Nymity (and other made up words)

NymityNymity(and other made up words)(and other made up words)

Dan CuttingDan CuttingJuly 2003July 2003

OverviewOverview Background readingBackground reading Nymity (identity management)Nymity (identity management) Conceptual locationsConceptual locations AdhocracyAdhocracy Augmented Reality (AR)Augmented Reality (AR) Schedule and research directions.Schedule and research directions.

Background readingBackground reading Intelligent Environment (IE)Intelligent Environment (IE)

Stick-e’s (University of Kent at Canterbury)Stick-e’s (University of Kent at Canterbury) GLOSS/HearSay (University of St Andrews)GLOSS/HearSay (University of St Andrews) Taxonomy of location systems (University of Taxonomy of location systems (University of

Washington)Washington) Identity managementIdentity management

Roger Clarke’s work on nymityRoger Clarke’s work on nymity Augmented Reality (AR)Augmented Reality (AR)

MagicBook / ARToolkit (HIT labs).MagicBook / ARToolkit (HIT labs).

NymityNymityBACKGROUNDBACKGROUND IEs need information from people using them, e.g. IEs need information from people using them, e.g.

Cinema needs age for R-rated films.Cinema needs age for R-rated films.

IDEAIDEA Only show what’s required, e.g. Cinema doesn’t Only show what’s required, e.g. Cinema doesn’t

need nameneed name Person controls level of anonymity: simple, Person controls level of anonymity: simple,

unobtrusive.unobtrusive.

MOTIVATIONMOTIVATION Privacy (‘Big Brother’).Privacy (‘Big Brother’).

NymityNymity

APPROACHAPPROACHNyms - sets of information related to an entityNyms - sets of information related to an entityEntities can have multiple nymsEntities can have multiple nymsAnonymity Anonymity verinymity. verinymity.

NymityNymityRESEARCHRESEARCH Reduce probability of entity discoveryReduce probability of entity discovery

Constraints processing by classification of Constraints processing by classification of nym fieldsnym fields

Identity fusion.Identity fusion.

Identity fusionIdentity fusion

ConstraintsConstraints

Conceptual locationsConceptual locationsBACKGROUNDBACKGROUND Location holds much contextLocation holds much context Where you are, who you’re with Where you are, who you’re with what you’re what you’re

doing.doing.

IDEAIDEA ‘‘Location’ as point in abstract spaceLocation’ as point in abstract space E.g. ‘location’ on webE.g. ‘location’ on web Need model and distance metricNeed model and distance metric Also map between physical and conceptual Also map between physical and conceptual

locations.locations.

Conceptual locationsConceptual locationsMOTIVATIONMOTIVATION Can link people who are ‘close’Can link people who are ‘close’ More context for IE.More context for IE.

APPLICATIONAPPLICATION User downloading a Monet painting is ‘close’ to User downloading a Monet painting is ‘close’ to

person viewing the real painting in a galleryperson viewing the real painting in a gallery Web user could ask gallery visitor to take close Web user could ask gallery visitor to take close

ups of certain parts.ups of certain parts.

Conceptual locationsConceptual locationsAPPROACHAPPROACH Where do we get models and metrics?Where do we get models and metrics? Different domains, different needsDifferent domains, different needs Graph theory, social sciences.Graph theory, social sciences.

SAMPLE MODEL / METRICSAMPLE MODEL / METRIC Hierarchical ontology of Yahoo!Hierarchical ontology of Yahoo! Monet Monet Picasso = 6. Picasso = 6.

AdhocracyAdhocracyBACKGROUNDBACKGROUND Three classes of IE:Three classes of IE:

1.1. Client-ServerClient-Server2.2. Peer-PeerPeer-Peer3.3. Hybrid - some centralised infrastructure but Hybrid - some centralised infrastructure but

communication is peer-peer.communication is peer-peer.

IDEAIDEA Data associated with physical locations without Data associated with physical locations without

fixed storage infrastructurefixed storage infrastructure Use mobile, ad hoc nodes for storage.Use mobile, ad hoc nodes for storage.

AdhocracyAdhocracy

MOTIVATIONMOTIVATION Decentralised, hard to control / censorDecentralised, hard to control / censor Tag places with Tag places with ‘virtual graffiti’‘virtual graffiti’ E.g. Tag shops with poor service E.g. Tag shops with poor service Freedom of speech!Freedom of speech!

AdhocracyAdhocracy

This fountain is boring!

This fountain is boring!- Jamie

AdhocracyAdhocracyAPPROACHAPPROACH Common PDAs / phonesCommon PDAs / phones Wireless data sharing (Bluetooth, WiFi)Wireless data sharing (Bluetooth, WiFi) Transient storage in devices when passing Transient storage in devices when passing

through physical locationthrough physical location Replicate, encrypt and distribute graffitiReplicate, encrypt and distribute graffiti Location sensed in many ways - sensor fusion.Location sensed in many ways - sensor fusion.

AdhocracyAdhocracyCONSTRAINTSCONSTRAINTS Requires critical mass of users, graffiti vanishes at Requires critical mass of users, graffiti vanishes at

night!night! Susceptible to jamming.Susceptible to jamming.

APPLICATIONSAPPLICATIONS Wiki-style content management, Slashdot-style Wiki-style content management, Slashdot-style

moderation, access reinforcementmoderation, access reinforcement Abstract objects (‘The Matrix’ movie) Abstract objects (‘The Matrix’ movie) multiple multiple

physical cinemas.physical cinemas.

AR phoneAR phone

BACKGROUNDBACKGROUND Virtual objects in real worldVirtual objects in real world Fiducial markers position virtual objectsFiducial markers position virtual objects InaccessibleInaccessible (viewed through expensive (viewed through expensive

glasses)glasses) ClumsyClumsy (viewed with (viewed with

computer and web cam).computer and web cam).

Practical use of ARPractical use of AR

AR phoneAR phoneIDEAIDEA Use common mobile device as a view port.Use common mobile device as a view port.

MOTIVATIONMOTIVATION Increase accessibilityIncrease accessibility Reduce clumsiness.Reduce clumsiness.

AR phoneAR phoneAPPROACHAPPROACH Smart-phones (e.g. Ericsson P800)Smart-phones (e.g. Ericsson P800)

CameraCamera Large screenLarge screen BluetoothBluetooth Too slow for video processing.Too slow for video processing.

Offload AR to server with Bluetooth.Offload AR to server with Bluetooth.

AR phoneAR phone

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.

BluetoothBluetoothCameraCamera

DisplayDisplay

Find fiducial marker

Augment image

AR phoneAR phoneAPPLICATIONAPPLICATION Allan Richards’ usability study - real time gaze Allan Richards’ usability study - real time gaze

analysis (http://eyeresponse.com).analysis (http://eyeresponse.com).

ScheduleSchedule Submitted nymity paper for UbiComp Doctoral Submitted nymity paper for UbiComp Doctoral

ColloquiumColloquium Adhocracy UbiComp workshop paper with Aaron Adhocracy UbiComp workshop paper with Aaron

and David Symondsand David Symonds Visiting HIT labs in August with AR phoneVisiting HIT labs in August with AR phone Short paper on AR phone for OZCHI 2003Short paper on AR phone for OZCHI 2003 Nymity paper with Aaron and John Zic for IEEE Nymity paper with Aaron and John Zic for IEEE

Internet ComputingInternet Computing Exploring broad areas, focusing on overlaps.Exploring broad areas, focusing on overlaps.

Questions?Questions?

Dan CuttingDan [email protected]@it.usyd.edu.au

G61B LaboratoryG61B Laboratory