OPERATION INSTRUCTION OF LEEB MULTIFUNCTIONAL HARDNESS TESTER
OPERATION INSTRUCTION
OF
LEEB
MULTIFUNCTIONAL
HARDNESS TESTER
2
CONTENTS
1、 GENERAL DESCRIPTION························3
2、 TEST PRINCIPLE·······························3
3、 FUNCTION AND APPLICATION··················4
4、 STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION·····················10
5、 OPERATING METHOD AND NOTICES············10
3
Ⅰ.GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Leeb Hardness Tester is a new type of portable, multifunctional,
dynamic hardness measuring instrument. it is designed adopting
advanced technology of microprocessor Leeb Hardness Tester features
high accuracy, reliable performance, small size, wide measuring range
and easy operation, etc. It is suitable for quick hardness measurement of
metal materials, especially suitable for site measurement of large-size
parts and difficult-to-dismantle components. It can automatically convert
the HL hardness values into the hardness of Brinell. Rockwell, Vickers
and Shore according to different materials and directions and then record.
And it is indeed a desired hardness measuring instrument.
Ⅱ.TEST PRINCIPLE
Hardness measurement carried out by Leeb Hardness Tester is a
dynamic method which is on the basis of the principle of energy
measurement. During a hardness test, an impact body, equipped with
tungsten carbide test ball, impacts under spring force against the test
surface and then rebounds from the surface. Impact and rebound
velocities are measured in a contactless manner. That means it is
accomplished by the Coil in the impact device and the permanent magnet
built in the impact body. During impact, the magnet passes through the coil,
impact and rebound movements induce electromotance in the coil, the
electromotance is proportional to the velocities. The signals are checked and
processed into Leeb hardness value .The conversion formula is as follows:
HL=1000×
HL----Leeb hardness Va
Vr
4
Vr----rebound velocity of impact body (peak point voltage)
Va----impact velocity of impact body (peak point voltage)
When different impact devices are adopted, the achieved Leeb hardness
value should be marked with relevant symbol after them, such as 800HLD,
800HLG, etc.
The measured Leeb hardness values when different impact devices are
adopted should not be replaced with each other .For example:
800HLD≠800HLG.
Converting Leeb hardness into other harness, different impact devices
ask for different conversion relations.
The hardness converted from the Leeb one should be written as follows, for
example:
The Rockwell hardness value of scale C measured by type D impact
device should be written as 40.5HRCLD; The Brinell hardness value measured
by type D+15 impact device should be written as450HBLD+15;The type D
Shore hardness value measured by type C impact device should be written as
56.2 HSDLC.
Ⅲ. FUNCTION AND APPLICATION
1. Main Application
·Hardness measurement of products for mass producing.
·Site hardness test for machinery of heavy parts.
·Hardness measurement of heavy parts.
·Hardness measurement of the mould cavity.
·Hardness measurement of small space machinery.
·Failure analysis of equipment.
·Distinguishing metal materials in stock.
·Hardness controlling test for the heat treatment of anneal, temper, quench,
5
etc.
2. Main Technical Specifications
Measuring accuracy: In the same measuring range, the measuring
average error of multiple test value are not greater than ±0.8%(relative
to the range HL800±50).When automatically converting into the
hardness values of Brinell (HB), Rockwell (HRB,HRC), the measuring
error is ±3%~±12.5%.When converting into shore hardness
value(HSD), the measuring error is ±1.5%~±4.5%.
Working temperature:0—40℃
Working voltage:4.7—6.0V DC
Test direction: Arbitrary
Weight: 0.67kg (Standard disposition: hardness tester + D type impact
device)
Dimensions (L x W x H):268x86x47mm
Once charged working time: approx. 24 hours
3. Main Function
·During the test, the illumination can be turned on or shut off at any
needed time.
·Test date can be preset by the keyboard.
·Test directions and test materials can be preset by the keyboard.
·5 types of impact devices (D,DC,D+15,C,G)can be equipped.
·6 kinds of hardness(HL,HRB,HRC,HB,HV,HSD)can be converted into
each other, the hardness and tensile strength can also be converted into
each other.
·It can print out test results as many as wanted and the greater errors
6
can be canceled.
·The present test mode and measured value can be displayed by
full screen.
·Last group of measured values and all the preset parameters can
be recorded after the machine is shut off.
·Battery voltage can be tested automatically. When the working
voltage is lower than the rated value, the characters displayed
on the screen flash alarming.
4. Impact Device
The hardness tester can be equipped with 5different kinds of impact
devices. Type D is the base one and the other 4 types apply to various
special hardness tests.
·Type D impact device: Applied to most hardness tests.
·Type DC impact device: Suitable for inner hole and inner cylinder
hardness tests.
·Type D+15 impact device:Suitable of hardness test of furrow or
concave surface.
·Type C impact device: Suitable for hardness measuring of
surface-hardened parts, surface-covered layer and thin wall.
·Type G impact device : Only suitable for hardness measuring of
dense parts whose Brinell hardness is not higher than 650HB.
7
5. Specifications of impact Device
Specifications Type of Impact Device
D,DC D+15 G C
Mass of impact Body(g) 5.5 7.8 20.0 3.0
Impact Energy(N.mm) 11.0 11.0 90.0 2.7
Diameter of Impact Ball
(mm)
3.0 3.0 5.0 3.0
Diameter of Impact Device
(mm)
20.0 20.0 30.0 20.0
Length of Impact
Device(mm)
150/85 165 250 140
Materials of Impact body
top (mm)
tungsten
carbide
tungsten
carbide
tungsten
carbide
tungsten
carbide
8
6. Measurement and Conversion Range
Impact Device
D,DC
LD: 200~900
HRC HRB HB HV HSD
Steel and cast steel 17.9-68.5 59.6-99.5 80-647 80-940 32.5-99.5
Alloy Tool Steel 20.4-67.1 80-898
Gray Cast-iron 93-334
Nodular Graphite
Cast Iron
131-387
Cast Aluminium
Alloy
30-159
Pinchbeck Alloy
(Brass)
13.5-95.3 40-173
Copper-tin Alloy
(Bronze)
60-290
Pure Copper 45-315
Impact Device D+15 LD+15: 300~900
HRC HRB HB HV HSD
Steel and Cast Steel 19.3-67.9 90-638 80-937 33.3-99.3
9
Impact Device C LC: 350~950
HRC HRB HB HV HSD
Steel and Cast Steel 20.0-69.5 80-683 80-957 31.1-99.6
Impact Device G LG: 300~750
HRC HRB HB HV HSD
Steel and Cast Steel 46.4-99.2 90-646
Gray Cast-iron 92-326
Nodular Graphite Cast
Iron
127-364
NO. Materials LD B(Mpa)
1 Carbon Steel 622-720 1192-1710
2 Chromium Steel 622-736 1146-1845
3 Chrome-vanadium Steel 622-757 1165-1993
4 Chrome-nickel Steel 622-753 1142-1986
5 Chrome-molybdenum Steel 622-745 1139-1888
6 Chrome-nickel-molybdenum Steel 622-745 1171-1947
7 Chromansil Steel 622-753 1155-1971
8 Stainless Steel 622-720 1145-1725
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IV. STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION:
V. OPERATING METHOD AND NOTICES:
1. Sample Preparation
(1)Surface preparation
During preparing the surface of the sample, great care must be taken to
avoid the change of the surface hardness caused by heat or cold treatment.
During the course of processing, if the surface is too hot, the hardness of the
material will be usually lowered, on the contrary, the hardness will be higher.
The roughness of the sample surface is a very important requirement. If the
roughness is too great, the Leeb hardness values of the values of the surface
will be lower and differ too much to each other because of the surface
deforming too much and absorbing too much impact energy. So the surface of
the sample must be smooth or grinded.
(2)Curve Surface
During the test of the curve surface sample whose curvature radius R is less
11
than 30mm (Impact Device type D, DC, D+15, C) and 50mm (Impact Device
the type G), an special positioning cap is needed.
For the convenient tests of various special curve surfaces, choose the
supporting ring for different impact devices according to the following table.
NO. Model Note
1 R10-15 Measuring outside surface of cylinder
R10-R15
2 R14.5-30 Measuring outside surface of cylinder
R14.5-R30
3 ZY11-13 Measuring inside surface of cylinder
R11-R13
4 ZY12.5-17 Measuring inside surface of cylinder
R12.5-R17
5 ZY16.5-30 Measuring inside surface of cylinder
R16.5-R30
6 QR10-15 Measuring outside spherical surface
SR10-SR15
7 QR14.5-30 Measuring outside spherical surface
SR14.5-SR30
8 ZHR11-13 Measuring inside spherical surface SR11-SR13
9 ZHR12.5-17 Measuring inside spherical surface
SR12.5-SR17
10 ZHR16.5-30 Measuring inside spherical surface
SR16.5-SR30
11 TC Measuring outside surface of cylinder
Adjustable Radius
R10-∞
12
(3) Support of Test Sample
For heavy samples, support is not necessary.
For medium size , they must be absolutely steadily put on the smooth and
fixed flat surface.
For light samples, they must be coupled with the fixed supporting unit.
The coupling surface must be flat and smooth. The couplant should not
be too much and the test direction must be vertical to the coupling surface.
When testing large size samples such as large area plate, long rod, curve
piece, even the sample is fairly heavy and thick, the sample may also be
deformed causing incorrect hardness. So the back of the test position
should be supported and fixed.
(4)Sample should not be magnetic for itself
Corresponding to various impact devices, the weight and thickness of
sample surface is requested to be as follows;
Sample
Impact Device
Weight of Sample(kg) Minimum
Thickness(mm) Light Medium Heavy
Need to
be
Coupled
Need to
be
Fixed
Directly Sample Hardened
Layer
D,DC,D+15 0.05-2 2-5 >5 3 0.8
G 0.5-5 5-15 >15 10
C 0.02-0.0
5
0.5-1.5 >1.5 1 0.2
13
Corresponding to various impact devices, the surface roughness of sample is
requested to be as follows;
Type of Impact
Device
Sample Surface
Roughness Ra
Corresponding
Original National
Standard
ISO
Standard
D,DC,D+15 2um ▽6 N7
G 7um ▽4 N9
C 0.4um ▽8 N5
2. Operation Instruction:
Function area diagram of LCD screen
7 8 9 PAPER
FEED
4 5 6 LAMP
ENTER
AVERAGE
DELETE
1 2 3 SET
DATE
H
δ b
0
SENSOR DIRECTION MATERIAL
Diagram of the keyboard function
14
(1) Starting
Insert the cable plug of the Impact Device into the input receptacle, press
the power switch and the machine is turned on. After one second, if the
tester is used for the first time, the three numerals displayed in the value
display area are “000”(from right), test time area displays “0”, hardness
type area displays “HL”, test direction is. “↓”, material symbol area
displays“1”. If it is not firstly used, all the areas Display the mode of last
test. If the testing parameters that you need coincide with the present
mode, the test may be started. Otherwise, reset the parameters through
the keyboard.
(2) Set test parameter
Set test date
Press the key “SET DATE”, value display area will display“y00”, then
the year (4 numerals) may be input. After that it will display “n00”, when
the month (2 numerals) may be input. Then after the mouth, it
displays“d00” and the day (2 numerals) may be input. Now the date is set.
After the date is set, if you press the key “ SET DATE ” again, the screen
displays the mode before being set.
·Set impact direction
Set this parameter according to the actual impact direction of the
impact device when measuring.
Press the key “DIRECTION”, there are 5 impact directions to be chosen.
horizontally slantly down vertically down slantly up vertically up
→ → → ↙ → ↓ → ↖ → ↑
The set parameter will display the relevant impact direction in the
15
direction display area.
· Set hardness type and tensile strength (shorten as
“strength ”thereinafter)
Press “H/δ b” key and there will be 6 kinds of hardness and strength to be
chosen.
Leeb Brinell Vickers Rockwell C Rockwell B Shore D Strength
HL HB HV HRC HRB HSD 0b
The set parameters will display the relevant hardness and tensile strength
in the display area and the value area will show the number.
·Set material
Press the key “MATERIAL” and there are 8 kinds of materials that can
be chosen cyclically.
Material symbol area shows the symbol of the chosen material and
value display area displays the number corresponding to the chosen
material.
The materials corresponding to the material symbol are as follows:
Material
Symbol
1 2 3 4
Measuring
Hardness
Steel and
Cast Steel
Alloy Tool
Steel
Gray
Cast-iron
Nodular
Graphite
Cast Iron
Measuring
Strength
Carbon
Steel
Chromium
Steel
Chrome-
Vanadium
Steel
Chrome-
Nickel Steel
16
Material
Symbol
5 6 7 8
Measurin
g
Hardness
Cast Aluminium
Alloy
Pinchbeck
Alloy
(Brass)
Copper-tin
Alloy
(Bronze)
Pure
Copper
Measurin
g Strength
Chrome-molybdenu
m
Steel
Chrome-nickel
-
Molybdenum
Steel
Chromansi
l Steel
Stainles
s Steel
·Set impact device
Press the key“0/SENSOR” and there are 5 types of Impact Devices (D,
DC, D+15, C, G) that can be chosen cyclically.
Note: If the customer asks the tester only to be equipped with type D
impact device, the function will have been canceled before supplying.
(3) Measurement
If it is necessary, the tester may be tested by standardized test block
before using.
·Loading
Push down the loading jacket to lock the impact body.
·Positioning
Tightly press the support ring (which is at the lower part of the impact
body) on the sample surface, the distance between two testing positions
should be not less than 3mm.
·Starting
Press the release button ( which is on the top of the impact body)to
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have test. The test piece, impact device and operator should all be
steady. The apply force direction should be in line with the axis of
impact device.
·After every test, value display area will show the hardness and strength of
this test, at the same time, the number of test times will add one.
Tested value displays “E ” means that value exceeds the conversion
range and this test loses efficacy. The test times area displays without
any change. (Except for “E” which is got after converted)
(4) Check of the test result
Press the numeral key(the numeral should be no more than test times,
otherwise, the tester will have no response), the result of this test will be
displayed. The characters in the value area begin flashing and it is ready
for the result check. Press the keys “H/δ b”, “MATERIALS”, the data
conversion can be performed. If you want to delete the result that deviates
too much, press the key “AVERAGE/DELETE”. The following test
results will move forward and the total test times will reduce one. At this
time, the result check mode has been quitted. Press the key “LAMP” or
have a test and this will quit the check mode without any test results
deleted.
Note: If preset the test date and impact device under the check mode, the
check mode will be quitted too.
(5) Displaying the average value of one group of test values:
Generally, the measured value should be the average of 3~5 or even
more times of tests. However, the test times should be no more than 9,
otherwise, the former 9 test values can not be reserved.
Press the key “AVERAGE/DELETE” when it is not in the check mode,
the value display area will display the average of the hardness or strength
of this group tests and at the same time show the symbol “AVE”. After
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this, this group of test is finished.
Note: Whenever before the tester is shut off of after it is turned on, if
the average is displayed or the test times is 9, this group of test will be
over. The next test begins from the first position. If the average is not
displayed or the test times is less than 9, the next test follows the last one.
(6) Printing
Press the key “PRINT”, the printer will automatically print out every test
result and the average.
·Example1
DATE: 1999.12.20
MATERIALS: STEEL
DIRECTION:↓
=====================
NO. LD
1 815
2 811
3 809
AVE 812
Note: Test date: DEC 20,1999
Test material: Steel and cast steel
Test direction: Vertically down
Hardness: Leeb (type D impact device)
Test times: 3
Average: HLD=812
19
·Example 2
DATE:1999.12.21
MATERIAL: STEEL
DIRECTION:↓
==================
NO. LD HB
1 398 138
2 210 ***
3 508 227
AVE 372 121
Note: 1) Test date: DEC 21,1999
Test material: Steel and cast steel
Test direction: Vertically down
Hardness: Leeb ( type D impact device)
2) “***” will be displayed when printing Brinell hardness at the
second time. It is because that the leeb hardness is chosen before test and
when the test is over, press the key “H/δ b” to select Brinell Hardness, for
the Leeb hardness value exceeds conversion range, the corresponding
Brinell hardness value will be displayed as “E” and printed out as “***”.
3) If the Brinell hardness is chosen directly before test and there is no
change in other parameters, the second test is shown as “E” and will be
deleted automatically. There is no the third test result when printing and
the second test is displayed as : LD:508;HB:227
4) If the Hardness is set as “Leeb”, it only prints Leeb hardness value.
If the other hardness and strength are set, it prints both the Leeb hardness
value and the converted value. Other hardness value, strength value and
average are all converted from the Leeb hardness value and its average.
5) Press any key corresponding to “test date”, test material and “test
20
direction”, the head of the table will be reprinted next time.
Measurement of Steel and Cast Steel:
If the sample (or test block)is shaped by forging process and
the Brinell hardness
(F=30D∧2)is142 ~ 305(LD400 ~ 590),the errors of automatic
converting is greater. So the Hardness “Leeb” should be chosen.
Refer to the following table according to the average of HLD.
HLD-HB (F=30D∧2)
(8) Attached notes:
·During test, the illumination can be turned on or shut off at any time.
HLD 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
400 142 143 144 145 145 146 147 148 149 149
410 150 151 152 152 153 154 155 155 156 157
420 157 158 159 160 160 161 162 163 163 164
430 165 166 166 167 168 168 169 170 171 171
440 172 173 174 174 175 176 176 177 178 179
450 179 180 181 182 182 183 184 184 185 186
460 187 187 188 189 190 190 191 192 193 193
470 194 195 196 196 197 198 198 199 200 201
480 202 202 203 204 205 205 206 207 208 208
490 209 210 211 211 212 213 214 215 215 216
500 217 218 219 219 220 221 222 223 224 224
510 225 226 227 228 229 229 230 231 232 233
520 234 235 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242
530 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251
540 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 258 259 260
550 261 262 263 265 265 266 268 269 270 271
560 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281
570 282 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 292 293
580 294 295 296 297 299 300 301 302 302 305
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However, the illuminating time should not be too long for its depleting
too much power.
·Test date can be changed at any time during the test.
·The set hardness, strength and test material can be changed at any time
during the test and then the test values of this group will be
automatically converted according to the new parameters.
·The set impact direction can be changed at any time during the test. The
test value before changement is still the same but the one after
changement is adjusted automatically according to the new direction.
·The test result can be printed out as many as wanted and also can be
printed out at any time according to the new parameters. Every time of
printing will print out the test values and their average of this
group of tests.
·The test result can be recorded after the tester is shut off.
3. Maintenance and Repair
(1) Maintenance
·Charge the tester termly. Generally, charge the tester for 10 hours every
8~24 hours′work.
·The impact device should be periodically cleaned and checked to see
whether the release button and positioning cap are loosen and whether
the impact body and the duct are dirty. When cleaning them, firstly
remove the supporting ring, secondly bring out the impact body, then
turn a brush into the bottom of the duct counterclockwise and bring it
out. After 5~6 time of brush, reassemble the impact body and the
supporting ring.
·Release the impact body after the test is over.
·Absolutely forbid injecting any lube into the impact device.
22
·Replace print paper
Push the paper box cover outwards and remove it. After the print paper is
fit on, insert the end of the paper into the formfeed entry and press the key
“PAPER PEED”, replace the paper box cover after the end of the paper
moves out of the printer.
·Replace color bar
Remove the bolts from the tester, open the top cover and replace the
ribbon. After the ribbon is replaced, turn the knob according to the
indicating direction on the ribbon to tauten it.
·Replace battery
Open the battery cover on the back of the tester, there are four No.5
Ni-cd chargeable batteries inside. They usually can work for 3 years.
Open the cover and replace them after they are invalid.
·Check of hardness value
After every 1000~2000 measurements, the hardness tester should be
inspected for its accuracy. During inspecting, carry3 ~ 5tests on
standardized block and read off the HL values, then compare the average
HL value with the nominal value of the standardized test block. If the
measuring accuracy of the tester is within the range of allowable error,
than means the hardness tester is in normal state. If the measured values
exceeds the nominal value by±0.8%, the tester should not be used and
should be repaired.
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(2) Repair
The normal troubles can be checked and repaired according to the
following table. Please contact the manufacturer for other troubles′repair.
Trouble Cause Possible remedy
No display
display flashes
unable to charge
Battery potential is too
low
Make charge
Battery is damaged Replace battery
Fuse is broken Replace fuse
No value
displaying
Poor contact of impact
device
Clean and reassemble
Cable broken Reconnect
Too large
measuring error
Sample inadequately
prepared
Prepare sample over again
according to Section V.1(1)
Sample discrete value is
too large
Sample is not stably
supported
Support sample according to
Section V.1(3)
Wrong operation Operate according to Section
V.2(3)
The inside of the impact
device is too dirty
Clean the inside of the impact
device
Printer does not
Normally work
Shut off the tester immediately
and then restart after one
minute