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Ocean Waves and Tides
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Ocean Waves and Tides

Mar 23, 2016

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Ocean Waves and Tides. Waves. A Wave is a rhythmic movement that carries energy through matter or space. In oceans, waves move through seawater. Waves. Caused by : Wind Earthquakes Gravitational force of the Moon and Sun. Parts of a Wave. Crest – highest point of a wave - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Page 1: Ocean Waves and Tides

Ocean Waves and Tides

Page 2: Ocean Waves and Tides

Waves

• A Wave is a rhythmic movement that carries energy through matter or space.

• In oceans, waves move through seawater

Page 3: Ocean Waves and Tides

Waves

Caused by:• Wind• Earthquakes• Gravitational force of the

Moon and Sun.

Page 4: Ocean Waves and Tides

Parts of a Wave• Crest – highest point of a wave• Trough – lowest point of a wave• Wave Height – vertical distance

between the crest and the trough• Wavelength – horizontal distance

between two crests or two troughs

Page 5: Ocean Waves and Tides

Wavelength

Wave Height

Crest

Trough

Still Water

Wave Parts

Page 6: Ocean Waves and Tides

Wave Movement

• When a wave passes through the ocean, individual water molecules move up and down but they do not move forward or backward.

Page 7: Ocean Waves and Tides
Page 8: Ocean Waves and Tides

Wave Movement

• When a wave breaks against the shore, the crest outruns the trough and the crest collapses.

• Called a breaker.• In this case, water does move

forward and backward.

Page 9: Ocean Waves and Tides
Page 10: Ocean Waves and Tides

Waves Caused by Wind• When wind blows across a

body of water, friction causes the water to move along with the wind.

• Wave Height depends on – –Wind speed–Distance over which the wind blows

–Length of time the wind blows

Page 11: Ocean Waves and Tides
Page 12: Ocean Waves and Tides
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Tides• The rise and fall in sea level is

called a tide.• One low-tide/high-tide cycle

takes about 12 hrs and 25 min.• Tidal range is the difference in

ocean level between high-tide and low-tide

Page 15: Ocean Waves and Tides

The gravitational forces of the moon and sun on the water causes the tides..

The moon, being nearest, has the greatest effect even though the sun is the larger of the two.

High tides are generated on the sides of the Earth nearest to and farthest from the moon

What causes tides?

Page 16: Ocean Waves and Tides

Gravitational Effect of the Moon

• Two big bulges of water form on the Earth:–one directly under the moon –another on the exact opposite side

• As the Earth spins, the bulges follow the moon.

Page 17: Ocean Waves and Tides

During new and full moon phases the moon, sun, and Earth are aligned causing a greater gravitational pull on the Earth.

This results in higher high tides and lower low tides.

Page 18: Ocean Waves and Tides

Gravitational Effect of the Sun

• Spring Tides–Earth, Moon, and Sun are lined up

–High Tides are higher and Low Tides are lower than normal

Page 19: Ocean Waves and Tides
Page 20: Ocean Waves and Tides

Gravitational Effect of the Sun• Neap Tides

–Earth, Moon, and Sun form right angles

–High Tides are lower and Low Tides are higher than normal

Page 21: Ocean Waves and Tides
Page 22: Ocean Waves and Tides

Ocean Currents

Page 23: Ocean Waves and Tides

Arctic Ocean

Pacific Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

Indian Ocean

Page 24: Ocean Waves and Tides

The End