v Th1< v Th = G 1 ≤ 1 G ≥ 1 G 2 =1– G 1 ≤ 1 Op-Amp Non-Inverting Summer G(G 1 v Th1< +G 2 v Th2< ) v Th2< v Th1< v Th1< v Th = G 2 – G 2 – G 2 v Th2< Op-Amp Differential Amp G 2 (v Th1< –v Th2< ) +Ev Th1< E=(G 1 –G 2 )/(1+G 1 ) Op-Amp Difference Amp v Th = 1 + G 2 v Th2< G 1 (1+G 2 )v Th1< –G 2 v Th2< G 1 ≤ 1 v Th = 1+ G – G v Th1< Op-Amp (1+G)v Th1< – Gv Th2< v Th2< 8 7 6 5 v Th = – G v Th< Op-Amp Inverting Amp – Gv Th< Op-Amp Non-Inverting Amp G ≥ 1 G v Th< v Th = v Th< v Th = v Th< Op-Amp Buffer (V-Follower) v Th< v Th = – G 1 – G 2 v Th1< v Th2< Op-Amp (Inv) Summing Amp –G 1 v Th1< –G 2 v Th2< 4 3 2 1 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2