Objectives Examine Russia’s isolation from W.ern Europe Discuss Peter’s goals for Russia.

Objectives

• Examine Russia’s isolation from W.ern Europe

• Discuss Peter’s goals for Russia

Russia before Peter

• Serfdom (just like Feudalism)– Unlike W.ern Europe Russia

still has

• Ruled by Boyars– nobles

Russia before Peter• Isolated

– Russia part of Eastern Orthodox Church• not RC

– Russia ruled by the Mongols• cut off from Europe

– Only seaport was Archangel

Peter the man• Large man 6’8’’

• 1st part reign– Traveled W.ern Europe

• In disguise

• Had 2 major goals for Russia1. Modernize Russia

2. Get warm H2O seaport

Peter increases his power

• Became head of Russian Church– What other King that we learned about was

head of his countries church?

• Decreased Boyars power– not appointing them to high offices in gov’t.

• Created full-time standing army– modeled after European countries

• Greatly increased taxes

Peter modernizes Russia“Westernized”

• Increased the status of Women – Allowed women to be seen in public without veils

• Changed the calendar – Got rid of the Russian calendar and adopted the

Julian calendar

• Advanced education– School for arts and sciences– navigation

Peter modernizes Russia

• Brought potatoes from western Europe

• Brought back the ideas of Mercantilism

• Created the first Russian Newspaper

• Changed the culture as well – Made men shave their beards and wear shorter coats

Expansion for a warm water port

• 1st attempt – Get Azov on the Black Sea– Problem – owned by the

Turks– Solution – attack them

and take it – Outcome – Russians get

it for several years than the Turks take it back

Expansion for a warm water port• 2nd attempt: Get access to

Baltic Sea– Problem: owned by the Swedes

– Solution: attack them and take it

– Outcome: Russians win, in 1721 Russians get a piece of land on the Baltic Sea

– Drained the swamp at the mouth of the Neva River• built the town of St. Petersburg

EnglishConstitutionalMonarchy

BackgroundAbsolute to Constitutional

Monarchy

(1215-1603)

Magna Carta - 1215

a King John I

Forced to accept.

List of demands made by nobility.

a limited the power of the king: Established basic legal rights.

King must ask for consent to tax.

Accused must have jury trial.

Model Parliament, 1295a King Edward I

Created a parliament

Of military leaders & nobility (whose not included?)

Ask their consent for new taxes

a Established the principle “power of the purse”.

a Radical new idea - any monarch to ask for anything!

The Elizabethan “Bargain”

Parliament: Would have the power to tax.

The Monarch: Had the royal power on foreign

policy.