Ocean Energy Conversion escribes all forms of enewable energy derived from he sea •wave energy •tidal energy •ocean current energy •salinity gradient energy •ocean th erma l gr adie nt energy
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Ocean Energy Conversion
escribes all forms of enewable energy derived from
he sea
•wave energy•tidal energy•ocean current energy•salinity gradient energy
•ocean thermal gradientenergy
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Ocean Energy Conversion
• – .ides 0 03 TW
• –ave 1 to 10 TW
• – .arine Current 5 0 TW
• – .alinity 2 6 TW
• - .hermal Gradient 2 0 TW
•
. %Only 0 1 of the total energy possessed by the ocean
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TIDES
Ø ,he relative motions of the moon arth and sun allows he ocean
urface to be raised and lowered in n equal ime intervals based on he number of interacting .ycles
Ø
ØØØ aused by the rotation of the
arth within the ravitational ields of the moon and the sun
Ø
Ø•
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TIDES
-alf Day Cycle
aused by the gravitational field of themoon
esults to a period of 12 hours and 25 inutes between successive high waters
-4 Day Cycle
aused by the superposition of the ravitational fields of the moon and the sun
•
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TIDAL ENERGY
-Tidal energy is energy that could be obtained
. ,from the changing sea levels In other words tidal energy is a direct result of tide.shifting from low to high
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TIDAL ENERGY CONVERSION
v imilar to a conventional hydroelectric power plant
v nvolves a dam across an estuary
v .idal range above 5 meters
v ,nvolves the use of prefabricated caissons made of
oncrete and steel
v enerates power through turbogenerators or sluices
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TIDAL ENERGY CONVERSION
b b g e n e r a t i o n
• from the basin to the sea
l o o d g e n e r a t i o n
• from the sea to the basin
-w o w a y g e n e r a t i o n
• ,from sea to basin from basin to sea
*VIDEO 1
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WAVES
caused by the wind blowing over the surface of the ocean
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WAVE ENERGY CONVERSION
, ,Includes technologies existing and experimental/ that harvest energy from ocean sea waves
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WAVE ENERGY CONVERSION
A t t e n u a t o r s
v ong multisegment floating structures
v ove parallel to the direction of the waves
v he variation of heights of the waves
auses motion to the ength of the device
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WAVE ENERGY CONVERSION
The PELAMIS WEC*video 2
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WAVE ENERGY CONVERSION
v e r t o p p i n g d e v i c e s
v eservoirs are created to collect the aters brought by ncoming waves
v he force of gravity pushes the water down funnel
v he flow of this water going back to the cean will cause a orque of the turbine
hich is coupled to an electric generator
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WAVE ENERGY CONVERSION
Overtopping WEC
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WAVE ENERGY CONVERSION
u o y t y p e
v arnesses wave energy from all directions t a fixed position
v deal locations would be at areas where
ave heights are high
v sealed tube with a cavity filled ither with air or water
v he cavity decompresses or compresses
elative to the ’ave s height
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WAVE ENERGY CONVERSION
Buoy type WEC
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WAVE ENERGY CONVERSION
Oscillating water column device
v perates in the same way as the wind turbine
vv closed chamber is placed just close to
he shore where great waves could reachvv he difference in the height of water
nside the chamber brought about by the
ncoming wave causes the air pressure to varyvv turbine is placed on top of the chamber
hich is its only opening
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WAVE ENERGY CONVERSION
scillating Water Column Device
*video 3
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TIDAL CURRENT
h e m o v e m e n t o f t h e s e a w a t e r c a u s e d b y
t i d e s
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CURRENT ENERGY
CONVERSIONv arvests in the same way as a wind turbine
does
v -his is through the use of open flow rotors
v ,s the current strike the rotor blade it
rives the rotor to .otate
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CURRENT ENERGY
CONVERSION
y d r o o c e a n c u r r e n t g e n e r a t o r
* video 4
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OCEAN THERMAL GRADIENT ENERGY
e n e r a t e d b y t h e d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n c o o l e r e e p a n d w a r m e r s h a l l o w o r s u r f a c e o c e a n
w a t e r s
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OCEAN THERMAL ENERGYCONVERSION
v ’akes use of ocean s natural thermalgradientvv he difference in the temperature
-rives a power roducing cycle
vv ,t normal conditions the surface and
ottom water are °eparated by about 20 C( ° )6 Fvv ,deal in tropical coastal areas roughly
long the equator
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OCEAN THERMAL ENERGYCONVERSION
-p e n C y c l e O T E C
v utilize the surface water to rotate the
turbine vv heat exchanger system is used where the
surface water - is placed on a low pressure container
vv Steam generated rotates the turbine
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OCEAN THERMAL ENERGYCONVERSION
Open Cycle OTEC
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OCEAN THERMAL ENERGYCONVERSION
v ,nstead of water fluids with ower boiling points ike ammonia are
sed to produce steamvv he temperature of the surface
ater is enough o vaporize the- -ow boiling point fluid
vv he water on the ocean floor is
sed to ondense vapor
l o s e d C y c l eO T E C
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OCEAN THERMAL ENERGYCONVERSION
CLOSED CYCLE OTEC
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OCEAN THERMAL ENERGYCONVERSION
y b r i d O T E C
•• u r f a c e w a t e r i s f l a s h
v a p o r a t e d t o b o i l t h e
-o w b o i l i n g p o i n t f l u i d
* video 5
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SALINITY GRADIENT
h e n a f r e s h w a t e r f r o m s t r e a m s
n d r i v e r s m i x e s w i t h t h e
a l t w a t e r f r o m t h e s e a
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SALINITY GRADIENT ENERGYCONVERSION
e v e r s e d e l e c t r o d i a l y s i s
resh water and salt solution are stacked into lternating cathode and anode exchange membranes
he difference in the ion concentration of the reshwater and seawater produces chemical
otential difference over each membrane
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Reversed electrodialysis
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SALINITY GRADIENT ENERGYCONVERSION
r e s s u r e R e t a r d e d O s m o s i s
nergy from the pressure difference between eawater and freshwater
eawater is collected into a pressure hamber
semi permeable membrane is used to let the resh water move and eventually increase the olume in the chamber
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Pressure retarded osmosis
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Ocean Energy in the Philippines
- ( )10 megawatt Cabangan ocean energy thermal conversion Otec project in Zambales
- ( )100 megawatt MW ocean thermal energy resource potential in San,Jose Antique
, ,theoretical capacity of 170 000 megawatts over a 1 000 square kilometer ocean resource area
, , , , ,Laoag Zambales Mindoro Isabela Panay Negros and parts of Mindanao, , , , ,Camarines Northeastern Samar Surigao Batan Island Catanduanes, , , ,Tacloban San Bernardino Strait Babuyan Island Ilocos Norte
.Siargao Island and Davao Oriental existing study on tidal current systems in the Hinatuan Passage in
Surigao and San Bernardino Strait- (Philippines 22 24 1
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“The Philippines is one of the premier locations withinthe world for our technology due to the extremethermal difference between the warm surface water
and the deeper cold water… and we have a deep shelf here in the Philippines, …“We feel that the oceanshere are the oil of the Philippines and so we hope tolocate them… to help reduce the cost of energy and
that’s our goal over the next several years”.
,Derek Murray VP of the parent.company Deep Ocean Power Inc