1 Objective Structured Clinical Exams Robert W. Loney & Blaine Cleghorn Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University 1. Symposium: Improving clinical performance assessment: a multi-institutional trial of the OSCE (objective structured clinical examination). Res Med Educ 1987;26:267-274. 2. Abe S, Kawada E. Development of computer-based OSCE re-examination system for minimizing inter-examiner discrepancy. Bull Tokyo Dent Coll 2008;49:1-6. 3. Abo-Bakr AM. What makes OSCE a good adjunct to the conventional methods of assessing clinical competence? Ann Saudi Med 1991;11:87-89. 4. Aeder L, Altshuler L, Kachur E, Barrett S, Hilfer A, Koepfer S, et al. The "Culture OSCE"--introducing a formative assessment into a postgraduate program. Educ Health (Abingdon) 2007;20:11. 5. Ahmady AE, Yazdani S, Valian A, Amiri Z, Mortazavi F, Lando HA. Psychometric properties of a farsi version of the authentic assessment perception questionnaire. Oral Health Dent Manag 2013;12:284-288. 6. Ainsworth MA, Callaway MR, Perkowski L. An OSCE assessment of fourth-year students. Acad Med 1995;70:444-445. 7. Allen R, Heard J, Savidge M. Global ratings versus checklist scoring in an OSCE. Acad Med 1998;73:597-598. 8. Allen R, Heard J, Savidge M, Bittergle J, Cantrell M, Huffmaster T. Surveying Students' Attitudes During the OSCE. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 1998;3:197-206. 9. Altshuler L, Kachur E. A culture OSCE: teaching residents to bridge different worlds. Acad Med 2001;76:514. 10. Amiel GE, Ungar L, Alperin M. Using an OSCE to assess primary care physicians' competence in breaking bad news. Acad Med 2000;75:560-561. 11. Ananthakrishnan N. Objective structured clinical/practical examination (OSCE/OSPE). J Postgrad Med 1993;39:82-84. 12. Anderson M, Stickley T. Finding reality: the use of objective structured clinical
25
Embed
Objective Structured Clinical Exams Robert W. Loney ...69.59.162.218/ADEA2014/TLCD-056.692_2.pdfphysicians' competence in breaking bad news. Acad Med 2000; ... The use of the Objective
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
1
Objective Structured Clinical Exams Robert W. Loney & Blaine Cleghorn
Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University 1. Symposium: Improving clinical performance assessment: a multi-institutional trial
of the OSCE (objective structured clinical examination). Res Med Educ 1987;26:267-274.
2. Abe S, Kawada E. Development of computer-based OSCE re-examination
system for minimizing inter-examiner discrepancy. Bull Tokyo Dent Coll 2008;49:1-6.
3. Abo-Bakr AM. What makes OSCE a good adjunct to the conventional methods of
assessing clinical competence? Ann Saudi Med 1991;11:87-89. 4. Aeder L, Altshuler L, Kachur E, Barrett S, Hilfer A, Koepfer S, et al. The "Culture
OSCE"--introducing a formative assessment into a postgraduate program. Educ Health (Abingdon) 2007;20:11.
5. Ahmady AE, Yazdani S, Valian A, Amiri Z, Mortazavi F, Lando HA. Psychometric
properties of a farsi version of the authentic assessment perception questionnaire. Oral Health Dent Manag 2013;12:284-288.
6. Ainsworth MA, Callaway MR, Perkowski L. An OSCE assessment of fourth-year
students. Acad Med 1995;70:444-445. 7. Allen R, Heard J, Savidge M. Global ratings versus checklist scoring in an OSCE.
Acad Med 1998;73:597-598. 8. Allen R, Heard J, Savidge M, Bittergle J, Cantrell M, Huffmaster T. Surveying
Students' Attitudes During the OSCE. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 1998;3:197-206.
9. Altshuler L, Kachur E. A culture OSCE: teaching residents to bridge different
worlds. Acad Med 2001;76:514. 10. Amiel GE, Ungar L, Alperin M. Using an OSCE to assess primary care
physicians' competence in breaking bad news. Acad Med 2000;75:560-561. 11. Ananthakrishnan N. Objective structured clinical/practical examination
(OSCE/OSPE). J Postgrad Med 1993;39:82-84. 12. Anderson M, Stickley T. Finding reality: the use of objective structured clinical
2
examination (OSCE) in the assessment of mental health nursing students interpersonal skills. Nurse Educ Pract 2002;2:160-168.
13. Arnold RC, Walmsley AD. The use of the OSCE in postgraduate education. Eur J
Dent Educ 2008;12:126-130. 14. Aso R, Yoshimura A, Shimura T, Takayanagi K, Iino Y, Kobayashi Y, et al.
Special training course for simulated patients who participated in the advanced OSCE at Nippon Medical School. J Nippon Med Sch 2008;75:46-47.
15. Auewarakul C, Downing SM, Praditsuwan R, Jaturatamrong U. Item analysis to
improve reliability for an internal medicine undergraduate OSCE. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 2005;10:105-113.
16. Awaisu A, Abd Rahman NS, Nik Mohamed MH, Bux Rahman Bux SH, Mohamed
Nazar NI. Malaysian pharmacy students' assessment of an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). Am J Pharm Educ 2010;74:34.
17. Bang JB, Choi KK. Correlation between clinical clerkship achievement and
objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) scores of graduating dental students on conservative dentistry. Restor Dent Endod 2013;38:79-84.
18. Bark H, Shahar R. The use of the Objective Structured Clinical Examination
(OSCE) in small-animal internal medicine and surgery. J Vet Med Educ 2006;33:588-592.
19. Barman A. Critiques on the Objective Structured Clinical Examination. Ann Acad
Med Singapore 2005;34:478-482. 20. Barry M, Bradshaw C, Noonan M. Improving the content and face validity of
OSCE assessment marking criteria on an undergraduate midwifery programme: a quality initiative. Nurse Educ Pract 2013;13:477-480.
21. Bartfay WJ, Rombough R, Howse E, Leblanc R. Evaluation. The OSCE approach
in nursing education. Can Nurse 2004;100:18-23. 22. Bartman I, Smee S, Roy M. A method for identifying extreme OSCE examiners.
Clin Teach 2013;10:27-31. 23. Ben-David MF. Life beyond OSCE. Med Teach 2003;25:239-240. 24. Benbow EW, Harrison I, Dornan TL, O'Neill PA. Pathology and the OSCE:
insights from pilot study. J Pathol 1998;184:110-114.
3
25. Bennett V, Furmedge D. The hidden value of a mock OSCE. Clin Teach 2013;10:407-408.
India 2006;97:14-16. 27. Blaskiewicz RJ, Park RS, Chibnall JT, Powell JK. The influence of testing context
and clinical rotation order on students' OSCE performance. Acad Med 2004;79:597-601.
28. Bleakley A. 'Good' and 'Poor' communication in an OSCE: education or training?
Med Educ 2003;37:186-187. 29. Boone WJ, McWhorter AG, Seale NS. Purposeful assessment techniques (PAT)
applied to an OSCE-based measurement of competencies in a pediatric dentistry curriculum. J Dent Educ 2001;65:1232-1237.
30. Bouhuijs PA, van der Vleuten CP, van Luyk SJ. The OSCE as a part of a
systematic skills training approach. Med Teach 1987;9:183-191. 31. Bradley P, Humphris G. Assessing the ability of medical students to apply
evidence in practice: the potential of the OSCE. Med Educ 1999;33:815-817. 32. Brailovsky CA, Grand'Maison P. Using Evidence to Improve Evaluation: A
Comprehensive Psychometric Assessment of a SP-Based OSCE Licensing Examination. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 2000;5:207-219.
33. Brand HS, Schoonheim-Klein M. Is the OSCE more stressful? Examination
anxiety and its consequences in different assessment methods in dental education. Eur J Dent Educ 2009;13:147-153.
34. Brannick MT. Metacognition, OSCE performance anxiety and OSCE performance.
Med Educ 2013;47:540-542. 35. Brannick MT, Erol-Korkmaz HT, Prewett M. A systematic review of the reliability
of objective structured clinical examination scores. Med Educ 2011;45:1181-1189. 36. Brazeau C, Boyd L, Crosson J. Changing an existing OSCE to a teaching tool:
the making of a teaching OSCE. Acad Med 2002;77:932. 37. Brosnan M, Evans W, Brosnan E, Brown G. Implementing objective structured
clinical skills evaluation (OSCE) in nurse registration programmes in a centre in Ireland: a utilisation focused evaluation. Nurse Educ Today 2006;26:115-122.
4
38. Brown G, Manogue M, Martin M. The validity and reliability of an OSCE in dentistry. Eur J Dent Educ 1999;3:117-125.
39. Browne G, Bjelogrlic P, Issberner J, Jackson C. Undergraduate student
assessors in a formative OSCE station. Med Teach 2013;35:170-171. 40. Burgess A, Clark T, Chapman R, Mellis C. Senior medical students as peer
examiners in an OSCE. Med Teach 2013;35:58-62. 41. Burgess A, Clark T, Chapman R, Mellis C. Medical student experience as
simulated patients in the OSCE. Clin Teach 2013;10:246-250. 42. Cannick GF, Horowitz AM, Garr DR, Reed SG, Neville BW, Day TA, et al. Use of
the OSCE to evaluate brief communication skills training for dental students. J Dent Educ 2007;71:1203-1209.
43. Chabeli MM. Nurse educators' perceptions of OSCE as a clinical evaluation
method. Curationis 2001;24:84-92. 44. Chan CY. Is OSCE valid for evaluation of the six ACGME general competencies?
J Chin Med Assoc 2011;74:193-194. 45. Chesser A, Cameron H, Evans P, Cleland J, Boursicot K, Mires G. Sources of
variation in performance on a shared OSCE station across four UK medical schools. Med Educ 2009;43:526-532.
analysis can be a useful standard setting tool in a high stakes OSCE assessment. Med Educ 2004;38:825-831.
47. Chipman JG, Beilman GJ, Schmitz CC, Seatter SC. Development and pilot
testing of an OSCE for difficult conversations in surgical intensive care. J Surg Educ 2007;64:79-87.
48. Chumley HS. What does an OSCE checklist measure? Fam Med 2008;40:589-
591. 49. Cohen R, Rothman AI, Ross J, Poldre P. Validating an objective structured
clinical examination (OSCE) as a method for selecting foreign medical graduates for a pre-internship program. Acad Med 1991;66:S67-69.
50. Collins LG, Schrimmer A, Diamond J, Burke J. Evaluating verbal and non-verbal
communication skills, in an ethnogeriatric OSCE. Patient Educ Couns 2011;83:158-162.
5
51. Coovadia HM, Moosa A. A comparison of traditional assessment with the
objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). S Afr Med J 1985;67:810-812. 52. Courteille O, Bergin R, Stockeld D, Ponzer S, Fors U. The use of a virtual patient
case in an OSCE-based exam--a pilot study. Med Teach 2008;30:e66-76. 53. Cunnington JP, Neville AJ, Norman GR. The risks of thoroughness: Reliability
and validity of global ratings and checklists in an OSCE. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 1996;1:227-233.
54. Cusimano MD, Cohen R, Tucker W, Murnaghan J, Kodama R, Reznick R. A
comparative analysis of the costs of administration of an OSCE (objective structured clinical examination). Acad Med 1994;69:571-576.
55. Cusimano MD, Rothman A, Keystone J. Defining standards of competent
performance on an OSCE. Acad Med 1998;73:S112-113. 56. Dadgar SR, Saleh A, Bahador H, Baradaran HR. OSCE as a tool for evaluation
of practical semiology in comparison to MCQ & oral examination. J Pak Med Assoc 2008;58:506-507.
57. Daniels VJ, Bordage G, Gierl MJ, Yudkowsky R. Effect of clinically discriminating,
evidence-based checklist items on the reliability of scores from an Internal Medicine residency OSCE. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 2014;
58. Daud-Gallotti R, Tiberio Ide F. Assessing patient safety competencies during
clerkship: a new experience with OSCE. Med Teach 2010;32:90-91. 59. Dauphinee WD, Blackmore DE, Smee S, Rothman AI, Reznick R. Using the
Judgments of Physician Examiners in Setting the Standards for a National Multi-center High Stakes OSCE. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 1997;2:201-211.
60. Davis GC. The Hodges psychiatry OSCE guide and emerging trends in
assessment. Acad Psychiatry 2002;26:184-186. 61. Davis MH. OSCE: the Dundee experience. Med Teach 2003;25:255-261. 62. Davis MH, Ponnamperuma GG, McAleer S, Dale VH. The Objective Structured
Clinical Examination (OSCE) as a determinant of veterinary clinical skills. J Vet Med Educ 2006;33:578-587.
63. DeMuth R, Phillips J, Wagner D. An OSCE remediation experience focused on
diagnostic reasoning. Med Teach 2011;33:592-593.
6
64. Des Marchais JE. OSCE means 'Scotland' in French. Med Teach 2002;24:449. 65. Doig CJ, Harasym PH, Fick GH, Baumber JS. The effects of examiner
background, station organization, and time of exam on OSCE scores assessing undergraduate medical students' physical examination skills. Acad Med 2000;75:S96-98.
66. Dong T, Saguil A, Artino AR, Jr., Gilliland WR, Waechter DM, Lopreaito J, et al.
Relationship between OSCE scores and other typical medical school performance indicators: a 5-year cohort study. Mil Med 2012;177:44-46.
67. Dory V, Gagnon R, De Foy T, Duyver C, Leconte S. A novel assessment of an
evidence-based practice course using an authentic assignment. Med Teach 2010;32:e65-70.
68. Eberhard L, Hassel A, Baumer A, Becker F, Beck-Mubotter J, Bomicke W, et al.
Analysis of quality and feasibility of an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) in preclinical dental education. Eur J Dent Educ 2011;15:172-178.
69. El-Khoury LH, Saab B, Musharrafieh U, Antoun J. Impact of a 3-day OSCE
workshop on Iraqi physicians. Fam Med 2012;44:627-632. 70. Elder WG, Jr., Dassow PL, Bruckner GG, Stratton TD. Impact of two types of
Internet-based information on medical students' performance in an Objective Structured Clinical Exam (OSCE). Patient Educ Couns 2009;76:5-9.
71. Elzubeir MA, Rizk DE. Assessing confidence and competence of senior medical
students in an obstetrics and gynaecology clerkship using an OSCE. Educ Health (Abingdon) 2001;14:373-382.
72. Eva KW, Rosenfeld J, Reiter HI, Norman GR. An admissions OSCE: the multiple
mini-interview. Med Educ 2004;38:314-326. 73. Fitzpatrick CF, Radecki SE. Use of the OSCE in residency training. Fam Med
1994;26:5-6, 49. 74. Fliegel JE, Frohna JG, Mangrulkar RS. A computer-based OSCE station to
measure competence in evidence-based medicine skills in medical students. Acad Med 2002;77:1157-1158.
75. Franklin P. How to ensure you pass an OSCE. Nurs Times 2005;101:76-77. 76. Frohna JG, Gruppen LD, Fliegel JE, Mangrulkar RS. Development of an
7
evaluation of medical student competence in evidence-based medicine using a computer-based OSCE station. Teach Learn Med 2006;18:267-272.
77. Frost GJ, Cater JI, Forsyth JS. The use of the Objective Structured Clinical
Examination (OSCE) in paediatrics. Med Teach 1986;8:261-269. 78. Frye AW, Richards BF, Philp EB, Philp JR. Is it worth it? A look at the costs and
benefits of an OSCE for second-year medical students. Med Teach 1989;11:291-293.
79. Fuller R, Homer M, Pell G. Longitudinal interrelationships of OSCE station level
analyses, quality improvement and overall reliability. Med Teach 2013;35:515-517.
80. Fuller R, Pell G, Homer M, Roberts T. Comments on 'a systematic review of the
reliability of objective structured clinical examination scores'. Med Educ 2012;46:337.
81. Furlong E, Fox P, Lavin M, Collins R. Oncology nursing students' views of a
modified OSCE. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2005;9:351-359. 82. Garde PM. Evaluation of the OSCE in the primary health care situation.
Curationis 1984;7:36-37. 83. Gaufberg E, Fitzpatrick A. The favour: a professional boundaries OSCE station.
Med Educ 2008;42:529-530. 84. Gerrow JD, Murphy HJ, Boyd MA, Scott DA. Concurrent validity of written and
OSCE components of the Canadian dental certification examinations. J Dent Educ 2003;67:896-901.
85. Gledhill RF, Capatos D. Factors affecting the reliability of an objective structured
clinical examination (OSCE) test in neurology. S Afr Med J 1985;67:463-467. 86. Goisman RM, Levin RM, Krupat E, Pelletier SR, Alpert JE. Psychiatric OSCE
performance of students with and without a previous core psychiatry clerkship. Acad Psychiatry 2010;34:141-144.
87. Gormley G, Sterling M, Menary A, McKeown G. Keeping it real! Enhancing
realism in standardised patient OSCE stations. Clin Teach 2012;9:382-386. 88. Gormley GJ, Johnston J, Thomson C, McGlade K. Awarding global grades in
OSCEs: evaluation of a novel eLearning resource for OSCE examiners. Med Teach 2012;34:587-589.
8
89. Govindan VK. Enhancing communication skills using an OSCE and peer review.
Med Educ 2008;42:535-536. 90. Goyal R. Examination reform: not only OSCE but reform selection of teachers
also. Indian Pediatr 1998;35:185-186. 91. Graham R, Zubiaurre Bitzer LA, Anderson OR. Reliability and predictive validity
of a comprehensive preclinical OSCE in dental education. J Dent Educ 2013;77:161-167.
92. Grand'Maison P, Blouin D, Briere D. Utilization of the objective structured clinical
examination (OSCE) in gynecology/obstetrics. Res Med Educ 1985;24:65-70. 93. Grand'Maison P, Brailovsky CA, Lescop J. Content validity of the Quebec
licensing examination (OSCE). Assessed by practising physicians. Can Fam Physician 1996;42:254-259.
94. Green AR, Miller E, Krupat E, White A, Taylor WC, Hirsh DA, et al. Designing
and implementing a cultural competence OSCE: lessons learned from interviews with medical students. Ethn Dis 2007;17:344-350.
95. Griesser MJ, Beran MC, Flanigan DC, Quackenbush M, Van Hoff C, Bishop JY.
Implementation of an objective structured clinical exam (OSCE) into orthopedic surgery residency training. J Surg Educ 2012;69:180-189.
96. Gupta P, Dewan P, Singh T. Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE)
Revisited. Indian Pediatr 2010;47:911-920. 97. Hall-Turner WJ. An experimental assessment carried out in an undergraduate
general practice teaching course (OSCE examination). Med Educ 1983;17:112-119.
98. Hamann C, Volkan K, Fishman MB, Silvestri RC, Simon SR, Fletcher SW. How
well do second-year students learn physical diagnosis? Observational study of an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). BMC Med Educ 2002;2:1.
99. Hammad M, Oweis Y, Taha S, Hattar S, Madarati A, Kadim F. Students' opinions
and attitudes after performing a dental OSCE for the first time: a Jordanian experience. J Dent Educ 2013;77:99-104.
100. Hanson M, Hodges B, McNaughton N, Regehr G. The integration of child
psychiatry into a psychiatry clerkship OSCE. Can J Psychiatry 1998;43:614-618.
9
101. Harden RM. What is an OSCE? Med Teach 1988;10:19-22. 102. Harden RM. Twelve tips for organizing an Objective Structured Clinical
Examination (OSCE). Med Teach 1990;12:259-264. 103. Harden RM. Twelve tips for organizing an Objective Structured Clinical
Examination (OSCE). Med Teach 1990;12:259-264. 104. Harden RM, Gleeson FA. Assessment of clinical competence using an objective
structured clinical examination (OSCE). Med Educ 1979;13:41-54. 105. Harden RM, Gleeson FA. Assessment of clinical competence using an objective
structured clinical examination (OSCE). Med Educ 1979;13:41-54. 106. Harden RM, Stevenson M, Downie WW, Wilson GM. Assessment of clinical
competence using objective structured examination. Br Med J 1975;1:447-451. 107. Harrison R. Revalidation: the real life OSCE. BMJ 2002;325:1454-1456. 108. Hassell AB, West Midlands Rheumatology S, Training C. Assessment of
specialist registrars in rheumatology: experience of an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). Rheumatology (Oxford) 2002;41:1323-1328.
109. Hastings JK, Flowers SK, Pace AC, Spadaro D. An Objective Standardized
Clinical Examination (OSCE) in an advanced nonprescription medicines course. Am J Pharm Educ 2010;74:98.
Assessing the relationship between cardiac physical examination technique and accurate bedside diagnosis during an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). Acad Med 2007;82:S26-29.
111. Hatala R, Marr S, Cuncic C, Bacchus CM. Modification of an OSCE format to
enhance patient continuity in a high-stakes assessment of clinical performance. BMC Med Educ 2011;11:23.
112. Heinke W, Rotzoll D, Hempel G, Zupanic M, Stumpp P, Kaisers UX, et al.
Students benefit from developing their own emergency medicine OSCE stations: a comparative study using the matched-pair method. BMC Med Educ 2013;13:138.
113. Hellewell SA. Machine check OSCE--which guidelines are right? Anaesthesia
2001;56:487-488.
10
114. Hernandez C, Lewis A, Castiglioni A, Selim B, Cendan J. OSCE standards-setting procedure facilitated by digital technology. Med Educ 2013;47:1132.
115. Ho MJ, Lee KL, Green AR. Can cultural competency self-assessment predict
OSCE performance? Med Educ 2008;42:525. 116. Hodges B. Validity and the OSCE. Med Teach 2003;25:250-254. 117. Hodges B. OSCE! Variations on a theme by Harden. Med Educ 2003;37:1134-
1140. 118. Hodges B, Hanson M, McNaughton N, Regehr G, University of Toronto
Psychiatric Skills Assessment P. Creating, monitoring, and improving a psychiatry OSCE: a guide for faculty. Acad Psychiatry 2002;26:134-161.
119. Hodges B, McIlroy JH. Analytic global OSCE ratings are sensitive to level of
training. Med Educ 2003;37:1012-1016. 120. Hodges B, McNaughton N, Regehr G, Tiberius R, Hanson M. The challenge of
creating new OSCE measures to capture the characteristics of expertise. Med Educ 2002;36:742-748.
121. Hodges B, Regehr G, McNaughton N, Tiberius R, Hanson M. OSCE checklists
do not capture increasing levels of expertise. Acad Med 1999;74:1129-1134. 122. Hodges B, Turnbull J, Cohen R, Bienenstock A, Norman G. Evaluating
communication skills in the OSCE format: reliability and generalizability. Med Educ 1996;30:38-43.
123. Hodges BD, Hollenberg E, McNaughton N, Hanson MD, Regehr G. The
Psychiatry OSCE: A 20-Year Retrospective. Acad Psychiatry 2014; 124. Hodges BD, McNaughton N. Who should be an OSCE examiner? Acad
Psychiatry 2009;33:282-284. 125. Hofer SH, Schuebel F, Sader R, Landes C. Development and implementation of
an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) in CMF-surgery for dental students. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2013;41:412-416.
126. Homer M, Pell G. The impact of the inclusion of simulated patient ratings on the
reliability of OSCE assessments under the borderline regression method. Med Teach 2009;31:420-425.
127. Hosseini SA, Fatehi N, Eslamian J, Zamani M. Reviewing the nursing students'
11
views toward OSCE test. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2011;16:318-320. 128. Huang YS, Liu M, Huang CH, Liu KM. Implementation of an OSCE at Kaohsiung
Medical University. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2007;23:161-169. 129. Hudson JN, Rienits H, Corrin L, Olmos M. An innovative OSCE clinical log
station: a quantitative study of its influence on Log use by medical students. BMC Med Educ 2012;12:111.
130. Humphrey-Murto S, MacFadyen JC. Standard setting: a comparison of case-
author and modified borderline-group methods in a small-scale OSCE. Acad Med 2002;77:729-732.
131. Humphrey-Murto S, MacFadyen JC. Standard setting: a comparison of case-
author and modified borderline-group methods in a small-scale OSCE. Acad Med 2002;77:729-732.
132. Humphrey-Murto S, Smee S, Touchie C, Wood TJ, Blackmore DE. A comparison
of physician examiners and trained assessors in a high-stakes OSCE setting. Acad Med 2005;80:S59-62.
133. Humphrey-Murto S, Wood TJ, Touchie C. Why do physicians volunteer to be
OSCE examiners? Med Teach 2005;27:172-174. 134. Humphris GM. Communication skills knowledge, understanding and OSCE
performance in medical trainees: a multivariate prospective study using structural equation modelling. Med Educ 2002;36:842-852.
135. Iramaneerat C, Yudkowsky R, Myford CM, Downing SM. Quality control of an
OSCE using generalizability theory and many-faceted Rasch measurement. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 2008;13:479-493.
136. Jacobs JC, Denessen E, Postma CT. The structure of medical competence and
results of an OSCE. Neth J Med 2004;62:397-403. 137. Jain SS, DeLisa JA, Nadler S, Kirshblum S, Banerjee SN, Eyles M, et al. One
program's experience of OSCE vs. written board certification results: a pilot study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2000;79:462-467.
138. Jain SS, Nadler S, Eyles M, Kirshblum S, DeLisa JA, Smith A. Development of an
objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) for physical medicine and rehabilitation residents. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 1997;76:102-106.
139. Jan MM. Preparing for the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE).
12
Guide for students and residents. Saudi Med J 2013;34:348-353. 140. Jefferies A, Simmons B, Regehr G. The effect of candidate familiarity on
examiner OSCE scores. Med Educ 2007;41:888-891. 141. Jefferies A, Simmons B, Tabak D, McIlroy JH, Lee KS, Roukema H, et al. Using
an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) to assess multiple physician competencies in postgraduate training. Med Teach 2007;29:183-191.
142. Jevon P, Davis D, Hartley S. Using OSCE for mandatory training. Nurs Times
2012;108:18-19. 143. Johnson G, Reynard K. Assessment of an objective structured clinical
examination (OSCE) for undergraduate students in accident and emergency medicine. J Accid Emerg Med 1994;11:223-226.
144. Johnston JL, Lundy G, McCullough M, Gormley GJ. The view from over there:
reframing the OSCE through the experience of standardised patient raters. Med Educ 2013;47:899-909.
145. Jolly B, Cohen R, Newble D, Rothman A. Possible effects of reusing OSCE
stations. Acad Med 1996;71:1023-1024. 146. Jolly BC, Cohen R, Rothman AI, Ross J. Graduates of foreign medical schools:
demographic and personal predictors of success on an OSCE-format internship programme entrance examination. Res Med Educ 1988;27:234-239.
147. Jolly BC, Jones A, Dacre JE, Elzubeir M, Kopelman P, Hitman G. Relationships
between students' clinical experiences in introductory clinical courses and their performances on an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). Acad Med 1996;71:909-916.
148. Karani R, Callahan EH, Thomas DC. An unfolding case with a linked OSCE: a
curriculum in inpatient geriatric medicine. Acad Med 2002;77:938. 149. Karani R, Leipzig RM, Callahan EH, Thomas DC. An unfolding case with a linked
Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE): a curriculum in inpatient geriatric medicine. J Am Geriatr Soc 2004;52:1191-1198.
150. Kaufman DM, Mann KV, Muijtjens AM, van der Vleuten CP. A comparison of
standard-setting procedures for an OSCE in undergraduate medical education. Acad Med 2000;75:267-271.
151. Khairy GA. Feasibility and acceptability of objective structured clinical
13
examination (osce) for a large number of candidates: experience at a university hospital. J Family Community Med 2004;11:75-78.
152. Khan KZ, Gaunt K, Ramachandran S, Pushkar P. The Objective Structured
Clinical Examination (OSCE): AMEE Guide No. 81. Part II: organisation & administration. Med Teach 2013;35:e1447-1463.
153. Khan KZ, Ramachandran S, Gaunt K, Pushkar P. The Objective Structured
Clinical Examination (OSCE): AMEE Guide No. 81. Part I: an historical and theoretical perspective. Med Teach 2013;35:e1437-1446.
154. Khan ZH. Perceptions of appropriate appearance in the OSCE: a mixed study
analysing viewpoints of students and examiners. Med Teach 2011;33:170. 155. Khattab AD, Rawlings B. Assessing nurse practitioner students using a modified
157. Khattab AD, Rawlings B. Use of a modified OSCE to assess nurse practitioner
students. Br J Nurs 2008;17:754-759. 158. Khattab AD, Rawlings B. Use of a modified OSCE to assess nurse practitioner
students. Br J Nurs 2008;17:754-759. 159. Kirby RL, Curry L. Introduction of an objective structured clinical examination
(OSCE) to an undergraduate clinical skills programme. Med Educ 1982;16:362-364.
160. Konje JC, Abrams KR, Taylor DJ. How discriminatory is the objective structured
clinical examination (OSCE) in the assessment of clinical competence of medical students? J Obstet Gynaecol 2001;21:223-227.
161. Koop AJ, Borbasi SA. Towards enhanced OSCE in Australian nurse education: a
contribution from South Africa. Curationis 1994;17:40-43. 162. Kramer A, Muijtjens A, Jansen K, Dusman H, Tan L, van der Vleuten C.
Comparison of a rational and an empirical standard setting procedure for an OSCE. Objective structured clinical examinations. Med Educ 2003;37:132-139.
163. Kramer AW, Jansen JJ, Zuithoff P, Dusman H, Tan LH, Grol RP, et al. Predictive
14
validity of a written knowledge test of skills for an OSCE in postgraduate training for general practice. Med Educ 2002;36:812-819.
164. Kubota Y, Yano Y, Morimoto T, Seki S, Takada K, Kuramoto N, et al. Reliability
of evaluation for communication competency in pharmaceutical objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). Yakugaku Zasshi 2009;129:609-616.
165. Kwolek DS, Witzke DB, Blue AV, Schwartz RW, Sloan DA. Using an OSCE to
assess the ability of residents to manage problems in women's health. Acad Med 1997;72:S48-50.
166. Landes CA, Hoefer S, Schuebel F, Ballon A, Teiler A, Tran A, et al. Long-term
prospective teaching effectivity of practical skills training and a first OSCE in Cranio Maxillofacial Surgery for dental students. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2013;
167. Larsen T, Jeppe-Jensen D. The introduction and perception of an OSCE with an
element of self- and peer-assessment. Eur J Dent Educ 2008;12:2-7. 168. Lazarus J, Kent AP. Student attitudes towards the objective structured clinical
examination (OSCE) and conventional methods of assessment. S Afr Med J 1983;64:390-394.
169. Lee YM, Ahn DS. The OSCE: a new challenge to the evaluation system in Korea.
Med Teach 2006;28:377-379. 170. Lee YS. OSCE for the Medical Licensing Examination in Korea. Kaohsiung J
Med Sci 2008;24:646-650. 171. Lele SM. A mini-OSCE for formative assessment of diagnostic and radiographic
skills at a dental college in India. J Dent Educ 2011;75:1583-1589. 172. Li JT. Reassessing the OSCE. Acad Med 1996;71:1137; author reply 1138. 173. Lillis S, Stuart M, Sidonie, Stuart N. New Zealand Registration Examination
(NZREX Clinical): 6 years of experience as an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). N Z Med J 2012;125:74-80.
174. Lin CW, Clinciu DL, Swartz MH, Wu CC, Lien GS, Chan CY, et al. An integrative
OSCE methodology for enhancing the traditional OSCE program at Taipei medical university ospital - a feasibility study. BMC Med Educ 2013;13:102.
175. Lin CW, Tsai TC, Sun CK, Chen DF, Liu KM. Power of the policy: how the
announcement of high-stakes clinical examination altered OSCE implementation at institutional level. BMC Med Educ 2013;13:8.
15
176. Lindsey AA, Stritter F. Use of an OSCE in education for radiation therapists.
Radiol Technol 1990;62:36-41. 177. Loschen EL. The OSCE revisited: use of performance-based evaluation in
psychiatric education. Acad Psychiatry 2002;26:202-204. 178. Macdonald K, Weeks KW, Moseley L. Safety in numbers 6: Tracking pre-
registration nursing students' cognitive and functional competence development in medication dosage calculation problem-solving: the role of authentic learning and diagnostic assessment environments. Nurse Educ Pract 2013;13:e66-77.
179. Macluskey M, Hanson C, Kershaw A, Wight AJ, Ogden GR. Development of a
structured clinical operative test (SCOT) in the assessment of practical ability in the oral surgery undergraduate curriculum. Br Dent J 2004;196:225-228.
180. Manogue M, Brown G. Developing and implementing an OSCE in dentistry. Eur J
Dent Educ 1998;2:51-57. 181. Martin IG, Jolly B. Predictive validity and estimated cut score of an objective
structured clinical examination (OSCE) used as an assessment of clinical skills at the end of the first clinical year. Med Educ 2002;36:418-425.
182. Mathews L, Menon J, Mani NS. Micro-OSCE for assessment of undergraduates.
Indian Pediatr 2004;41:159-163. 183. Mavis B. Self-efficacy and OSCE performance among second year medical
students. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 2001;6:93-102. 184. Mavis BE, Henry RC. Between a rock and a hard place: finding a place for the
OSCE in medical education. Med Educ 2002;36:408-409. 185. Mavis BE, Henry RC, Ogle KS, Hoppe RB. The emperor's new clothes: the
OSCE reassessed. Acad Med 1996;71:447-453. 186. Mazor KM, Ockene JK, Rogers HJ, Carlin MM, Quirk ME. The relationship
between checklist scores on a communication OSCE and analogue patients' perceptions of communication. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 2005;10:37-51.
Pap R Coll Gen Pract 1990;39-42. 188. McComas MJ, Wright RA, Mann NK, Cooper MD, Jacks ME. M-OSCE as a
method to measure dental hygiene students' critical thinking: a pilot study. J Dent
16
Educ 2013;77:485-493. 189. McEvoy M, Schlair S, Sidlo Z, Burton W, Milan F. Assessing third-year medical
students' ability to address a patient's spiritual distress using an OSCE case. Acad Med 2014;89:66-70.
190. McGowan JJ, Bangert M, Ballinger SH, Highbaugh S. Implementing wireless
evaluation in a hospital-based OSCE center. AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2003;930. 191. McIlroy JH. The impact of an alternative approach to computing station cut
scores in an OSCE. Acad Med 2000;75:S18-20. 192. McLaughlin K, Gregor L, Jones A, Coderre S. Can standardized patients replace
physicians as OSCE examiners? BMC Med Educ 2006;6:12. 193. McLay RN, Rodenhauser P, Anderson DS, Stanton ML, Markert RJ. Simulating a
full-length psychiatric interview with a complex patient: an OSCE for medical students. Acad Psychiatry 2002;26:162-167.
194. McWilliam PL, Botwinski CA. Identifying strengths and weaknesses in the
utilization of Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) in a nursing program. Nurs Educ Perspect 2012;33:35-39.
195. Miller E, Green AR. Student reflections on learning cross-cultural skills through a
'cultural competence' OSCE. Med Teach 2007;29:e76-84. 196. Miller JK. Competency-based training: objective structured clinical exercises
(OSCE) in marriage and family therapy. J Marital Fam Ther 2010;36:320-332. 197. Mitchell ML, Henderson A, Groves M, Dalton M, Nulty D. The objective structured
clinical examination (OSCE): optimising its value in the undergraduate nursing curriculum. Nurse Educ Today 2009;29:398-404.
198. Moineau G, Power B, Pion AM, Wood TJ, Humphrey-Murto S. Comparison of
student examiner to faculty examiner scoring and feedback in an OSCE. Med Educ 2011;45:183-191.
199. Mondal R, Sarkar S, Nandi M, Hazra A. Comparative analysis between objective
structured clinical examination (OSCE) and conventional examination (CE) as a formative evaluation tool in Pediatrics in semester examination for final MBBS students. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2012;10:62-65.
200. Mossey PA, Newton JP. The Structured Clinical Operative Test (SCOT) in dental
201. Mossey PA, Newton JP, Stirrups DR. Scope of the OSCE in the assessment of
clinical skills in dentistry. Br Dent J 2001;190:323-326. 202. Napankangas R, Harila V, Lahti S. Experiences in adding multiple-choice
questions to an objective structural clinical examination (OSCE) in undergraduate dental education. Eur J Dent Educ 2012;16:e146-150.
203. Nicholson B, Forrest K. What influences performance in the OSCE exam? The
medical student perspective. Med Teach 2009;31:1040-1041. 204. Nickbakht M, Amiri M, Latifi SM. Study of the reliability and validity of objective
structured clinical examination (OSCE) in the assessment of clinical skills of audiology students. Glob J Health Sci 2013;5:64-68.
205. Niehaus AH, DaRosa DA, Markwell SJ, Folse R. Is test security a concern when
OSCE stations are repeated across clerkship rotations? Acad Med 1996;71:287-289.
206. Odoi Adome R, Kitutu F. Creating an OSCE/OSPE in a resource-limited setting.
Med Educ 2008;42:525-526. 207. Oh DM, Kim JM, Garcia RE, Krilowicz BL. Valid and reliable authentic
assessment of culminating student performance in the biomedical sciences. Adv Physiol Educ 2005;29:83-93.
208. Oranye NO, Ahmad C, Ahmad N, Bakar RA. Assessing nursing clinical skills
competence through objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) for open distance learning students in Open University Malaysia. Contemp Nurse 2012;41:233-241.
209. Ositadimma ON, Che'an A, Nora A, Rosnida AB. Assessing Nursing Clinical
Skills Competence through Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) for Open Distance Learning Students in Open University Malaysia. Contemp Nurse 2012;
Construct validity of an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) in psychiatry: associations with the clinical skills examination and other indicators. Acad Psychiatry 2004;28:122-128.
211. Patil NG, Saing H, Wong J. Role of OSCE in evaluation of practical skills. Med
Teach 2003;25:271-272.
18
212. Patricio MF, Juliao M, Fareleira F, Carneiro AV. Is the OSCE a feasible tool to assess competencies in undergraduate medical education? Med Teach 2013;35:503-514.
213. Paul F. An exploration of student nurses' thoughts and experiences of using a
video-recording to assess their performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) during a mock objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). Nurse Educ Pract 2010;10:285-290.
214. Payne NJ, Bradley EB, Heald EB, Maughan KL, Michaelsen VE, Wang XQ, et al.
Sharpening the eye of the OSCE with critical action analysis. Acad Med 2008;83:900-905.
215. Peeraer G, Muijtjens AM, De Winter BY, Remmen R, Hendrickx K, Bossaert L, et
al. Unintentional failure to assess for experience in senior undergraduate OSCE scoring. Med Educ 2008;42:669-675.
216. Pell G, Fuller R, Homer M, Roberts T. Is short-term remediation after OSCE
failure sustained? A retrospective analysis of the longitudinal attainment of underperforming students in OSCE assessments. Med Teach 2012;34:146-150.
217. Pell G, Fuller R, Homer M, Roberts T, International Association for Medical E.
How to measure the quality of the OSCE: A review of metrics - AMEE guide no. 49. Med Teach 2010;32:802-811.
218. Pierre RB, Wierenga A, Barton M, Branday JM, Christie CD. Student evaluation
of an OSCE in paediatrics at the University of the West Indies, Jamaica. BMC Med Educ 2004;4:22.
219. Rashid MS, Sobowale O, Gore D. A near-peer teaching program designed,
developed and delivered exclusively by recent medical graduates for final year medical students sitting the final objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). BMC Med Educ 2011;11:11.
220. Ratzmann A, Wiesmann U, Kordass B. Integration of an Objective Structured
Clinical Examination (OSCE) into the dental preliminary exams. GMS Z Med Ausbild 2012;29:Doc09.
221. Rau T, Fegert J, Liebhardt H. How high are the personnel costs for OSCE? A
financial report on management aspects. GMS Z Med Ausbild 2011;28:Doc13. 222. Raymond JE, Homer CS, Smith R, Gray JE. Learning through authentic
assessment: an evaluation of a new development in the undergraduate midwifery curriculum. Nurse Educ Pract 2013;13:471-476.
19
223. Regehr G, Freeman R, Hodges B, Russell L. Assessing the generalizability of
OSCE measures across content domains. Acad Med 1999;74:1320-1322. 224. Regehr G, Freeman R, Robb A, Missiha N, Heisey R. OSCE performance
evaluations made by standardized patients: comparing checklist and global rating scores. Acad Med 1999;74:S135-137.
225. Regehr G, MacRae H, Reznick RK, Szalay D. Comparing the psychometric
properties of checklists and global rating scales for assessing performance on an OSCE-format examination. Acad Med 1998;73:993-997.
high-stakes testing with an OSCE: report from the Medical Council of Canada. Acad Med 1996;71:S19-21.
227. Reznick RK, Regehr G, Yee G, Rothman A, Blackmore D, Dauphinee D.
Process-rating forms versus task-specific checklists in an OSCE for medical licensure. Medical Council of Canada. Acad Med 1998;73:S97-99.
228. Roberts C, Wass V, Jones R, Sarangi S, Gillett A. A discourse analysis study of
'good' and 'poor' communication in an OSCE: a proposed new framework for teaching students. Med Educ 2003;37:192-201.
229. Roberts J, Brown B. Testing the OSCE: a reliable measurement of clinical
nursing skills. Can J Nurs Res 1990;22:51-59. 230. Robinson DJ. A training and examination program to prepare psychiatric
residents for OSCE-style exams. Acad Psychiatry 2009;33:331-334. 231. Rosen GM, Harris I, Mahowald MW. Objective structured clinical examinations
(OSCE) for sleep. Sleep Med 2005;6:75-80. 232. Ross M, Carroll G, Knight J, Chamberlain M, Fothergill-Bourbonnais F, Linton J.
Using the OSCE to measure clinical skills performance in nursing. J Adv Nurs 1988;13:45-56.
233. Rothman AI, Blackmore D, Cohen R, Reznick R. The consistency and uncertainty
in examiners' definitions of pass/fail performance on OSCE (objective structured clinical examination) stations. Eval Health Prof 1996;19:118-124.
234. Rothman AI, Blackmore D, Dauphinee WD, Reznick R. The use of global ratings
in OSCE station scores. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 1996;1:215-219.
20
235. Rudland J, Wilkinson T, Smith-Han K, Thompson-Fawcett M. "You can do it late at night or in the morning. You can do it at home, I did it with my flatmate." The educational impact of an OSCE. Med Teach 2008;30:206-211.
236. Ruesseler M, Weinlich M, Byhahn C, Muller MP, Junger J, Marzi I, et al.
Increased authenticity in practical assessment using emergency case OSCE stations. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 2010;15:81-95.
237. Rushforth HE. Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE): review of
literature and implications for nursing education. Nurse Educ Today 2007;27:481-490.
238. Ryan S, Stevenson K, Hassell AB. Assessment of clinical nurse specialists in
rheumatology using an OSCE. Musculoskeletal Care 2007;5:119-129. 239. Sabin M, Weeks KW, Rowe DA, Hutton BM, Coben D, Hall C, et al. Safety in
numbers 5: Evaluation of computer-based authentic assessment and high fidelity simulated OSCE environments as a framework for articulating a point of registration medication dosage calculation benchmark. Nurse Educ Pract 2013;13:e55-65.
240. Sadeghi M, Taghva A, Mirsepassi G, Hassanzadeh M. How do examiners and
examinees think about role-playing of standardized patients in an OSCE setting? Acad Psychiatry 2007;31:358-362.
241. Sakurai H, Kanada Y, Sugiura Y, Motoya I, Yamada M, Tomita M, et al.
Standardization of Clinical Skill Evaluation in Physical/Occupational Therapist Education -Effects of Introduction of an Education System Using OSCE. J Phys Ther Sci 2013;25:1071-1077.
242. Sauer J, Hodges B, Santhouse A, Blackwood N. The OSCE has landed: One
small step for British psychiatry? Acad Psychiatry 2005;29:310-315. 243. Schmidts MB. OSCE logistics--handheld computers replace checklists and
provide automated feedback. Objective structured clinical examination. Med Educ 2000;34:957-958.
244. Schoonheim-Klein M, Hoogstraten J, Habets L, Aartman I, Van der Vleuten C,
Manogue M, et al. Language background and OSCE performance: a study of potential bias. Eur J Dent Educ 2007;11:222-229.
245. Schoonheim-Klein M, Muijtjens A, Habets L, Manogue M, Van der Vleuten C,
Hoogstraten J, et al. On the reliability of a dental OSCE, using SEM: effect of different days. Eur J Dent Educ 2008;12:131-137.
21
246. Schoonheim-Klein M, Muijtjens A, Habets L, Manogue M, van der Vleuten C, van
der Velden U. Who will pass the dental OSCE? Comparison of the Angoff and the borderline regression standard setting methods. Eur J Dent Educ 2009;13:162-171.
247. Schoonheim-Klein M, Walmsley AD, Habets L, van der Velden U, Manogue M.
An implementation strategy for introducing an OSCE into a dental school. Eur J Dent Educ 2005;9:143-149.
248. Schoonheim-Klein ME, Habets LL, Aartman IH, van der Vleuten CP, Hoogstraten
J, van der Velden U. Implementing an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) in dental education: effects on students' learning strategies. Eur J Dent Educ 2006;10:226-235.
249. Schwartz RW, Donnelly MB, Sloan DA, Johnson SB, Strodel WE. The
relationship between faculty ward evaluations, OSCE, and ABSITE as measures of surgical intern performance. Am J Surg 1995;169:414-417.
250. Schwartzman E, Hsu DI, Law AV, Chung EP. Assessment of patient
communication skills during OSCE: examining effectiveness of a training program in minimizing inter-grader variability. Patient Educ Couns 2011;83:472-477.
251. Scott BJ, Evans DJ, Drummond JR, Mossey PA, Stirrups DR. An investigation
into the use of a structured clinical operative test for the assessment of a clinical skill. Eur J Dent Educ 2001;5:31-37.
252. Selim AA, Ramadan FH, El-Gueneidy MM, Gaafer MM. Using Objective
Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) in undergraduate psychiatric nursing education: is it reliable and valid? Nurse Educ Today 2012;32:283-288.
253. Serpell JW. Evolution of the OSCA-OSCE-Clinical Examination of the Royal
Australasian College of Surgeons. ANZ J Surg 2009;79:161-168. 254. Sethuraman KR. The use of objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) for
detecting and correcting teaching-learning errors in physical examination. Med Teach 1993;15:365-368.
255. Shaw N, Kirwan J. Piloting the new specialist training year 1 (ST1) interview
process--using the OSCE. Med Teach 2007;29:286. 256. Sibbald D, Regehr G. Impact on the psychometric properties of a pharmacy
OSCE: using 1st-year students as standardized patients. Teach Learn Med
22
2003;15:180-185. 257. Simon SR, Bui A, Day S, Berti D, Volkan K. The relationship between second-
year medical students' OSCE scores and USMLE Step 2 scores. J Eval Clin Pract 2007;13:901-905.
258. Simon SR, Volkan K, Hamann C, Duffey C, Fletcher SW. The relationship
between second-year medical students' OSCE scores and USMLE Step 1 scores. Med Teach 2002;24:535-539.
259. Sisley AC, Johnson SB, Erickson W, Fortune JB. Use of an Objective Structured
Clinical Examination (OSCE) for the assessment of physician performance in the ultrasound evaluation of trauma. J Trauma 1999;47:627-631.
260. Skinner BD, Newton WP, Curtis P. The educational value of an OSCE in a family
practice residency. Acad Med 1997;72:722-724. 261. Sloan DA, Donnelly MB, Johnson SB, Schwartz RW, Strodel WE. Use of an
Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) to measure improvement in clinical competence during the surgical internship. Surgery 1993;114:343-350; discussion 350-341.
262. Sloan DA, Donnelly MB, Schwartz RW, Felts JL, Blue AV, Strodel WE. The use
of objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) for evaluation and instruction in graduate medical education. J Surg Res 1996;63:225-230.
263. Smee SM, Dauphinee WD, Blackmore DE, Rothman AI, Reznick RK, Des
Marchais J. A sequenced OSCE for licensure: administrative issues, results and myths. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 2003;8:223-236.
264. Smith V, Muldoon K, Biesty L. The Objective Structured Clinical Examination
(OSCE) as a strategy for assessing clinical competence in midwifery education in Ireland: a critical review. Nurse Educ Pract 2012;12:242-247.
265. Stroud L, Herold J, Tomlinson G, Cavalcanti RB. Who you know or what you
know? Effect of examiner familiarity with residents on OSCE scores. Acad Med 2011;86:S8-11.
266. Taghva A, Panaghi L, Rasoulian M, Bolhari J, Zarghami M, Esfahani MN.
Evaluation of reliability and validity of the Psychiatry OSCE in Iran. Acad Psychiatry 2010;34:154-157.
267. Tan CP, Rokiah P. The use of OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination)
as an assessment tool--initial experiences at the University of Malaya. Med J
23
Malaysia 2005;60 Suppl D:48-53. 268. Tang B, Hanna GB, Carter F, Adamson GD, Martindale JP, Cuschieri A.
Competence assessment of laparoscopic operative and cognitive skills: Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) or Observational Clinical Human Reliability Assessment (OCHRA). World J Surg 2006;30:527-534.
269. Tervo RC, Dimitrievich E, Trujillo AL, Whittle K, Redinius P, Wellman L. The
Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) in the clinical clerkship: an overview. S D J Med 1997;50:153-156.
270. Thistlethwaite JE. Developing an OSCE station to assess the ability of medical
students to share information and decisions with patients: issues relating to interrater reliability and the use of simulated patients. Educ Health (Abingdon) 2002;15:170-179.
271. Tor E, Steketee C. Rasch analysis on OSCE data : An illustrative example.
Australas Med J 2011;4:339-345. 272. Townsend AH, McLlvenny S, Miller CJ, Dunn EV. The use of an objective
structured clinical examination (OSCE) for formative and summative assessment in a general practice clinical attachment and its relationship to final medical school examination performance. Med Educ 2001;35:841-846.
273. Troncon LE. Clinical skills assessment: limitations to the introduction of an
"OSCE" (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) in a traditional Brazilian medical school. Sao Paulo Med J 2004;122:12-17.
274. Tsai SL, Ho MJ. Can narrative medicine training improve OSCE performance?
Med Educ 2012;46:1112-1113. 275. Tudiver F, Rose D, Banks B, Pfortmiller D. Reliability and validity testing of an
evidence-based medicine OSCE station. Fam Med 2009;41:89-91. 276. Turner JL, Dankoski ME. Objective structured clinical exams: a critical review.
Fam Med 2008;40:574-578. 277. Valentino J, Donnelly MB, Sloan DA, Schwartz RW, Haydon RC, 3rd. The
reliability of six faculty members in identifying important OSCE items. Acad Med 1998;73:204-205.
278. van Niekerk JG, Lombard SA. The OSCE-experiment at MEDUNSA. Curationis
1982;5:44-48.
24
279. Varkey P, Natt N, Lesnick T, Downing S, Yudkowsky R. Validity evidence for an OSCE to assess competency in systems-based practice and practice-based learning and improvement: a preliminary investigation. Acad Med 2008;83:775-780.
280. Vatsa M. OSCE: an experience in first-aid examination of nursing students. Nurs
J India 1990;81:176-177. 281. Verma M, Singh T. Experiences with objective structured clinical examination
(OSCE) as a tool for formative evaluation in pediatrics. Indian Pediatr 1993;30:699-702.
282. Verma M, Singh T. Attitudes of medical students towards Objective Structured
Clinical Examination (OSCE) in pediatrics. Indian Pediatr 1993;30:1259-1261. 283. Wagner DP, Hoppe RB, Lee CP. The patient safety OSCE for PGY-1 residents: a
centralized response to the challenge of culture change. Teach Learn Med 2009;21:8-14.
284. Wallenstein J, Heron S, Santen S, Shayne P, Ander D. A core competency-
based objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) can predict future resident performance. Acad Emerg Med 2010;17 Suppl 2:S67-71.
285. Walmsley AD, Manogue M, Brown GA. Scope of the OSCE. Br Dent J
2001;191:116-117. 286. Wenzel LS, Briggs KL, Puryear BL. Portfolio: authentic assessment in the age of
the curriculum revolution. J Nurs Educ 1998;37:208-212. 287. White CB, Ross PT, Gruppen LD. Remediating students' failed OSCE
performances at one school: the effects of self-assessment, reflection, and feedback. Acad Med 2009;84:651-654.
288. Windrim R, Thomas J, Rittenberg D, Bodley J, Allen V, Byrne N. Perceived
educational benefits of objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) development and implementation by resident learners. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2004;26:815-818.
289. Wood TJ, Humphrey-Murto SM, Norman GR. Standard setting in a small scale
OSCE: a comparison of the Modified Borderline-Group Method and the Borderline Regression Method. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 2006;11:115-122.
290. Woodward CA, Powles P, Cadman D, Curry L, Hart IR. Symposium: Use of the
25
OSCE (objective structured clinical examination) to assess clinical competence. Res Med Educ 1984;23:407-412.
291. Zahid MA, Al-Zayed A, Ohaeri J, Varghese R. Introducing the Objective
Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) in the undergraduate psychiatric curriculum: evaluation after one year. Acad Psychiatry 2011;35:365-369.