OCEAN ZONES - scienceeais.files.wordpress.com · 3/11/2018 · OCEAN ZONES 1. Intertidal Zone 2. Near-Shore Zone 3. Open-Ocean Zone. video.png

OCEAN ZONES

1. Intertidal Zone

2. Near-Shore Zone

3. Open-Ocean Zone

11.4 videos/Ocean Zones.mp4

Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?

Where the Ocean Meets the Land (Place)

Intertidal Zone

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

• The intertidal zoneis the area between the high- and low-tide lines.

• At high tide, the area is completely under water, while at low tide, the area is exposed to air.



• Intertidal habitats depend on land features at the shore.

For instance, 1. low parts of rocky cliffs

might have plants that can survive out of water during low tide.

2. Sandy beaches hide crabs and clams that burrow under sand to await the rising tide.

Where the Ocean Meets the Land (Habitats)

Intertidal Zone



3. River inlets branch into marshes and mud flats full of grasses with mollusks at their roots.


Intertidal Zone



4. Tide pools may contain crabs, small shrimp, sea anemones, sea stars, sea cucumbers, snails, and a variety of small plants.

• These organisms are sheltered from large fish at high tide because of crashing waves, but are in danger of being eaten by birds at low tide.


Intertidal Zone



Where the Ocean Meets the LandIntertidal Zone



Where the Ocean Meets the Land


The Richness of the Reef


The Near-Shore Zone

11.4 videos/3. Ocean Floors Life in the Neritic and Transition Zones.mp4




• The near-shore zone is home to many species of fish, jellyfish, and seaweed & corals.

The Near-Shore Zone




• Coral individuals, called polyps, live in colonies.

• Polyps produce hard exoskeletons attached to those of their neighbors.

The Near-Shore Zone



• Coral reefs are the branch-like structures built by colonies of coral polyps.

• The branched reefs provide habitats for many organisms, which form a complex community and food web.

The Near-Shore Zone



Ocean Zones



The Open-Ocean Zone


The Wide and the Deep


• Animals at the surface in the open ocean are much like those living near shore.

• Fish, sea turtles, and whales move between near-shore and open ocean zones.

The Open-Ocean Zone

11.4 videos/The Three Ocean Zones.mp4



Ocean Zones



• As you move deeper in the ocean, light decreases, pressure increases, and temperature drops.

• Organisms, such as squid, that live in those extreme conditions are very different from those that live near the surface.

The Open-Ocean Zone



• Communities of shrimp, crabs, tubeworms, slugs, and even fish form around hydrothermal vents, volcanic spots on the ocean floor.

• Bacteria there eat dissolved chemicals in the heated water.

The Open-Ocean Zone

11.4 videos/under water vents and volcanoes.wmv



• The bacteria start the food chain for larger organisms.



The Open-Ocean Zone




The Most Important Organism You Never See


• Plankton are microscopic, drifting organisms that inhabit the wide open ocean.

• Plankton reproduce in such massive numbers that they form clouds in the water visible from space.

11.4 videos/The Power of Plankton.mp4




• Plankton aren’t a single species. They are a group that includes plantlike organisms, animal-like organisms, and bacteria.




• Plantlike plankton make their food through photosynthesis, which releases oxygen back into the atmosphere, enabling us to breathe.

• Animal-like plankton feed on other plankton.




• Large and small animals filter plankton from the water as their food. Smaller fish, in turn, become food for bigger predators.











OCEAN ZONES - scienceeais.files.wordpress.com · 3/11/2018 · OCEAN ZONES 1. Intertidal Zone 2. Near-Shore Zone 3. Open-Ocean Zone. video.png

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