OCHA Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT) TEMPEST EXPRESS 27 - Staff Planning Workshop Manila, Philippines.

OCHA Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific

Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT)TEMPEST EXPRESS 27 - Staff Planning Workshop

Manila, Philippines

United Nations Humanitarian Civil-Military Coordination (UN-CMCoord)

• To define United Nations Humanitarian Civil-Military Coordination (UN-CMCoord);

• To explain the UN-CMCoord strategies and liaison options;

• To discuss UN-CMCoord in the Asia-Pacific region.

SESSION OBJECTIVES

Part I

UN-CMCoord Definition & Key Elements

UN-CMCoord What is it?

The essential dialogue and

interaction between civilian and

military actors in humanitarian

emergencies necessary to protect

and promote humanitarian

principles, avoid competition,

minimize inconsistency,

and when appropriate pursue

common goals.

Credit: Getty Images

The key elements of successful CMCoord are: CMCoord:

How do we do it?INFORMATION SHARING

PLANNING

TASK DIVISION

UN CMCoordWHY DO WE NEED TO DO IT?Credit: WFP/Simon Crittle

Help preserve ‘humanitarian space’.

Ensure appropriate relationship

between humanitarian and

military/armed actors.

Facilitate a coherent and consistent

humanitarian approach to military

actors.

Ensure appropriate and timely use of

foreign and/or national military assets

to support humanitarian operations.

Ensure consistency of relief efforts.

UN-CMCoord Strategies and Liaison

UN-CMCOORD SPECTRUM OF STRATEGIES

Coordination

CooperationPlanningTask Division

Information Sharing

Co-existenceInformation Sharing

Task DivisionPlanning

COOPERATION COEXISTENCE

HUM

MIL

HUM

MIL

LO

LO

HUM

MIL

LO

LO

HUM

MIL

UN-CMCOORD

Co-Location Liaison Exchange Limited Liaison Interlocutor

UN-CMCoord focuses on improving the effectiveness and efficiency of the

combined efforts

UN-CMCoord focuses on minimizing competition

and de-confliction

Coordination(essential dialogue and interaction)

UN-CMCoord basic strategy ranges from Co-existence to Cooperation. In either side of the spectrum and in between, COORDINATION is necessary in order to protect and promote

humanitarian principles, avoid competition and minimize inconsistency

Peace Time Deployment Peace Keeping Peace enforcement Combat

UN-CMCoord Strategy, Methods & Structures

Liaison: Co-location

Co-location is one form of humanitarian civil-military coordination and often used in disaster response operations.

HUM

MIL

Co-Location

HAITI CASE STUDY

Joint Operations and Tasking Centre (JOTC),

established by MINUSTAH in

partnership with OCHA

HAIYAN CASE STUDY

The liaison strategy set up in Roxas for the

Haiyan response was Co-location

STRATEGY OF COOPERATION

Increasing Humanitarian Civil-Military Coordination Effectiveness

centr

aliz

ed

de-c

entr

alis

ed

co-locationliaison

H

L M

M

Civil-Military Effectiveness related to military decision-making processes and the coordination strategy aiming at maximising:

support to the effected population

support to humanitarian needs and priorities

speed of critical relief delivery and minimising:

competition

Credit: US NavyCredit: US Navy

Scope: Response to natural, technological and environmental emergencies in peacetime.

Humanitarian Principles Respect for the sovereignty of states At the request/ with the consent of the

Affected State Last Resort At no cost Complementing existing relief mechanisms Avoid becoming dependent on military resources

Principles and Concepts

Part I

UN-CMCoord Regional Perspectives

2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake

and Tsunami

2008 Cyclone Nargis

2009 Typhoon Ketsana (“Ondoy”)Typhoon Parma (“Pepeng”)

2011 Great East Japan Earthquake

and Tsunami

2013 Typhoon Haiyan

(“Yolanda”)

?

APC MADRO GUIDELINES Military in Asia-Pacific Countries: first capabilities Centrality of the Affected State Role of Regional Organizations Bilateral vs Multilateral coordination Military-Military collaboration

APC MADRO GUIDELINES

The structure of any civil-military coordination mechanism will be

dependent on the Affected State's national structure and unique

circumstances.

Any civil-military coordination center to be activated as part of an international disaster response, will support the NDMO and work under its direction.

Coordination mechanisms may be established through liaison

arrangements between a civil-military operations centre and the humanitarian community, or through the placement of

military liaison staff in humanitarian coordinating structures

(or vice-versa).

Depending on the operational context, the establishment of an integrated

Humanitarian-Military Operations Coordination Centre (HuMOCC) led by

the NDMO, might be appropriate and represent the preferred option

Humanitarian-Military Operations Coordination Centre (HuMOCC)Request for Assistance (RFA) Procedural Flow

in

COORDINATED OPERATIONAL PLANNING

Improve the speed of delivery and volume of critical assistance;

Ensure a cohesive civil-military effort in disaster relief operations with all actors understanding their role;

Build trust and understanding and create synergy between different actors;

Maximize the use of available resources for known large-scale emergencies inthe Asia-Pacific region.

Unlocking the Potential to Save Lives!!

Humanitarian Civil-Military Coordination Workshop

REC

OM

MEN

DATIO

N S

Activation of civil-military coordination mechanisms

Coordination of humanitarian and military response preparedness planning

processes and concepts of operations

Five high-priority countries Bangladesh, Indonesia, Myanmar, Nepal and the

Philippines

Regional Consultative Group on Humanitarian Civil-Military Coordination

UN-CMCoord – Asia and the Pacific

Guide for the Military, to explain the humanitarian community, how it

operates and how the military can best

interact with, support and complement

humanitarian action.

UN-CMCoord Case StudyFrom Haiyan to Hagupit

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

UN-CMCoord After Action Review

Establish a humanitarian civil-military coordination mechanism at national level

Recommendation 1

National Government Coordinating Mechanisms

• Issued regular updates thru AHA Ctr in Mla and Tacloban,

• Activated DELSA in Malaysia

• Established ICT in Tacloban

• 57 Contributing countries • 29 Countries with Military

contingents

• Deployed CMCord Officers at Nat’l and Tac Level and Log Cluster

• Created OSOCC and Process Flow for assistance/donors and log support

• Established Cord Hubs for donors and Media Coverages

AFP Coordinating Mechanism National Level

Recommendation 2

Institutionalize a humanitarian civil-military coordination capacity in domestic

and international rapid response mechanisms

Best Practices on Disaster Response AFP Level

Heightened situational awareness lead to activation of TFs, coordination with DRRMCs at all levels, prepositioning of troops and equipment;

MNCC was instrumental in identifying prioritized areas and gaps in disaster response, coordination and synchronization in distribution of relief goods and services; provided overall direction for Foreign Military Assistance.

Establishment of Logistics Hubs, in areas directly affected, facilitated delivery of relief goods and services from International organizations and other donor agencies;

34Guidance on the Use of Foreign Military and Civil Defence Assets

MCDA must

complement civilian

capabilities; Must be used for a

specific request; Must be used for

limited duration

only; Must provide unique

advantage; Must be provided at

no cost to Affected

State.

Deploy FMA with competent Liaison Officers

Recommendation 3

Co-Location

Recommendation 4

Adopt a co-location strategy (as appropriate) for humanitarian civil-military-police coordination

37Best Practice

CMCC

LGU / LGA

RDCC / NGAs

MILITARY – AFP AND PNP MULTI-NATIONAL FORCES

UN/IGO/NGO/MEDIA

Functions: Liaison and coordination for civil-military and other actors; Receive, validate and coordinate requests; Venue for information sharing; Venue: Provincial Capitol, Capiz:

Establish a simple transparent tracking system

Recommendation 5

39Tracking SystemForeign Military Assets

40

Recommendations 6

Invest in Humanitarian Civil-Military Capacity Building

Did We Learn our Lessons

Best Practices in Hagupit: Civil-Military Coordination AFP in support of Disaster Management

Offices (NDRRMC, OCD and LGU); Activation of MNCC; co-location of

Government and humanitarian actors; Enhanced preparedness: prepositioning of

AFP troops and Equipment to Eastern Visayas (SAR, Engineering and Medical Teams); prepositioning of relief goods on board naval vessels; C-130s ready to airlift goods and people;

Coordinated preparedness planning: prior coordination with Foreign Military Forces (US PACOM) and international community;

UNDAC Team deployed to Manila with dedicated UN-CMCoord Officers;

Advance designation of basing facilities for Foreign Military Assets.

• To define United Nations Humanitarian Civil-Military Coordination (UN-CMCoord);

• To explain the UN-CMCoord strategies and liaison options;

• To discuss UN-CMCoord in the Asia-Pacific region.

SESSION OBJECTIVES

Thank you