OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS Question 1 to Question 30 are followed by four options, A, B, C, and D. Choose the best option for each question and blacken the corresponding space on the objective answer sheet. 1. Which of the following is the product of aerobic and anaerobic respiration in muscles? [K] Aerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration A. Carbon dioxide and water Ethanol B. Carbon dioxide and water Lactic acid C. Lactic acid Ethanol D. Lactic acid Carbon dioxide and water 2. The figure 1 shows the changes in the amount of yeast cells, ethanol and glucose solution under anaerobic conditions. [K] What are represented by curves P, Q and R? Curve P Curve Q Curve R 1 Figure
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OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Question 1 to Question 30 are followed by four options, A, B, C, and D. Choose the best option for each
question and blacken the corresponding space on the objective answer sheet.
1. Which of the following is the product of aerobic and anaerobic respiration in muscles? [K]
Aerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration
A. Carbon dioxide and water Ethanol
B. Carbon dioxide and water Lactic acid
C. Lactic acid Ethanol
D. Lactic acid Carbon dioxide and water
2. The figure 1 shows the changes in the amount of yeast cells, ethanol and glucose solution under
anaerobic conditions. [K]
What are represented by curves P, Q and R?
Curve P Curve Q Curve RA Ethanol Yeast GlucoseB Yeast Glucose EthanolC Ethanol Glucose YeastD Yeast Ethanol Glucose
1
Figure 1
3. Table 1 shows the composition of four air samples. [U]
Sample Oxygen Carbon dioxide Water vapourA 24 0.3 SaturatedB 21 0.03 LittleC 14 7 SaturatedD 29 3 Little
Which air sample is the composition of air exhaled during vigorous activities?
4. What will happen to the blood temperature and lactic acid content in the muscles, during
extended periods of exercise? [U]
Blood temperature Lactic acid
A. Increase Increase
B. Increase Decrease
C. Decrease Decrease
D. Decrease Increase
5. To show that anaerobic respiration can occurs in yeast, a boiled glucose solution is added into yeast after the solution has cooled. The glucose is boiled to [U]
i. break it down into simple sugar
ii. remove oxygen from the solution
iii. kill the yeast
iv. kill the bacteria inn the glucose solution
A. i and ii only
B. ii and iii only
C. i and iv only
D. ii and iv only
2
Table 1
6. An athlete is running in a 100 meters race. The following changes take place in the athlete’s
body during the race. [APP]
K – Oxygen level in the muscle increases
L – Breathing rate increases
M – Carbon dioxide concentration in the blood increases
N – Muscle activity produces carbon dioxide
In which order do these changes occur?
A. K, L, M and N
B. L, N, M and K
C. N, K, L and M
D. N, M, L and K
7. Which differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration in humans are true? [U]
Aerobic respiration Anaerobic respirationi Total energy produced per mole of glucose is
210 kJTotal energy produced per mole of glucose is 150 kJ
ii Occurs in mitochondria Occurs in cytoplasmiii The products of oxidation of glucose are
carbon dioxide and energyThe products of oxidation of glucose are lactic acid and energy
iv Incomplete oxidation of glucose Complete oxidation of glucose
A. i and iv only
B. ii and iii only
C. i, iii and iv only
D. ii, iii and iv only
3
8. Figure 2 shows an experiment that is carried out to investigate yeast activity. [APP]
The yeast is suspended in a boiled and cooled glucose solution. Which of the following activities is being
studied?
A. Diffusion of gas
B. Synthesis of fat
C. Synthesis of protein
D. Anaerobic respiration
4
Figure 2
9. Which graph shows the changes in the concentration of lactic acid in the muscles of an athlete
during and after a 5-minute run? [U]
10. The respiratory surfaces have the following characteristics: [K]
i. Large surface area
ii. Moist
iii. Thin
iv. Ciliated
A. i only
B. i and ii only
C. ii and iii only
D. i, ii, iii and iv
5
A
BD
C
11. The figure 3 shows the relationship between an alveolus and a blood capillary. [K]
What occurs at X?
i. Gaseous exchange
ii. Carbonic acid is converted into carbon dioxide
iii. Oxyhaemoglobin is formed in the red blood cells.
iv. Oxygen dissolves in the moist surface of the alveolus.
A. i and ii only
B. ii and iii only
C. i, iii and iv only
D. i, ii, iii and iv
12. Breathing through the lungs for frogs is not efficient because [U]
i. There is not much alveolus for gas exchange.
ii. There is no ribcage to expand and reduce its thoracic cavity.
iii. The mouth cavity is primarily used for breathing.
iv. There is no diaphragm to change the volume of the lungs.
6
Figure 3
A. i and iii only
B. i, ii and iv only
C. ii, iii and iv only
D. i, ii, iii, and iv
13. Breathing through the lungs for humans is efficient because [U]
i. The lungs contain a large surface area of alveoli
ii. The lungs contain very thick walls of alveoli
iii. The lungs contain a moist respiratory surface of alveoli
iv. The lungs contain a rich supply of blood capillaries of alveoli
A. i and ii only
B. ii,and iii only
C. i, iii, and iv only
D. i, ii, iii and iv
14. The figure 4 shows a part of the respiratory system of an insect. [U]
7
Figure 4
Which statement is correct?
A. Q penetrates into S.
B. P has valves which can open and close.
C. S contains fluid for gases to dissolve in.
D. R is lined with rings of chitin to prevent it from collapsing.
15. The figure 5 shows a model of the rib cage used to demonstrate the breathing mechanism in
humans. [APP]
Which of the following takes place as the position of the ribs changes from X to Y?
X to Y ProcessA Volume of the thoracic cavity increases InhalationB Volume of the thoracic cavity decreases ExhalationC Pressure in the lungs increases InhalationD Pressure in the lungs decreases Exhalation
16. The table shows the breathing rate and changes in the air volume during rest and exercise. [APP]
Breathing rate (time/ minute) Air volume for each inhalation (cm3)At rest 12 500After exercise 24 1000
8
Figure 5
Calculate the increase in air volume per minute after the exercise.
A. 6000 cm3
B. 12000 cm3
C. 15000 cm3
D. 18000 cm3
17. A J-tube is used to determine the oxygen content in a sample of exhaled air. [APP]
Length of exhaled air column = 10.0 cm
Length of air column upon adding potassium hydroxide solution = 9.6 cm
Length of air column upon adding alkaline potassium pyrogallate solution = 8.0 cm
What is the percentage of oxygen content in exhaled air?
A. 4%
B. 8%
C. 16%
D. 17%
18. The following changes take place in an athlete’s body during a 100 m race. [APP]
1. Diagram below shows two different types of animals.
a) Name the respiratory structures of animals A and B. [2marks]
A – tracheoles B – gills
b) State three similar characteristics between the respiratory structures of animals A and B which are adapted to increase their efficiency in gaseous exchange. [3marks]
Both have thin walls, occurs in large number and are always moist.
c) State the structure that surrounds the respiratory structure of animal B but is not found in animal A. [1 mark]
Blood capillaries
d) Explain why animal A does not need the structure as mentioned in (c). [1 mark]
Because each cell in the insect’s body has a tracheole.
e) In the space below, draw and label the respiratory structures of animals A and B. [4 marks]
2. Figure 2 above scow the cross section of a leaves.
a) Label the structures A-E.A. Guard cell B. phloem C. xylem D. stomata
b) What is the main function of structure B in the leaf?
Transporting an organic matter produce during photosynthesis such as glucose from the leaf to all over part of the plants
c) What kind of substances transport in structure B and C during photosynthesis?
Structure B transporting organic matter produce within photosynthesis in the leaf to the root
While, structure C transporting water and mineral absorb by the root from soil to the leaf which required for photosynthesis to occur.
d) What will happen to the structure A if the intensity of a light becomes high? Explain.
When the intensity of light becomes high, the rates of photosynthesis gradually increase.
The guards cell open widely to allow gaseous exchange to occur.
As the guard cell open, uptake and release of carbon dioxide and oxygen from the leaf to the surrounding air occur, therefore gaseous exchanges will occur efficiently.
The rate of photosynthesis becomes faster than of respiration, resulting in a net intake of carbon dioxide by the plants from the surrounding.
e) Describe the function of structure A, B and C during photosynthesis take place.
Guard cell functionally as a pathway of gaseous exchange from the plants to the surrounding.
Guard cells allow intake of carbon dioxide which essential for photosynthesis and release oxygen which is the byproduct of photosynthesis to the surrounding.
Other byproduct of photosynthesis is organic matter such as sugar in form of glucose, they were transported to all over the plants such a stem and roots towards the phloem.
Xylem transported water and mineral from the root which absorbed from the soil used in the photosynthesis process.
JADUAL SPESIFIKASI UJIAN
Objective questions
Knowledge Understanding Application Analyze Total7.1 The respiratory process in energy production.
2(Q1, Q2) 5(Q3-Q7) 2(Q8, Q9) - 9
7.2 The respiratory structures and breathing mechanisms in humans and animals.
2(Q10, Q11) 3(Q12-Q14) 4(Q15-18) - 9
7.3 Gaseous exchange across the respiratory surfaces and transport of gases in humans.
2(Q19, Q20) 1(Q21) 1(Q22) 1(Q23) 5
7.4 The regulatory mechanism in respiration.
- 1(Q24) 1(Q25) - 2
7.5 The importance of maintaining a healthy respiratory system.
Knowledge Understanding Application Analyze7.1 The respiratory process in energy production.7.2 The respiratory structures and breathing mechanisms in humans and animals.
1(a), 1(e) 1(b), 1(c) - 1(d)
7.3 Gaseous exchange across the respiratory surfaces and transport of gases in humans.7.4 The regulatory mechanism in respiration.7.5 The importance of maintaining a healthy respiratory system.