Nutrition in School Age

8/6/2019 Nutrition in School Age

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NUTRITION IN SCHOOL AGE




• Period between 7-12 years.

• Characterized by a slow and steady growth.

• A quiet stage, in preparation for adolescence. (Lullbefore the storm)

• Starts to assert individuality.

• Can be taught to see the relationship of food to ahealthy body.



Nutrient Allowances

Energy

• 7-9 years= 80-90 kcal/kg

•10-12 years= 70-80 kcal/kg

CHON

• 8% of the total energy requirement necessary.

• 7-9 years= 37 g/day

• 10-12= 43-48 g/day




Nutrient Allowances• Vitamins/Minerals

• Supplementation of Vit ADEK

• Iron= 1.4 mg/day of menstrual loss;

RDA of 0.8 to 1 mg/day

• Vitamin C= 7-9 years, an RDA of 55 mg

10-12 years, an RDA of 65-70mg

• Calcium= 500-1000 mg/day

• Iodine= 7-10 years, an RDA of 120 mcg.





Meal Planning for Children (7 to 9-years-old)

• Make green, leafy, and yellowvegetables and fruit a “must” in

daily family meals. Stimulateappetite with various forms,colors, sizes, and shapes of foodserved.

• Pack nutritious lunch. Rememberthat one packed lunch shouldsupply at least 1/3 of the child’sdaily food needs.




Meal Planning for Children (7 to 9-years-old)

• Avoid serving too spicy and highlyseasoned foods. These may destroythe appetite for the more bland buthighly nutritious foods.

• Make snacks count. Serve nutritioussnack like root crops, beans, orfresh fruits instead of candies andsoft drinks.




How to Prepare Pack Lunch

1. Plan the meals that are cheap andeasy to prepare.

– Choose food in season. – Prepare easy-to-pack dishes like

fried fish or pork adobo withslices of tomatoes, fish/meatomelet, beef tapa, or boiledkangkong tops with alamang

– Use fruit in season for dessert.




How to Prepare Pack Lunch

2. If child prefers, preparesandwich fillings the day ornight before to save time in theusual busy mornings. Wrapsandwiches separately.

3. If possible, include foods likemilk and fruit juice forbeverage.




Feeding the School Child1. Psychological Factors

a) More confident, expresses own food choices.

b) Strong urge to eat what his friends eat.2. School Environment – goals of school feedingprogram in the Philippines.

a) To improve the nutrition of school children byfurnishing them wholesome food at the lowest

reasonable cost.b)To aid in strengthening the nutrition and healtheducation program of the public schools.

c) To foster proper eating habits.




Feeding the School Child

3. Food Preferences

a)Child eats a wider variety of foods and has more

food likes and dislikes.b) Wants simple and plain dishes.

c) Eats what most adults do.

d) Develops fondness for food products seen in TVcommercials and appetite for food favorites of his movie idol.




• Feeding Problems1. Inadequate mealsBreakfast which provides ¼ to 1/3 of the dailynutrient allowance is often missed or hurriedly

eaten by school children.Causes:a. nothing to eatb. late bed riser

c. arrival of school busd. fear of being late in schoole. rush in preparing oneself for school




• Feeding Problems• A good breakfast should

consist of the following:

•

Vitamin C rich fruits like papaya.• Cereal like oatmeal or fried rice or

pan de sal

• protein-rich foods like egg, “tuyo,”

cheese, or milk




Feeding Problems• Lunch is also a dietary problem

because so many children take theirlunch away from home. Sandwichesand hearty items such as “adobo,”“longganisa,” “tinapa” with rice, redeggs, and tomatoes are favorite

among Filipino school children.Providing a child with milk, fruit juice, or soup prevents him/herfrom buying soft drinks.




Feeding Problems

2. Poor Appetite

Causes:a. demanding school work

b. tiring extra curricular

activities

c. new outdoor experiences

d. confections and soft

drinks in school



•

Feeding Problems• Remedies: a. School cafeteria

should offer snacks or“merienda’ which are

nutritious and inexpensive. – Carbohydrate-rich snack

products which provide little orno vitamins and minerals must

be replaced with milk and fruitbeverages, “turon,” “munggo,”peanuts, fresh fruits, and bread.




Feeding Problems

3. Sweet tooth

Causes: a. hungry growing bodiesrecognize the

need for extra calories

b. parents give sweets as

rewards or

“pasalubong” to kids




• Nutritional problems & Interventions

Malnutrition & Learning

Common: Start of omitting breakfast (negative

impact on children’s academic performance)

a. Iron deficiency Anemia – cause negative impact

on cognitive(problem solving), behaviorperformance.

Management: Iron rich food, Vit C




Nutritional problems & Interventions

b. Obesity – may result in psychosocial difficulties &diseases: HPN, DM

Contributing factors:1. Inactivity (TV, computer)

2. Poor eating habits

Management:

- Family involvement in diet modification,nutrition information, activity planning &behavioral component.




Nutritional problems & Interventions

2. Dental Caries

Cause: when teeth is exposed to an acidicenvironment in a long period of time.

Management:

- avoid /minimize eating/drinkingbeverage, candies, deserts, sweets

- encourage nuts, eggs, meat, hard cheese




•Guidelines for Ensuring Childhood Health

1. Schedule regular mealtimes & allow child to

plan, prepare & serve meals, as well as clean

up.

2. Maintain variety of food.

3. Have nutritional snacks readily available like

carrots, celery sticks, yogurts .

4. Prepare mildly single food dishes.

5. Have the child wake up early esp. at breakfast.




Guidelines for Ensuring Childhood Health

6. Encourage physical activity.7. Avoid using food as a reward or bribe.

8. Turn off TV during meals





Nutrition in School Age

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