The Danish Prison and Probation Service Open prisons Kim Andersen VIII Conference on Physical Activity and Sports in Prisons (Compartim Knowledge Manadgment Programme of Department of Justice in Catalonia) Barcelona, October, 16 th , 2014 Disclaimer The Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivativeWorks licence 3.0 permits reproduction, distribution and public communication of the material, as long as the authorship of the material and the CEJFE (Catalan Ministry of Justice) are credited and no commercial use is made of it, nor is it transformed to generate derived works (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc- nd/3.0/deed.ca )
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Open prisons. The Danish Prison ans Probation Service. Kim Andersen
VI Jornada d'activitat física i esport als centres penitenciaris. Open prisons, l'experiència danesa. Centre d'Estudis Jurídics i Formació Especialitzada, 16 d'octubre de 2014
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The Danish Prison and Probation Service
Open prisons
Kim AndersenVIII Conference on Physical Activity and Sports in Prisons (Compartim Knowledge Manadgment Programme of Department of Justice in Catalonia)
Barcelona, October, 16th, 2014
Disclaimer
The Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivativeWorks licence 3.0 permits reproduction, distribution and public communication of the material, as long as the authorship of the material and the CEJFE (Catalan Ministry of Justice) are credited and no commercial use is made of it, nor is it transformed to generate derived works (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc- nd/3.0/deed.ca)
• Maximum secured prisons• Minimum secured prisons• Local prisons• Halfway houses
239 euro156 euro154 euro162 euro
Staff
• Around 4,700 staff members (full-time) work within the service.
• 2/3 are uniformed staff and 1/3 civilian staff.
• 55% of staff member are men and 45% are women.
Difference in education and the content of work.
Key figures – Inmates/clientsState and local prisons
Prisoners per 100,000 inhabitants:Total number of places in state and local prisons:Capacity utilisation, management target:Prisoners per day serving sentences:Remand prisoners per day:Female prisoners per day:Detained asylum-seekers per day:Young offenders under the age of 18 per day (2012):Inmates with an ethnic background other than Danish:Admissions per year:
714.16098 %2,4721.362
15811512
37%14.000
Probation Service (offices and half-way houses)
Residents of half-way houses per day:Clients per day subject to electronic tagging:Clients on December 31th under supervision:Pre-sentence reports per year:Community service orders per year:
166293
9.57311.8396.689
CAT-2013
13310.000
1.667766
45 %
During incarnationOccupation (work/education/treatment)
Leisure time
Contact with family
Self-catering
Leaves
Escapes
Release on parole
Alternative to custodial punishment
Community service
•The hours of work required are between 30-300.
•The work must be carried out during leisure time.
Electronic tagging
•Offenders with a sentence to up to 6 months can apply.
Serving a sentence at a treatment institution
Efforts and results
Recidivism – the total rate isRecidivism rate for offenders having served a prison sentence isRecidivism rate for offenders having served a community order isRecidivism rate for offenders having served under home curfew detention is
28 %38 %20 %18 %
Treatment and programmes• Individual action and sentence plans.• Treatment guarantee.• 50 treatment programs – e.g. drug abuse, prevention of
violence, sexological treatment, improvement of cognitive skills.
• Good release scheme.
RecidivismCAT40 %
Open prisons
• In Denmark there is 9 open prisons in 2014.
• The first open prison started in 1933.
• The new prison concept “open prison” arose from the need of placing citizens that betrayed the country during the 2. world war.
• Forerunners for “the open prison concept” was the youth- prisons, especially “Søbysøgård” and “Sønder Omme”.
• The imprisonment and daily life in these youth-prisons had a more open minded approach to serving time and had less fixed forms and can move around freely compared to the closed prisons.
More humane imprisonment
Same rights as the inmates in maximum security prisons – for instance the inmates are obliged to work 37 hours a week.
The open prison Søbysøgård
Focal points in open prisons
• Focus on local outdoor resource exploitation – agriculture and forestry.
• Focus on education.
• More inmates are allowed to work outside the prison in the community than prisoners in closed prisons.
• A larger portion of the inmates start their exit plans sooner and get probation.
The inmates in open prisons
• More inmates have shorter sentences.
• The open prisons are a part of the exit plan for the inmates that serve time in the maximum security prisons.
• Men and women serve together.
The daily life in open prisons
Opportunities – uses the local community to
integrate the inmates into society – the inmates...
• Can move around freely
• Go shopping
• Go to the library
• Do workout
• Focus on health issues
Open prison vs. closed prison
The open prison is...
• More humane
• The ability to move around freely
• Mobile phones are allowed
• Early exit plan and probation
• No walls
The Danish Prison and Probation Service in the future
Moving towards a centralisation and 4 regional Centres.
The focal points are:
• Partnerships – cooperation across the 4 centres as an ongoing process of development e.g. better workflow in case handling.
• Focus on the client.
• Standardization of work tasks.
The Danish Prison and Probation Service in the future
• A significant decline in youth crime and also a tendency of shorter sentences for the youngsters committing crime.
• Women prison.
• Political restriction.
• Greater focus on gang related crime and inmates that are gang related.