Oil Palm: Fractions & Derivatives Palm Oil process www. greenpalm .org Click here to view Palm Kernel process Distillation Refining Interesterification IE Palm Hydrogenation Glycerolysis Hydrogenated Palm Oil Oil Palm Fruit Oil Palm Mill Palm Kernel Emulsifier Emulsifier RBD Palm Oil Oleochemicals Palm Fatty Acid Distillates Fractionation 80% 20% 50% 50% 40% 60% RBD Palm Stearin Fractionation RBD Palm Olein Interesterification Interesterification IE Palm Olein IE Palm Stearin Mid Stearin Double Stearin Fractionation Palm Mid Fraction Hydrogenated Double Olein Glycerolysis Hydrogenation Double Olein Hydrogenation Glycerolysis Hydrogenated Palm Olein Emulsifier Crude Palm Oil Click on a process or product for additional information. Process Product Key:
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Oil Palm: Fractions & Derivatives Palm Oil process Process ... and Palm Kernel Supply Chain...Oil Palm: Fractions & Derivatives Palm Oil process Click here to view Palm Kernel process
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Oil Palm: Fractions & Derivatives
Palm Oil process
www.greenpalm.org
Click here to view Palm Kernel process
Distillation
Refining
InteresterificationIE Palm
Hydrogenation
Glycerolysis
Hydrogenated Palm Oil
Oil Palm Fruit Oil Palm Mill Palm Kernel
Emulsifier
Emulsifier
RBD Palm Oil
Oleochemicals
Palm Fatty Acid Distillates
Fractionation
80% 20%
50% 50% 40%
60%
RBD Palm Stearin
Fractionation
RBD Palm Olein
Interesterification Interesterification
IE Palm Olein IE Palm Stearin
Mid Stearin
Double Stearin
Fractionation
PalmMid
Fraction
Hydrogenated Double Olein
Glycerolysis
Hydrogenation
Double Olein
Hydrogenation
Glycerolysis
Hydrogenated Palm Olein
Emulsifier
Crude Palm Oil
Click on a process or product for additional information.
Mill ProcessFresh Fruit Bunches (FFBs) are sterilized and stripped. The fruit is pressed to separate the oil from the ‘cake’ (a mixture of kernel and fibre). The oil is then purified and clarified.
CrushingThe kernel is cracked to remove the palm kernel shell (Palm Kernel Expeller or PKE) and the kernel is crushed and pressed to produce Palm Kernel Oil or PKO.
Refining (RBD: Refinined, Bleached & Deodorised)Oil is refined to remove colour, odour and flavour.
FractionationLiquid Palm Olein and solid Palm Stearin are separated. This is achieved by using crystallisation techniques followed by a membrane filter process.
Interesterification (IE)Oils are reformulated to produce different properties. Carbon chains are separated from the glycerine anchor and reattached in a different formation to create oils with improved properties for specific uses in the food industry.
Hydrogenation A means of increasing the melting point of oils using Hydrogen gas.
GlycerolysisThe process of creating emulsifiers by adding glycerine. Emulsifiers facilitate the mixture of oil and water.
DistillationA method of separating mixtures based on differences in volatility of components in a liquid mixture.
Double Olein (or Super Olein)Melting point: 10°CProperties: liquid frying oil, a good replacement for hydrogenated fat, good resistance to oxidationUses: foodservice frying oils
Palm Mid FractionMelting point: 25-30°CProperties: solid at low temperature but melts quicklyUses: ganache type confectionery fillings, biscuit fillings, frying oil
Double StearinMelting point: 60-62°CProperties: very hard, easy to flake or powderUses: soup dry mixes, cake dry mixes
Mid StearinMelting point: 30°CProperties: mid range melting pointUses: hard Stock for margarine
Palm Kernel Expeller (PKE)Properties: good source of fibre and minerals including phosphorous, copper, zinc and manganeseUses: animal feed
Products
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RBD Palm Kernel OilMelting point: 26-28°CProperties: highly saturated fat, semi-solid at room temperature, good melting properties, good lathering propertiesUses: confectionery, ice cream, soap formulas
RBD Palm Kernel OleinMelting point: 22-25°CProperties: low melting point, generally hydrogenatedUses: coffee whiteners
RBD Palm Kernel StearinMelting point: 32-33°CProperties: low melting point, good oxidative stabilityUses: confectionery, biscuit cream, ice cream, chocolate coatings
Oleochemicals:Properties: a replacement for petrochemicalsUses: detergent, biofuel
Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Oil (HPKO)Melting point: 36ºCProperties: high in saturates, rapid melt down for good flavour releaseUses: ice cream, confectionery, chocolate coatings, soap, cosmetics, biofuel
EmulsifierProperties: facilitates the mixture of oil and water, significantly improving the texture of many foods. Also helps to maintain quality and freshness, preventing the growth of mould which would happen if the oil and fat separate.Uses: margarine, low fat spread, biscuits, cakes, ice cream, bread, etc.
Mill ProcessFresh Fruit Bunches (FFBs) are sterilized and stripped. The fruit is pressed to separate the oil from the ‘cake’ (a mixture of kernel and fibre). The oil is then purified and clarified.
CrushingThe kernel is cracked to remove the palm kernel shell (Palm Kernel Expeller or PKE) and the kernel is crushed and pressed to produce Palm Kernel Oil or PKO.
Refining (RBD: Refinined, Bleached & Deodorised)Oil is refined to remove colour, odour and flavour.
FractionationLiquid Palm Olein and solid Palm Stearin are separated. This is achieved by using crystallisation techniques followed by a membrane filter process.
Interesterification (IE)Oils are reformulated to produce different properties. Carbon chains are separated from the glycerine anchor and reattached in a different formation to create oils with improved properties for specific uses in the food industry.
Hydrogenation A means of increasing the melting point of oils using Hydrogen gas.
GlycerolysisThe process of creating emulsifiers by adding glycerine. Emulsifiers facilitate the mixture of oil and water.
DistillationA method of separating mixtures based on differences in volatility of components in a liquid mixture.