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Learning Outcome Why understanding and controlling the
organizational behaviour is important.Concept of Organizational
BehaviorNature of Organizational BehaviourOrganizational Behaviour
and other similar fields of studyDisciplines contributing to
Organizational Behaviour
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Organization
A consciously coordinated social unit, composed of two or more
people, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve
a common goal or set of goals.
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Organizational Behaviour(OB)Definition:A field of study that
investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structures
have on behaviour within organizations, for the purpose of applying
such knowledge toward improving an organizations
effectiveness.-Stephens P Robbins
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Myth or Science?What is the net present value at a discounted
rate of 12 percent per year of an investment made by spending
Rs1,000,000 this year on a portfolio of stocks, with an initial
dividend next year of Rs. 100,000 and an expected rate of growth
thereafter of 4% per year?
What is the most effective way to motivate employees at
work?
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Enter Organizational BehaviorOrganizational behavior (OB)Is a
relatively young field of enquiry that studies what people think,
feel and do in and around organization.
A field of study that investigates the impact that individuals,
groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations, for
the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an
organizations effectiveness.
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Objectives of OBDescribe human behaviour: How people behave
under a variety of conditionsUnderstand behaviour: Why people
behave as they doPredict behaviour: Guessing the future employee
behaviourModify behaviour: Altering and improve human
behaviourControl behaviour: Regulate and control human behaviour at
work
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Nature/characteristics of OB
OB is a distinguished field of study as it studies human
behaviour at work. It is relatively young and growing field of
study It is systematic and scientific study of humans at work. It
is also an art. It is performance-oriented. It studies, describes,
predicts, shapes, modifies, and controls human behaviour in the
organisation.It is part of management.It studies cause and effect
relationship relationship between behavioural causes and resulting
outcomes.It is multidisciplinary subject/science. It is human tool
for human benefits. Its knowledge improves human productivity and
welfare.It is not a direct solution to human problems. It is
universally applied.
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1-*Contributing Disciplines to the OB FieldMacro:Groups
&Organizations
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Toward an OB Discipline
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Contributing Disciplines to the OB FieldPsychology ( Study of
mindset) The science that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes
change the behavior of humans and other animals.
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Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (contd)Sociology The
study of people in relation to their fellow human beings.
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Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (contd)Social
Psychology ( mindset of a group) An area within psychology that
blends concepts from psychology and sociology and that focuses on
the influence of people on one another.
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Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (contd)Anthropology The
study of societies to learn about human beings and their
activities.
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Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (contd)Political
Science The study of the behavior of individuals and groups within
a political environment.
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Challenges and Opportunities for OBResponding to
GlobalizationIncreased foreign assignmentsWorking with people from
different culturesOverseeing movement of jobs to countries with
low-cost laborManaging Workforce DiversityImplications for
managersRecognizing and responding to differences
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Domestic PartnersMajor Workforce Diversity
CategoriesRaceReligious-diversityNational
OriginAgeDisabilityGender
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Challenges and Opportunities for OB (contd)Improving Quality and
ProductivityQuality management (QM)Process reengineeringResponding
to the Labor ShortageChanging work force demographicsFewer skilled
laborersEarly retirements and older workersImproving Customer
ServiceIncreased expectation of service qualityCustomer-responsive
cultures
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What Is Quality Management?Intense focus on the customer.Concern
for continuous improvement. Improvement in the quality of
everything the organization does.Accurate measurement. Empowerment
of employees.
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Improving Quality and ProductivityQuality management (QM)The
constant attainment of customer satisfaction through the continuous
improvement of all organizational processes.Requires employees to
rethink what they do and become more involved in workplace
decisions.Process reengineeringAsks managers to reconsider how work
would be done and their organization structured if they were
starting over.Instead of making incremental changes in processes,
reengineering involves evaluating every process in terms of its
contribution.
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ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR MODEL Model (or framework) is a
description of how things work, and is also known as paradigm. The
model shows several relevant variables in OB, their interrelations
(interplay), and resulting outcomes. Experts in the field have
developed different models to explain what relevant variables
undergo in organisational behaviour and their interaction. Each OB
model makes some assumptions about the nature of people. Fred E.
Luthans explain conceptual framework of OB in form of the S-O-B-C
Model. The Model contains four variables as portrayed in figure
14.3.
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Challenges and Opportunity for OB (contd)Improving People
SkillsEmpowering PeopleStimulating Innovation and ChangeCoping with
TemporarinessWorking in Networked OrganizationsHelping Employees
Balance Work/Life ConflictsImproving Ethical Behavior
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