Operating system

Operating System and programs

A continuation from Unit 2

Programming

• CPU works with combinations of bits and bytes.

• These bits and bytes are codify• Programming is to build the code.

• To make it easier, programmers work with programming languages.

Program

• A program is a set of instructions that tells the computer how to make and specific task.

Installing programs

• To make your computer run a program, first thing to do is to install it.

• To install a program is to copy it (from a CD or downloaded from the Internet) on to your computer’s hard drive.

Types of programs

• Word processing• Database• Spreadsheets• Research• Entertainment• Education• Desktop publishing

AN IMPORTANT TYPE OF PROGRAM

• THE OPERATING SYSTEM (OS) IS THE MOST IMPORTANT PROGRAM OF A COMPUTER.

Why the OS is the most important program on any computer?

Controls how the CPU communicates with other hardware

components

Makes computers easy to operate by people who don’t understand

programming languages.

Controls the memories, the hard drive and all the saving data units.

How the operating system opens programs

1. The OS looks for the program in the hard drive, send a copy to the RAM and show the program in the screen

2. Our program gets the information from the keyboard and the mouse using the OS. The OS make the memory to save the information and send instructions to the CPU.

3. Once we have finished, we give the order to save. The OS looks for a place in the hard drive and send it the data from the RAM .

4. When we close the program , the OS erase it from the RAM to run new applications.

Types of operating systems

Macintosh computers: Apple• System 7, System 8...

PC• All the WINDOWS by

Microsoft• Al the LINUX versions

What do they have in common?

The Graphical User Interface

• Click here to learn more about OS

FILES AND FOLDERS (ARCHIVOS Y CARPETAS)

How to organize the information

What is a file?

A file is a collection of data that is stored together.

Files are sometimes stored in folders

How to identify a file:

1. Name1. Name 2. Type

2. Location3. Length

Name and types:Text files, graphic files, program files, etc.

The abbreviation behind the name is the type of file.

Abbreviation (EXTENSIÓN) Type of file

.doc o .docx Word document

.txt o .text Text document

.pdf PDF document (adobe reader)

.bmp, .gif, .jpg Graphic file

.exe o .com Executable program

.htm o . html Web page or document

.mdb o .mdbx Access data base

.xls o .xlsx Excel spreadsheet

.zip .rar Compressed file (archivo comprimido)

This is my DESKTOPThe image is called WALLPAPER

This ICON gives me the way to look in the hard drive and all the storage disks

If I don’t want to storage a folder or a file anymore, I send it to the RECYCLE BIN

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