sporadically, even if the assassination occurred geographically far from the hot battlefield or the

individual was not at that moment participating in hostilities. Conversely, this category excludes

1 The coalition of the four human rights NGOs preferred to take a cautious approach in defining the status of

civilian and combatant. As a general rule, the definition used for combatant is broad and inclusive, and allows for the inclusion of persons who might not otherwise be considered combatants. This categorization is without prejudice to other legal principles that under certain circumstances determine as legal attacks in which combatants are killed or wounded.

persons otherwise considered civilian who were killed in assassination attacks and were in the

location of such attacks by coincidence.

It is worth noting that the categorization of dozens of deceased individuals as combatants was

determined after field workers carried out field research and primary research online and found

information and evidence that although the persons were killed in situations where they were not

taking part in hostilities, they would be categorized as combatants due to statements made by

armed resistance groups and letters they left behind confirming their affiliation with armed

groups. Fighters who were killed in what seem to be civilian setting (not in direct combat) are

categorized below as combatants killed in a civilian setting.

Assassination:2

The categorization of assassinated persons is based on Israel’s explicit announcement –

following the planning and the extrajudicial killing – that it targeted that individual specifically.

The assassinations category differs from killings of persons categorized as combatants where the

same planning and method of specific targeting isn’t followed. An attack by drones on persons

Israel suspects of launching an armed attack are categorized as combatants, but outside the

'assassinations' category. Examples of the 'assassinations' category in this report are found in the

attacks that targeted the Commander of the Al Qassam Brigades in Gaza City, as well as the

attack on leaders of Al Qassam Brigades in Rafah, including Mohammed Abu Shamalah and

Ra’ed Mohamed Al Attar.

Presence in Assassination Location:

This category refers to people killed in locations where assassination attacks were carried out

that were targeting other people. They could be people living in the immediate vicinity of the

location of the attack or people passing by, by coincidence. This category also includes persons

who were with the targeted individual(s) at the time of the attack, but were not themselves

targeted. In the event that those accompanying targeted-persons were members of military

groups but are not announced as targets of the attack, they are still classified as resistance

fighters (combatants) who were at an assassination scene, but not as targets of an assassination

attack.

Forcible Displacement: Forcibly displaced people are those who were forced to leave their homes because of fear from

danger caused by bombardment that targeted their houses or houses in the vicinity of their

homes. This category includes people who were killed while trying to escape neighborhoods

under bombardment to safer areas.

Providing Assistance and Rescue:

This category includes persons killed while attempting to aid or rescue, or provide first aid to

others. Non-paramedics are included, such as neighbors or relatives, who were attempting to help

or rescue neighbors or relatives whose houses had been bombarded, when the Israeli forces

launched additional attacks at the same location and killed them.

2 The selection of the term 'Assassination' includes acts described as 'extrajudicial killing' or 'targeted killing'. The

use of this term was motivated by practical concerns, since the translation of the latter terms in Arabic is too long to be effectively used in the database and statistical reports with tables and charts.

Passerby:

This term refers to persons killed because he/she was accidently in or passing by a location that

was targeted by an Israeli military attack. This category does not apply to persons killed in their

houses, places of work, or during hostilities, if they were taking part in them.

At Work:

Refers to persons killed while they were exercising their daily, routine work, such as farmers,

shop owners, and governmental and non-governmental employees.

Compound Type:

This category groups casualties according to the classification of their residential area, regardless

of their refugee status. A compound could, for example, be a village/rural compound or a

city/town/urban compound, or a rural refugee camp. It could be an urban/city compound where a

refugee victim resides or a rural compound where refugees reside…etc. It focuses on the type of

community.

Refugee Status:

This term refers to the status of a victim based on whether she/he was a refugee or a non-refugee

resident of the Gaza Strip. A refugee is defined as a person who himself/herself or their ancestors

were forced to leave their towns/villages of origin within the pre-1948 Palestine and relocate to

the Gaza Strip or elsewhere. Refugees' offspring who were born in the Strip after 1948 are also

classified as refugees.

Residential house:

A residential house is a place consisting of walls, a ceiling, and a floor, and includes a kitchen

and a bathroom. It is connected to basic services, such as water and electricity grids. That is the

general definition. This report takes into consideration one essential criterion - house ownership.

For instance, registration of property is based on the actual registration of ownership and

allocation of the property. Hence, a multi-story house owned by one person – with only one

water and power subscription with the local authorities, and where none of the apartments inside

it are registered as owned by another person through sale, rental agreement, or inheritance – is

considered as only one residential house. Otherwise, an apartment within a residential building,

regardless of its size or the number of floors in it, which is owned by a certain person and has

separate water and electricity subscriptions, is considered a residential house by itself. So are

other types of residential buildings, such as villas, rural houses, or ground floor houses in the

countryside or in refugee camps. Therefore, certain multi-story houses are sometimes counted as

a single house (when the ownership and services belong to one person) while in other cases they

can be considered several houses. An example of the latter is when a house encompasses several

apartments that are legally registered as being owned by different persons and have separate

service supplies.

The reason behind this classification is owed to the nature of the work of the four human rights

organizations involved in the documentation campaign, which requires the legal proof of

ownership. Such proof is usually used by victims to seek certification of the damages incurred to

their homes (and the same applies to other private property such as land, vehicles or commercial

stores). Such certification can be the basis of receiving humanitarian aid, support for

reconstruction, or compensation, in which case such resources must be legally granted to the

person(s) who legally own the property. This type of classification should explain why there are

conflicting figures of destroyed or damaged properties provided by other parties, such as the

United Nations or governmental bodies, who use different criteria or definitions. This report

provides the overall outcome of the joint documentation campaign carried out by the four human

rights organizations based on this definition. It is not meant to give the total number of

residential units affected by the military attacks, which is naturally higher than the number

presented in this report since a large number of such residential units was not classified as

'residential houses' due to the lack of proof of ownership or proof of independent ownership.

Total Damage: This term refers to houses that were totally destroyed or demolished, or houses that suffered

destruction beyond repair and have to be completely demolished in order to be reconstructed.

Severe Partial Damage:

This term refers to houses that suffered substantial damage that surpasses damages to windows,

doors, water tanks…etc., and that caused destruction of walls or main concrete structures;

however the damages are repairable and the house could be re-constructed without the need to

demolish it first.

Partial Damage:

This term refers to houses that suffered damages that did not cause destruction of walls or

concrete structures or foundations, but was limited to burning of rooms' content and destroying

of windows, doors, and water tanks.

Slight Damage:

The documentation campaign disregarded houses with minor damages, such as those with

broken windowpanes, due to lack of resources and concern over the feasibility of listing this type

of damage in an inclusive way. Tens of thousands of houses were slightly damaged; however, a

detailed investigation of such damage requires additional resources and time in the field that

exceeds the capabilities of this campaign.

Number of Permanent Inhabitants:

The number of permanent inhabitants in a residential house could differ from the number of

members of a family, because there are members of the same family who do not permanently

reside in a house together for various reasons, including marriage, living in a separate house, or

residing abroad. This term refers to the number of people who were living in a residential house,

permanently, at the time when it was destroyed or damaged.

Number of Families:

The campaign adopted various means of proof of ownership, including sale and rental contracts,

and separate connections to public services provided by the local authorities.3 In doing so, it

transpired that while many multi-story buildings were legally registered as owned by a parent,

they contained more than one residential unit inhabited by more than one family. Thus, the

number of families residing in a certain house provides an important criterion to indicate the

3 In this case, the family who reside in a residential house (which could be an apartment within a building) must

show electricity or water bills attesting that they are recognized as a separate family, distinct from others who live in the building; sometimes even when the others are part of the extended family.

number of families who suffered from forcible displacement and attests to the very high number

of affected residential units, regardless of ownership.

People killed People killed according to status and special groups (civilian, resistance fighters), women

and children

100% 2219 Total

70% 1545 Civilians

30% 674 Resistance fighter

25% 556 Children

13% 299 Women

70%

30%

People killed according to status and special groups (civilian, resistance fighters)

Civilians Resistance fighter

Civilians People killed distributed by Women, Children, Elderly and Adult

100% 1545 Civilian Killed

36% 550 Children

19% 299 Women

8% 120 Elderly (60+)

57% 874 Adult (18+-60)

Resistance fighter killed distributed by circumstances of killing

100% 674 Resistance fighters total

57% 385 Killed during combat action

43% 289 killed in civilian circumstances

30%

16%

7%

47%

Civilians People killed distributed by Women, Children, Elderly and Adult

Children Women Elderly (60+) Adult (18+_60)

People killed distributed by circumstances of killing

Circumstance of killing Number Percentage

While providing help and

rescue 38 1.71%

While at home 1068 48.13%

While at work 48 2.16%

While at forcible displacement 80 3.61%

Media crews 4 0.18%

While involved in combat action 385 17.35%

Extrajudicial killings 33 1.49%

While at a place of extra-

judicial killing 29 1.31%

While inside shelters 49 2.21%

Passersby 474 21.36%

Other 11 0.50%

Total 2219 100%

57%

43%

Resistance fighter killed distributed by circumstances of killing

Killed during combat action killed in civilian circumstances

Resistance fighters killed in civilian circumstances distributed by circumstances of killing

Number Circumstances of killing

3 While at work

33 Extrajudicial killing

1 While at a place of extra

judicial killing

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

People killed distributed by circumstances of killing

60%

40%

civilian killed while at home to the other cirumstances

While at home Other Circumstances

12 While providing help and

rescue

3 While at forcible displacement

91 Passersby

1 Other

144 While at home

1 4 While at shelter

289 Total

Civilians killed distributed by type of weapon likely used in the attack

% Number Type of weapon

19.4% 300 Artillery/tank shell

0.6% 10 Infantry troops (shooting)

47.2% 729 Warplane

0.3% 4 Helicopter gunship

32.2% 497 Drone (UVA)

0.3% 5 Warship

100% 1545 Total

4 This case was examined further by the human rights organizations. UNRWA applied strict security arrangements

on displaced people who wished to use its shelters; including thorough searches, to ensure that no fighters or weapons can enter the shelter. In this single case, the person who was killed and classified as a fighter – because of his membership in a resistance armed group, was in his house and not taking part in hostilities. While he was at home, an Israeli attack struck a school that was sued as a shelter next to his house. Several shells struck the school and killed many people. He and his family rushed to the school to provide aid and rescue to the displaced people there. During their attempt to help, a shell struck the school/shelter and he was killed.

People killed distributed by gender and district

Total Female Male District

358 87 271 North Gaza

531 107 424 Gaza

280 79

201

Deir Al Balah (Middle

Gaza)5

599 103 496 Khan Younis

451 122 329 Rafah

2219 498 1721 Total

5 Deir Al Balah district is also commonly referred to as the Middle Gaza district elsewhere. This applies to the name

of this district all through this report.

0100200300400500600700800

Civilians killed distributed by type of weapon likely used in the attack

People killed distributed by type of residential compound

Number Type of Compound

327 Refugee camp

716 Rural area

1176 Urban area

2219 Total

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

North Gaza Gaza Deir Al Balah(Middle Gaza)

Khan Younis Rafah

People killed distributed by gender and district

Male Female

Refugee camp 15%

Rural area 32%

Urban area 53%

People killed distributed by type of residential compound

People killed distributed by whether medical treatment was obstructed

Number Obstruction

511 Medical treatment was obstructed/delayed

1708 Medical treatment was not obstructed/delayed

2219 Total

People with disabilities killed distributed by district

District Disabled Women Children

North Gaza 11 5 2

Gaza 11 1 1

Deir Al Balah 5 1 1

Khan Younis 10 3 1

Rafah 5 1 2

Total 42 11 7

23%

77%

People killed distributed by whether medical treatment was obstructed

Medical treatment was obstructed/delayed

Medical treatment was not obstructed/delayed

Children killed distributed by age groups

12-less than 18 6-less than 12

years

3-less than 6

years

0-less than 3

years Age group

219 165 92 80 Number

Children killed distributed by gender and district

Total Female Male District

90 38 52 North Gaza

130 48 82 Gaza

77 29 48 Deir Al Balah


133 42 91 Rafah

556 199 357 Total

0

50

100

150

200

250

12-less than 18 6-less than 12 years 3-less than 6 years 0-less than 3 years

Children killed distributed by age groups

Women distributed by district

% Number District

16% 49 North Gaza

20% 59 Gaza

17% 50 Deir Al Balah

20% 61 Khan Younis

27% 80 Rafah

100% 299 Total

0

20

40

60

80

100

North Gaza Gaza Deir Al Balah Khan Younis Rafah

Children killed distributed by gender and district

Male Female

16%

20%

17%

20%

27%

Women distributed by district


Women killed distributed by marital status

% Number Marital status

8% 23 Widow

22% 65 Single

69% 205 Married

2% 6 Divorced

100% 299 Total

Women distributed by circumstances of killing

% Number Circumstances of killing

1.3% 4 Other

7.0% 21 While at forcible displacement

2.3% 7 While in place of extra judicial killing

2.3% 7 While in a shelter

4.3% 13 Passersby

82.6% 247 While at home

100% 299 Total

Single 22%

Widow 8%

Married 68%

Divorced 2%

other 78%

Women killed distributed by marital status

Women killed distributed by type of weapon likely used in the Attack

% Number Location of IOF Troops

19% 58 Tank/artillery shell

17% 51 Drone (UVA)

62% 189 Warplane

0% 1 Infantry (shooting)

100% 299 Total

1%

7%

2%

2%

5%

83%

Women distributed by circumstances of killing

Other

While at forcibledisplacement

While in place of extrajudicial killing

While in shelter

Passersby

While at home

20%

17% 63%

0%

Women killed distributed by type of weapon likely used in the Attack

Tank/artillery shell Drone (UVA) Warplane Infantry (shooting)

People killed distributed by special category and district

Paramedics and civil

defense crews

Municipality,

GEDC, and CMWU

Employees*

Journalists District

3 2 1 North Gaza

4 0 3 Gaza

0 3 0 Deir Al Balah

1 1 0 Khan Younis

3 2 0 Rafah

11 8 4 Total

* GEDC: Gaza Electricity Distribution Company

* CMWU: Costal Municipalities Water Utility

Children and Women Injured6:

First: Children Injured7

Children injured distributed by gender and district

Total Girls Boys District

715 270 445 North Gaza

820 297 523 Gaza

341 133 208 Deir Al Balah


508 210 298 Rafah

2647 1031 1616 Total

6 These numbers are based on the initial monitoring operations conducted by fieldworkers from the joint

campaign of human rights organizations. Fieldworkers cross-checked each other’s to prevent the overlap of work and avoid repetition of documented cases. 7 Al Mezan Center for Human Rights documented the injured women and children by its own means; outside

the scope of the joint campaign. These numbers represent the cases that Al Mezan was able to document.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600


Children injured distributed by gender and district

Boys Girls

Children injured distributed by age group

Number Age group

351 0-less than 3 years



818 12-less than 18

2647 Total

Children injured distributed by type of attack

Number Type of Attack

1290 Shelling (artillery/tank)

5 Shooting from border watch towers

420 During military operations

899 Home destruction

33 Other

2647 Total

13%

24%

32%

31%

Children injured distributed by age group

0-less than 3 years

3-less than 6 years

6-less than 12 years

12-less than 18

Children with disabilities injured distributed by district

Number District

12 North Gaza

5 Gaza

13 Deir Al Balah

16 Khan Younis

7 Rafah

53 Total

Children disabled due to injury distributed by district

Number District

61 North Gaza

27 Gaza

36 Deir Al Balah

32 Khan Younis

24 Rafah

180 Total

Shelling (artillery/tank)

49%

Shooting from

border watch towers

0%

During military operations

16%

Home destruction

34%

Other 1%

Children injured distributed by type of attack

Second: Women Injured

Women injured distributed by district

Number District

440 North Gaza

323 Gaza

211 Deir Al Balah

229 Khan Younis

239 Rafah

1442 Total

34%

15% 20%

18%

13%

Children disabled due to injury distributed by district

North Gaza

Gaza

Deir Al Balah

Khan Younis

Rafah

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500


Women injured distributed by district

Women injured distributed by age group

Number Age

852 Less than 40

408 40 - less than 60

182 Elderly (60+)

1442 Total

Women injured distributed by type of attack

Number Type of Attack

350 During military operations

98 Other

985 In attacks on home

9 During ground invasion

1442 Total

59% 28%

13%

Women injured distributed by age group

Less than 40 40 - less than 60 Elderly (60+)

Women with disabilities injured distributed by district

Total District

20 North Gaza

5 Gaza

10 Deir Al Balah

7 Khan Younis

6 Rafah

48 Total

Women disabled due to injury distributed age group

Number District

50 North Gaza

10 Gaza

18 Deir Al Balah

23 Khan Younis

14 Rafah

115 Total

During military

operations 24%

Other 7% In attacks on

home 68%

During ground invasion

1%

Women injured distributed by type of attack

43%

9%

16%

20%

12%

Women disabled due to injury distributed age group


Destruction of Civilian Objects and Properties

1. Residential houses

Residential houses distributed by type of damage and district

District Total damage Partial damage

Number % Number %

North Gaza 1998 24% 6257 27%

Gaza 2718 32% 7192 30%

Deir Al Balah 1060 13% 3604 15%

Khan Younis 1435 17% 3504 15%

Rafah 1170 14% 3041 13%

Total 8381 100% 23598 100%

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000


Residential houses distributed by type of damage and district

Total damage Partial damage

Number of residents of damaged/destroyed houses distributed by type of damage

Of which

children

Of which

women

#of

permanent

residents

#of families # of houses Type of

damage

30838 16525 60623 11166 8381 Total damage

93845 50928 192312 32623 23598 Partial

damage

124683 67453 252935 43789 31979 Total

number

Number of residents of damaged/destroyed houses distributed by district

Of whom

children

Of whom

women

Permanent

residents # of families # of houses District

37617 18265 72944 12378 8255 North Gaza

41370 20682 74652 14040 9910 Gaza

15539 9642 35441 5932 4664 Deir Al Balah

15801 10700 37472 6325 4939 Khan Younis

14356 8164 30426 5114 4211 Rafah

124683 67453 250935 43789 31979 Total

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

# of houses #of families #ofpermanentresidents

Of whichwomen

Of whichchildren

Number of residents of damaged/destroyed houses distributed by type of damage


Damaged/destroyed residential houses distributed by type of attack

% number Type of attack

47% 14893 Artillery/tank shells

46% 14575 Missiles

0% 81 Bombs

6% 1899 Bulldozers

2% 531 Other

100% 31979 Total

Number of housing units damaged or destroyed distributed by type of housing unit

Total number Partial damage Total damage Type of housing unit

6576 4814 1762 Ground floor

5829 3607 2222 Asbestos/Tin sheet roofed

10860 8269 2591 Apartment

8164 6446 1718 Multi-story Building

313 269 44 Villa

237 193 44 Rural house

31979 23598 8381 Total

46%

46%

0% 6% 2%

Damaged/destroyed residential houses distributed by type of attack

Artillery/tank shells

Missiles

Bombs

Bulldozers

Other

Number of housing units damaged or destroyed distributed by area of attack and Israeli

invasion

Total number Partial

damage Total damage Area

7363 5414 1949 Al Sheja’iya and Al

Tuffah

4151 2901 1250 Biet Hanoun

1304 944 360 Khuza’a

523 339 184 Al Zanna

2343 1575 768 East Rafah*

449 139 310 Juhr Al Deek

364 147 217 East Deir Al Balah

District**

*East Rafah includes: Al Shoka, Tabet Zare’, Al Tanour, and Al Salam neighborhoods.

** East of Deir Al Balah district includes: Ebad Al Rahman, Mhareb, Kisufim, Quz Abu

Hamam, Abu Shehada, Hussni Mosque, Abu Mandeel, and Abu Mattwi neighborhoods.

0100020003000400050006000700080009000

Number of housing units damaged or destroyed distributed by type of housing unit


2. Public Premises

Destruction of public premises distributed by type of premises

Type of

Establishment

Partial

Damage

Total

damage Total Number

11 10 1 Hospitals

24 18 6 Clinics

194 130 64 Mosques

1 1 0 Churches

4 3 1 Banks

74 46 28 NGOs

66 59 7 Schools

52 44 8 Kindergarten

6 5 1 Colleges and Universities

22 7 15 Police stations

7 6 1 Sport Centers

461 329 132 Total

45%

25%

8%

3%

14%

3% 2%

Number of housing units damaged or destroyed distributed by area of attack and Israeli invasion

Al Sheja’iya and Al Tuffah

Biet Hanoun

Khuza’a

Al Zanna

East Rafah*

3. Industrial premises

Damaged or destroyed industrial premises distributed by district

% Number District

33% 76 North Gaza

55% 127 Gaza

7% 15 Deir Al Balah

3% 7 Khan Younis

2% 4 Rafah

100% 229 Total

020406080

100120140

Destruction of public premises distributed by type of premises

Total damage Partial Damage

33%

55%

7%

3% 2%

Damaged or destroyed industrial premises distributed by district


Loses in industrial premises distributed by type of damage

100% 229 Total number

49% 112 Total damage

51% 117 Partial damage

Industrial premises distributed by type of industry and type of damage

Type of industry Type of damage

Total Partial

Plastic 6 7

Construction 34 32

Wood 14 24

Food 10 14

Electrical 4 3

Chemical 2 6

Metal 20 13

Textile 9 7

Others 13 11

Total 112 117

Total damage

49% Partial

damage 51%

Loses in industrial premises distributed by type of damage

Industrial premises distributed by method of destruction and district

District Method of destruction

Shelled Bulldozed

North Gaza 73 3

Gaza 122 5

Deir Al Balah 14 1

Khan Younis 2 5

Rafah 4 0

Total 215 14

05

10152025303540

Industrial premises distributed by type of industry and type of damage

Total Partial

21%

36% 7%

36%

0%

28%

Industrial premises distributed by method of destruction and district


Number of workers before and after the military operation* distributed by type of damage

%of decrease #of dismissed

workers

#of workers

after the

offensive

#of workers

before the

offensive

Industrial

premises

Type of

damage

50% 953 936 1889 117 Partial

100% 1474 0 1474 112 Total

* The military operation refers to Operation Protective Edge; the same operation covered by this

report.

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

Industrial premises #of workers beforethe offensive

#of workers afterthe offensive

#of dismissedworkers

Number of workers before and after the military operation distributed by type of damage

Partial Total

4. Commercial premises

Damaged or destroyed commercial premises distributed by district

% Number District

29% 451 North Gaza

36% 563 Gaza

11% 175 Deir Al Balah

15% 240 Khan Younis

9% 149 Rafah

100% 1578 Total

Commercial premises distributed by type of damage




44%

56%

Commercial premises distributed by type of damage


Commercial premises distributed by method of destruction

% number Method of

destruction

5.58% 88 Bulldozed

93.79% 1480 Shelled

0.63% 10 Others*

100% 1578 Total

* Others include explosion, confiscation, and demolition

Number of workers at commercial premises before and after the military operation

distributed by type of damage

% of

decrease

# of

dismissed

workers

#of workers

after the

operation

# of workers

before the

operation

Commercial

premises

Type of

damage

35% 758 1427 2185 885 Partial

100% 1700 0 1700 693 Total

5% 94% 1% 6%

Commercial premises distributed by method of destruction

Bulldozed Shelled Others*

5. Agricultural Land

Damaged agricultural land distributed by district

# of

beneficiaries

from the

land

Of whom

children

# of family

members

Damaged

area (in

square

meters)

# of cases District

8310 1731 5459 3594294 593 North Gaza

9202 886 2018 1369528 264 Gaza

6515 959 2436 1917040 340 Deir Al

Balah

6458 1471 4831 2479534 642 Khan

Younis

3398 1034 2385 1808768 342 Rafah

33883 6081 17129 11169164 2181 Total

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Commercialpremises

# of workersbefore theoperation

#of workers afterthe operation

# of dismissedworkers

Number of workers at commercial premises before and after the military operation distributed by type of

damage

Partial Total

Damaged agricultural land distributed by method of destruction

% Number Method of destruction

62% 1343 Bulldozed

36% 793 Shelled

2% 36 Obstruction of access

0% 9 Other

100% 2181 Total

25%

27% 19%

19%

10%

beneficiaries from the landdistributed by district


62%

36%

2%

0%

2%

Damaged agricultural land distributed by method of destruction

Bulldozed Shelled Obstruction of access Other

6. Livestock

Damaged or destroyed livestock farms distributed by district

% Number District

26.16% 287 North Gaza

17.87% 196 Gaza

17.41% 191 Deir Al Balah

31.08% 341 Khan Younis

7.47% 82 Rafah

100% 1097 Total

26%

18%

17%

31%

8%

Damaged or destroyed livestock farms distributed by district


Livestock farms distributed by type of farm

Number Type of farm

225 Animal

520 Chicken

350 Animal and chicken

1 Bees

1 Fish

1097 Total

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Animal Chicken Animal andchicken

Bees Fish

Livestock farms distributed by type of farm

7. Water-wells

Damaged or destroyed water-wells distributed by district

% number District

35.6% 47 North Gaza

22.0% 29 Gaza

25.8% 34 Deir Al Balah

12.9% 17 Khan Younis

3.8% 5 Rafah

100% 132 Total

Damaged or destroyed water-wells distributed by type of damage

% Number Type of damage




Damaged or destroyed water-wells distributed by type of damage and district

District Total damage Partial damage

Number % Number %

North Gaza 41 37% 6 29%

Gaza 27 24% 2 10%

Deir Al Balah 26 23% 8 38%

Khan Younis 14 13% 3 14%

Rafah 3 3% 2 10%

Total 111 100% 21 100%

Damaged or destroyed water wells distributed by method of damage

% Number Method of damage

62% 82 Bulldozed

38% 50 Shelled

100% 132 Total

0

10

20

30

40

50


Damaged or destroyed water-wells distributed by type of damage and district


Bulldozed 62%

Shelled 38%

Damaged or destroyed water wells distributed by method of damage

8. Vehicles

Damaged/destroyed vehicles distributed by district and type of damage

% Total number Partial damage Total damage District

21% 240 146 94 North Gaza

53% 608 372 236 Gaza

10% 109 61 48 Deir Al Balah

11% 123 44 79 Khan Younis

6% 63 25 38 Rafah

100% 1143 648 495 Total

Damaged/destroyed ambulances distributed by district

Number District

9 North Gaza

6 Gaza

5 Deir Al Balah

3 Khan Younis

1 Rafah

24 Total

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400


Damaged/destroyed vehicles distributed by district and type of damage


Conclusion

The statistics presented in this report reflect the unprecedented number of casualties and material damage inflicted on Palestinian civilians and their property, including civilian infrastructure, during the Israeli military OPE assault on the Gaza Strip in 2014. The above figures demonstrate that civilians constitute the vast majority of the casualties. Similarly, children, women, elderly people, and health personnel constitute a large segment of the death toll. This confirms the human rights organizations’ assertion that the IOF routinely targeted civilians and their property, disregarding the relevant applicable legal standards in relation to the conduct of hostilities, and showing a stark indifference to civilian life and property, which must be protected. Investigations conducted by the four human rights organizations, along with other domestic and international investigations, affirm a damning body of evidence attesting to the commission of grave and systematic violations of IHL by Israeli forces, tantamount to war crimes and crimes against humanity according to the Rome Statute of the ICC and the Fourth Geneva Convention. These crimes include: deliberate killing and murder; shelling of houses while civilian residents were inside them; shooting civilians holding white flags; arbitrary use of excessive force in civilian areas; targeting civilians and civilian premises without distinction, proportionality or military necessity; using civilians as human shields; targeting medical personnel; preventing ambulances from reaching the injured to save their lives; and targeting UN buildings and personnel. Furthermore, the IOF carried out actions which severely affected the life and wellbeing of civilians in the Gaza Strip by destroying water, electricity and sewage networks, and linking-roads between districts, as well as by maintaining the closure/blockade of Gaza, which rendered the population desperately short on food and medicines. The IOF also inflicted severe psychological harm on the residents of the Gaza Strip by its random, ineffective warnings of imminent attacks while at the same time bombing areas where civilians were directed to go to, as well as UN shelters. The scale and systematic nature of the serious violations of international law committed by the IOF points to the pursuit of a consistent policy designed by and deployed from the highest levels of Israeli government. Statements made by political and military leaders, in which they portend killing people and destroying their homes, highlight this policy, thus destroying the clear lines that international law draws between civilians and military targets. This pattern of conduct by the Israeli State reinforces the conviction of informed observers that Israel, the Occupying Power, has released itself from the will to respect its international obligations, including the established obligation to properly investigate suspected crimes committed by its agents. Statements about policy and the rules of engagement signify encouragement for the commission of such violations whereby perpetrators are also assured State protection.

Israel’s failure to conduct adequate investigations that meet the relevant international standards and its willingness to provide protection and impunity to the military and government officials who committed or ordered the commission of these crimes as also evident following operations Cast Lead (2008/09) and Pillar of Defence (2012), places the onus on the international community to initiate effective, impartial investigations and to secure accountability and justice in accordance with international law.

The four human rights organizations strongly condemn the IOF’s continued, grave and systematic violations of international law in the Gaza Strip, including its ongoing closure/blockade, which constitute a form of unlawful collective punishment. The four human rights organizations condemn Israel’s continued policy of complete impunity that has encouraged its military forces to commit grave breaches of the rules of international law. The four human rights organizations call on the international community to assume its moral and legal obligations by taking action to bring the unlawful eight-year closure/blockade of the Gaza Strip to a swift end and to ensure the swift reconstruction of the devastated Strip. The four organizations also call on the international community to support independent and credible investigations into the violations of human rights and IHL in the Gaza Strip by the UN and the ICC.

Operation Protective edge in Numbers Information Gathering This report presents statistical analysis of the primary data collected from the field through a joint documentation campaign

Documents