INDUCTION INITIAL PHASE ONCE THE TARGET MAC VALUE OF 0.8 TO 1 HAS BEEN REACHED CARRIER GASES * From a patient age of > 6 months; All values are clinically-tested orientation values, however in individual cases, they must be adapted according to the individual response by the patient, the performance characteristics of the machines used and the operational requirements. Schematic Procedure* of Minimal-Flow Anaesthesia with Carrier Gases PDF-Nr: PDF-8088 Isoflurane Sevoflurane Desflurane AIR O2 N2O AIR O2 N2O Oxygen: 1 L/min for 1-8 min., 100% Oxygen: 1 L/min, 40% Air: 3 L/min Fresh Gas Flow: 4 L/min Fresh Gas Flow: 4.4 L/min Oxygen: 1.4 L/min, 32% Nitrous Oxide: 3 L/min Oxygen: 100% to 0.25-0.35 L/min NOTE: Change of anesthetic agent concentration Oxygen: 0.3 L/min, 68% Air: 0.2 L/min Fresh Gas Flow: 0.5 L/min Fresh Gas Flow: 0.5 L/min Oxygen: 0.3 L/min, 60% Nitrous Oxide: 0.2 L/min 60-80% 35-40% 30-40% O 2 FRESH GAS FLOW SETTINGS INSPIRATORY OXYGEN CONCENTRATION STABILIZATION (VOL%): VAPORIZER SETTINGS (VOL%): REDUCE FRESH GAS FLOW: INCREASE VAPORIZER SETTINGS (VOL%): Pre-oxygenation with 100% oxygen at 6 L/min for 1-3 minutes with a face mask Intravenous administration of the hypnotic or inhalation induction Analgesia and relaxation (NOTE: Oxygen & Oxygen/Air Mixtures may require 20% higher dosing of induction opioid) Endotracheal intubation or insertion of a larynx mask Connection of patient to the circuit system OXYGEN OXYGEN/ AIR MIXTURE OXYGEN/ NITROUS OXIDE O 2 O 2 N N O DES SEVO ISO 5-6% 12% 5-6% DES SEVO ISO 2.5% 6% 3.5% DES SEVO ISO 1-1.5% 4-6% 2-2.5% DES SEVO ISO N/A N/A N/A DES SEVO ISO 5% 8% 5% DES SEVO ISO 2.5% 5-7.5% 3-3.5%