O.P. Agarwal - Una Visión de Experiencia India en Política de Transporte Urbano - Programa de Líderes en Transporte Urbano

Public Policy for Urban Transport in India: Situation and Perspective

O P Agarwal

The World Bank

SIBRT – Leon – 25th April, 2012

Presentation outline

• Situation that triggered the National Urban Transport Policy in India

• Challenges faced and how overcome

• Initial experience

• Current scenario

• Lessons learnt

• Leaders Program in Urban Transport Planning

2

Motor Vehicle Sales in India (‘000)

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011

Cars M2W

Growth of Vehicles to Population (1981-2001)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16B

an

ga

lore

Ko

lkata

Ch

en

nai

Delh

i

Hyd

era

bad

Mu

mb

ai

Avera

ge

Population

Vehicles

Veh/Pop

Reduced Safety Fatalities per million population

28 29

41

52

67

79 79

95

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006

23.5

145

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

1980-81 2008-09

Oil consumption (in Million Tonnes)

53

4000

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

1980-81 2008-09

FE Outgo (In Rs Billion)

Energy Security

Urban population & projections

62.4 78.9 109159

217285

372

473

583

700

820

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021 2031 2041 2051

Po

pu

lati

on

(M

illi

on

s) Actual

Projected

Needed proactive measures –

Hence, a National Policy

•To make our cities the most livable in

the world and enable them to become

the “engines of economic

growth” that power India’s march

towards becoming a developed country

Several key agencies

are under the National

Government

To set a framework for

State level policies and

strategies

To guide National

Government’s Financial

Assistance

Several key enactments

administered by the

National Government

To secure economies of

scale in research &

capacity building efforts

Why a National Policy?

Strategies

for parking

space and

freight traffic

movements

Establish

Regulatory

mechanisms

for a level

playing field

Innovative

financing

methods to

raise

resources

Promote

cleaner fuel

& vehicle

technologies

for cities

Projects to

demonstrate

best practices

in sustainable

transport

Ensure

integrated

land use &

transport

planning

Ensure

coordinated

planning

for urban

transport

Build capacity

to plan for

sustainable

urban

transport

Investments

in public

transport &

Non

Motorized

modes

People

focused &

equitable

allocation of

road space

National Urban

Transport Policy

Challenge

• Urban transport is a State subject

• Flyovers and road-widening are popular initiatives

• How does one get them to think differently?

National Urban Renewal Mission

• Established a partnership for the national, provincial and local governments to finance the needed urban infrastructure

• National government commits $ 12 billion over a 7 year period

• Linked to prescribed reforms

Thus:

National Urban Transport Policy

Established a framework for action

National Urban Renewal Mission

Created an incentive for implementation

Initiatives taken

• 64 cities planning modern bus services

• BRT approved in 11 cities - others on the anvil

• 8 cities building new metro rail systems

• National pressure for Unified Metropolitan Transport Authority

• Emphasis on a comprehensive mobility plan

• Comprehensive capacity building program Training, Education, Legal frameworks,

Institutions, standards and manuals

Metro projects – lessons learnt

• Delhi metro considered a “Crown Jewel”

• Extremely well implemented

• Extremely good public relations

• However, ridership needs to go up

189 km – 1.8 million daily passengers

• Very little integration with other modes

21

BRT Projects – lessons learnt

• Four cities have started services

• One city doing well, but in others its more like dedicated busways

• Good learning opportunity for others

Need for stable leadership

Lack of capacity – city engineers, consultants

Need to focus on operational plan and not just infrastructure

Importance of communications and outreach

Adverse impact on the influential section of society

Value of reliable data

Overall lessons

1. Need for improved strategic planning

2. Need for institutional integration and better coordination – in planning and operations

3. Need for significant capacity building

4. Need for contextual research

23

Capacity Building for Leaders in Urban Transport Planning

24

Objective

• Create a pool of leaders/change agents to look at Urban Mobility in a holistic and comprehensive manner

• Create capacity in local universities and training institutes

• Create high quality toolkits (“how to” guides) and reference material for the practice

• Create a platform for South-South information exchange

• Create a professional network of leaders

25

Target group

• Key national, provincial and city level decision makers

• Potential faculty for local programs

• Bank staff and staff of partner agencies working on urban transport

• Staff of civil society organizations working on urban transport

• Staff of local consultants (at their cost)

26

Target group has special needs

• They switch off with too much lecturing

• “You don’t know our situation”

• Prefer learning by doing and seeing

• Prefer learning at a slower pace – not information overload

• Yet, they can not be out for too long

Therefore traditional

methods need

revision

• Self learning material to be sent in advance

• Face to face event to focus on action learning

Case studies

Peer discussions

Group work/Games

• Learning by doing

Locally relevant project work

Mentoring support and high quality reference material

• Exposure to “Best Practices”

27

Proposed 5 phase structure

I. Self learning

II. One week face to face

learning program

III. Work on a locally relevant

project at duty location

IV. Exposure visit s/ Internship

V. Short wrap up and

certification

Assignments

+

Evaluation

Focus on

comprehensive

planning

Status

• First program held in Singapore in January 2012

66 participants from 13 different countries

Offered an excellent opportunity for South –South learning

• Further programs scheduled in:

Marseille (French) – June 2012

Fuzhou (Chinese) – June 2012

India (English) – July – August, 2012

Buenos Aires (Spanish) – November 2012

• Looking for partners to deliver in other countries

29

Singapore Program Video

30