Oled

OLED

Presented byT.Spandana & R.G.Srujana

3rd year,E.C.ESHRI SAI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Contents IntroductionWhat is OLED?Birth of OLEDHistoryArchitecture of OLEDHow OLED works?Types of OLEDsAdvantages and disadvantagesCurrent, future scopeConclusion

IntroductionImagine having high-definition TV 8O inches wide less than a quarter inch thick

consume less power & can be rolled up when u are not

using

Is it possible??

Yes, it is possible by using OLED technology

Before technologies In this field first came the small LED displays (which can

show only the numeric contents)

Then came heavy jumbo CRTs ,which are used till now.

the problem is they are very heavy, bulky, couldn’t carry

them form one place to other place.

Next to CRTs LCDs came into existence. which are lighter

in weight compare to CRTs. the drawback in LCDs is the

efficient result is obtained only in some particular

directions.

What is OLED?

OLED - Organic Light Emitting Diode

An OLED is any light emitting diode (LED) which emissive electroluminescent layer is composed of a film of organic compounds.

Birth of OLED

First successfully created by Ching

Tang and Steve Van Slyke in 1987 at

Kodak Labs.

First tests – very efficient, simple to

make

Showed potential for displays

HistoryFirst developed in the early

1950s in France1960s-AC-driven

electroluminescent cells was developed

In 1987 Chin Tang and Van Slyke introduced the first light emitting diodes from thin organic layers. 

In 1990 electroluminescence in polymers was discovered. 

Architecture of OLED Substrate:(clear plastic, glass,

foil) - The substrate supports the OLED.

Anode(transparent):The anode removes electrons (adds electron "holes") when a current flows through the device.

Cathode (may or may not be transparent depending on the type of OLED) - The cathode injects electrons when a current flows through the device.

Organic layer:

o Conducting layer-This layer is ma-de

of organic plastic molecules that

transport "holes" from the anode. One

conducting polymer used in OLEDs is

polyaniline.

o Emissive layer - This layer is made of

organic plastic molecules (different

ones from the conducting layer) that

transport electrons from the cathode;

this is where light is made. One

polymer used in the emissive layer is

polyfluorene.

How OLED works?

Types of OLEDsPassive-matrix OLED

Active-matrix OLED

Transparent OLED

Top-emitting OLED

Foldable OLED

White OLED

Passive-matrix OLEDPerpendicular cathode/anode strip orientationLight emitted at intersection (pixels)External circuitry• Turns on/off pixels

External circuitryLarge power consumption• Used on 1-3 inch screens• Alphanumeric display

Active-matrix OLEDFull layers of cathode, anode, organic moleculesThin Film Transistor matrix (TFT) on top of anode• Internal circuitry to determine which pixels to turn on/off

Less power consumed then PMOLED• Used for larger displays

Transparent OLEDTransparent substrate, cathode and anodeBi-direction light emissionPassive or Active Matrix OLED Useful for heads-up display• Transparent projector• Screen• glasses

Top-emitting OLEDNon-transparent or

reflective substrate

Transparent Cathode

Used with Active

Matrix Device

Smart card displays

Foldable OLED

Flexible metallic foil

or plastic substrate

Lightweight and

durable

Reduce display

breaking

Clothing OLED

White OLED

Emits bright white

light

Replace fluorescent

lights

Reduce energy cost

for lighting

True Color Qualities

Advantages Much faster response time Consume significantly less

energy Able to display "True Black"

picture Wider viewing angles Thinner display Better contrast ratio Safer for the environment Has potential to be mass

produced inexpensively OLEDs refresh almost 1,000

times faster then LCDs

Disadvantages Lifetime

› White, Red, Green 46,000-230,000 hours About 5-25 years

› Blue 14,000 hours About 1.6 years

Expensive Susceptible to water Overcome multi-billion dollar LCD

market

Current Research for OLEDso Manufacturers focusing on

finding a cheap way to produceo "Roll-to-Roll"

Manufacturing o Increasing efficiency of blue

luminance 

Applications of OLEDs TVs Cell Phone screens

Computer Screens

Keyboards (Optimus

Maximus) Lights Portable Divice displays

Future Uses for OLEDLighting• Flexible / bendable lighting• Wallpaper lighting defining new

ways to light a space• Transparent lighting doubles as a

window

Cell Phones• Nokia 888

 Scroll Laptop• Nokia concept OLED Laptop

Conclusion

Research and development in the field of

OLEDs is proceeding rapidly .

And this may lead to the future application in

heads-up displays, automotive dashboards,

billboard type displays, home and office

lightings and flexible displays .

THANK YOU

?