OLED 2014 PPT

TECHNICAL SEMINAR

ON

“ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODE"

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Submitted byANANTHAKRISHNA GUSN-1CK10EC002

 UNDER THE GUIDANCE OFMrs. KAVYA S

Asst. ProfessorDEPT. OF ECE, CBIT KOLAR 

C.BYREGOWDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYT h o r a d e v a n d a H a l l i [ p ] , K o l a r t o S r i n i v a s p u r R o a d , K O L A R – 5 6 3 1 0 1

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CONTENTS

• INTRODUCTION• WHAT IS OLED?• HISTORY• FEATURES• WORKING PRINCIPLE• MANUFACTURING OF OLED• TYPES OF OLED• ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES• APPLICATIONS• CONCLUTION

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INTRODUCTION

Organic light emitting diode(OLED).

Emerging Technology for displays in devices.

Main principle behind OLED technology is

electroluminescence.

Offers brighter, thinner, high contrast, flexible

displays.

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WHAT IS AN OLED?

OLEDs are solid state devices composed of thin

films of organic molecules that is 100 to 500

nanometres thick.

They emits light with the application of electricity.

They doesn’t require any backlight. i.e., they are self

emitting.

They are made from carbon and hydrogen.

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HISTORY

The first OLED device was developed by Eastman

Kodak in 1987.

In 1996, pioneer produces the world’s first

commercial PMOLED.

In 2000, many companies like Motorola, LG etc

developed various displays.

In 2001, Sony developed world’s largest fullcolor

OLED

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HISTORY (CONTD.)

In 2002, approximately 3.5 million passive matrix

OLED sub-displays were sold, and over 10 million

were sold in 2003.

In 2010 and 2011, many companies announced

AMOLED displays.

Many developments had take place in the year 2012.

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FEATURES

Flexibility.

Emissive Technology.

Light weight and thin.

Low power consumption.

High contrast, brighter and perfect display from all

angles.

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STRUCTURE OF OLED(FIGURE)

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How OLED WorksOLED 2013-14

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WORKING PRINCIPLE

A voltage is applied across the anode and cathode.

Current flows from cathode to anode through the

organic layers.

Electrons flow to emissive layer from the cathode.

Electrons are removed from conductive layer leaving

holes.

Holes jump into emissive layer .

Electron and hole combine and light emitted.

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MANUFACTURING OF OLED

• Vacuum deposition or Vacuum Thermal evaporation (VTE)

• Organic vapor phase deposition (OVPD)• Inkjet Printing

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Types of OLEDs

• Passive-matrix OLED• Active-matrix OLED• Transparent OLED• Top-emitting OLED• Foldable OLED• White OLED

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1. Passive-Matrix OLED (PMOLED)

• Perpendicular cathode/anode strip orientation

• Light emitted at intersection (pixels)

• External circuitry– Turns on/off pixels

• Large power consumption– Used on 1-3 inch screens– Alphanumeric displays

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• Full layers of cathode, anode, organic molecules

• Thin Film Transistor matrix (TFT) on top of anode– Internal circuitry to

determine which pixels to turn on/off

• Less power consumed then PMOLED– Used for larger displays

2. Active-Matrix OLED (AMOLED)OLED 2013-14

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3. Transparent OLED(TOLED)

• Transparent substrate, cathode and anode

• Bi-direction light emission• Passive or Active Matrix

OLED • Useful for heads-up display

– Transparent projector screen

– Glasses

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4. Top-emitting OLED(TEOLED)

• Non-transparent or reflective substrate

• Transparent Cathode• Used with Active Matrix

Device• Smart card displays

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5. Foldable OLED

• Flexible metallic foil or plastic substrate

• Lightweight and durable

• Reduce display breaking

• Clothing OLED

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6. White OLED

• Emits bright white light• Replace fluorescent

lights• Reduce energy cost for

lighting• True Color Qualities

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Advantages of OLED

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1. Very thin panel of approximately 1mm2. Low power consumption3. High brightness4. High contrast ratio of 10,000 : 15. Wide viewing angle of 1706. Foldable display panel

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Advantages of OLED display over TFT-LCD display

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1. Contrast Ratio Higher contrast ratio than TFT-LCD display Better impression for higher brightness

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2.Viewing Angle Higher viewing angle up to 170 for constant

contrast ratio

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3. Response Time Fast time response in order of <50 us Comparison by graphical point of view

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4. Backlight Function No backlight required in OLED display During black background OLED is turned OFF In LCD backlight is still required

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5. Power Efficiency OLED display is more power efficient

than TFT-LCD display For the same power OLED display is

more brighter

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OLED Disadvantages

• Lifetime• White, Red, Green 46,000-230,000 hours

• About 5-25 years• Blue 14,000 hours

• About 1.6 years• Expensive• Susceptible to water• Overcome multi-billion dollar LCD market

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APPLICATIONS

Major applications of OLED technology are

OLED TV.

Mobile phones with OLED screens.

Smart watch with OLED screens.

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OLED TVOLED 2013-14

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MOBILE PHONES WITH OLED SCREEN

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SMART WATCH WITH OLED DISPLAY

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CONCLUSION

• Limited use caused by degradation of materials.• OLED will replace current LED and LCD

technologies• Expensive• Flexibility and thinness will enable many applications

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THANK YOU