1. UNDERNUTRITION
There are almost 7 billion
people in the world… And
one person in seven one person in seven
suffered from hunger in
2009.
TRUE or FALSE ?
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TRUE
The number of hungry people was expected to pass
1 BILLION for the first time in human history in 2009.
Sourc
e : h
ttp://w
ww
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unger/
hunger_
gra
phic
s/e
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Sourc
e : h
ttp://w
ww
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unger/
hunger_
gra
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s/e
n/
2. CALORIC INTAKE
Four crops (wheat,
maize, rice, and
cassava) constitute 75%
of the world’s caloric of the world’s caloric
intake.
TRUE or FALSE ?
http://k
aty
nally
.word
pre
ss.c
om
/2009/0
3/0
4/
Only the first three foods (wheat, maize, rice)
constitute 75% of the world’s caloric intake.
FALSE
constitute 75% of the world’s caloric intake.
Do they fulfill people basic nutritional needs?…
3. MALNUTRITION
Deficiencies
Today, over 1.5 billion
people are affected by people are affected by
iron deficiency.
TRUE or FALSE ?
http://c
uis
ine.m
aro
c.o
ver-
blo
g.c
om
TRUEIron deficiency affects more than 1.5 billion people
worldwide.
In Sub-Saharan Africa, children and women are the most
affected by insufficient intake of micronutrients (especially
iron and vitamin A).
This has partly been attributed to low consumption of fruit
and vegetables and compounded by diseases such as
malaria and complications resulting from HIV/Aids.
Is Biofortified food the answer?
4. BIOFORTIFIED FOOD
(1)
Biofortified Food crops
are always genetically are always genetically
modified.
TRUE or FALSE ?
ww
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eo.f
r/environnem
ent/le
s-m
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-vert
s/o
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-35912
Traditional plant breeding techniques can be
successfully used to biofortify crops.
However, those essential nutrients that i) cannot
be bred into key food staples through conventional
FALSE
be bred into key food staples through conventional
breeding methods or ii) cannot be bred in
sufficient amounts, may require transgenic
breeding approaches.
5. BIOFORTIFIED FOOD
(2)
BF is the best way for
people to obtain the
nutrients that they need. nutrients that they need.
TRUE or FALSE ?
ww
w.g
old
enrice.o
rg/C
onte
nt4
-Info
/info
4_m
edia
.htm
l
FALSE
Supplements could have toxic effects if they are not
taken in appropriate amount and given to the right
person (e.g. : antioxidants…).
Biofortification may represent an answer for all those who
cannot afford a diversified diet, which is by far the best
way for people to get the nutrients they need.
6. MALNUTRITION
Obesity and diabetes
In Sub-Saharan Africa,
HIV/AIDS kills twice as HIV/AIDS kills twice as
many people as
diabetes
TRUE or FALSE?
Diabetes, falsely considered as “the disease of the rich”, kills as many
people as HIV/AIDS and is now considered as a “non-infectious”
epidemic disease hitting mostly the poorest and less educated range
of the population.
WHY?
Nutritional transition and urbanization.
FALSE
Nutritional transition and urbanization.
Cultural aspects
Inadequate health systems…
The longer it takes to fight this new scourge, the higher the cost will be
in terms of public health and development.
Primary prevention/education promoting a diversified diet is essential.
7. MEDITERRANEAN
DIET
A diversified diet such as
the Med diet is linked
with a lower occurrence
of cardiovascular, cancer
http://w
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anada.c
om
/calg
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hera
ld/n
ew
s/r
ealli
fe/e
xtr
a/h
ealth.h
tml
of cardiovascular, cancer
and neuro-degenerative
diseases.
TRUE or FALSE ?
http://w
ww
2.c
anada.c
om
/calg
ary
hera
ld/n
ew
s/r
ealli
fe/e
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a/h
ealth.h
tml
Greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated
with a significant improvement in health status, as seen by
a significant reduction in overall mortality (9%), mortality
from cardiovascular diseases (9%), incidence of or
mortality from cancer (6%), and incidence of Parkinson’s
disease and Alzheimer’s disease (13%).
TRUE
disease and Alzheimer’s disease (13%).
These results seem to be clinically relevant for public
health, in particular for encouraging a Mediterranean-like
dietary pattern for primary prevention of major chronic
diseases.
Sofi et al. BMJ 2008
8. Wine and your health
Leaving this room, you’ll
be invited to have a glass
of wine from our region,
Languedoc-Roussillon. As Languedoc-Roussillon. As
part of the Med diet, this
wine will be good for
your health.
TRUE or FALSE ?
http://c
ert
ain
sjo
urs
.haute
tfort
.com
/tag/v
itrine
You need to drink regularly a moderate amount of
wine to have a possible beneficial effect on your
health….
FALSE
…which obviously won’t be the case tonight…
Opening Science : Links and bridges